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Caracciolo R, Sella L, De Zotti M, Bolzonello A, Armellin M, Trainotti L, Favaron F, Tundo S. Efficacy of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Trichogin GA IV Peptaibol analogs against the Black Rot Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and other Phytopathogenic Bacteria. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020480. [PMID: 36838445 PMCID: PMC9967956 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Black rot caused by the Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is considered one of the most destructive diseases affecting crucifers. Xcc is a seedborne pathogen able to infect the host at any growth stage. The management of the pathogen mainly relies on the use of copper-based products with possible negative effects on human health and the environment. Searching for protection alternatives is crucial for achieving a sustainable management of Xcc. Trichoderma spp. has been largely used as a biocontrol agent against several phytopathogens. Among Trichoderma species, Trichoderma longibrachiatum produces the peptaibol trichogin GA IV, a secondary metabolite with antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, as well as filamentous and yeast-like fungi. In this work, we tested, at micromolar concentrations, 25 synthetic analogs of the peptaibol trichogin GA IV for their bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity toward the bacterium Xcc. One of the most effective peptides (4r) was also tested against the Gram-negative bacteria Xanthomonas arboricola, Pseudomonas corrugata, Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, as well as the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. The peptide 4r reduced black rot symptoms on cauliflower plants when administered both before and 24 h after inoculation with Xcc. The cytotoxic activity of the peptide 4r was also evaluated towards suspensions of tobacco cells by Evans Blue assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Caracciolo
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Luca Sella
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marta De Zotti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Angela Bolzonello
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marco Armellin
- Department of Biology (DiBio), University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Livio Trainotti
- Department of Biology (DiBio), University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Favaron
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Silvio Tundo
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Sella L, Govind R, Caracciolo R, Quarantin A, Vu VV, Tundo S, Nguyen HM, Favaron F, Musetti R, De Zotti M. Transcriptomic and Ultrastructural Analyses of Pyricularia Oryzae Treated With Fungicidal Peptaibol Analogs of Trichoderma Trichogin. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:753202. [PMID: 34721357 PMCID: PMC8551967 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.753202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eco-friendly analogs of Trichogin GA IV, a short peptaibol produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum, were assayed against Pyricularia oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast disease. In vitro and in vivo screenings allowed us to identify six peptides able to reduce by about 70% rice blast symptoms. One of the most active peptides was selected for further studies. Microscopy analyses highlighted that the treated fungal spores could not germinate and the fluorescein-labeled peptide localized on the spore cell wall and in the agglutinated cytoplasm. Transcriptomic analysis was carried out on P. oryzae mycelium 3 h after the peptide treatment. We identified 1,410 differentially expressed genes, two-thirds of which upregulated. Among these, we found genes involved in oxidative stress response, detoxification, autophagic cell death, cell wall biogenesis, degradation and remodeling, melanin and fatty acid biosynthesis, and ion efflux transporters. Molecular data suggest that the trichogin analogs cause cell wall and membrane damages and induce autophagic cell death. Ultrastructure observations on treated conidia and hyphae confirmed the molecular data. In conclusion, these selected peptides seem to be promising alternative molecules for developing effective bio-pesticides able to control rice blast disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Sella
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Rakshita Govind
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Rocco Caracciolo
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Alessandra Quarantin
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Van V Vu
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Silvio Tundo
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Hung Minh Nguyen
- Center for Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Francesco Favaron
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Rita Musetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marta De Zotti
- Department of Chemistry (DISC), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Pannucci E, Caracciolo R, Romani A, Cacciola F, Dugo P, Bernini R, Varvaro L, Santi L. An hydroxytyrosol enriched extract from olive mill wastewaters exerts antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity on Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:2677-2684. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1662006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pannucci
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Rocco Caracciolo
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Romani
- Department of Statistics, Computing, Applications “Giuseppe Parenti” DiSIA, Phytolab, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Cacciola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Messina, Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Messina, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Leonardo Varvaro
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Luca Santi
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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Bisiacco M, Caracciolo R, Giovagnoni M. About the Use of the Floating Frame in the Optimal Control of the Flexible Robot Arm. J Robot Mechatron 1992. [DOI: 10.20965/jrm.1992.p0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The mathematical model of a single-link flexible manipulator is obtained by measuring transverse deflections in a rotating reference frame which is floating with respect to the link. The use of this particular frame, the rigidbody mode frame, enables one to obtain weakly coupled equations of motion. The size of the inertia coupling terms can be easily evaluated: these terms can be shown to be negligible thus leading to an essentially linear model. An example of optimal control of manipulator's tip position is numerically reproduced. The same controller is first applied to the mechanical model of the arm accounting for non-linear coupling and then to the linear model: the two responses are found to be very close to each other.
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Inglima G, Caracciolo R, Cuzzocrea P, Perillo E, Sandoli M, Spadaccini G. Study of the32S(τ, d)33Cl and32–33S(τ, α)31–32S reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1975. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02769008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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