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Tanprasertsuk J, Scott TM, Barbey AK, Barger K, Wang XD, Johnson MA, Poon LW, Vishwanathan R, Matthan NR, Lichtenstein AH, Ferland G, Johnson EJ. Carotenoid-Rich Brain Nutrient Pattern Is Positively Correlated With Higher Cognition and Lower Depression in the Oldest Old With No Dementia. Front Nutr 2021; 8:704691. [PMID: 34268331 PMCID: PMC8275828 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.704691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Healthy dietary patterns are related to better cognitive health in aging populations. While levels of individual nutrients in neural tissues are individually associated with cognitive function, the investigation of nutrient patterns in human brain tissue has not been conducted. Methods: Brain tissues were acquired from frontal and temporal cortices of 47 centenarians from the Georgia Centenarian Study. Fat-soluble nutrients (carotenoids, vitamins A, E, K, and fatty acids [FA]) were measured and averaged from the two brain regions. Nutrient patterns were constructed using principal component analysis. Cognitive composite scores were constructed from cognitive assessment from the time point closest to death. Dementia status was rated by Global Deterioration Scale (GDS). Pearson's correlation coefficients between NP scores and cognitive composite scores were calculated controlling for sex, education, hypertension, diabetes, and APOE ε4 allele. Result: Among non-demented subjects (GDS = 1–3, n = 23), a nutrient pattern higher in carotenoids was consistently associated with better performance on global cognition (r = 0.38, p = 0.070), memory (r = 0.38, p = 0.073), language (r = 0.42, p = 0.046), and lower depression (r = −0.40, p = 0.090). The findings were confirmed with univariate analysis. Conclusion: Both multivariate and univariate analyses demonstrate that brain nutrient pattern explained mainly by carotenoid concentrations is correlated with cognitive function among subjects who had no dementia. Investigation of their synergistic roles on the prevention of age-related cognitive impairment remains to be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirayu Tanprasertsuk
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tammy M Scott
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aron K Barbey
- Department of Psychology, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Kathryn Barger
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mary Ann Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Leonard W Poon
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Rohini Vishwanathan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nirupa R Matthan
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.,Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.,Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth J Johnson
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
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Tanprasertsuk J, Scott TM, Johnson MA, Poon LW, Nelson PT, Davey A, Woodard JL, Vishwanathan R, Barbey AK, Barger K, Wang XD, Johnson EJ. Brain Α-Tocopherol Concentration is Inversely Associated with Neurofibrillary Tangle Counts in Brain Regions Affected in Earlier Braak Stages: A Cross-Sectional Finding in the Oldest Old. JAR Life 2021; 10:8-16. [PMID: 36923512 PMCID: PMC10002902 DOI: 10.14283/jarlife.2021.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Higher vitamin E status has been associated with lower risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, evidence of the association of vitamin E concentration in neural tissue with AD pathologies is limited. Design The cross-sectional relationship between the human brain concentrations of α- and γ-tocopherol and the severity of AD pathologies - neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) and neuritic plaque (NP) - was investigated. Setting & Participants Brains from 43 centenarians (≥ 98 years at death) enrolled in the Phase III of the Georgia Centenarian Study were collected at autopsy. Measurements Brain α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations (previously reported) were averaged from frontal, temporal, and occipital cortices. NP and NFT counts (previously reported) were assessed in frontal, temporal, parietal, entorhinal cortices, amygdala, hippocampus, and subiculum. NFT topological progression was assessed using Braak staging. Multiple linear regression was performed to assess the relationship between tocopherol concentrations and NP or NFT counts, with and without adjustment for covariates. Results Brain α-tocopherol concentrations were inversely associated with NFT but not NP counts in amygdala (β = -2.67, 95% CI [-4.57, -0.79]), entorhinal cortex (β = -2.01, 95% CI [-3.72, -0.30]), hippocampus (β = -2.23, 95% CI [-3.82, -0.64]), and subiculum (β = -2.52, 95% CI [-4.42, -0.62]) where NFT present earlier in its topological progression, but not in neocortices. Subjects with Braak III-IV had lower α-tocopherol (median = 69,622 pmol/g, IQR = 54,389-72,155 pmol/g) than those with Braak I-II (median = 72,108 pmol/g, IQR = 64,056-82,430 pmol/g), but the difference was of borderline significance (p = 0.063). γ-Tocopherol concentrations were not associated with either NFT or NP counts in any brain regions assessed. Conclusions Higher brain α-tocopherol level is specifically associated with lower NFT counts in brain structures affected in earlier Braak stages. Our findings emphasize the possible importance of α-tocopherol intervention timing in tauopathy progression and warrant future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tanprasertsuk
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, United States of America
| | - T M Scott
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, United States of America
| | - M A Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, United States of America
| | - L W Poon
- Institute of Gerontology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, United States of America
| | - P T Nelson
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, United States of America
| | - A Davey
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, United States of America
| | - J L Woodard
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, United States of America
| | - R Vishwanathan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, United States of America
| | - A K Barbey
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States of America
| | - K Barger
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, United States of America
| | - X-D Wang
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, United States of America
| | - E J Johnson
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, United States of America
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Tanprasertsuk J, Mohn ES, Matthan NR, Lichtenstein AH, Barger K, Vishwanathan R, Johnson MA, Poon LW, Johnson EJ. Serum Carotenoids, Tocopherols, Total n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, and n-6/n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio Reflect Brain Concentrations in a Cohort of Centenarians. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:306-314. [PMID: 29893813 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigating the role of nutrition on cognitive health is challenging. Human brain tissue is inaccessible in living humans and is often limited in deceased individuals. Therefore, biomarkers of brain nutrient levels are of interest. The objective of this study was to characterize the relationships between levels of fat-soluble nutrients in serum and matched brain tissues from the frontal and temporal cortices of participants in the Georgia Centenarian Study (n = 47). After adjusting for sex, race, cognitive status (Global Deterioration Scale), body mass index, and presence of hypertension and/or diabetes, there was a significant relationship (p < 0.05) between serum and brain levels of carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, β-carotene), α-, γ-tocopherols, total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. The relationship between serum and brain total n-6 PUFAs was inconsistent among the two brain regions. No significant relationship was identified between serum and brain retinol, total saturated fatty acid, total monounsaturated fatty acid, and trans-fatty acid levels. These findings suggest that serum carotenoids, tocopherols, total n-3 PUFAs, and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio reflect levels in brain and can be used as surrogate biomarkers in older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirayu Tanprasertsuk
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emily S Mohn
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nirupa R Matthan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kathryn Barger
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rohini Vishwanathan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary Ann Johnson
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Institute of Gerontology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Leonard W Poon
- Institute of Gerontology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Elizabeth J Johnson
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Tanprasertsuk EJ, Li B, Bernstein PS, Vishwanathan R, Johnson MA, Poon L, Johnson EJ. Correction: Relationship between Concentrations of Lutein and StARD3 among Pediatric and Geriatric Human Brain Tissue. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159877. [PMID: 27428522 PMCID: PMC4948763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Tanprasertsuk J, Li B, Bernstein PS, Vishwanathan R, Johnson MA, Poon L, Johnson EJ. Relationship between Concentrations of Lutein and StARD3 among Pediatric and Geriatric Human Brain Tissue. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155488. [PMID: 27205891 PMCID: PMC4874591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein, a dietary carotenoid, selectively accumulates in human retina and brain. While many epidemiological studies show evidence of a relationship between lutein status and cognitive health, lutein’s selective uptake in human brain tissue and its potential function in early neural development and cognitive health have been poorly evaluated at a molecular level. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cross-sectional relationship between concentrations of brain lutein and StARD3 (identified as its binding protein in retinal tissue) among three age groups: infants (1–4 months, n = 10), older adults (55–86 years, n = 8), and centenarians (98–105 years, n = 10). Brain lutein concentrations were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and StARD3 levels were analyzed by Western Blot analysis. The strong relationship in infant brains (r = 0.75, P < 0.001) suggests that lutein has a role in neural development. The relationship remained significant but weaker in older adults (r = 0.51, P < 0.05) and insignificant in centenarians (r = 0.08, P > 0.05), seven of whom had mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. These exploratory findings suggest an age-related decrease or abnormality of StARD3 activity in human brain. Given that StARD3 is also involved in cholesterol transportation, a process that is aberrant in neurodegenerative diseases, the potential protective function of lutein against these diseases remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirayu Tanprasertsuk
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition, Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, United States of America
| | - Binxing Li
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, United States of America
| | - Paul S. Bernstein
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, United States of America
| | - Rohini Vishwanathan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition, Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, United States of America
| | - Mary Ann Johnson
- Institute of Gerontology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, United States of America
| | - Leonard Poon
- Institute of Gerontology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth J. Johnson
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition, Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Johnson EJ, Tanprasertsuk J, Li B, Bernstein PS, Vishwanathan R, Johnson MA, Poon LW. Relationship between concentrations of lutein and StARD3 among pediatric and geriatric human brain tissue. FASEB J 2016. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.913.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Binxing Li
- Moran Eye CenterUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT
| | - Paul S Bernstein
- Moran Eye CenterUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT
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Panagos PG, Vishwanathan R, Penfield-Cyr A, Matthan NR, Shivappa N, Wirth MD, Hebert JR, Sen S. Breastmilk from obese mothers has pro-inflammatory properties and decreased neuroprotective factors. J Perinatol 2016; 36:284-90. [PMID: 26741571 PMCID: PMC4888773 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2015.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of maternal obesity on breastmilk composition. STUDY DESIGN Breastmilk and food records from 21 lean and 21 obese women who delivered full-term infants were analyzed at 2 months post-partum. Infant growth and adiposity were measured at birth and 2 months of age. RESULT Breastmilk from obese mothers had higher omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio and lower concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docasapentaenoic acid and lutein compared with lean mothers (P<0.05), which were strongly associated with maternal body mass index. Breastmilk saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid concentrations were positively associated with maternal dietary inflammation, as measured by dietary inflammatory index. There were no differences in infant growth measurements. CONCLUSION Breastmilk from obese mothers has a pro-inflammatory fatty acid profile and decreased concentrations of fatty acids and carotenoids that have been shown to have a critical role in early visual and neurodevelopment. Studies are needed to determine the link between these early-life influences and subsequent cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- PG Panagos
- The Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Vishwanathan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Penfield-Cyr
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - NR Matthan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA,Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - MD Wirth
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA,Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - JR Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA,Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - S Sen
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Berger S, Raman G, Vishwanathan R, Jacques PF, Johnson EJ. Dietary cholesterol and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 102:276-94. [PMID: 26109578 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary cholesterol has been suggested to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which has led to US recommendations to reduce cholesterol intake. OBJECTIVE The authors examine the effects of dietary cholesterol on CVD risk in healthy adults by using systematic review and meta-analysis. DESIGN MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, and Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau Abstracts databases were searched through December 2013 for prospective studies that quantified dietary cholesterol. Investigators independently screened citations and verified extracted data on study and participant characteristics, outcomes, and quality. Random-effect models meta-analysis was used when at least 3 studies reported the same CVD outcome. RESULTS Forty studies (17 cohorts in 19 publications with 361,923 subjects and 19 trials in 21 publications with 632 subjects) published between 1979 and 2013 were eligible for review. Dietary cholesterol was not statistically significantly associated with any coronary artery disease (4 cohorts; no summary RR), ischemic stroke (4 cohorts; summary RR: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.28), or hemorrhagic stroke (3 cohorts; summary RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.79, 1.50). Dietary cholesterol statistically significantly increased both serum total cholesterol (17 trials; net change: 11.2 mg/dL; 95% CI: 6.4, 15.9) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (14 trials; net change: 6.7 mg/dL; 95% CI: 1.7, 11.7 mg/dL). Increases in LDL cholesterol were no longer statistically significant when intervention doses exceeded 900 mg/d. Dietary cholesterol also statistically significantly increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (13 trials; net change: 3.2 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.9, 9.7 mg/dL) and the LDL to high-density lipoprotein ratio (5 trials; net change: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.0, 0.3). Dietary cholesterol did not statistically significantly change serum triglycerides or very-low-density lipoprotein concentrations. CONCLUSION Reviewed studies were heterogeneous and lacked the methodologic rigor to draw any conclusions regarding the effects of dietary cholesterol on CVD risk. Carefully adjusted and well-conducted cohort studies would be useful to identify the relative effects of dietary cholesterol on CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Berger
- Tufts Clinical Evidence Synthesis Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, and
| | - Gowri Raman
- Tufts Clinical Evidence Synthesis Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, and
| | - Rohini Vishwanathan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition, Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Paul F Jacques
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition, Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Elizabeth J Johnson
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition, Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Johnson
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMA02111United States
| | - Rohini Vishwanathan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMA02111United States
| | - Emily Mohn
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMA02111United States
| | - Jordan Haddock
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMA02111United States
| | - Helen Rasmussen
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMA02111United States
| | - Tammy Scott
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMA02111United States
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Scott T, Chen CO, Vishwanathan R, Mohn E, Roe A, Johnson E. Resistance of LDL against Oxidation is Related to Macular Pigment Density and Cognition in Healthy Older Adults. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.900.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Scott
- JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMAUnited States
| | - C‐Y Oliver Chen
- JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMAUnited States
| | - Rohini Vishwanathan
- JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMAUnited States
| | - Emily Mohn
- JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMAUnited States
| | - Annie Roe
- JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMAUnited States
| | - Elizabeth Johnson
- JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging Tufts UniversityBostonMAUnited States
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Berger S, Raman G, Vishwanathan R, Jacques P, Johnson E. Dietary cholesterol and heart health: a systematic review and meta‐analysis (267.6). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.267.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Berger
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center ON Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMAUnited States
| | - Gowri Raman
- Clinical Evidence Synthesis Center Tufts Medical CenterBOSTONMAUnited States
| | - Rohini Vishwanathan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center ON Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMAUnited States
| | - Paul Jacques
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center ON Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMAUnited States
| | - Elizabeth Johnson
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center ON Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMAUnited States
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Mohn E, Vishwanathan R, Lichtenstein A, Matthan N, Poon L, Johnson MA, Hausman D, Davey A, Green R, Gearing M, Woodard J, Nelson P, Miller L, Johnson E. Association between serum and brain fatty acid profiles in centenarians (821.2). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.821.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Adam Davey
- Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUnited States
| | | | | | | | | | - L Miller
- University of GeorgiaAthensGAUnited States
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14
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Vishwanathan R, Panagos P, Sen S. Breast milk carotenoid concentrations are decreased in obese mothers (645.5). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.645.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patoula Panagos
- Division of Newborn Medicine Tufts Medical CenterBOSTONMAUnited States
| | - Sarbattama Sen
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Mother Infant Research Institute Tufts Medical CenterBOSTONMAUnited States
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Vishwanathan R, Iannaccone A, Scott TM, Kritchevsky SB, Jennings BJ, Carboni G, Forma G, Satterfield S, Harris T, Johnson KC, Schalch W, Renzi LM, Rosano C, Johnson EJ. Macular pigment optical density is related to cognitive function in older people. Age Ageing 2014; 43:271-5. [PMID: 24435852 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/aft210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND the xanthophylls lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) exist in relatively high concentration in multiple central nervous tissues (e.g. cortex and neural retina). L + Z in macula (i.e. macular pigment, MP) are thought to serve multiple functions, including protection and improvement of visual performance. Also, L + Z in the macula are related to L + Z in the cortex. OBJECTIVE to determine whether macular pigment optical density (MPOD, L + Z in the macula) is related to cognitive function in older adults. METHODS participants were older adults (n = 108, 77.6 ± 2.7 years) sampled from the age-related maculopathy ancillary study of the Health Aging and Body Composition Study (Memphis, TN, USA). Serum carotenoids were measured using high performance liquid chromatography. MPOD was assessed using heterochromatic flicker photometry. Eight cognitive tests designed to evaluate several cognitive domains including memory and processing speed were administered. Partial correlation coefficients were computed to determine whether cognitive measures were related to serum L + Z and MPOD. RESULTS MPOD levels were significantly associated with better global cognition, verbal learning and fluency, recall, processing speed and perceptual speed, whereas serum L + Z was significantly related to only verbal fluency. CONCLUSION MPOD is related to cognitive function in older people. Its role as a potential biomarker of cognitive function deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Vishwanathan
- Carotenoids and Health Laboratory, Tufts University, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Vishwanathan R, Chung M, Johnson EJ. A systematic review on zinc for the prevention and treatment of age-related macular degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013; 54:3985-98. [PMID: 23652490 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.12-11552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this systematic review was to examine the evidence on zinc intake from foods and supplements in the primary prevention and treatment of AMD. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective cohort, retrospective cohort, and case-control studies that investigated zinc intake from foods and/or supplements, and AMD in men and women with a mean age of 50 years or older were included. Medline and Cochrane Central were searched from inception to February 2012 and November 2012, respectively. Data extraction and quality appraisal were done on all eligible studies. RESULTS TEN STUDIES WERE INCLUDED: four RCTs, four prospective cohort, and two retrospective cohort studies. Age-related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) showed zinc treatment to significantly reduce the risk of progression to advanced AMD. The risk of visual acuity loss was of similar magnitude, but not statistically significant. Two RCTs reported statistically significant increases in visual acuity in early AMD patients and one RCT showed no effect of zinc treatment on visual acuity in advanced AMD patients. Results from six cohort studies on associations between zinc intake and incidence of AMD were inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence on zinc intake for the prevention of AMD is inconclusive. Based on the strength of AREDS, we can conclude that zinc treatment may be effective in preventing progression to advanced AMD. Zinc supplementation alone may not be sufficient to produce clinically meaningful changes in visual acuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Vishwanathan
- Carotenoids and Health Lab, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Mohn E, Vishwanathan R, Lichtenstein AH, Matthan N, Hausman DB, Woodard JL, Davey A, Johnson MA, Poon LW, Green RC, Gearing M, Johnson EJ. The Relationship of Lutein and DHA in Cognitive Function. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.638.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Mohn
- Carotenoids & Health LaboratoryTufts UniversityBostonMA
| | | | | | - Nirupa Matthan
- Cardiovascular Nutrition LaboratoryTufts UniversityBostonMA
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Vishwanathan R, Berger S, Johnson EJ. Lutein and zeaxanthin for the prevention and treatment of age‐related macular degeneration (AMD): a systematic review and meta‐analysis. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.638.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vishwanathan R, Neuringer M, Snodderly DM, Schalch W, Johnson EJ. Macular lutein and zeaxanthin are related to brain lutein and zeaxanthin in primates. Nutr Neurosci 2012; 16:21-9. [PMID: 22780947 DOI: 10.1179/1476830512y.0000000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Xanthophyll pigments lutein and zeaxanthin cross the blood-retina barrier to preferentially accumulate in the macular region of the neural retina. There they form macular pigment, protecting the retina from blue light damage and oxidative stress. Lutein and zeaxanthin also accumulate in brain tissue. The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship between retinal and brain levels of these xanthophylls in non-human primates. METHODS Study animals included rhesus monkeys reared on diets devoid of xanthophylls that were subsequently fed pure lutein or pure zeaxanthin (both at 3.9 µmol/kg per day, n = 6/group) and normal rhesus monkeys fed a stock diet (0.26 µmol/kg per day lutein and 0.24 µmol/kg per day zeaxanthin, n = 5). Retina (4 mm macular punch, 4-8 mm annulus, and periphery) and brain tissue (cerebellum, frontal cortex, occipital cortex, and pons) from the same animals were analyzed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS Lutein in the macula and annulus was significantly related to lutein levels in the cerebellum, occipital cortex, and pons, both in bivariate analysis and after adjusting for age, sex and n-3 fatty acid status. In the frontal cortex the relationship was marginally significant. Macular zeaxanthin was significantly related to zeaxanthin in the cerebellum and frontal cortex, while the relationship was marginally significant in the occipital cortex and pons in a bivariate model. DISCUSSION An integrated measure of total macular pigment optical density, which can be measured non-invasively, has the potential to be used as a biomarker to assess brain lutein and zeaxanthin status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Vishwanathan
- Carotenoids and Health Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Roe AJ, Scott TM, Chen CYO, Vishwanathan R, Eggert EM, Schalch W, Wittwer J, Johnson EJ. Carotenoids and lipid peroxidation in human brains with and without Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.39.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vishwanathan R, Wittwer J, Schalch W, Johnson EJ. Relationship between brain lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) and retinal L and Z in humans. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.39.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Vishwanathan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMA
| | | | | | - Elizabeth J Johnson
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMA
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Wilson
- Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional SciencesUniv. of Massachusetts LowellLowellMA
| | - Robert Nicolosi
- Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional SciencesUniv. of Massachusetts LowellLowellMA
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Johnson EJ, Vishwanathan R, Scott TM, Schalch W, Wittwer J, Hausman DB, Davey A, Johnson MA, Green RC, Gearing M, Poon LW. Serum carotenoids as a biomarker for carotenoid concentrations in the brain. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.344.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Johnson EJ, Vishwanathan R, Schalch W, Poon L, Wittwer J, Johnson MA, Hausman D, Davey A, Green R, Gearing M, Woodard J, Nelson P, Miller LS, Scott TM. Brain levels of lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) are related to cognitive function in centenarians. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.975.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vishwanathan R, Goodrow-Kotyla EF, Wooten BR, Wilson TA, Nicolosi RJ. Consumption of 2 and 4 egg yolks/d for 5 wk increases macular pigment concentrations in older adults with low macular pigment taking cholesterol-lowering statins. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 90:1272-9. [PMID: 19759170 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lutein and zeaxanthin may reduce the risk of dry, age-related macular degeneration because of their photo-oxidative role as macular pigment. OBJECTIVE The present study evaluated serum lutein, zeaxanthin, and macular pigment optical density (MPOD) responses at 0.25 degrees , 0.5 degrees , and 1 degree retinal eccentricities to the consumption of 2 and 4 egg yolks/d by older adults taking cholesterol-lowering medications. DESIGN Subjects consumed foods containing 2 followed by 4 egg yolks/d for 5 wk each with a 4-wk egg-free period at baseline and between the 2 interventions. RESULTS Changes in MPOD (n = 37) with egg yolk consumption were inversely associated (P < 0.05) with baseline MPOD. Subjects with low-baseline MPOD (defined as MPOD < or =0.5 at 0.25 degrees , < or =0.4 at 0.5 degrees , and < or =0.35 at 1 degrees ) showed increases of < or =50% (P < 0.05) with 4 egg yolks at the 3 retinal eccentricities. MPOD increased by 31% (P = 0.059) at 0.5 degrees with 2 egg yolks. Serum lutein increased by only 16% and 24% (P < 0.05) compared with increases of 36% and 82% (P < 0.001) in serum zeaxanthin (n = 52) after consumption of 2 and 4 egg yolks, respectively. Serum HDL cholesterol increased by 5% (P < 0.05) after consumption of 2 and 4 egg yolks. Serum LDL cholesterol did not change with either egg yolk treatment. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of 4 egg yolks/d, and possibly of 2 egg yolks/d, for 5 wk benefited macular health in older adults with low MPOD. Serum HDL cholesterol increased without an increase in LDL cholesterol in this study population, most of whom were taking cholesterol-lowering statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Vishwanathan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, Center for Health and Disease Research, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854-5125, USA
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Wilson TA, Goodrow E, Houde S, Vishwanathan R, Scollin P, Handelman G, Nicolosi RJ. Consumption of one egg per day increases serum lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations in older adults without altering serum lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Wilson
- Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell3 Solomont Way, Suite 4LowellMA01854
| | - Elizabeth Goodrow
- Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell3 Solomont Way, Suite 4LowellMA01854
| | | | - Rohini Vishwanathan
- Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell3 Solomont Way, Suite 4LowellMA01854
| | - Patrick Scollin
- Community Health & SustainabilityUniversity of Massachusetts Lowell3 Solomont WayLowellMA01854
| | - Garry Handelman
- Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell3 Solomont Way, Suite 4LowellMA01854
| | - Robert J Nicolosi
- Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell3 Solomont Way, Suite 4LowellMA01854
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Goodrow EF, Vishwanathan R, Wilson T, Nicolosi R. C ‐ reactive protein (CRP) levels are not affected in participants consuming the equivalent of 2 and 4 egg yolks/day while on cholesterol‐lowering medication. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1088-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth F Goodrow
- Clinical Lab and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Massachuestts Lowell3 Solomont Way, Suite 4LowellMA01854
| | - Rohini Vishwanathan
- Clinical Lab and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Massachuestts Lowell3 Solomont Way, Suite 4LowellMA01854
| | - Thomas Wilson
- Clinical Lab and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Massachuestts Lowell3 Solomont Way, Suite 4LowellMA01854
| | - Robert Nicolosi
- Clinical Lab and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Massachuestts Lowell3 Solomont Way, Suite 4LowellMA01854
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Vishwanathan R, Goodrow E, Wilson T, Nicolosi R. Consumption of Menus Containing the Equivalent of Two and Four Egg Yolks in Older Adults on Cholesterol Lowering Medication is Associated with Significant Changes in Serum Lutein and Zeaxanthin Concentrations and Macular Pigment Optical Density (MPOD). FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1087-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas Wilson
- University of Massachusetts3, Solomont WayLowellMA01854
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Goodrow EF, Wilson TA, Houde SC, Vishwanathan R, Scollin PA, Handelman G, Nicolosi RJ. Consumption of one egg per day increases serum lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations in older adults without altering serum lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. J Nutr 2006; 136:2519-24. [PMID: 16988120 DOI: 10.1093/jn/136.10.2519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein and zeaxanthin accumulate in the macular pigment of the retina, and are reported to be associated with a reduced incidence of age-related macular degeneration. A rich source of lutein and zeaxanthin in the American diet is the yolk of chicken eggs. Thus, the objective of the study was to investigate the effect of consuming 1 egg/d for 5 wk on the serum concentrations of lutein, zeaxanthin, lipids, and lipoprotein cholesterol in individuals >60 y of age. In a randomized cross-over design, 33 men and women participated in the 18-wk study, which included one run-in and one washout period of no eggs prior to and between two 5-wk interventions of either consuming 1 egg or egg substitute/d. Serum lutein 26% (P < 0.001) and zeaxanthin 38% (P < 0.001) concentrations increased after 5-wk of 1 egg/d compared with the phase prior to consuming eggs. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides were not affected. These findings indicate that in older adults, 5 wk of consuming 1 egg/d significantly increases serum lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations without elevating serum lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth F Goodrow
- Center for Health and Disease Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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Vishwanathan R. Update on diagnostic techniques in lung cancer. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 1979; 21:105-7. [PMID: 521080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Vishwanathan R, Sainani GS, Mutalik GS. Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 1976; 18:36-42. [PMID: 1083832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Vishwanathan R. Medical aspects of aero-space flight. J Assoc Physicians India 1968; 16:95-112. [PMID: 5655070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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