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Sequeda Barros R, Durán Contreras M, Romani Morris F, Vanegas Chamorro M, Albis Arrieta A. Evaluation of the methanogenic potential of anaerobic digestion of agro-industrial wastes. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14317. [PMID: 36938458 PMCID: PMC10018565 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Waste management technologies have become a way to generate value-added products. Anaerobic digestion (AD) allows biogas generation by treating organic wastes. In this work, the methanogenic potentials of anaerobic digestion of rumen and chicken manure, two typical agro-industrial wastes from the Colombian Caribbean region, were evaluated. On a first stage, the effect of temperature on anaerobic digestion of manure inoculated with liquid rumen was measured. Results revealed that the thermophilic digestion produces more biogas (up to 47% higher than the mesophilic digestion), but the mesophilic digestion has better biogas quality (up to 20% more methane than the thermophilic digestion). On the second experimental stage, it was assessed the effect of temperature regimen and the addition of fat-oil-grease (FOG) on cumulative biogas production, methane percentage, and physicochemical parameters. It was found that the anaerobic digestion of the rumen with FOG in mesophilic conditions had the best performance in terms of quantity and quality of biogas (2520 NL CH4/kg VS, CH4 93%, H2S 1 mg/L, H2O 16 mg/L). Finally, rumen and manure had methane concentrations above 40% in all cases studied, after 60 days of anaerobic digestion. It was concluded that rumen and manure are good candidates for biogas generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Sequeda Barros
- Research Group KAÍ, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla Metropolitan Area-081007, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Michel Durán Contreras
- Research Group KAÍ, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla Metropolitan Area-081007, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Felipe Romani Morris
- Research Group KAÍ, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla Metropolitan Area-081007, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Marley Vanegas Chamorro
- Research Group KAÍ, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla Metropolitan Area-081007, Atlántico, Colombia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Alberto Albis Arrieta
- Research Group Bioprocess, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla Metropolitan Area-081007, Atlántico, Colombia
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Hilbert A, Ramos LA, van Os HJA, Olabarriaga SD, Tolhuisen ML, Wermer MJH, Barros RS, van der Schaaf I, Dippel D, Roos YBWEM, van Zwam WH, Yoo AJ, Emmer BJ, Lycklama À Nijeholt GJ, Zwinderman AH, Strijkers GJ, Majoie CBLM, Marquering HA. Data-efficient deep learning of radiological image data for outcome prediction after endovascular treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Comput Biol Med 2019; 115:103516. [PMID: 31707199 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.103516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Treatment selection is becoming increasingly more important in acute ischemic stroke patient care. Clinical variables and radiological image biomarkers (old age, pre-stroke mRS, NIHSS, occlusion location, ASPECTS, among others) have an important role in treatment selection and prognosis. Radiological biomarkers require expert annotation and are subject to inter-observer variability. Recently, Deep Learning has been introduced to reproduce these radiological image biomarkers. Instead of reproducing these biomarkers, in this work, we investigated Deep Learning techniques for building models to directly predict good reperfusion after endovascular treatment (EVT) and good functional outcome using CT angiography images. These models do not require image annotation and are fast to compute. We compare the Deep Learning models to Machine Learning models using traditional radiological image biomarkers. We explored Residual Neural Network (ResNet) architectures, adapted them with Structured Receptive Fields (RFNN) and auto-encoders (AE) for network weight initialization. We further included model visualization techniques to provide insight into the network's decision-making process. We applied the methods on the MR CLEAN Registry dataset with 1301 patients. The Deep Learning models outperformed the models using traditional radiological image biomarkers in three out of four cross-validation folds for functional outcome (average AUC of 0.71) and for all folds for reperfusion (average AUC of 0.65). Model visualization showed that the arteries were relevant features for functional outcome prediction. The best results were obtained for the ResNet models with RFNN. Auto-encoder initialization often improved the results. We concluded that, in our dataset, automated image analysis with Deep Learning methods outperforms radiological image biomarkers for stroke outcome prediction and has the potential to improve treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hilbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L A Ramos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - H J A van Os
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - S D Olabarriaga
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M L Tolhuisen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M J H Wermer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - R S Barros
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - I van der Schaaf
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - D Dippel
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Y B W E M Roos
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W H van Zwam
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - A J Yoo
- Neurointervention, Texas Stroke Institute, Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - B J Emmer
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - A H Zwinderman
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G J Strijkers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C B L M Majoie
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H A Marquering
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Rondon FCM, Bevilaqua CML, Franke CR, Barros RS, Oliveira FR, Alcântara AC, Diniz AT. Cross-sectional serological study of canine Leishmania infection in Fortaleza, Ceará state, Brazil. Vet Parasitol 2008; 155:24-31. [PMID: 18565676 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2008] [Revised: 04/17/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the most important reemerging parasitic disease in the world. The domestic dog is the main reservoir in urban environments. The aim of this work was to extend the knowledge on canine Leishmania infection in the city of Fortaleza in northeastern Brazil, identifying the risk factors inherent in dog susceptibility to the infection. Two populations were analyzed, domestic dogs from clinics and the Veterinary Hospital Unit of Ceará State University and stray dogs captured by the Center for Zoonosis Control in Fortaleza. Blood samples were collected and centrifuged and the sera were stored at -20 degrees C. ELISA, with soluble crude Leishmania chagasi antigens (LTCC - WDCM731) was used for diagnosis. A total of 1,381 samples were tested, 750 from domestic and 631 from stray dogs. The seroprevalence of canine VL was 21.4% (135/631) in stray dogs and 26.2% (197/750) in domestic dogs. The seroprevalence of Leishmania infection in the six administrative regions of the city (Secretarias Executivas Regionais, or SER) among stray dogs was highest in SER V, representing 31.4% of the cases, with large dogs more infected (27.7%). Among domestic dogs Leishmania infection was most prevalent in SER V (38.5%) and VI (37.6%). The dogs' age (1-6 years), large size, environment with dense vegetation and presence of clinical signs compatible with Leishmania infection were associated with the illness in domestic dogs. The frequency of the infection varied seasonally. The seroprevalence was greatest in July and December. These results confirm Fortaleza is an endemic area for canine VL and suggest some variables associated with increasing infection risk in dog populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C M Rondon
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brazil
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Abstract
Drug usage in a sample of 1,069 college students of São Paulo, Brazil, was investigated. The highest lifetime prevalence was reported for alcohol (82%) and tobacco (39%) followed by inhalants (28%), marijuana (26%), over-the-counter tranquilizers and stimulants (17%), and cocaine (10%). Current use is considerably smaller. Marijuana users were classified as having a "Stable," "Descending," and "Once" pattern of consumption frequency. These patterns were orderly related to sex, socioeconomic status, use of drugs, drug approval, and peer group. Drug usage appeared as predominantly social-recreational in this population, although the risk of misuse for "Stable" students should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Silva
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
Changes in frequency of marihuana smoking over time were investigated by interviewing forty-seven Brazilian students from São Paulo between 18 and 24 years old, of both sexes. From their report, it was concluded that the course of smoking frequency follows two predominant patterns. In one of them, the 'Stable Pattern', subjects report increasing consumption up to a peak frequency where they remain for a relatively long and stable period of time. In the other one, the 'Descending Pattern', subjects report a gradual increase up to a peak, followed by a clear decline in rate of use. Two other patterns were also detected in a small number of subjects. The diversity of patterns identified stresses the difficulty in predicting the course of marihuana smoking frequency by young people. The relationship between marihuana smoking and the use of other drugs was also investigated. The only drugs that were reported to be regularly consumed by the majority of subjects were alcohol and tobacco, while 90% of the subjects reported having tried at least one other illegal drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Silva
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Barros RS, Neill SJ. Periodicity of response to abscisic acid in lateral buds of willow (Salix viminalis L.). Planta 1986; 168:530-535. [PMID: 24232330 DOI: 10.1007/bf00392273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/1985] [Accepted: 05/01/1986] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Aseptically cultured lateral buds of Salix viminalis L. collected from field-grown trees exhibited a clear periodicity in their ability to respond to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA). Buds were kept unopened by ABA only when the plants were dormant or entering dormancy. Short days alone did not induce bud dormancy in potted plants but ABA treatment following exposure to an 8-h photoperiod prevented bud opening although ABA treatment of buds from long-day plants did not. Naturally dormant buds taken from shoots of field-grown trees and cultured in the presence of ABA opened following a chilling treatment. In no cases were the induction and breaking of dormancy and response to ABA correlated with endogenous ABA levels in the buds.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Barros
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, University College of Wales, SY23 3DA, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, UK
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Abstract
A series of growth room experiments was carried out aiming to establish the role of abscisic acid on dormancy of Salix viminalis L. The inhibitor content and abscisic acid levels of extracts from roots, sap, leaves, and apical tissues of willow were measured using biological assay and gas-liquid chromatography.No evidence was obtained that photoperiodically mediated dormancy is associated with changes in abscisic acid levels or beta-inhibitor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Alvim
- Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, CEPLAC, Caixa Postal 7, 45600 Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil
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