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Dutil C, Podinic I, Featherstone RB, Eaton A, Sadler CM, Goldfield GS, Hadjiyannakis S, Gruber R, Tremblay MS, Prud'homme D, Chaput JP. Sleep and insulin sensitivity in adolescents at risk of type 2 diabetes: the Sleep Manipulation in Adolescents at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes (SMART2D)randomized crossover study. Sleep 2023:zsad313. [PMID: 38070132 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of increasing sleep duration for 1 week, compared to a week of habitual and decreased sleep, on insulin sensitivity(IS) in adolescents at risk for type 2 diabetes(T2D). METHODS Adolescents, 13-18y old, at risk for T2D, with obesity and other risk factors, were recruited for a randomized(1:1), open-label, sex-stratified crossover study, that manipulated time-in-bed to modify sleep duration (measured by actigraphy). Following a week of habitual(HB) sleep, time-in-bed was increased(IN) and decreased(DE) by 1h30min/night for 1 week, counterbalanced across participants(HBINDE or HBDEIN), and separated by a week of washout sleep. The main outcome measure was IS, obtained via 2-h oral-glucose-tolerance-test conducted after each sleep week. RESULTS Of the 43 participants recruited, 36(84%) completed all sleep interventions (52.8% female, age=15.1y, body-mass-index=99.9th percentile, order: HBINDE=18 and HBDEIN=18). On average, during the HB week, participants slept 7h31min/night; sleep duration was 1h02min/night higher during the IN week and 1h19min/night lower during the DE week. We found a significant effect of sleep week on IS with a large effect size. Following the IN sleep week, IS was 20% higher compared to after the HB and DE sleep weeks, but there was no significant difference in IS following HB versus DE sleep weeks. CONCLUSION Whenever possible, clinicians should empower youth at risk of T2D to improve their sleep duration, since even a modest increase in sleep duration of 1h/night for one-week can have a positive impact on IS in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dutil
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irina Podinic
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan B Featherstone
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Healthy Active Living (CHAL), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amelia Eaton
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christin M Sadler
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gary S Goldfield
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stasia Hadjiyannakis
- Centre for Healthy Active Living (CHAL), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Reut Gruber
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Attention, Behaviour and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denis Prud'homme
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Université de Moncton, Moncton, New-Brunswick, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Dutil C, Walsh JJ, Featherstone RB, Gunnell KE, Tremblay MS, Gruber R, Weiss SK, Cote KA, Sampson M, Chaput JP. Influence of sleep on developing brain functions and structures in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2018; 42:184-201. [PMID: 30241996 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review examined the associations between sleep and brain functions and structures in children and adolescents aged 1-17 ys. Included studies (n = 24) were peer-reviewed and met the a priori determined population (apparently healthy children and adolescents aged 1 y to 17 ys), intervention/exposure/comparator (various sleep characteristics including duration, architecture, quality, timing), and outcome criteria (brain functions and/or brain structures, excluding cognitive function outcomes). Collectively, the reviewed studies report some relationships between inadequate sleep and resultant differences in brain functions or structures. Although the research presented supports and offers more insight into the importance of sleep for the developing brain of children and adolescents, no firm conclusions that apply broadly may be drawn from these results, particularly because of the diversity of the sleep variables and outcomes. However, it is clear that sleeping habits in the pediatric population should be prioritized. Health care providers should continue to recommend healthy sleep practices and adequate time for sleep, as they are essential for overall health, including brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dutil
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada; School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Jeremy J Walsh
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.
| | - Ryan B Featherstone
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada; School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Katie E Gunnell
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.
| | - Reut Gruber
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.
| | - Shelly K Weiss
- Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
| | - Kimberly A Cote
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
| | - Margaret Sampson
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada; School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
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