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D'Amico D, Alter U, Laurin D, Ferland G, Fiocco AJ. Examining a Healthy Lifestyle as a Moderator of the Relationship between Psychological Distress and Cognitive Decline among Older Adults in the NuAge Study. Gerontology 2024; 70:418-428. [PMID: 38354710 DOI: 10.1159/000535978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to examine whether a healthy lifestyle composite score of social engagement, physical activity, and Mediterranean diet adherence moderates the association between psychological distress and global cognitive decline among cognitively healthy older adults (67+ years of age at baseline). METHODS A total of 1,272 cognitively intact older adults (Mage = 74.1 ± 4.1 years, 51.9% female) in the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge) completed a series of self-reported questionnaires to measure psychological distress and lifestyle behaviors, and the Modified Mini-Mental Examination (3MS) to assess cognitive performance at baseline and annually over 3 years. RESULTS Controlling for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, greater psychological distress was associated with steeper cognitive decline over time among males (B = -0.07, 95% CI: [-0.12, -0.02]), but not females (B = 0.008, 95% CI: [0.03, 0.04]). Although a healthy lifestyle composite score did not statistically significantly moderate the distress-cognition relationship (B = -0.005, 95% CI: [-0.02, 0.01]), there was an association between higher psychological distress and greater cognitive decline at low levels of social engagement (B = -0.05, 95% CI: [-0.09, -0.006]), but not at high levels of social engagement (B = 0.02, 95% CI: [-0.03, 0.07]). CONCLUSION This study suggests that the potentially harmful impact of stress on cognitive function may be malleable through specific healthy lifestyle behaviors and emphasizes the importance of taking a sex-based approach to cognitive aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle D'Amico
- Institute for Stress and Wellbeing Research, Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
| | - Udi Alter
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle Laurin
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, VITAM-Centre de recherche en santé durable, CIUSSS-Capitale Nationale and Institut sur le vieillissement et la participation sociale des aînés, Quebec, Québec, Canada
- Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Quebec, Québec, Canada
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval and Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF) de l'Université Laval, Quebec, Québec, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Fiocco
- Institute for Stress and Wellbeing Research, Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Trinca V, Anderson ND, Fiocco AJ, Ferland G, Laurin D, Keller HH. Nutrition risk and cognitive performance in community-living older adults without cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2023; 48:896-906. [PMID: 37590990 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Malnutrition is correlated with poor cognition; however, an understanding of the association between nutrition risk, which precedes malnutrition, and cognition is lacking. This study aimed to determine if nutrition risk measured with the SCREEN-8 tool is associated with cognitive performance among cognitively healthy adults aged 55+, after adjusting for demographic and lifestyle covariates. Sex- and age-stratified analyses were also explored. Baseline data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging was used. Cognition was determined using a 6-measure composite score based on four executive functions and two memory tasks, taking into account age, sex, and education. Multivariable linear regression was performed while adjusting for body mass index (BMI), lifestyle, and health covariates in the entire sample (n = 11 378) and then stratified by sex and age. Approximately half of participants were female (54.5%) aged 65+ (54.1%). Greater nutrition risk was associated with poorer cognitive performance in the entire sample (F[1, 11 368] = 5.36, p = 0.021) and among participants aged 55-64 (n = 5227; F[1, 5217] = 5.45, p = 0.020). Sex differences in lifestyle and health factors associated with cognition were apparent, but nutrition risk was not associated with cognition in sex-stratified models. Based on this analysis, there may be an association between nutrition risk and cognitive performance in older adults. When screening for either cognitive impairment or nutrition risk, complementary assessments for these conditions is warranted, as early intervention may provide benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Trinca
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole D Anderson
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Psychology & Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Fiocco
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Danielle Laurin
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, VITAM-Centre de recherche en santé durable, CIUSSS-Capitale Nationale and Institut sur le vieillissement et la participation sociale des aînés, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval and Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF) de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Heather H Keller
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Koblinsky ND, Carmichael PH, Belleville S, Fiocco AJ, Gaudreau P, Greenwood CE, Kergoat MJ, Morais JA, Presse N, Laurin D, Ferland G. Associations between circulating cardiovascular disease risk factors and cognitive performance in cognitively healthy older adults from the NuAge study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1274794. [PMID: 38020779 PMCID: PMC10668121 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1274794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVRFs) contribute to the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. Methods This study examined the associations between circulating CVRF biomarkers and cognition in 386 cognitively healthy older adults (mean age = 78 ± 4 years, 53% females) selected from the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge). Memory, executive function, and processing speed were assessed at baseline and 2-year follow-up. CVRF biomarkers included total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, glucose, insulin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), homocysteine, protein carbonyls, and cortisol. Linear mixed models were used to determine associations between individual CVRF biomarkers and cognition at both time points. Results HDL-C was most consistently associated with cognition with higher values related to better performance across several domains. Overall, stronger and more consistent relationships between CVRF biomarkers and cognition were observed in females relative to males. Discussion Findings suggest that increases in the majority of circulating CVRFs are not associated with worse cognition in cognitively healthy older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah D. Koblinsky
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pierre-Hugues Carmichael
- Center d’excellence sur le Vieillissement de Québec, Center de Recherche du Center Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval and VITAM-Center de Recherche en Santé Durable, Center Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CIUSSS) de la Capitale Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Center de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Center-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandra J. Fiocco
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Center de Recherche du Center Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal and Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carol E. Greenwood
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - José A. Morais
- Division of Geriatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nancy Presse
- Center de Recherche du Center Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal and Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Center de Recherche sur le Vieillissement du CIUSSS de l’Estrie-Center Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Danielle Laurin
- Center d’excellence sur le Vieillissement de Québec, Center de Recherche du Center Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval and VITAM-Center de Recherche en Santé Durable, Center Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CIUSSS) de la Capitale Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Institut sur le Vieillissement et la Participation Sociale des Aînés and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Montreal, ON, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, and Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Bergeron C, Potter KJ, Boudreau V, Ouliass B, Bonhoure A, Lacombe J, Mailhot M, Lavoie A, Ferron M, Ferland G, Rabasa-Lhoret R. Low vitamin K status in adults with cystic fibrosis is associated with reduced body mass index, insulin secretion, and increased pseudomonal colonization. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2023; 48:321-330. [PMID: 36680800 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2022-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at high risk of fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies, even with supplementation. The contribution of a suboptimal vitamin K status to respiratory and endocrine pathophysiology in CF has been inadequately characterized. This is a cross-sectional study in adult CF patients (≥18 years old) from the Montreal Cystic Fibrosis Cohort. Vitamin K1 (VK1) was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography, using fasted serum samples collected during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT: 2 h with plasma glucose and insulin every 30 min) (n = 168). Patients were categorized according to VK1 status (suboptimal defined as <0.30 nmol/L). Suboptimal VK1 levels were observed in 66% of patients. Patients with a suboptimal VK1 status have a higher risk of colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p = 0.001), have lower body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.003), and were more likely to have exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (p = 0.002). Using an established threshold for VK1, we did show significantly reduced OGTT-derived measures of insulin secretion in patients with a VK1 status below 0.30 nmol/L (first- and second-phase area under the curve (AUC)INS/GLU (p = 0.002 and p = 0.006), AUCINS (p = 0.012) and AUCINS/GLU (p = 0.004)). Subclinical vitamin K deficiency is more common than other fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies in patients with CF. We demonstrate an association between a suboptimal VK1 status and measures of insulin secretion. We highlight the potential associations of mild vitamin K deficiency with pseudomonal colonization and lower BMI, although these need to be validated in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Bergeron
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kathryn J Potter
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Boudreau
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Anne Bonhoure
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Lacombe
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marjolaine Mailhot
- Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Annick Lavoie
- Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Ferron
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rémi Rabasa-Lhoret
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Koblinsky ND, Power KA, Middleton L, Ferland G, Anderson ND. The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Diet and Exercise Effects on Cognition: A Review of the Intervention Literature. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 78:195-205. [PMID: 35977540 PMCID: PMC9951060 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in the gut-brain axis and its implications for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, is growing. Microbial imbalances in the gastrointestinal tract, which are associated with impaired cognition, may represent a therapeutic target for lowering dementia risk. Multicomponent lifestyle interventions are a promising dementia risk reduction strategy and most often include diet and exercise, behaviors that are also known to modulate the gut microbiome. A better understanding of the role of the gut microbiome in diet and exercise effects on cognition may help to optimize these lifestyle interventions. The purpose of this review is to summarize findings from diet and exercise interventions that have investigated cognitive changes via effects on the microbiome. We aim to discuss the underlying mechanisms, highlight current gaps in the field, and provide new research directions. There is evidence mainly from rodent studies supporting the notion that microbiota changes mediate the effects of diet and exercise on cognition, with potential mechanisms including end-product metabolites and regulation of local and systemic inflammation. The field lacks whole diet and exercise interventions, especially those involving human participants. It is further limited by heterogeneous rodent models, outcome assessments, and the absence of proper mediation analyses. Trials including older adults with dementia risk factors, factorial designs of diet and exercise, and pre and post measures of microbiota, end-product metabolites, and inflammation would help to elucidate and potentially leverage the role of the microbiome in lowering dementia risk through lifestyle modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah D Koblinsky
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krista A Power
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Middleton
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole D Anderson
- Address correspondence to: Nicole D. Anderson, PhD, CPsych, Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, 3560 Bathurst St., M6A 2E1 Toronto, ON, Canada. E-mail:
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Panahi S, Jones W, Duncan AM, Ferland G, Keller HH, Grantham A, House JD. Guidance and perspectives on highly processed foods. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:1038-1044. [PMID: 35926234 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2022-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Guidance from Health Canada to limit highly processed foods (HPF) seeks to ensure that Canadians remain within intake recommendations for nutrients of concern. However, HPF can contribute to dietary requirements of specific populations. The Canadian Nutrition Society and Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutritional Sciences convened speakers for a Food for Health workshop in 2021 to provide evidence and perspectives from government, industry, and healthcare on reasons for advocating limits and potential unintended consequences of limiting HPF, and implications and necessity of HPF in clinical settings. This paper discusses advantages and disadvantages of HPF explored at this workshop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Panahi
- Laval University, 4440, 2300 rue de la Terrasse, PEPS, Quebec, Quebec, Canada;
| | - Wendelyn Jones
- Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Washington, D.C., United States;
| | | | - Guylaine Ferland
- Université de Montréal, 5622, Département de Nutrition, Montréal, Quebec, Canada;
| | | | | | - James D House
- University of Manitoba, Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;
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Duchaine CS, Fiocco AJ, Carmichael PH, Cunnane SC, Plourde M, Lampuré A, Allès B, Belleville S, Gaudreau P, Presse N, Ferland G, Laurin D. Serum ω-3 Fatty Acids and Cognitive Domains in Community-Dwelling Older Adults from the NuAge Study: Exploring the Associations with Other Fatty Acids and Sex. J Nutr 2022; 152:2117-2124. [PMID: 35575619 PMCID: PMC9445853 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs are suggested to play a role in the prevention of cognitive decline. The evidence may be inconsistent due to methodologic issues, including interrelations with other long-chain (14 or more carbons) fatty acids (LCFAs) and use of sex as a confounding factor rather than an effect modifier. OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the association between serum n-3 PUFAs and performance across 4 cognitive domains, overall and by sex, while controlling for other LCFAs. METHODS In total, 386 healthy older adults (aged 77.4 ± 3.8 y; 53% females) from the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging underwent a cognitive evaluation and blood sampling. Verbal and nonverbal episodic memory, executive functioning, and processing speed were evaluated. Serum LCFA concentrations were measured by gas chromatography. LCFAs were grouped according to standard fatty acid classes and factor analysis using principal component analysis (FA-PCA). Multivariate linear regression models were performed, including unadjusted and adjusted models for other LCFAs. RESULTS Higher n-3 PUFA concentrations were associated with better nonverbal memory and processing speed in fully adjusted models not including other LCFAs (βs of 0.21 and 0.19, respectively). The magnitude of these associations varied when other LCFAs were entered in the model (βs of 0.27 and 0.32, respectively) or when FA-PCA factors were considered (βs of 0.27 and 0.21, respectively). Associations with verbal episodic memory were limited to higher concentrations of EPA, whereas there was no association between n-3 PUFAs and executive functioning. Higher n-3 PUFAs were associated with better verbal and nonverbal episodic memory in females and with better executive functioning and processing speed in males. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that other LCFAs should be considered when evaluating the association between n-3 PUFAs and cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Sex differences across cognitive domains warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S Duchaine
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, VITAM-Centre de recherche en santé durable, CIUSSS-Capitale Nationale and Institut sur le vieillissement et la participation sociale des aînés, Quebec, Canada,Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Fiocco
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Stephen C Cunnane
- Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement du CIUSSS-de-l'Estrie-CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Plourde
- Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement du CIUSSS-de-l'Estrie-CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aurélie Lampuré
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center and Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Benjamin Allès
- Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie nutritionnelle, UMR U1153 Inserm/U1125 INRAE/Cnam/Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UFR SMBH, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center and Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nancy Presse
- Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement du CIUSSS-de-l'Estrie-CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Koblinsky ND, Anderson ND, Ajwani F, Parrott MD, Dawson D, Marzolini S, Oh P, MacIntosh B, Middleton L, Ferland G, Greenwood CE. Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the LEAD trial: a cluster randomized controlled lifestyle intervention to improve hippocampal volume in older adults at-risk for dementia. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:37. [PMID: 35139918 PMCID: PMC8826667 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-00977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy diet and exercise are associated with reduced risk of dementia in older adults. The impact of diet and exercise interventions on brain health is less consistent, especially with dietary interventions which rely on varying approaches. Our objective was to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 6-month intervention combining exercise with a novel dietary counseling approach to improve hippocampal volume among older adults at-risk for dementia. METHODS Participants with vascular risk factors and subjective cognitive decline or early mild cognitive impairment were cluster randomized in groups of 3-4 to the diet intervention (DIET) or control education (ED) group. All participants engaged in 1 h of supervised exercise per week and additional exercise at home. DIET involved 1 h per week of group-based dietary counseling comprising education, goal setting, and strategy training. ED involved 1 h per week of group-based brain health education classes. Our primary outcome was change in hippocampal volume from baseline to 6 months. Secondary outcomes included changes in cognitive function, blood biomarkers, diet, and fitness. Recruitment challenges and early discontinuation of the trial due to COVID-19 necessitated a revised focus on feasibility and preliminary efficacy. RESULTS Of 190 older adults contacted, 14 (7%) were eligible and enrolled, constituting 21% of our recruitment target. All participants completed the intervention and attended 90% of exercise and DIET/ED sessions on average. All 6-month assessments prior to COVID-19 were completed but disruptions to in-person testing resulted in incomplete data collection. No serious adverse events occurred and all participants expressed positive feedback about the study. Preliminary findings did not identify any significant changes in hippocampal volume; however, substantial improvements in diet and HbA1c were observed with DIET compared to ED (d = 1.75 and 1.07, respectively). CONCLUSIONS High adherence and retention rates were observed among participants and preliminary findings illustrate improvements in diet quality and HbA1c. These results indicate that a larger trial is feasible if difficulties surrounding recruitment can be mitigated. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03056508 .
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Affiliation(s)
- N D Koblinsky
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Canada
| | - N D Anderson
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Canada.
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - F Ajwani
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Canada
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - the University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - M D Parrott
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - D Dawson
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Occupational Sciences and Occupational Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Marzolini
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - the University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - P Oh
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - the University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - B MacIntosh
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - G Ferland
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - C E Greenwood
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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9
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Duchaine C, Carmichael PH, Presse N, Fiocco A, Gaudreau P, Ferland G, Laurin D. Plasma Long Chain Fatty Acids and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Comparison of Statistical Analyses. Innov Aging 2021. [PMCID: PMC8679292 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igab046.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) have been suggested as modifiable protective factors for cognitive decline because of their neuroprotective properties. However, the evidence is still inconsistent regarding types of omega-3 FAs, and the probable interrelation with other circulating long chain FAs (LCFAs). This study aimed to evaluate associations between 14 plasma LCFAs and four cognitive domains using a principal component analysis (PCA) and to compare results with those obtained using standard methods. A group of 386 healthy older adults aged 77 ± 4 years (53% women), selected from the NutCog Study, a sub-study from the Québec cohort on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge), underwent a cognitive evaluation and fasting blood sampling. Verbal and non-verbal episodic memory, executive functioning, and processing speed were evaluated using validated tests. LCFAs circulating concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography using published procedures. Linear regressions adjusted for age, sex, education, and BMI were used to evaluate cross-sectional associations between LCFAs, using PCA or a more standard grouping (omega-3, omega-6, monounsaturated, and saturated LCFAs), and cognitive performance. Higher scoring on the omega-3 PCA factor and higher concentrations of total omega-3 FAs were both associated with better episodic non-verbal memory and processing speed. Higher eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA omega-3) was also associated with these two cognitive domains and with episodic verbal memory. The associations with total omega-3 FAs taken separately were of smaller magnitude than those with PCA. These results suggest that omega-3 FAs should be considered in combination with other LCFAs when evaluating the association with cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre-Hugues Carmichael
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nancy Presse
- Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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10
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Lussier I, Guillemont J, Bacon SL, Boivin M, Ferland G, Lavoie K, Paré G, Belleville S. Multidomain interventions for dementia risk reduction: Can we detect a change in the signal? Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.053914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guylaine Ferland
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
| | - Kim Lavoie
- University of Quebec at Montreal Montréal QC Canada
| | | | - Sylvie Belleville
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
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11
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Tanprasertsuk J, Scott TM, Barbey AK, Barger K, Wang XD, Johnson MA, Poon LW, Vishwanathan R, Matthan NR, Lichtenstein AH, Ferland G, Johnson EJ. Carotenoid-Rich Brain Nutrient Pattern Is Positively Correlated With Higher Cognition and Lower Depression in the Oldest Old With No Dementia. Front Nutr 2021; 8:704691. [PMID: 34268331 PMCID: PMC8275828 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.704691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Healthy dietary patterns are related to better cognitive health in aging populations. While levels of individual nutrients in neural tissues are individually associated with cognitive function, the investigation of nutrient patterns in human brain tissue has not been conducted. Methods: Brain tissues were acquired from frontal and temporal cortices of 47 centenarians from the Georgia Centenarian Study. Fat-soluble nutrients (carotenoids, vitamins A, E, K, and fatty acids [FA]) were measured and averaged from the two brain regions. Nutrient patterns were constructed using principal component analysis. Cognitive composite scores were constructed from cognitive assessment from the time point closest to death. Dementia status was rated by Global Deterioration Scale (GDS). Pearson's correlation coefficients between NP scores and cognitive composite scores were calculated controlling for sex, education, hypertension, diabetes, and APOE ε4 allele. Result: Among non-demented subjects (GDS = 1–3, n = 23), a nutrient pattern higher in carotenoids was consistently associated with better performance on global cognition (r = 0.38, p = 0.070), memory (r = 0.38, p = 0.073), language (r = 0.42, p = 0.046), and lower depression (r = −0.40, p = 0.090). The findings were confirmed with univariate analysis. Conclusion: Both multivariate and univariate analyses demonstrate that brain nutrient pattern explained mainly by carotenoid concentrations is correlated with cognitive function among subjects who had no dementia. Investigation of their synergistic roles on the prevention of age-related cognitive impairment remains to be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirayu Tanprasertsuk
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tammy M Scott
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aron K Barbey
- Department of Psychology, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Kathryn Barger
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mary Ann Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Leonard W Poon
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Rohini Vishwanathan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nirupa R Matthan
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.,Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.,Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth J Johnson
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
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12
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Tessier AJ, Presse N, Rahme E, Ferland G, Bherer L, Chevalier S. Milk, yogurt and cheese intake is positively associated with cognitive executive functions in older adults of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:2223-2231. [PMID: 34115853 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dairy products provide essential nutrients such as calcium, vitamins B12 and D, and include bioactive peptides and fermented products, which may be beneficial for cognition, especially in older adults. Yet, few studies of large contemporary cohorts have investigated this relationship using sensitive domain-specific cognitive tests. METHODS In community-dwelling older adults of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (2011-2015), we examined cross-sectional associations between total and specific dairy product intake and performance in three cognitive domains (executive functions, memory, psychomotor speed). Cheese, milk, yogurt, regular-fat, low-fat and fermented dairy product intake frequencies were estimated using a food frequency questionnaire; participants were classified into quartiles. MANCOVA models were applied to estimate differences. RESULTS In 7,945 participants (65-86 y, 49% women, 97% Caucasian), the mean dairy product intake was 1.9 (1.1) times/d. Total dairy product, cheese and low-fat dairy product intake were positively associated with the executive function domain and yogurt intake with the memory domain (all p<0.05), independently of important covariates including age, gender, education and diet quality. Intakes of total dairy product, cheese and low-fat dairy were associated with verbal fluency specifically (all p<0.05). Participants with a dairy product intake > 2.5 times/d had a higher score compared to those consuming less. No associations were found with psychomotor speed. CONCLUSIONS This large cohort study suggests a specific role for dairy components in executive function phonemic verbal fluency and memory. Dairy product intake, a modifiable factor, may be targeted in cognitive health-promoting interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Julie Tessier
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Dr, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3L9, QC, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, H4A 3J1, QC, Canada
| | - Nancy Presse
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 Ave N Immeuble X1, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement, CIUSSS-de-l'Estrie-CHUS, 300 Rue King E, Sherbrooke, J1G 1B1, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS-du-Centre-sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary Rd, Montreal, H3W 1W5, QC, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 5252 de Maisonneuve Blvd, Montréal, H4A 3S5, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, H3A 0G4, QC, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, 2405 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine Montréal, H3T 1A8, QC, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Rue Bélanger, Montréal, H1T 1C8, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS-du-Centre-sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary Rd, Montreal, H3W 1W5, QC, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Rue Bélanger, Montréal, H1T 1C8, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, 2900 boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, H3T 1J4, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Chevalier
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Dr, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3L9, QC, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, H4A 3J1, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, H3A 0G4, QC, Canada
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13
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Ferland G, Djennadi C, Ouliass B. Differential Impact of Dietary Vitamin K (phylloquinone) on Coagulation Factor Activities and Clotting Times in Warfarin-Treated Rats. Curr Dev Nutr 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab059_011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Investigate the impact of variable vitamin K (VK) intakes on the coagulation activities of four VK-dependent factors and clotting times, in warfarin-treated rats.
Methods
Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to a AIN-93 based diet containing low (L: 80 mcg/kg/d), adequate (A: 750 mcg/kg/d) or enriched (E: 2000 mcg/kg/d) phylloquinone (K1) containing diet (n = 24/diet group). After one week, half the animals from each diet group were randomly allocated to receive 0.2 mg warfarin/kg/d through drinking water (W gp) or plain water (C gp), for 10 weeks. Coagulation activity (%) was assessed for factors II, VII, IX and X, and clotting times were based on prothrombin [PT (sec)] and activated thromboplastin times [APTT (sec)]. Measures were obtained at the end of the study and were conducted in the hospital clinical laboratory using standard procedures. Diet effects within C and W groups were investigated using one-way ANOVA and uncorrected Fisher post-hoc tests.
Results
Warfarin treatment resulted in significantly higher clotting times (PT and APTT) in all diet groups when compared to corresponding C groups (p < 0.05), the highest increase being observed in the L, followed by A and E groups, each diet being statistically different from each other (p < 0.01). Warfarin treatment also resulted in statistically significant decreases in activities of all coagulation factors although the impact of the diets varied according to factors: FVII and FX, between L and E groups only; FIX, between L and A, and L and E groups; FII, between all diet groups; (p < 0.05 in all cases).
Conclusions
Results from this study confirm the impact of dietary VK on coagulation factor activities and resulting clotting times, and suggest that for a given dose of W, this impact will depend on VK intake levels. Currently, individuals undergoing warfarin treatment are advised to aim for stable daily VK intakes. Results from this study provide data supporting this recommendation.
Funding Sources
This study was funded by CIHR and MHI Foundation.
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14
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Shea MK, Berkner KL, Ferland G, Fu X, Holden RM, Booth SL. Perspective: Evidence before Enthusiasm-A Critical Review of the Potential Cardiovascular Benefits of Vitamin K. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:632-646. [PMID: 33684212 PMCID: PMC8166540 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A protective role for vitamin K in cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, has been proposed because vitamin K-dependent proteins, such as matrix Gla (γ-carboxyglutamic acid) protein (MGP), are present in vascular tissue. MGP functions as a vascular calcification inhibitor-but only when it is carboxylated, which requires vitamin K. There is more than one naturally occurring form of vitamin K. Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) is found in plant-based foods, whereas menaquinones (vitamin K2) are a class of vitamin K compounds found in animal-based and fermented foods. Phylloquinone and menaquinones are capable of carboxylating MGP and other vitamin K-dependent proteins. In rodent models, high intakes of either phylloquinone or menaquinone reduced vascular calcification. Evidence of the relative importance of phylloquinone and menaquinone to CVD in humans is limited and controversial. In some observational studies, higher dietary menaquinone intake, but not phylloquinone intake, was associated with less coronary artery calcification (a subclinical manifestation of CVD) and a lower risk for clinical CVD events. These findings have led to claims that menaquinones have unique cardiovascular health benefits compared with phylloquinone. However, this claim is not supported by the results of the limited number of intervention trials conducted to date. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the strengths and limitations of the available evidence regarding the role of vitamin K in vascular calcification, CVD, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathleen L Berkner
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at CWRU, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Tufts University USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel M Holden
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah L Booth
- Tufts University USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Duque G, Al Saedi A, Rivas D, Miard S, Ferland G, Picard F, Gaudreau P. Differential Effects of Long-Term Caloric Restriction and Dietary Protein Source on Bone and Marrow Fat of the Aging Rat. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:2031-2036. [PMID: 32298404 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to be beneficial to various tissues and organs. In contrast, CR exerts differential effects on bone, which could be due in part to the nature of the protein regime utilized. Male Sprague Dawley rats (8-month-old) were subjected for 12 months to 40% CR in macronutrients and compared with rats fed ad libitum for the same period. Casein- and soy-fed groups were compared. There was a significant decrease in bone quality in both CR groups, which was independent of the source of protein in the diet. In contrast, the group fed soy protein ad libitum showed better bone quality and higher levels of bone formation compared with casein-fed animals. Notably, bone marrow adipocytes were not mobilized upon CR as demonstrated by an absence of change in adipocyte number and tissue expression of leptin. This study demonstrates that the negative effect of CR on bone quality could not be prevented by the most common protein regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Duque
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, Australia.,Department of Medicine-Western Health, University of Melbourne, St. Albans, Australia
| | - Ahmed Al Saedi
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, Australia.,Department of Medicine-Western Health, University of Melbourne, St. Albans, Australia
| | - Daniel Rivas
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Guylaine Ferland
- Département de nutrition, Faculté de médecine de l'Université de Montréal (UdeM), Canada.,Centre de recherche de l'Institut de cardiologie de Montréal, Canada
| | - Frederic Picard
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Département de médecine, UdeM, Montreal, Canada.,Laboratoire de Neuroendocrinologie du vieillissement, Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'UdeM, Montréal, Canada
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16
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Parrott MD, Carmichael PH, Laurin D, Greenwood CE, Anderson ND, Ferland G, Gaudreau P, Belleville S, Morais JA, Kergoat MJ, Fiocco AJ. The Association Between Dietary Pattern Adherence, Cognitive Stimulating Lifestyle, and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults From the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 76:444-450. [PMID: 33063101 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined the effect of dietary patterns and engagement in cognitive stimulating lifestyle (CSL) behaviors on the trajectory of global cognition, executive function (EF), and verbal episodic memory (VEM). METHODS Western and prudent dietary patterns were empirically derived using food frequency questionnaire responses from 350 community-dwelling older adults (mean age: 73.7 years) participating in the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging. CSL was represented by a binary composite indicator based on education, occupational complexity, and social engagement. Global cognition, EF, and VEM were assessed prospectively. RESULTS Primary effect models revealed an association between higher Western dietary pattern score and a greater rate of decline in global cognition and EF. Higher Western dietary pattern adherence was also associated with poorer baseline VEM. Primary effect models also revealed that CSL was independently associated with baseline global cognition and EF. Effect modification models suggested an interactive effect between Western dietary pattern and CLS on global cognition only. No associations were found for prudent dietary pattern score. DISCUSSION Contributing to existing research supporting the negative impact of consuming an unhealthy diet on cognitive function, the current study suggests increased vulnerability among older adults who do not engage in a CSL. These findings can inform the development of lifestyle intervention programs that target brain health in later adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre-Hugues Carmichael
- Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche sur les soins et les services de première ligne de l'Université Laval, Canada
| | - Danielle Laurin
- Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche sur les soins et les services de première ligne de l'Université Laval, Canada
| | - Carol E Greenwood
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole D Anderson
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Département de nutrition, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - José A Morais
- School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Jeanne Kergoat
- Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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17
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Belleville S, Nygaard HB, Bherer L, Camicioli R, Carrier J, Anderson ND, Dang‐Vu TT, Dwosh E, Ferland G, Harris E, Laurin D, Liu‐Ambrose T, Madlensky L, Miller L, Montero‐Odasso M, Phillips N, Pichora‐Fuller MK, Robillard J, Smith EE, Speechley MR, Wittich W, Chertkow H, Feldman HH. The Brain Health Support Program: A web‐based interactive platform to increase dementia literacy and awareness regarding lifestyle factors in at‐risk individuals. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.042603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Belleville
- Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
| | - Haakon B Nygaard
- University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
- UBC Hospital Clinic for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
| | | | - Julie Carrier
- Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
| | - Nicole D Anderson
- Baycrest and Rotman Research Institute Toronto ON Canada
- University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Thien Thanh Dang‐Vu
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
- Concordia University Montréal QC Canada
| | - Emily Dwosh
- University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
- UBC Hospital Clinic for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
| | - Elaine Harris
- Baycrest and Rotman Research Institute Toronto ON Canada
| | - Danielle Laurin
- Centre d'Excellence sur le Vieillissement de Québec Québec QC Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Québec QC Canada
| | - Teresa Liu‐Ambrose
- University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Lisa Madlensky
- Moores Cancer Center San Diego CA USA
- University of California San Diego CA USA
| | - Lesley Miller
- Baycrest and Rotman Research Institute Toronto ON Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Howard Chertkow
- Baycrest and Rotman Research Institute Toronto ON Canada
- University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Howard H Feldman
- University of California San Diego CA USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study San Diego CA USA
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18
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Muhire G, Iulita MF, Vallerand D, Youwakim J, Gratuze M, Petry FR, Planel E, Ferland G, Girouard H. Arterial Stiffness Due to Carotid Calcification Disrupts Cerebral Blood Flow Regulation and Leads to Cognitive Deficits. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 8:e011630. [PMID: 31057061 PMCID: PMC6512142 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.011630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Arterial stiffness is associated with cognitive decline and dementia; however, the precise mechanisms by which it affects the brain remain unclear. Methods and Results Using a mouse model based on carotid calcification this study characterized mechanisms that could contribute to brain degeneration due to arterial stiffness. At 2 weeks postcalcification, carotid stiffness attenuated resting cerebral blood flow in several brain regions including the perirhinal/entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus, determined by autoradiography (P<0.05). Carotid calcification impaired cerebral autoregulation and diminished cerebral blood flow responses to neuronal activity and to acetylcholine, examined by laser Doppler flowmetry (P<0.05, P<0.01). Carotid stiffness significantly affected spatial memory at 3 weeks (P<0.05), but not at 2 weeks, suggesting that cerebrovascular impairments precede cognitive dysfunction. In line with the endothelial deficits, carotid stiffness led to increased blood‐brain barrier permeability in the hippocampus (P<0.01). This region also exhibited reductions in vessel number containing collagen IV (P<0.01), as did the somatosensory cortex (P<0.05). No evidence of cerebral microhemorrhages was present. Carotid stiffness did not affect the production of mouse amyloid‐β (Aβ) or tau phosphorylation, although it led to a modest increase in the Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio in frontal cortex (P<0.01). Conclusions These findings suggest that carotid stiffness alters brain microcirculation and increases blood‐brain barrier permeability associated with cognitive impairments. Therefore, arterial stiffness should be considered a relevant target to protect the brain and prevent cognitive dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gervais Muhire
- 1 Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie Université de Montréal Québec Canada
| | - M Florencia Iulita
- 2 Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,3 Département de Neurosciences Université de Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Diane Vallerand
- 1 Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie Université de Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Jessica Youwakim
- 1 Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie Université de Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Maud Gratuze
- 4 Département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences Université Laval Québec Québec Canada
| | - Franck R Petry
- 4 Département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences Université Laval Québec Québec Canada
| | - Emmanuel Planel
- 4 Département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences Université Laval Québec Québec Canada.,5 Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec Québec Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- 6 Département de Nutrition Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,7 Centre de Recherche de l'Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Hélène Girouard
- 1 Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,2 Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central Université de Montréal Québec Canada.,8 Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
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19
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Al Saedi A, Chen L, Phu S, Vogrin S, Miao D, Ferland G, Gaudreau P, Duque G. Age-Related Increases in Marrow Fat Volumes have Regional Impacts on Bone Cell Numbers and Structure. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 107:126-134. [PMID: 32356017 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The increasing levels of bone marrow fat evident in aging and osteoporosis are associated with low bone mass and attributed to reduced osteoblastogenesis. Local lipotoxicity has been proposed as the primary mechanism driving this reduction in bone formation. However, no studies have examined the correlation between high levels of marrow fat volumes and changes in local cellularity. In this study, we hypothesize that areas of bone marrow with high fat volumes are associated with significant changes in cell number within a similar region of interest (ROI). Inbred albino Louvain (LOU) rats, originating from the Wistar strain, have been described as a model of healthy aging with the absence of obesity but expressing the typical features of age-related bone loss. We compared local changes in distal femur cellularity and structure in specific ROI of undecalcified bone sections from 4- and 20-month-old male and female LOU rats and Wistar controls. Our results confirmed that older LOU rats exhibited significantly higher fat volumes than Wistar rats (p < 0.001). These higher fat volume/total volume were associated with lower trabecular number (p < 0.05) and thickness (p < 0.05) and higher trabecular separation (p < 0.05). In addition, osteoblast and osteocyte numbers were reduced in the similar ROI containing high levels of adiposity, while osteoclast number was higher compared to control (p < 0.03). In summary, marrow ROIs with a high level of adiposity were associated with a lower bone mass and changes in cellularity explaining associated bone loss. Further studies assessing the levels of lipotoxicity in areas of high local marrow adiposity and identifying molecular actors involved in this phenomenon are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Saedi
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, 176 Furlong Road, St. Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Lulu Chen
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, 176 Furlong Road, St. Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Steven Phu
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, 176 Furlong Road, St. Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Sara Vogrin
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Dengshun Miao
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Département de Nutrition, Faculté de médecine de l'université de Montréal (UdeM) and Centre de Recherche de L'Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Département de médecine, UdeM and Laboratoire de Neuroendocrinologie du Vieillissement, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'université de Montreal (UdeM), 900 rue Saint-Denis, Pavillon R, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, 176 Furlong Road, St. Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia.
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, VIC, Australia.
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D'Amico D, Parrott MD, Greenwood CE, Ferland G, Gaudreau P, Belleville S, Laurin D, Anderson ND, Kergoat MJ, Morais JA, Presse N, Fiocco AJ. Sex differences in the relationship between dietary pattern adherence and cognitive function among older adults: findings from the NuAge study. Nutr J 2020; 19:58. [PMID: 32563260 PMCID: PMC7306140 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00575-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of a prudent dietary pattern rich in healthy nutrients is associated with enhanced cognitive performance in older adulthood, while a Western dietary pattern low in healthy nutrients is associated with poor age-related cognitive function. Sex differences exist in dietary intake among older adults; however, there is a paucity of research examining the relationship between sex-specific dietary patterns and cognitive function in later life. METHODS The current study aimed to investigate sex differences in the relationship between sex-specific dietary pattern adherence and global cognitive function at baseline and over a 3-year follow-up in 1268 community-dwelling older adults (Mage = 74 years, n = 664 women, n = 612 men) from the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge). A 78-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to estimate dietary intake over the previous year. Sex-specific dietary pattern scores were derived using principal component analysis. Global cognition was assessed using the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS). RESULTS Adjusted linear mixed effects models indicated that a healthy, prudent dietary pattern was not associated with baseline cognitive performance in men or women. No relationship was found between Western dietary pattern adherence and baseline cognitive function in women. Among men, adherence to an unhealthy, Western dietary pattern was associated with poorer baseline cognitive function (β = - 0.652, p = 0.02, 95% CI [- 1.22, - 0.65]). No association was found between prudent or Western dietary patterns and cognitive change over time in men or women. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of conducting sex-based analyses in aging research and suggest that the relationship between dietary pattern adherence and cognitive function in late life may be sex-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle D'Amico
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Carol E Greenwood
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, North York, ON, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Department of Medicine and Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Danielle Laurin
- Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicole D Anderson
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, North York, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marie-Jeanne Kergoat
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jose A Morais
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nancy Presse
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Research Center on Aging, CIUSSS-de-l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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21
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Ferland G, Muhire G, Racine MC, Ouliass B, Girouard H. Positive Effects of Vitamin K on Arterial Calcification, Cerebral Blood Flow, and Cognition in a Murine Model of Arterial Calcification. Curr Dev Nutr 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa057_020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Investigate whether VK can attenuate cognitive impairment associated with arterial stiffness, and assess its effect on arterial calcification and resting cerebral blood flow (rCBF).
Methods
Ten to 12 wk-old male C57BL/6 mice (n = 12/diet gp) were fed diets containing either 0.1, 1 or 10 mg/kg of K1, or 10, 50 or 100 mg/kg of MK-4 for 4 wks. Arterial calcification was induced by the local application of CaCl2 (3 M), sham animals were treated with NaCl (0.9%). Learning abilities over 5 days and memory retention were assessed using the Morris water maze, 3 wks after surgery. rCBF was determined by quantitative autoradiography (iodoantipirine 4-N-Methyl-14C as a diffusible tracer) in key brain regions. Carotid Ca2+ content was determined by a colorimetric method, brain K1 and MK4 were assessed by HPLC and brain expression of carboxylated Gas6 and PS by Western blot.
Results
Learning performances did not differ between CaCl2 and NaCl-treated mice at any of the K1 and MK4 doses although when groups were combined, MK-4100 mg/kg fed mice had better cognitive abilities compared to K1 0.1 mg/kg group (P < 0.05). In contrast, memory retention was altered by arterial calcification in the lower VK diet groups (K1 0.1 and MK-4 10 mg/kg) (P < 0.05). MK-4 was the main form of VK in brain (at least 98.5%) irrespective of diet. Expression of carboxylated Gas6 and PS increased with dietary MK-4 but not dietary K1. Carotid Ca2 + content decreased as a function of dietary K1 and MK-4 in a dose dependent manner (P < 0.05). Ca2 + treatment significantly decreased rCBF in several brain regions of mice fed the K1 0.1 mg/kg diet including visual and somatosensory cortex, thalamus, hippocampus, dentate gyrus and corpus callosum (P < 0.05); negative effects were also observed in K1 1 mg/kg fed mice.
Conclusions
These results suggest that VK can oppose the detrimental effects of vascular calcification on cognition in part by limiting vascular calcification, restoring rCBF, and increasing Gas6 and PS carboxylation in brain.
Funding Sources
CIHR.
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22
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Ferland G, Allaire P, Ouliass B. Vitamin K Tissue Distribution Is Modified by Large-Dose Warfarin and Menaquinone-4 Content of the Diet. Curr Dev Nutr 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa067_027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Investigate the influence of large-dose warfarin (W) on tissue K1 and MK-4 distribution in rats fed a standard K1 diet, or enriched with MK4.
Methods
Male Wistar rats were fed a regular K1 (750 mcg K1/kg/diet; WK1) or enriched MK-4 (100 mg MK-4/kg/diet; WK1 + MK4) diet for 1 week after which they were administered 14 mg W/kg/day (in drinking water) and subcutaneous K1 (94 mg/kg, 3X/week; to maintain coagulation), for 12 weeks; diets were maintained throughout the experimental period. Respective diet controls (C and C + MK4) received subcutaneous saline and regular water. K1 and M-4 quinone and their epoxide forms (K1O and MK-4O) were assessed in serum, liver, heart, kidney, pancreas, adipose tissue and brain, by HPLC. Group differences were tested by one-way ANOVA, and by t-test for each K vitamer.
Results
In C group, K1 was the predominant K vitamer in serum, liver and heart, whereas MK-4 was found in relative higher concentrations in kidney, pancreas, brain, and adipose tissue. In MK-4 containing organs, W treatment was associated with significantly lower MK-4 concentration in pancreas, brain, and heart (P < 0.05) despite the local presence of K1, which suggests that W may block the production of MK-4 by UBIAD1. Compared to C group, K1 concentrations were significantly higher in all organs and serum in WK1 and WK1 + MK4 groups as a result of the subcutaneous administration. Interestingly, in WK1 animals who had received a MK-4 enriched diet (WK1 + MK4), K1 concentrations in naturally K1 rich tissues (i.e., liver, heart and serum) were significantly increased when compared to those from the WK1 group (P < 0.05), suggesting that dietary MK-4 may play a role in modulating the uptake of K1 in these tissues. Except in liver, W administration (WK1 and WK1 + MK4) was associated with higher tissue concentrations of K1 and MK-4 epoxide when compared to C group (P < 0.05). Noteworthy, in WK1 animals who had received a MK-4 enriched diet (WK1 + MK4), naturally rich MK-4 containing organs (i.e., kidney, pancreas, adipose tissue and brain) presented significantly higher concentration of MK-4 epoxide (relative to K1 epoxide), suggesting a preferential use of MK4 by these organs when available from the diet.
Conclusions
In conclusion, results from this study point to modulatory roles of W and dietary MK-4 on tissue distribution of K1 and MK-4 in what appears to be a tissue specific manner.
Funding Sources
CIHR.
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Tanprasertsuk J, Ferland G, Johnson MA, Poon LW, Scott TM, Barbey AK, Barger K, Wang XD, Johnson EJ. Concentrations of Circulating Phylloquinone, but Not Cerebral Menaquinone-4, Are Positively Correlated with a Wide Range of Cognitive Measures: Exploratory Findings in Centenarians. J Nutr 2020; 150:82-90. [PMID: 31504672 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin K (VK) exists in the form of phylloquinone (PK) and menaquinones (MKs). Roles of VK on cognitive health in the elderly are emerging, but there is limited evidence on VK uptake and metabolism in human brain. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to characterize VK distribution in brains of an elderly population with varied cognitive function. In addition, associations among circulating (a biomarker of VK intake) and cerebral VK concentrations and cognition were investigated. METHODS Serum or plasma (n = 27) and brain samples from the frontal cortex (FC; n = 46) and the temporal cortex (TC; n = 33) were acquired from 48 decedents (aged 98-107 y; 25 demented and 23 nondemented) enrolled in the Georgia Centenarian Study. Both circulating and brain VK concentrations were measured using HPLC with fluorescence detection. Cognitive assessment was performed within 1 y prior to mortality. Partial correlations between serum/plasma or cerebral VK concentrations and cognitive function were performed, adjusting for covariates and separating by dementia and antithrombotic use. RESULTS MK-4 was the predominant vitamer in both FC (mean ± SD = 4.92 ± 2.31 pmol/g, ≥89.15% ± 5.09% of total VK) and TC (4.60 ± 2.11 pmol/g, ≥89.71% ± 4.43% of total VK) regardless of cognitive status. Antithrombotic users had 34.0% and 53.9% lower MK-4 concentrations in FC (P < 0.05) and TC (P < 0.001), respectively. Circulating PK was not correlated with cerebral MK-4 or total VK concentrations. Circulating PK concentrations were significantly associated with a wide range of cognitive measures in nondemented centenarians (P < 0.05). In contrast, cerebral MK-4 concentrations were not associated with cognitive performance, either before or after exclusion of antithrombotic users. CONCLUSIONS Circulating VK concentrations are not related to cerebral MK-4 concentrations in centenarians. Cerebral MK-4 concentrations are tightly regulated over a range of VK intakes and cognitive function. Circulating PK may reflect intake of VK-rich foods containing other dietary components beneficial to cognitive health. Further investigation of VK uptake and metabolism in the brain is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirayu Tanprasertsuk
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.,Gerald J and Dorothy R Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mary Ann Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Leonard W Poon
- Institute of Gerontology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Tammy M Scott
- Gerald J and Dorothy R Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aron K Barbey
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kathryn Barger
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Johnson
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Annweiler G, Labriffe M, Ménager P, Ferland G, Brangier A, Annweiler C. Intracranial calcifications under vitamin K antagonists or direct oral anticoagulants: Results from the French VIKING study in older adults. Maturitas 2019; 132:35-39. [PMID: 31883661 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) is associated with the onset of vascular and soft-tissue calcifications. Whether there are more intracranial calcifications under VKA remains unclear. The objective of this study was to determine whether the regular use of VKA in older adults was associated with an increased burden of intracranial calcifications compared with the use of direct oral anticoagulant (DOA). STUDY DESIGN Nineteen patients aged 70 years or more using VKA for more than 3 months and 19 controls (matched for age, gender and indication for anticoagulation) using DOA for more than 3 months were consecutively included in this study. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES The burden of intracranial calcifications was graded by an experienced neuroradiologist from 0 (no burden) to 3 (high burden) according to the quantity, size, intensity and confluence of calcifications on computed tomography scan of the brain. Age, gender, frontal assessment battery (FAB) score, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, carotid artery stenosis, kidney failure and indication for anticoagulation were investigated as potential confounders. RESULTS The 19 patients using VKA (median[IQR], 84years[7]; 10females) exhibited a greater burden of falcian calcifications than the 19 controls using DOA (respectively, 2[1] versus 1[2], P = 0.025). Overall, we found that using VKA was directly associated with the global burden of intracranial calcifications (β = 1.54, P = 0.049). No correlation was found with calcifications in sites other than the falx cerebri. CONCLUSIONS The use of VKA was associated with a greater burden of intracranial calcifications compared with the use of DOA, specifically in the falx cerebri. This finding may explain part of the neurocognitive morbidity met with VKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Annweiler
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France; Angers University Memory Clinic, Angers, France; Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, Angers, France
| | - Mathieu Labriffe
- Department of Radiology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Pierre Ménager
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France; Angers University Memory Clinic, Angers, France; Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, Angers, France; Department of Geriatrics, Le Mans Hospital, Le Mans, France
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre & Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antoine Brangier
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France; Angers University Memory Clinic, Angers, France; Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, Angers, France
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France; Angers University Memory Clinic, Angers, France; Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, Angers, France; UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, Angers, France; Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, the University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
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25
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McCann A, Jeffery IB, Ouliass B, Ferland G, Fu X, Booth SL, Tran TTT, O'Toole PW, O'Connor EM. Exploratory analysis of covariation of microbiota-derived vitamin K and cognition in older adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:1404-1415. [PMID: 31518386 PMCID: PMC6885478 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin K has multiple important physiological roles, including blood coagulation and beneficial effects on myelin integrity in the brain. Some intestinal microbes possess the genes to produce vitamin K in the form of menaquinone (MK). MK appears in higher concentration in tissues, such as the brain, particularly MK4, than the dietary form of phylloquinone (PK). Lower PK concentrations have been reported in patients with Alzheimer disease while higher serum PK concentrations have been positively associated with verbal episodic memory. Despite knowledge of the importance of vitamin K for various health parameters, few studies have measured MK concentration and biosynthesis by gut commensals. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to investigate the relation between genes involved in gut-microbiota derived MK, concentrations of MK isoforms, and cognitive function. METHODS Shotgun metagenomic sequencing of the gut microbiome of 74 elderly individuals with different cognitive ability levels was performed. From this, gene counts for microbial MK biosynthesis were determined. Associations between clusters of individuals, grouped based on a similar presence and prevalence of MK biosynthesis genes, and cognitive ability were investigated. Fecal MK concentrations were quantified by HPLC to investigate correlations with subject clusters. RESULTS Separation of subject groups defined by banded quantification of the genetic potential of their microbiome to biosynthesize MK was associated with significant differences in cognitive ability [assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)]. Three MK isoforms were found to be positively associated with MMSE, along with the identification of key components of the MK pathway that drive this association. Although the causality and direction of these associations remain unknown, these findings justify further studies. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that although total concentrations of MK did not covary with cognition, certain MK isoforms synthesized by the gut microbiome, particularly the longer chains, are positively associated with cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela McCann
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ian B Jeffery
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Bouchra Ouliass
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Xueyen Fu
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah L Booth
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tam T T Tran
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul W O'Toole
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eibhlís M O'Connor
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland,Address correspondence to EMOC (E-mail: )
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de Montgolfier O, Pinçon A, Pouliot P, Gillis MA, Bishop J, Sled JG, Villeneuve L, Ferland G, Lévy BI, Lesage F, Thorin-Trescases N, Thorin É. High Systolic Blood Pressure Induces Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction, Neurovascular Unit Damage, and Cognitive Decline in Mice. Hypertension 2019; 73:217-228. [PMID: 30571552 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A chronic and gradual increase in pulse pressure (PP) is associated with cognitive decline and dementia in older individuals, but the mechanisms remain ill-defined. We hypothesized that a chronic elevation of PP would cause brain microvascular endothelial mechanical stress, damage the neurovascular unit, and ultimately induce cognitive impairment in mice, potentially contributing to the progression of vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease. To test our hypothesis, male control wild-type mice and Alzheimer disease model APP/PS1 (amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1) mice were exposed to a transverse aortic constriction for 6 weeks, creating a PP overload in the right carotid (ipsilateral). We show that the transverse aortic constriction procedure associated with high PP induces a cascade of vascular damages in the ipsilateral parenchymal microcirculation: in wild-type mice, it impairs endothelial dilatory and blood brain barrier functions and causes microbleeds, a reduction in microvascular density, microvascular cell death by apoptosis, leading to severe hypoperfusion and parenchymal cell senescence. These damages were associated with brain inflammation and a significant reduction in learning and spatial memories. In APP/PS1 mice, that endogenously display severe cerebral vascular dysfunctions, microbleeds, parenchymal inflammation and cognitive dysfunction, transverse aortic constriction-induced high PP further aggravates cerebrovascular damage, Aβ (beta-amyloid) accumulation, and prevents learning. Our study, therefore, demonstrates that brain microvessels are vulnerable to a high PP and mechanical stress associated with transverse aortic constriction, promoting severe vascular dysfunction, disruption of the neurovascular unit, and cognitive decline. Hence, chronic elevated amplitude of the PP could contribute to the development and progression of vascular dementia including Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia de Montgolfier
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Physiology (O.d.M., A.P.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, Quebec, Canada (O.d.M., A.P., M.-A.G., L.V., G.F., F.L., N.T.-T., E.T.)
| | - Anthony Pinçon
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Physiology (O.d.M., A.P.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, Quebec, Canada (O.d.M., A.P., M.-A.G., L.V., G.F., F.L., N.T.-T., E.T.)
| | | | - Marc-Antoine Gillis
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, Quebec, Canada (O.d.M., A.P., M.-A.G., L.V., G.F., F.L., N.T.-T., E.T.)
| | - Jonathan Bishop
- Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J.B., J.G.S.)
| | - John G Sled
- Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J.B., J.G.S.).,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J.G.S.)
| | - Louis Villeneuve
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, Quebec, Canada (O.d.M., A.P., M.-A.G., L.V., G.F., F.L., N.T.-T., E.T.)
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Department of Nutrition (G.F.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, Quebec, Canada (O.d.M., A.P., M.-A.G., L.V., G.F., F.L., N.T.-T., E.T.)
| | - Bernard I Lévy
- Institut des Vaisseaux et du Sang, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France (B.I.L.)
| | - Frédéric Lesage
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, Quebec, Canada (O.d.M., A.P., M.-A.G., L.V., G.F., F.L., N.T.-T., E.T.).,Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (P.P., F.L.)
| | - Nathalie Thorin-Trescases
- Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, Quebec, Canada (O.d.M., A.P., M.-A.G., L.V., G.F., F.L., N.T.-T., E.T.)
| | - Éric Thorin
- Department of Surgery (E.T.), Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, Quebec, Canada (O.d.M., A.P., M.-A.G., L.V., G.F., F.L., N.T.-T., E.T.)
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Léveillé P, Knoth IS, Denis MH, Morin G, Barlaam F, Nyalendo C, Daneault C, Marcotte JE, Rosiers CD, Ferland G, Lippé S, Mailhot G. Association between fat-soluble nutrient status and auditory and visual related potentials in newly diagnosed non-screened infants with cystic fibrosis: A case-control study. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2019; 150:21-30. [PMID: 31568924 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nutritional deficiencies often precede the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) in infants, and occur at a stage where the rapidly developing brain is more vulnerable to insult. We aim to compare fat-soluble nutrient status of newly diagnosed non-screened infants with CF to that of healthy infants, and explore the association with neurodevelopment evaluated by electroencephalography (EEG). Our results show that CF infants had lower levels of all fat-soluble vitamins and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) compared to controls. The auditory evoked potential responses were higher in CF compared to controls whereas the visual components did not differ between groups. DHA levels were correlated with auditory evoked potential responses. Although resting state frequency power was similar between groups, we observed a negative correlation between DHA levels and low frequencies. This study emphasizes the need for long-term neurodevelopmental follow-up of CF infants and pursuing intervention strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Léveillé
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Inga-Sophia Knoth
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Denis
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Geneviève Morin
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Fanny Barlaam
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Carine Nyalendo
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Caroline Daneault
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montréal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | | | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montréal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montréal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Sarah Lippé
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Geneviève Mailhot
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Health Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada.
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Bennett R, Demmers TA, Plourde H, Arrey K, Armour B, Ferland G, Kakinami L. Identifying Barriers of Arthritis-Related Disability on Food Behaviors to Guide Nutrition Interventions. J Nutr Educ Behav 2019; 51:1058-1066. [PMID: 31399331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2019.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the impact of arthritis-related disability on aspects of food insecurity and to gain insight into the incentives and barriers to participating in a nutrition intervention. DESIGN Four focus groups were held in April to May, 2018. Participants completed questionnaires about socioeconomic status, diet, and health. SETTING The Perform Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 27 adults diagnosed with arthritis. PHENOMENON OF INTEREST Perceived impact of arthritis-related disability on food behaviors as well as incentives and deterrents to participating in a nutrition intervention. ANALYSIS Transcriptions of the focus group discussions were coded using the constant comparative method. Basic descriptive statistics were used to analyze the questionnaire data. RESULTS The themes of pain, fatigue, knowledge, and social support emerged in discussions on food choices, procurement, preparation, consumption, and other lifestyle behaviors. Participants reported common barriers, although the extent to which they were affected varied. Questionnaire results revealed low disability. Timing, cost, and information quality were important incentives to participate in a nutrition intervention. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Results highlight the need for further research among people with greater limitations related to arthritis and adapted nutrition interventions that provide both knowledge and experience to help individuals overcome the challenges of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Bennett
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Thea A Demmers
- Perform Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hugues Plourde
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kim Arrey
- Physimed Medical Centre, Saint-Laurent, Quebec, Canada
| | - Beth Armour
- Practice-Based Evidence in Nutrition, Dietitians of Canada, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lisa Kakinami
- Perform Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Fiocco AJ, Krieger L, D'Amico D, Parrott MD, Laurin D, Gaudreau P, Greenwood C, Ferland G. A systematic review of existing peripheral biomarkers of cognitive aging: Is there enough evidence for biomarker proxies in behavioral modification interventions?: An initiative in association with the nutrition, exercise and lifestyle team of the Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 52:72-119. [PMID: 31059801 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral biomarkers have shown significant value in predicting brain health and may serve as a useful proxy measurement in the assessment of evidence-based lifestyle behavior modification programs, including physical activity and nutrition programs, that aim to maintain cognitive function in late life. The aim of this systematic review was to elucidate which peripheral biomarkers are robustly associated with cognitive function among relatively healthy non-demented older adults. Following the standards for systematic reviews (PICO, PRIMSA), and employing MEDLINE and Scopus search engines, 222 articles were included in the review. Based on the review of biomarker proxies of cognitive health, it is recommended that a comprehensive biomarker panel, or biomarker signature, be developed as a clinical end point for behavior modification trials aimed at enhancing cognitive function in late life. The biomarker signature should take a multisystemic approach, including lipid, immune/inflammatory, and metabolic biomarkers in the biological signature index of cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Krieger
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Danielle D'Amico
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Danielle Laurin
- Laval University, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, QC, Canada
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Ferland G, Allaire P, Ouliass B. Low (Therapeutic) Dose of Warfarin Is Not Associated with Cognitive and Exploratory Behavior Impairment in Rats: Mechanistic Studies (OR15-01-19). Curr Dev Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz044.or15-01-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
In addition to its role in hemostasis, vitamin K (VK) is involved in brain function through various proteins and sphingolipid metabolism. Warfarin (W), a widely prescribed anticoagulant drug, exerts its beneficial effect in coagulation by partially blocking the recycling of the vitamin. In previous studies, we provided evidence that, when administered in large doses, W leads to cognitive and exploratory behavior impairment, and alteration in the VK dependent proteins Gas6 and protein S (PS) and their downstream pro-survival extracellular signal-regulated (ERK) and serine-threonine (Akt) kinases pathways. In light of its widespread use as oral anticoagulant, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of W on cognition and behavior, Gas6 and PS and their signaling pathways when administered in doses comparable to those used in the clinical setting.
Methods
Male Wistar rats (n = 14/gp) were fed an AIN-93 based diet containing 750 mcg phylloquinone/kg/d and were randomly allocated to treatment with 0,1 mg W/kg/d (in drinking water) (W group) or not (C group), for 9 wks. Spatial memory (Morris Water Maze) and exploratory behavior (Open Field) were assessed. Gas6, PS, pAkt, pERK, caspases −3 and −12 (apoptosis), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and microglial CD11b/c protein (a marker of inflammation), were assessed by immunoblotting in hippocampus (HPP), frontal cortex (FC), and striatum (STR), three regions involved in cognition. VK contents were determined in these 3 brain regions by HPLC. Group difference was tested by unpaired Student t-test.
Results
Low dose W had no impact on brain VK concentrations, spatial memory, and exploratory behavior (all P > 0.05). In contrast, W treatment was associated with numerous cell-signaling modulations, namely increased PS, ERK and Akt activity, and caspase −3 and −12 expression, in HPP; increased BDNF in FC and STR; increased expression of CD11bc in STR, (all P < 0.05).
Conclusions
This study provides evidence that low dose W is not associated with cognitive and behavioral impairment despite numerous cell-signaling modulations that have the potential to be beneficial or detrimental to the brain. Whether these events represent compensatory mechanisms to maintain homeostasis deserves further investigation.
Funding Sources
Study funded by CIHR.
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Bonhoure A, Boudreau V, Bergeron C, Ouliass B, Colomba J, Mailhot M, Lavoie A, Tremblay F, Ferland G, Rabasa-Lhoret R. ePS4.07 Vitamin K in adults with cystic fibrosis is correlated to fat mass and insulin secretion. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ferland G, Allaire P, Ouliass B. Warfarin Treatment Alters Gas6 and Protein S Activity and Their Downstream Signaling Pathways in Brain, and Stimulates Microglial Activity (P24-002-19). Curr Dev Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz044.p24-002-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
There is now convincing evidence that vitamin K (VK) has important actions in the nervous system and cognition. Two VK-dependent proteins are closely linked to the brain namely Gas6 and protein S (PS). Functionally, both proteins are ligands for receptors of tyrosine kinases Tyro3, Axl, and Mer. In vitro, Gas6 and PS have been shown to possess pro-survival activity towards neurons and glia through stimulation of the extracellular signal-regulated (ERK) and serine-threonine (Akt) kinases pathways. In a previous study, targeted depletion of VK in brain induced by warfarin (W) treatment, a VK antagonist, resulted in cognitive and behavioral impairment. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the role of Gas6 and PS and their signaling pathways in W-treated rats fed or not with supplemental menaquinone-4 (MK-4), the principal K vitamer in brain.
Methods
Male Wistar rats (n = 5–7/gp) were randomly allocated to a AIN-93 based diet containing 750 mcg phylloquinone (K1)/kg/d supplemented with 100 mg MK-4/kg/d (MK-4) or not (N). After one week, rats were administered 14 mg W/kg/d (in drinking water) and subcutaneous K1 (94 mg/kg), 3X/wk, for 9 wks. [Subcutaneous K1 treatment is required to maintain the coagulation function]. A control gp (C) treated with normal water and injected with saline was also included. Gas6, PS, pAkt, pERK as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and microglial CD11b/c protein, were assessed in hippocampus (HPP), frontal cortex (FC) and striatum (STR), three regions involved in cognition, by immunoblotting. Group difference were tested by one-way ANOVA.
Results
Impact of W treatment was particularly marked in HPP, rats from N group showing decreased Gas6, PS and ERK activity as well as decreased BDNF expression, compared to C gp. Further, rats from N group presented increased expression of CD11bc, a marker of inflammation (all P < 0.05). Supplementing the diet with MK-4 normalized PS activity and BDNF and CD11bc expression in HPP, Gas6 and pERK in CF, and pAkt in STR (all P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Results indicate that W treatment as used in the present study alters Gas6 and PS activity and their downstream signaling pathways, and stimulates microglial activity. Supplementing the diet with large amounts of MK-4 normalized much of the phenotype.
Funding Sources
Study funded by CIHR.
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Ferland G, Chahine S, Presse N, Dube MP, Nigam A, Blostein M, deDenus S, Perreault S, Tardif JC. Increasing Dietary Vitamin K Intake Stabilizes Anticoagulation Therapy in Warfarin-Treated Patients with a History of Instability: A 24-week Randomized Controlled Trial (OR36-04-19). Curr Dev Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz035.or36-04-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Warfarin (W) is a highly prescribed anticoagulant for the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic diseases. However, anticoagulation stability is often a challenge due to the narrow therapeutic range of the drug. In recent years, dietary vitamin K (VK) has emerged as an important modulator of long-term anticoagulation stability. In trials, patients receiving small doses of supplemental VK (100–150 mg/d) spend significantly more time in the therapeutic range (%TTR) and present fewer bleeding and thrombotic complications. Whether similar beneficial effects can be achieved through diet remains unknown. We determined whether increasing dietary VK intake by ≥150 µg/day improves anticoagulation stability of W-treated patients with a history of INR instability.
Methods
We conducted a 24-week randomized controlled trial at the Anticoagulation Clinics of the Montreal Heart Institute and the Jewish General Hospital (Montreal). The main inclusion criteria were: 1) be anticoagulated for >6 months with a target international normalized ratio (INR) range of 2.0–3.0 or 2.5–3.5, and 2) present a %TTR <50% in the previous 6 months. Patients randomized to the intervention group (VK) received dietary counsel to increase their VK intake by ≥150 µd/day through specific food choices, recipes and cooking strategies. Patients from the control (C) group received general dietary information of similar intensity. Warfarin therapy was monitored weekly by INR. The primary clinical outcome was anticoagulation stability as defined by %TTR ˃ 70% during weeks 4 through 24. Groups were compared in an intention-to-treat method using the exact Fisher test.
Results
In total, 49 patients aged 32–85 years completed the study. Mean (±SEM) %TTR over the assessment period were 67.7 ± 3.4 and 61.4 ± 3.5 for the VK and C groups, respectively (ns). Increasing dietary VK intakes resulted in a greater proportion of patients with %TTR ˃ 70% over the assessment period. Specifically, 14 of the 28 patients (50%) from the VK group met the criteria versus 4 of the 21 patients (19%) from the C group (P = 0.026).
Conclusions
Increasing VK intake ≥150 µd/day through diet strategies improves anticoagulation stability of W-treated patients with a history of anticoagulation instability.
Funding Sources
This study was funded by the CIHR.
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de Montgolfier O, Pouliot P, Gillis MA, Ferland G, Lesage F, Thorin-Trescases N, Thorin É. Systolic hypertension-induced neurovascular unit disruption magnifies vascular cognitive impairment in middle-age atherosclerotic LDLr -/-:hApoB +/+ mice. GeroScience 2019; 41:511-532. [PMID: 31093829 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive functions are dependent upon intercommunications between the cellular components of the neurovascular unit (NVU). Vascular risk factors are associated with a more rapid rate of cognitive decline with aging and cerebrovascular diseases magnify both the incidence and the rate of cognitive decline. The causal relationship between vascular risk factors and injury to the NVU is, however, lacking. We hypothesized that vascular risk factors, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, promote disruption of the NVU leading to early cognitive impairment. We compared brain structure and cerebrovascular functions of 1-year old (middle-aged) male wild-type (WT) and atherosclerotic hypertensive (LDLr-/-:hApoB+/+, ATX) mice. In addition, mice were subjected, or not, to a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for 6 weeks to assess the acute impact of an increase in systolic blood pressure on the NVU and cognitive functions. Compared with WT mice, ATX mice prematurely developed cognitive decline associated with cerebral micro-hemorrhages, loss of microvessel density and brain atrophy, cerebral endothelial cell senescence and dysfunction, brain inflammation, and oxidative stress associated with blood-brain barrier leakage and brain hypoperfusion. These data suggest functional disturbances in both vascular and parenchymal components of the NVU. Exposure to TAC-induced systolic hypertension promoted cerebrovascular damage and cognitive decline in WT mice, similar to those observed in sham-operated ATX mice; TAC exacerbated the existing cerebrovascular dysfunctions and cognitive failure in ATX mice. Thus, a hemodynamic stress such as systolic hypertension could initiate the cascade involving cerebrovascular injury and NVU deregulation and lead to cognitive decline, a process accelerated in atherosclerotic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia de Montgolfier
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of pharmacology and physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 rue Bélanger Est, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Philippe Pouliot
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 rue Bélanger Est, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada
- Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Gillis
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 rue Bélanger Est, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 rue Bélanger Est, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Lesage
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 rue Bélanger Est, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada
- Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Éric Thorin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of pharmacology and physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 rue Bélanger Est, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Faitg J, Leduc-Gaudet JP, Reynaud O, Ferland G, Gaudreau P, Gouspillou G. Effects of Aging and Caloric Restriction on Fiber Type Composition, Mitochondrial Morphology and Dynamics in Rat Oxidative and Glycolytic Muscles. Front Physiol 2019; 10:420. [PMID: 31114501 PMCID: PMC6503296 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a progressive decline in muscle mass and strength, a process known as sarcopenia. Evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a causal role in sarcopenia and suggests that alterations in mitochondrial dynamics/morphology may represent an underlying mechanism. Caloric restriction (CR) is among the most efficient nonpharmacological interventions to attenuate sarcopenia in rodents and is thought to exert its beneficial effects by improving mitochondrial function. However, CR effects on mitochondrial morphology and dynamics, especially in aging muscle, remain unknown. To address this issue, we investigated mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in the oxidative soleus (SOL) and glycolytic white gastrocnemius (WG) muscles of adult (9-month-old) ad libitum-fed (AL; A-AL), old (22-month-old) AL-fed (O-AL), and old CR (O-CR) rats. We show that CR attenuates the aging-related decline in the muscle-to-body-weight ratio, a sarcopenic index. CR also prevented the effects of aging on muscle fiber type composition in both muscles. With aging, the SOL displayed fragmented SubSarcolemmal (SS) and InterMyoFibrillar (IMF) mitochondria, an effect attenuated by CR. Aged WG displayed enlarged SS and more complex/branched IMF mitochondria. CR had marginal anti-aging effects on WG mitochondrial morphology. In the SOL, DRP1 (pro-fission protein) content was higher in O-AL vs YA-AL, and Mfn2 (pro-fusion) content was higher in O-CR vs A-AL. In the gastrocnemius, Mfn2, Drp1, and Fis1 (pro-fission) contents were higher in O-AL vs A-AL. CR reduced this aging-related increase in Mfn2 and Fis1 content. Overall, these results reveal for the first time that aging differentially impacts mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in different muscle fiber types, by increasing fission/fragmentation in oxidative fibers while enhancing mitochondrial size and branching in glycolytic fibers. Our results also indicate that although CR partially attenuates aging-related changes in mitochondrial dynamics in glycolytic fibers, its anti-aging effect on mitochondrial morphology is restricted to oxidative fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Faitg
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, UQAM, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Leduc-Gaudet
- Groupe de recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Faculté des Sciences, UQAM, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Reynaud
- Groupe de recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Faculté des Sciences, UQAM, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Institut de cardiologie de Montréal Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology of Aging, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine,University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gilles Gouspillou
- Groupe de recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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36
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Moyse E, Arsenault M, Gaudreau P, Ferland G, Ramassamy C. Brain region-specific effects of long-term caloric restriction on redox balance of the aging rat. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 179:51-59. [PMID: 30659860 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is the most effective intervention to improve health span and extend lifespan in preclinical models. This anti-aging effect of CR is related to attenuation of oxidative damage in various tissues, with divergent results in the brain. We addressed how brain oxidoreductive balance would be modulated in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats submitted to a 40% CR from 8 to 19 months of age, by reference to ad libitum-fed (AL) rats at 2 and 19 months of age. Four brain structures were compared: hippocampus, striatum, parietal cortex, cerebellum. Our CR diet elicits significant prevention of oxidative damages with the upregulation of antioxidant defenses (levels of glutathione [GSH], mRNAs of clusterin and of three key antioxidant enzymes) as compared to age-matched AL controls, in a strikingly region-specific pattern. CR also prevented a drastic rise of the glial fibrillary acidic protein in the hippocampus of old AL rats. Besides, the CR effects at age 19 months mainly consist in improving endogenous defenses before the onset of age-related redox alterations. These effects are more prominent in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Moyse
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology of Aging, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 St-Denis Street, R Pavilion, Rm R05.436B-02, Montreal, QC, H2X0A9, Canada; Physiology of Reproduction and Behaviour Unit (PRC), University of Tours, INRA Centre of Tours, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Madeleine Arsenault
- Institut Armand-Frappier, INRS, 531 Bld des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology of Aging, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 St-Denis Street, R Pavilion, Rm R05.436B-02, Montreal, QC, H2X0A9, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Institut de cardiologie de Montréal Research Center, Montreal, QC, H4J 1C5, Canada; Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Charles Ramassamy
- Institut Armand-Frappier, INRS, 531 Bld des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4L3, Canada.
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Kiely A, Ferland G, Ouliass B, O'Toole PW, Purtill H, O'Connor EM. Vitamin K status and inflammation are associated with cognition in older Irish adults. Nutr Neurosci 2018; 23:591-599. [PMID: 30451602 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2018.1536411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown associations between reduced vitamin K status and poor cognitive function. However, despite this apparent link, direct studies measuring cognitive function, vitamin K status and inflammation are lacking. In the current study, The ELDERMET cohort was investigated to identify associations between cognition, vitamin K status and inflammation. The primary aim of the ELDERMET study was to investigate the relationship between gut bacteria, diet, lifestyle and health in 500 older Irish adults. Significant differences in serum phylloquinone, dietary phylloquinone and inflammatory markers were found across varying levels of cognitive function, after controlling for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides and blood pressure. In addition, significantly higher levels of dietary phylloquinone were found in those with better cognition compared to those with the poorest function. Higher levels of inflammatory were also associated with poor cognition. Furthermore, both dietary and serum phylloquinone were significant independent predictors of good cognitive function, after controlling for confounders. This study highlights the importance of dietary vitamin K as a potentially protective cognitive factor; it also provides evidence for the correlation between cognition and inflammation. Strategies should be devised by which elderly populations can access rich dietary sources of phylloquinone to maintain cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kiely
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - G Ferland
- Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - B Ouliass
- Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - P W O'Toole
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - H Purtill
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - E M O'Connor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Brangier A, Celle S, Roche F, Beauchet O, Ferland G, Annweiler C. Use of Vitamin K Antagonists and Brain Morphological Changes in Older Adults: An Exposed/Unexposed Voxel-Based Morphometric Study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2018; 45:18-26. [PMID: 29486479 DOI: 10.1159/000485793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are commonly used for their role in haemostasis by interfering with the vitamin K cycle. Since vitamin K also participates in brain physiology, this voxel-based morphometric study aimed to determine whether the duration of exposure to VKAs correlated with focal brain volume reduction in older adults. METHODS In this exposed/unexposed (1: 2) study nested within the GAIT (Gait and Alzheimer Interactions Tracking) cohort, 18 participants exposed to VKA (mean age 75 ± 5 years; 33.3% female; mean exposure 2,122 ± 1,799 days) and 36 matched participants using no VKA (mean age 75 ± 5 years; 33.3% female) underwent MRI scanning of the brain. Cortical grey and white matter volumes were automatically segmented using statistical parametric mapping. Age, gender, educational level, history of atrial fibrillation, type of MRI, and total intracranial volume were included as covariables. RESULTS The duration of exposure to VKA correlated inversely across the whole brain with the subvolumes of two clusters in the grey matter (right frontal inferior operculum and right precuneus) and one cluster in the white matter (left middle frontal gyrus). In contrast, the grade of white matter hyperintensities did not differ according to the use of VKA. CONCLUSION We found focal atrophies in older adults exposed to VKA. These findings provide new insights elucidating the effects of VKAs on brain health and function in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Brangier
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Memory Clinic, Angers University Hospital, UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Sébastien Celle
- Service de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice, CHU Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,EA 4607 "SNA EPIS" Faculté de Médecine J. Lisfranc UJM, PRES Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Roche
- Service de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice, CHU Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,EA 4607 "SNA EPIS" Faculté de Médecine J. Lisfranc UJM, PRES Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Beauchet
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Memory Clinic, Angers University Hospital, UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Tamadon-Nejad S, Ouliass B, Rochford J, Ferland G. Vitamin K Deficiency Induced by Warfarin Is Associated With Cognitive and Behavioral Perturbations, and Alterations in Brain Sphingolipids in Rats. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:213. [PMID: 30061825 PMCID: PMC6054920 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Initially discovered for its role in blood coagulation, there is now convincing evidence that vitamin K (VK) has important actions in the nervous system. In brain, VK is present in the form of menaquinone-4 (MK-4), a byproduct of the main dietary source, phylloquinone. It contributes to the biological activation of various proteins (i.e., Gas6), and participates in the synthesis of sphingolipids, a class of lipids widely present in brain cell membranes with important cell signaling functions. In a previous study, we reported that lifetime consumption of a low VK diet resulted in mild cognitive impairment in aged rats, a finding associated with an alteration of the sphingolipid profile. To confirm the role of VK as it relates to sphingolipids, cognition, and behavior outside the context of aging, we conducted a study of acute VK deficiency using a pharmacological model of VK deficiency in brain. In this procedure, rats (8 weeks) are maintained on a ratio of warfarin (a VK antagonist) to VK whereby coagulation is maintained while inducing VK deficiency in extrahepatic tissues. After 10 weeks of treatment, rats who were subjected to the warfarin plus phylloquinone protocol (WVK) exhibited longer latencies in the Morris water maze test as well as lower locomotor activity and exploratory behavior in the open field test, when compared to control rats. The WVK treatment resulted in a dramatic decrease in MK-4 level in all brain regions despite the presence of high local concentrations of phylloquinone, which suggests an inhibition of the biosynthetic MK-4 pathway in the presence of warfarin. Additionally, WVK treatment affected sphingolipid concentrations in key brain regions, notably those of the ganglioside family. Finally, brain MK-4 was correlated with performances in the open field test. This study confirms the modulatory role of VK in cognition and behavior and the implication of sphingolipids, notably those of the ganglioside family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bouchra Ouliass
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joseph Rochford
- Douglas Institute Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Brangier A, Ferland G, Rolland Y, Gautier J, Féart C, Annweiler C. Vitamin K Antagonists and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: A 24-Month Follow-Up. Nutrients 2018; 10:E666. [PMID: 29794977 PMCID: PMC6024671 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin K participates in brain physiology. This study aimed to determine whether using vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), which interfere with the vitamin K cycle, were (i) cross-sectionally associated with altered cognitive performance, and (ii) independent predictors of cognitive changes in older adults over 24 months. Information was collected on the use of VKAs (i.e., warfarin, acenocoumarol, and fluindione) among 378 geriatric outpatients (mean, 82.3 ± 5.6 years; 60.1% female). Global cognitive performance and executive functions were assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) scores, respectively, at baseline and after 12 and 24 months of follow-up. Age, gender, body mass index, mean arterial pressure, disability, gait speed, comorbidities, atrial fibrillation, stroke, carotid artery stenosis, leukoaraiosis grade on computed tomography (CT) scan, psychoactive drugs, antidementia drugs, blood-thinning drugs (i.e., anticoagulants other than VKAs, antiplatelet medications), serum creatinine levels, and vitamin B12 concentrations were considered as potential confounders. Using VKAs was associated with lower (i.e., worse) FAB score at baseline (adjusted β = -2.1, p = 0.026), and with a decrease in FAB score after 24 months (adjusted β = -203.6%, p = 0.010), but not after 12 months (p = 0.659). Using VKAs was not associated with any change in MMSE score at baseline (p = 0.655), after 12 months (p = 0.603), or after 24 months (p = 0.201). In conclusion, we found more severe executive dysfunction at baseline and incident executive decline over 24 months among geriatric patients using VKAs, when compared with their counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Brangier
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Memory Clinic; Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity (CeRAL), University Hospital, F-49933 Angers, France.
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada.
| | - Yves Rolland
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institut du Vieillissement, University Hospital, INSERM-U1027, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
| | - Jennifer Gautier
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Memory Clinic; Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity (CeRAL), University Hospital, F-49933 Angers, France.
| | - Catherine Féart
- Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Université Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Cedric Annweiler
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Memory Clinic; Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity (CeRAL), University Hospital, F-49933 Angers, France.
- Health Faculty and UPRES EA4638, University of Angers, F-49100 Angers, France.
- Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada.
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Castonguay D, Dufort-Gervais J, Ménard C, Chatterjee M, Quirion R, Bontempi B, Schneider JS, Arnsten AFT, Nairn AC, Norris CM, Ferland G, Bézard E, Gaudreau P, Lombroso PJ, Brouillette J. The Tyrosine Phosphatase STEP Is Involved in Age-Related Memory Decline. Curr Biol 2018; 28:1079-1089.e4. [PMID: 29576474 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive disabilities that occur with age represent a growing and expensive health problem. Age-associated memory deficits are observed across many species, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be fully identified. Here, we report elevations in the levels and activity of the striatal-enriched phosphatase (STEP) in the hippocampus of aged memory-impaired mice and rats, in aged rhesus monkeys, and in people diagnosed with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). The accumulation of STEP with aging is related to dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system that normally leads to the degradation of STEP. Higher level of active STEP is linked to enhanced dephosphorylation of its substrates GluN2B and ERK1/2, CREB inactivation, and a decrease in total levels of GluN2B and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). These molecular events are reversed in aged STEP knockout and heterozygous mice, which perform similarly to young control mice in the Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze tasks. In addition, administration of the STEP inhibitor TC-2153 to old rats significantly improved performance in a delayed alternation T-maze memory task. In contrast, viral-mediated STEP overexpression in the hippocampus is sufficient to induce memory impairment in the MWM and Y-maze tests, and these cognitive deficits are reversed by STEP inhibition. In old LOU/C/Jall rats, a model of healthy aging with preserved memory capacities, levels of STEP and GluN2B are stable, and phosphorylation of GluN2B and ERK1/2 is unaltered. Altogether, these data suggest that elevated levels of STEP that appear with advancing age in several species contribute to the cognitive declines associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Castonguay
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, and Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Dufort-Gervais
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, and Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline Ménard
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Medecine, Université de Montréal, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Manavi Chatterjee
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rémi Quirion
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bruno Bontempi
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jay S Schneider
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy F T Arnsten
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Angus C Nairn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christopher M Norris
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, and Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Erwan Bézard
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Department of Medecine, Université de Montréal, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Paul J Lombroso
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Jonathan Brouillette
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, and Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada; Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Bonneau J, Ferland G, Karelis AD, Doucet É, Faraj M, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Ferron M. Association between osteocalcin gamma-carboxylation and insulin resistance in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31:1027-1034. [PMID: 28242268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM In mice, osteocalcin (OCN) acts as a bone-derived hormone promoting insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. In that species, OCN endocrine action is inhibited when its first glutamic acid residue (Glu13) is γ-carboxylated (Gla). The importance of this posttranslational modification for OCN function in human is still unclear. Our objectives were to identify an assay to assess γ-carboxylation of human OCN on its first Glu residue (Glu17) and to test its association with insulin resistance and inflammation profile in overweight women. METHODS Several ELISAs were tested to determine their specificity toward various forms of human OCN. Associations between OCN γ-carboxylation and determinants of glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, liver function and subclinical inflammation were then investigated in 129 non-diabetic overweight and obese postmenopausal women. RESULTS We identified assays allowing the measurement of total OCN (tOCN) and the ratio of Gla17/tOCN. Circulating Gla17/tOCN levels correlated negatively with insulin sensitivity assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglyceamic clamp (P=0.02) or insulin sensitivity index derived from oral glucose tolerance test (P=0.00003), and positively with insulin resistance assessed by HOMA-IR (P=0.0005) and with markers of subclinical inflammation and liver enzymes, including C-reactive protein (CRP; P=0.007) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST; P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS γ-carboxylation of OCN on Glu17 residue correlates with insulin resistance and subclinical inflammation, suggesting that γ-carboxylation of OCN negatively regulates its endocrine action in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bonneau
- Unité de recherche en physiologie intégrative et moléculaire, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada; Programme de biologie moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Québec H3T 3J7, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Québec H3T 3J7, Canada
| | - Antony D Karelis
- Department of Exercise Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Éric Doucet
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - May Faraj
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Québec H3T 3J7, Canada; Unité de recherche en nutrition, lipoprotéines et maladies cardiométaboliques, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Rémi Rabasa-Lhoret
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Québec H3T 3J7, Canada; Unité de recherche en maladies métaboliques, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Mathieu Ferron
- Unité de recherche en physiologie intégrative et moléculaire, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada; Programme de biologie moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Québec H3T 3J7, Canada; Départements de Médecine et de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Québec H3T 3J7, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal.
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Hoffmann MR, Senior PA, Jackson ST, Ferland G, Presse N, Jindal K, Li P, Alzaben AS, Mager DR. Vitamin D Status and Bone Mineral Density is Influenced by Vitamin D Supplementation and Vitamin K1 Intake in Adults with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2016; 78:11-19. [PMID: 27779902 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2016-023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with diabetes (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk for suboptimal bone health. The study objective was to investigate the relationships between vitamin D (vitD), vitamin K1 (vitK1), and calcium intake with bone mineral density (BMD) and vitamin D status in an ambulatory population with DM and CKD. METHODS Adults (age 18-80 years; n = 62) with DM and CKD (stages 1-4) were recruited from the Northern Alberta Renal Program. Primary outcome variables included vitD, vitK1, and calcium intake; serum 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D; and BMD as measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Statistical significance was determined at P < 0.05. RESULTS Participants met the estimated average requirement or adequate intake for vitD, vitK1, and calcium intake in 73% (n = 45), 66% (n = 39), and 52% (n = 31), respectively, with a combined intake of micronutrient supplementation and diet. Participants had serum 25(OH)D concentrations ≥75 nmol/L (n = 41), normal BMDs (n = 48), and 66% (n = 41/62) were taking vitD supplements (>1000 IU/D). BMD was positively influenced by serum 25(OH)D. However, serum 25(OH) ≥100 nmol/L was associated with lower BMD (absolute and T-scores) for whole-body and spine (P ≤ 0.05). VitK1 intake (≥200 μg/day) was associated with higher whole-body and femoral-neck BMDs (absoluteand T-scores; P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION VitD status and BMD in adults with DM and CKD was influenced by vitD supplementation and vitK1 intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R Hoffmann
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Peter A Senior
- b Divsion of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB.,c Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention Clinic, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB
| | - Stephanie T Jackson
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- d Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC.,e Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Nancy Presse
- d Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, QC.,e Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Kailash Jindal
- f Northern Alberta Renal Program, Edmonton, AB.,g Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Ping Li
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Abeer S Alzaben
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Diana R Mager
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB.,h Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
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Parrott MD, Fiocco AJ, Carmichael PH, Anderson ND, Laurin D, Greenwood CE, Ferland G, Shatenstein B, Gaudreau P, Payette H, Belleville S, Morais JA, Kergoat MJ. P2‐421: Indicators of Cognitive Reserve Moderate the Adverse Relationship Between Poor Diet Quality and Cognitive Decline in Independent Older Adults: The Nuage Study. Alzheimers Dement 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.1633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guylaine Ferland
- Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de MontréalMontrealQC Canada
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Ferland G, Doucet I, Mainville D. Phylloquinone and Menaquinone-4 Tissue Distribution at Different Life Stages in Male and Female Sprague-Dawley Rats Fed Different VK Levels Since Weaning or Subjected to a 40% Calorie Restriction since Adulthood. Nutrients 2016; 8:141. [PMID: 26959054 PMCID: PMC4808870 DOI: 10.3390/nu8030141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether through the vitamin K-dependent proteins or the individual K vitamers, vitamin K (VK) is associated with a number of age-related conditions (e.g., osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, cognitive decline). In light of this, we investigated the influence of lifetime dietary VK exposure on the tissue distribution of phylloquinone (K1) and menaquinone-4 (MK-4) vitamers in 3-, 12- and 22-month-old male and female rats fed different K1 diets since weaning or subjected to a 40% calorie restricted diet (CR) since adulthood. Dietary K1 intakes around the minimal amount required for normal blood coagulation had no significant influence on body weights of both male and female rats at different life stages. Tissue contents of the K vitamers differed according to organs, were generally higher in females than in males, and increased with K1 intake. The MK-4/total VK ratios tended to be increased in old age possibly reflecting an increased physiological demand for MK-4 during aging. Our study also confirmed the greater susceptibility of male rats to low VK containing diet, notably at a younger age. Despite lifelong higher K1 intakes per unit body weight, tissue K1 and MK-4 contents at 20 months were generally lower in CR rats compared to their ad libitum (AL) counterparts. Whether the lower tissue MK-4 content is the result of lower synthesis from K1 or greater tissue utilization remains to be determined. However, the more youthful coagulation profile observed in old CR rats (vs. AL rats) tends to support the notion that CR is associated with greater utilization of the K vitamers to sustain physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guylaine Ferland
- Département de nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Isabelle Doucet
- Département de nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Hôpital de la Cité-de-la-Santé, Laval, QC H7M 3L9, Canada.
| | - Dominique Mainville
- Département de nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
- CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Centre de réadaptation Lucie-Bruneau, Montréal, QC H2H 2N8, Canada.
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Leblanc C, Dubé MP, Presse N, Dumas S, Nguyen M, Rouleau-Mailloux É, Perreault S, Ferland G. Avoidance of Vitamin K-Rich Foods Is Common among Warfarin Users and Translates into Lower Usual Vitamin K Intakes. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016; 116:1000-7. [PMID: 26922378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Warfarin users should aim for stable daily vitamin K intakes. However, some studies report that patients are often advised to avoid eating green vegetables. Whether this advice impacts vitamin K intakes is unknown. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to describe the nature and sources of vitamin K-related dietary recommendations that patients received at the initiation of warfarin therapy, assess their adherence to these recommendations, and examine whether usual vitamin K intakes vary according to these recommendations. DESIGN We conducted a retrospective cohort study with patients enrolled in the Québec Warfarin Cohort Study. Patients were asked to report dietary recommendations they had received at warfarin initiation and their adherence to these recommendations. Usual vitamin K intakes were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Three hundred seventeen patients aged 36 to 97 years who initiated warfarin between 2011 and 2012 and were treated for 12 months or longer with a target international normalized ratio range of 2.0 to 3.0 or 2.5 to 3.5. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Patients were classified according to vitamin K-related recommendations reported: limit or avoid vitamin K-rich foods; aim for stable consumption of vitamin K-rich foods; or no vitamin K-related advice. A one-way analysis of covariance was used to compare mean usual vitamin K intakes between patients after adjustment for covariates. RESULTS Most patients (68%) reported being advised to limit or avoid vitamin K-rich foods, particularly green vegetables, 10% reported being advised to aim for stable consumption of vitamin K-rich foods, and 22% did not recall receiving any vitamin K-related recommendation. Mean usual vitamin K intakes of patients adhering to the recommendation to limit or avoid vitamin K-rich foods was 35% to 46% lower than those of other patients (P<0.001), a difference resulting almost entirely (82%) from a lower consumption of green vegetables. CONCLUSIONS In contrast with current dietary recommendation, most warfarin users reported avoiding vitamin K-rich foods, which translated into lower usual vitamin K intakes.
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Soutif-Veillon A, Ferland G, Rolland Y, Presse N, Boucher K, Féart C, Annweiler C. Increased dietary vitamin K intake is associated with less severe subjective memory complaint among older adults. Maturitas 2016; 93:131-136. [PMID: 26923488 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increased dietary intake of vitamin K, a fat-soluble nutrient involved in brain health and function, has been associated with better cognitive performance in older adults. Our objective was to determine whether the dietary vitamin K intake was associated with the presence and severity of subjective memory complaint among older adults. STUDY DESIGN Observational, cross-sectional cohort study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES One hundred sixty older adults taking no vitamin K antagonist were included. The daily dietary vitamin K intake was assessed using a 50-item food frequency questionnaire. The subjective memory complaint was assessed at the same time using the Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q; score 0-30, best). Serious subjective memory complaint was defined as MAC-Q score ≤15. Age, gender, body mass index, education level, number of comorbidities, history of stroke, objective cognitive disorders, functional autonomy, mood, serum concentrations of vitamin B12, TSH, albumin, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were used as potential confounders. RESULTS Compared to participants without serious subjective memory complaint, those with serious subjective memory complaint (n=110) had a lower mean dietary vitamin K intake (298.0±191.8μg/day versus 393.8±215.2μg/day, P=0.005). Increased log dietary vitamin K intake was positively associated with the MAC-Q score used as a quantitative variable (fully adjusted β=0.79, P=0.031), and inversely with serious subjective memory complaint (fully adjusted OR=0.34, P=0.017). CONCLUSIONS Increased dietary vitamin K intake was associated with fewer and less severe subjective memory complaint in older adults taking no vitamin K antagonists. These findings provide epidemiological data supporting future vitamin K replacement trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Soutif-Veillon
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Angers, UNAM, Angers, France
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Centre de recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yves Rolland
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institut du Vieillissement, University Hospital; INSERM-U1027, Toulouse, France
| | - Nancy Presse
- Centre de recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kariane Boucher
- Centre de recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine Féart
- Université Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, ISPED, INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Cedric Annweiler
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital; Angers University Memory Clinic; UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, UNAM, Angers, France; Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Annweiler C, Denis S, Duval G, Ferland G, Bartha R, Beauchet O. Use of Vitamin K Antagonists and Brain Volumetry in Older Adults: Preliminary Results From the GAIT Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2016; 63:2199-202. [PMID: 26480989 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Annweiler
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, L'Université Nantes Angers Le Mans, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.,Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Soraya Denis
- School of Medicine, University of Angers, L'Université Nantes Angers Le Mans, Angers, France
| | - Guillaume Duval
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, L'Université Nantes Angers Le Mans, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Bartha
- Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivier Beauchet
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, L'Université Nantes Angers Le Mans, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
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Ferland G, Feart C, Presse N, Lorrain S, Bazin F, Helmer C, Berr C, Annweiler C, Rouaud O, Dartigues JF, Fourrier-Reglat A, Barberger-Gateau P. Vitamin K Antagonists and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: The Three-City Cohort Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015; 71:1356-62. [PMID: 26576841 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glv208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence supports a beneficial role for vitamin K in brain and cognition, notably in studies where animals are rendered vitamin K deficient by warfarin, a potent vitamin K antagonist (VKA). Given VKAs are commonly used oral anticoagulants in older persons, we investigated the relationship between VKA therapy and cognitive performances over 10 years in participants of the Three-City study. METHODS The Three-City cohort included 7,133 nondemented community dwellers, aged 65 years or older at baseline. Exposures to VKAs and platelet aggregation inhibitors, another antithrombotic agent, were determined at baseline. Participants underwent cognitive assessment at baseline and every 2 years over 10 years. Associations were analyzed with mixed linear models adjusting for many covariates including VKA and platelet aggregation inhibitor indications. RESULTS About 239 (3.4%) and 1,192 (16.7%) of the participants were treated with VKAs and platelet aggregation inhibitors at baseline, respectively. VKA treatment was significantly associated with worse performances on Benton Visual Retention Test assessing visual memory (adjusted mean difference -0.29; p = .02 in multivariate models) and Isaacs Set Test assessing verbal fluency (adjusted mean difference -1.37; p = .0009) at baseline. Treatment with VKAs was not associated with global cognitive functioning on the Mini Mental State Examination, neither with rate of subsequent decline in scores on all three cognitive tests. No associations were found between platelet aggregation inhibitors and cognitive performances or rate of decline. CONCLUSION These findings do not indicate a long-term detrimental effect of VKAs on cognition, but the risk-benefit balance of VKA treatment still deserves further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guylaine Ferland
- Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine Feart
- University of Bordeaux and INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Nancy Presse
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon Lorrain
- University of Bordeaux and INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France. Present address: INSERM CIC1401, Amélie Raba-Léon, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fabienne Bazin
- CHU Bordeaux, France. University of Bordeaux, INSERM U657, France
| | - Catherine Helmer
- University of Bordeaux and INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France. INSERM, CIC 1401 Bordeaux, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, France
| | - Claudine Berr
- INSERM, U1061, Hôpital La Colombière Montpellier, France. Université Montpellier 1, France. Centre de Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche Languedoc Roussillon, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - Cedric Annweiler
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Memory Clinic, UPRES EA4638, UNAM, Angers University Hospital, France. Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Olivier Rouaud
- Centre Mémoire Ressources et Recherche, CHU Dijon, Bocage Central, France
| | - Jean-François Dartigues
- University of Bordeaux and INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Annie Fourrier-Reglat
- CHU Bordeaux, France. University of Bordeaux, INSERM U657, France. INSERM, CIC1401, Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pascale Barberger-Gateau
- University of Bordeaux and INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France
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Girouard H, Obari D, Muhire G, Vallerand D, Ferland G, Sadekova N. Abstract P136: What is the Impact of Arterial Stiffness on Brain's Health. Hypertension 2015. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.66.suppl_1.p136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness is an important risk factor for cognitive decline. However, its specific effects on brain homeostasis are unknown. Hence, the objective of the study is to explore the effects of arterial stiffness on brain's health, especially on oxidative stress, inflammation, cerebrovascular regulation and cognitive functions.
Approach and Results:
Arterial stiffness was induced by applying calcium chloride to carotid arteries of C57BL6 male mice. The control group received sodium chloride. Cerebral inflammation was assessed by quantifying immunoreactivity to activated glia markers ; Iba-1, CD68 and s100β. Oxidative stress was determined with dihydroethidium. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was monitored by laser-Doppler flowmetry in anesthetized mice equipped with a cranial window and spatial memory was tested using the Morris water maze. Results show that arterial stiffness activates microglia in the hippocampus, and astrocytes in the hippocampus and the frontal cortex. Superoxide anion production was elevated in the hippocampus of these mice. Arterial stiffness attenuated the CBF increase produced by stimulation of the vibrissae or by topical application of the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine. The results indicate learning and spatial memory deficit induced by arterial stiffness in comparison to the sodium chloride group.
Conclusions:
This study shows that arterial stiffness, induced by carotid calcification, leads to cerebral inflammation and increased oxidative stress mainly in the hippocampus. Arterial stiffness also alters CBF regulation and cognitive functions. This suggests that arterial stiffness has an impact on cerebral homeostasis and should be considered as a therapeutical target for the prevention of cerebral dysfunctions in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dima Obari
- Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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