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Zarakowska E, Guz J, Mijewski P, Wasilow A, Wozniak J, Roszkowski K, Foksinski M, Gackowski D, Olinski R. Intracellular ascorbate is a safe-guard and/or reservoir for plasma vitamin C in prostate cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:230-236. [PMID: 38036068 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) represents one of the most common cancer types worldwide and many patients suffering from this kind of cancer are treated with radiotherapy (RTH). Ionizing irradiation is closely associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress. Over the years the role of vitamin C (VC) in cancer prevention has been highlighted as it may be mediated by its ability to neutralize pro-carcinogenic ROS. However, the debate concerning the presence of VC in blood and its beneficial effect on the survival of cancer patients is inconsistent and controversial. To our best knowledge until recently there have been no studies concerning such a role of intracellular VC (iVC). In the present study, blood and intracellular concentrations of vitamin C were analyzed along with the level of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), as an established marker of the stress condition, in leukocytes of PC patients during the course of radiotherapy. The level of intracellular vitamin C significantly decreased in PC patients in comparison with the healthy group, while there were no differences in blood VC. It was observed that a sub-group of the PC patients reacted to RTH decreasing VC in leukocytes (group A), while the other sub-group acted the other way round, significantly increasing its level (group B). Under stressful conditions (RTH) leukocytes react in two different ways. Both ways are in good agreement with two well recognized functions, proposed for iVC; it may serve as a save factor, to protect the cellular DNA, increasing its concentration inside the cell (group B), and as a reservoir decreasing the VC level inside leukocytes and releasing VC into the plasma to rescue its physiological level (group A). It was also demonstrated that there was a relationship between the level of 8-oxodG in leukocytes' DNA and the markers of RTH toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Guz
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Pawel Mijewski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Wasilow
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Jakub Wozniak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Roszkowski
- Department of Oncology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Marek Foksinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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Guz J, Zarakowska E, Mijewski P, Wasilow A, Szpotan J, Foksinski M, Brzoszczyk B, Gackowski D, Jarzemski P, Olinski R. Unprecedentedly High Level of Intracellular Vitamin C and DNA Epigenetic Marks in Prostate: Relevant for Male Fertility? Cell Physiol Biochem 2023; 57:200-211. [PMID: 37463420 DOI: 10.33594/000000638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Seminal plasma composition is affected by the physiological state of the prostate, the major male reproductive gland. Semen components, like vitamin C, can modulate sperm function. Vitamin C is an effective scavenger of free radicals and is an essential component of enzymes such as TET proteins involved in the DNA demethylation process. In the present study, a broad range of parameters which may influence the metabolic state of the prostate gland were analysed including blood and prostate tissue vitamin C, epigenetic DNA modifications and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in DNA of leukocytes and prostate tissues. METHODS The experimental material were tissue samples from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), normal/marginal prostate tissues from prostate cancer patients, leukocytes from healthy donors, and blood plasma from BPH patients and healthy donors. We applied ultra-performance liquid chromatography methods with mass spectrometry and/or UV detection. RESULTS We found an unprecedentedly high level of intracellular vitamin C in all analysed prostatic tissues (benign prostatic hyperplasia and normal, marginal ones), a value much higher than in leukocytes and most human tissues. DNA epigenetic patterns in prostate cells are similar to other soft tissues like the colon, however, its uniqueness is the unprecedentedly high level of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine and a significant increase in 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine value compared to aforementioned tissues. Moreover, the level of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine, an established marker of oxidative stress, is significantly higher in prostate tissues than in leukocytes and many previously studied soft tissues. CONCLUSION Our results pointed out that prostatic vitamin C (regarded as the main supplier of the vitamin C to seminal plasma) and the DNA modifications (which may be linked to the regeneration of prostate epithelium) may play important role to maintain the prostate health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Guz
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Pawel Mijewski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wasilow
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Justyna Szpotan
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Marek Foksinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Brzoszczyk
- Clinic of Urology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Jarzemski
- Clinic of Urology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland,
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Skalska-Bugala A, Starczak M, Szukalski Ł, Gawronski M, Siomek-Gorecka A, Szpotan J, Labejszo A, Zarakowska E, Szpila A, Jachalska A, Szukalska A, Kruszewski M, Sadowska A, Wasilow A, Baginska P, Czyz J, Olinski R, Rozalski R, Gackowski D. Diagnostic and Prognostic Power of Active DNA Demethylation Pathway Intermediates in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050888. [PMID: 35269510 PMCID: PMC8909098 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are characterized by genomic instability, which may arise from the global hypomethylation of the DNA. The active DNA demethylation process may be linked with aberrant methylation and can be involved in leukemogenesis. The levels of 5-methylcytosine oxidation products were analyzed in minimally invasive material: the cellular DNA from peripheral blood cells and urine of patients with AML and MDS along with the control group, using isotope-dilution two-dimensional ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used for the assessment of the ability to discriminate patients’ groups from the control group, and AML from MDS. The most diagnostically useful for discriminating AML patients from the control group was the urinary excretion of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (AUC = 0.918, sensitivity: 85%, and specificity: 97%), and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2′-deoxyuridine (0.873, 74%, and 92%), while for MDS patients 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2′-deoxycytidine in DNA (0.905, 82%, and 98%) and urinary 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (0.746, 66%, and 92%). Multi-factor models of classification trees allowed the correct classification of patients with AML and MDS in 95.7% and 94.7% of cases. The highest prognostic value of the analyzed parameters in predicting the transformation of MDS into AML was observed for 5-carboxy-2′-deoxycytidine (0.823, 80%, and 97%) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2′-deoxyuridine (0.872, 100%, and 75%) in DNA. The presented research proves that the intermediates of the active DNA demethylation pathway determined in the completely non-invasive (urine) or minimally invasive (blood) material can be useful in supporting the diagnostic process of patients with MDS and AML. The possibility of an early identification of a group of MDS patients with an increased risk of transformation into AML is of particular importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Skalska-Bugala
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
| | - Marta Starczak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
| | - Łukasz Szukalski
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (Ł.S.); (A.J.); (J.C.)
| | - Maciej Gawronski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
| | - Agnieszka Siomek-Gorecka
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
| | - Justyna Szpotan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Anna Labejszo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Division of Biochemistry and Biogerontology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
| | - Anna Szpila
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
| | - Anna Jachalska
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (Ł.S.); (A.J.); (J.C.)
| | - Adriana Szukalska
- Clinic of Hematology, University Hospital No. 2—Jan Biziel Memorial Hospital, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Clinic of Hematology, University Hospital No. 2—Jan Biziel Memorial Hospital, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Anna Sadowska
- Department of Hematology, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Wasilow
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
| | - Patrycja Baginska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
| | - Jaroslaw Czyz
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (Ł.S.); (A.J.); (J.C.)
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
| | - Rafal Rozalski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (D.G.); Tel.: +48-525-853-749 (D.G & R.R)
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.S.-B.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.-G.); (J.S.); (A.L.); (E.Z.); (A.S.); (A.W.); (P.B.); (R.O.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (D.G.); Tel.: +48-525-853-749 (D.G & R.R)
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Rozalski R, Gackowski D, Skalska-Bugala A, Starczak M, Siomek-Gorecka A, Zarakowska E, Modrzejewska M, Dziaman T, Szpila A, Linowiecka K, Guz J, Szpotan J, Gawronski M, Labejszo A, Gackowska L, Foksinski M, Olinska E, Wasilow A, Koltan A, Styczynski J, Olinski R. The urinary excretion of epigenetically modified DNA as a marker of pediatric ALL status and chemotherapy response. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21345. [PMID: 34725426 PMCID: PMC8560782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00880-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The active DNA demethylation process may be linked to aberrant methylation and may be involved in leukemogenesis. We investigated the role of epigenetic DNA modifications in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) diagnostics and therapy monitoring. We analyzed the levels of 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine (5-mdC) oxidation products in the cellular DNA and urine of children with ALL (at diagnosis and during chemotherapy, n = 55) using two-dimensional ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (2D UPLC–MS/MS). Moreover, the expression of Ten Eleven Translocation enzymes (TETs) at the mRNA and protein levels was determined. Additionally, the ascorbate level in the blood plasma was analyzed. Before treatment, the ALL patients had profoundly higher levels of the analyzed modified DNA in their urine than the controls. After chemotherapy, we observed a statistically significant decrease in active demethylation products in urine, with a final level similar to the level characteristic of healthy children. The level of 5-hmdC in the DNA of the leukocytes in blood of the patient group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Our data suggest that urinary excretion of epigenetic DNA modification may be a marker of pediatric ALL status and a reliable marker of chemotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Rozalski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Skalska-Bugala
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Starczak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Siomek-Gorecka
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Martyna Modrzejewska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Dziaman
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Szpila
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Kinga Linowiecka
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Jolanta Guz
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Justyna Szpotan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Maciej Gawronski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Labejszo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,Department of Geriatrics, Division of Biochemistry and Biogerontology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Lidia Gackowska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marek Foksinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Elwira Olinska
- District Health Center in Kartuzy, 83-300, Kartuzy, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wasilow
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Koltan
- Department of Pediatric, Hematology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jan Styczynski
- Department of Pediatric, Hematology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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5
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Blythe MJ, Kocer A, Rubio-Roldan A, Giles T, Abakir A, Ialy-Radio C, Wheldon LM, Bereshchenko O, Bruscoli S, Kondrashov A, Drevet JR, Emes RD, Johnson AD, McCarrey JR, Gackowski D, Olinski R, Cocquet J, Garcia-Perez JL, Ruzov A. LINE-1 transcription in round spermatids is associated with accretion of 5-carboxylcytosine in their open reading frames. Commun Biol 2021; 4:691. [PMID: 34099857 PMCID: PMC8184969 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02217-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin of male and female gametes undergoes a number of reprogramming events during the transition from germ cell to embryonic developmental programs. Although the rearrangement of DNA methylation patterns occurring in the zygote has been extensively characterized, little is known about the dynamics of DNA modifications during spermatid maturation. Here, we demonstrate that the dynamics of 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) correlate with active transcription of LINE-1 retroelements during murine spermiogenesis. We show that the open reading frames of active and evolutionary young LINE-1s are 5caC-enriched in round spermatids and 5caC is eliminated from LINE-1s and spermiogenesis-specific genes during spermatid maturation, being simultaneously retained at promoters and introns of developmental genes. Our results reveal an association of 5caC with activity of LINE-1 retrotransposons suggesting a potential direct role for this DNA modification in fine regulation of their transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Blythe
- Deep Seq, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ayhan Kocer
- GReD Laboratory, CNRS UMR 6293 - INSERM U1103 - Clermont Université, Aubière, France
| | - Alejandro Rubio-Roldan
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Tom Giles
- Digital Research Service, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Abdulkadir Abakir
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Côme Ialy-Radio
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin - CNRS UMR8104 - Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lee M Wheldon
- Medical Molecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Oxana Bereshchenko
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bruscoli
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Joël R Drevet
- GReD Laboratory, CNRS UMR 6293 - INSERM U1103 - Clermont Université, Aubière, France
| | - Richard D Emes
- Digital Research Service, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK. .,School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK.
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Julie Cocquet
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin - CNRS UMR8104 - Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jose L Garcia-Perez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.,MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alexey Ruzov
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.
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6
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Starczak M, Gawronski M, Olinski R, Gackowski D. Quantification of DNA Modifications Using Two-Dimensional Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2D-UPLC-MS/MS). Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2198:91-108. [PMID: 32822025 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0876-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Our hereby presented methodology is suitable for reliable assessment of the most common DNA modifications which arise as a product of fundamental metabolic processes. 8-oxoguanine, one of the oxidatively modified DNA bases is a typical biomarker of oxidative stress. A noncanonical base, uracil, may also be present in small quantities in DNA. Ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins are involved in oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine which can be further oxidized to 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxycytosine. 5-hydroxymethyluracil may be formed in deamination reaction of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine or can also be generated by TET enzymes. All the above mentioned modifications seem to play some regulatory roles. Here, we provide a protocol for isotope-dilution automated online two-dimensional ultraperformance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (2D-UPLC-MS/MS) for direct measurement of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-carboxy-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, 2'-deoxyuridine, and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine. We also provide optimized protocols for extraction of DNA, fully compatible with the downstream MS/MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Starczak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Gawronski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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7
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Pezone A, Taddei ML, Tramontano A, Dolcini J, Boffo FL, De Rosa M, Parri M, Stinziani S, Comito G, Porcellini A, Raugei G, Gackowski D, Zarakowska E, Olinski R, Gabrielli A, Chiarugi P, Avvedimento EV. Targeted DNA oxidation by LSD1-SMAD2/3 primes TGF-β1/ EMT genes for activation or repression. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:8943-8958. [PMID: 32697292 PMCID: PMC7498341 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex transcriptional program induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). Histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has been recognized as a key mediator of EMT in cancer cells, but the precise mechanism that underlies the activation and repression of EMT genes still remains elusive. Here, we characterized the early events induced by TGF-β1 during EMT initiation and establishment. TGF-β1 triggered, 30–90 min post-treatment, a nuclear oxidative wave throughout the genome, documented by confocal microscopy and mass spectrometry, mediated by LSD1. LSD1 was recruited with phosphorylated SMAD2/3 to the promoters of prototypic genes activated and repressed by TGF-β1. After 90 min, phospho-SMAD2/3 downregulation reduced the complex and LSD1 was then recruited with the newly synthesized SNAI1 and repressors, NCoR1 and HDAC3, to the promoters of TGF-β1-repressed genes such as the Wnt soluble inhibitor factor 1 gene (WIF1), a change that induced a late oxidative burst. However, TGF-β1 early (90 min) repression of transcription also required synchronous signaling by reactive oxygen species and the stress-activated kinase c-Jun N-terminal kinase. These data elucidate the early events elicited by TGF-β1 and the priming role of DNA oxidation that marks TGF-β1-induced and -repressed genes involved in the EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pezone
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +39 0817463614; ;
| | | | | | - Jacopo Dolcini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR, Università Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Ludovica Boffo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR, Università Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR, Università Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Matteo Parri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefano Stinziani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Comito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Raugei
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Armando Gabrielli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Paola Chiarugi. Tel: +39 0552751247;
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8
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Gackowski D, Gawronski M, Kerr C, Radivoyevitch T, Zarakowska E, Starczak M, Abakir A, Ruzov A, Maciejewski JP, Olinski R. 5-formylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethyluracil as surrogate markers of TET2 and SF3B1 mutations in myelodysplastic syndrome, respectively. Haematologica 2019; 105:e213-e215. [PMID: 31488558 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.224030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Gawronski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Cassandra Kerr
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Tomas Radivoyevitch
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Starczak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Abdulkadir Abakir
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Alexey Ruzov
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jaroslaw P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
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9
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Zarakowska E, Czerwinska J, Tupalska A, Yousefzadeh MJ, Gregg SQ, Croix CMS, Niedernhofer LJ, Foksinski M, Gackowski D, Szpila A, Starczak M, Tudek B, Olinski R. Oxidation Products of 5-Methylcytosine are Decreased in Senescent Cells and Tissues of Progeroid Mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:1003-1009. [PMID: 29415265 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-formylcytosine are stable DNA base modifications generated from 5-methylcytosine by the ten-eleven translocation protein family that function as epigenetic markers. 5-Hydroxymethyluracil may also be generated from thymine by ten-eleven translocation enzymes. Here, we asked if these epigenetic changes accumulate in senescent cells, since they are thought to be inversely correlated with proliferation. Testing this in ERCC1-XPF-deficient cells and mice also enabled discovery if these DNA base changes are repaired by nucleotide excision repair. Epigenetic marks were measured in proliferating, quiescent and senescent wild-type (WT) and Ercc1-/- primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The pattern of epigenetic marks depended more on the proliferation status of the cells than their DNA repair capacity. The cytosine modifications were all decreased in senescent cells compared to quiescent or proliferating cells, whereas 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine was increased. In vivo, both 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxycytidine were significantly increased in liver tissues of aged WT mice compared to young adult WT mice. Livers of Ercc1-deficient mice with premature senescence and aging had reduced level of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxycytidine and 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine compared to aged-matched WT controls. Taken together, we demonstrate for the first time, that 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxycytidine is significantly reduced in senescent cells and tissue, potentially yielding a novel marker of senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Jolanta Czerwinska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tupalska
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matt J Yousefzadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida
| | - Siobhán Q Gregg
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida
| | - Marek Foksinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Anna Szpila
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Marta Starczak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Barbara Tudek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
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10
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Starczak M, Zarakowska E, Modrzejewska M, Dziaman T, Szpila A, Linowiecka K, Guz J, Szpotan J, Gawronski M, Labejszo A, Liebert A, Banaszkiewicz Z, Klopocka M, Foksinski M, Gackowski D, Olinski R. In vivo evidence of ascorbate involvement in the generation of epigenetic DNA modifications in leukocytes from patients with colorectal carcinoma, benign adenoma and inflammatory bowel disease. J Transl Med 2018; 16:204. [PMID: 30029654 PMCID: PMC6053776 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A characteristic feature of malignant cells, such as colorectal cancer cells, is a profound decrease in the level of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, a product of 5-methylcytosine oxidation by TET enzymes. Recent studies showed that ascorbate may upregulate the activity of TET enzymes in cultured cells and enhance formation of their products in genomic DNA. METHODS The study included four groups of subjects: healthy controls (n = 79), patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD, n = 51), adenomatous polyps (n = 67) and colorectal cancer (n = 136). The list of analyzed parameters included (i) leukocyte levels of epigenetic DNA modifications and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine, a marker of oxidatively modified DNA, determined by means of isotope-dilution automated online two-dimensional ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, (ii) expression of TET mRNA measured with RT-qPCR, and (iii) chromatographically-determined plasma concentrations of retinol, alpha-tocopherol and ascorbate. RESULTS Patients from all groups presented with significantly lower levels of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in DNA than the controls. A similar tendency was also observed for 5-hydroxymethyluracil level. Patients with IBD showed the highest levels of 5-formylcytosine and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine of all study subjects, and individuals with colorectal cancer presented with the lowest concentrations of ascorbate and retinol. A positive correlation was observed between plasma concentration of ascorbate and levels of two epigenetic modifications, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethyluracil in leukocyte DNA. Moreover, a significant difference was found in the levels of these modifications in patients whose plasma concentrations of ascorbate were below the lower and above the upper quartile for the control group. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that deficiency of ascorbate in the blood may be a marker of its shortage in other tissues, which in turn may correspond to deterioration of DNA methylation-demethylation. These observations may provide a rationale for further research on blood biomarkers of colorectal cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Starczak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Martyna Modrzejewska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Dziaman
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Szpila
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Kinga Linowiecka
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jolanta Guz
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Justyna Szpotan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Gawronski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Labejszo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ariel Liebert
- Department of Vascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Banaszkiewicz
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Curie Sklodowskiej 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Oncological Surgery, Jan Biziel University No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maria Klopocka
- Department of Vascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marek Foksinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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11
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Dziaman T, Gackowski D, Guz J, Linowiecka K, Bodnar M, Starczak M, Zarakowska E, Modrzejewska M, Szpila A, Szpotan J, Gawronski M, Labejszo A, Liebert A, Banaszkiewicz Z, Klopocka M, Foksinski M, Marszalek A, Olinski R. Characteristic profiles of DNA epigenetic modifications in colon cancer and its predisposing conditions-benign adenomas and inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:72. [PMID: 29875879 PMCID: PMC5977551 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0505-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Active demethylation of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-mdC) in DNA occurs by oxidation to 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxycytidine (5-hmdC) and further oxidation to 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-fdC) and 5-carboxy-2'-deoxycytidine (5-cadC), and is carried out by enzymes of the ten-eleven translocation family (TETs 1, 2, 3). Decreased level of epigenetic DNA modifications in cancer tissue may be a consequence of reduced activity/expression of TET proteins. To determine the role of epigenetic DNA modifications in colon cancer development, we analyzed their levels in normal colon and various colonic pathologies. Moreover, we determined the expressions of TETs at mRNA and protein level.The study included material from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), benign polyps (AD), and colorectal cancer (CRC). The levels of epigenetic DNA modifications and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) in examined tissues were determined by means of isotope-dilution automated online two-dimensional ultraperformance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (2D-UPLC-MS/MS). The expressions of TET mRNA were measured with RT-qPCR, and the expressions of TET proteins were determined immunohistochemically. Results IBD was characterized by the highest level of 8-oxodG among all analyzed tissues, as well as by a decrease in 5-hmdC and 5-mdC levels (at a midrange between normal colon and CRC). AD had the lowest levels of 5-hmdC and 5-mdC of all examined tissues and showed an increase in 8-oxodG and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (5-hmdU) levels. CRC was characterized by lower levels of 5-hmdC and 5-mdC, the lowest level of 5-fdC among all analyzed tissues, and relatively high content of 5-cadC. The expression of TET1 mRNA in CRC and AD was significantly weaker than in IBD and normal colon. Furthermore, CRC and AD showed significantly lower levels of TET2 and AID mRNA than normal colonic tissue. Conclusions Our findings suggest that a complex relationship between aberrant pattern of DNA epigenetic modification and cancer development does not depend solely on the transcriptional status of TET proteins, but also on the characteristics of premalignant/malignant cells. This study showed for the first time that the examined colonic pathologies had their unique epigenetic marks, distinguishing them from each other, as well as from normal colonic tissue. A decrease in 5-fdC level may be a characteristic feature of largely undifferentiated cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Dziaman
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland.,7Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karlowicza 24, 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Jolanta Guz
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Kinga Linowiecka
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bodnar
- 2Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland.,6Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngeal Oncology, K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Starczak
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Martyna Modrzejewska
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Anna Szpila
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Justyna Szpotan
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Maciej Gawronski
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Anna Labejszo
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Ariel Liebert
- 4Department of Vascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Banaszkiewicz
- 3Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Maria Klopocka
- 4Department of Vascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Marek Foksinski
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Andrzej Marszalek
- 2Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland.,5Department of Oncologic Pathology and Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland.,7Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karlowicza 24, 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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12
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Foksinski M, Zarakowska E, Gackowski D, Skonieczna M, Gajda K, Hudy D, Szpila A, Bialkowski K, Starczak M, Labejszo A, Czyz J, Rzeszowska-Wolny J, Olinski R. Correction: Profiles of a broad spectrum of epigenetic DNA modifications in normal and malignant human cell lines: Proliferation rate is not the major factor responsible for the 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxycytidine level in cultured cancerous cell lines. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195819. [PMID: 29630664 PMCID: PMC5891026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188856.].
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Foksinski M, Zarakowska E, Gackowski D, Skonieczna M, Gajda K, Hudy D, Szpila A, Bialkowski K, Starczak M, Labejszo A, Czyz J, Rzeszowska-Wolny J, Olinski R. Profiles of a broad spectrum of epigenetic DNA modifications in normal and malignant human cell lines: Proliferation rate is not the major factor responsible for the 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxycytidine level in cultured cancerous cell lines. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188856. [PMID: 29190698 PMCID: PMC5708640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Active demethylation of 5-methylcytosine moiety in DNA occurs by its sequential oxidation to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxycytosine, catalysed by enzymes of the Ten-Eleven Translocation family proteins (TETs 1, 2 and 3). Here we analyzed for the first time all the intermediate products of DNA demethylation pathway in the form of deoxynucleosides (5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2′-deoxycytidine, 5-formyl-2′-deoxycytidine and 5-carboxy-2′-deoxycytidine as well as 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2′-deoxyuridine) using automated isotope-dilution online two-dimensional ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. DNA was isolated from human malignant cell lines of colon adenocarcinoma (HCT 116), melanoma (Me45), myelogenous leukemia bone marrow blasts (K562), EBV-positive Burkitt’s lymphoma lymphoblasts (Raji), EBV-negative Burkitt’s lymphoma lymphoblasts (male-CA46 and female-ST486), as well as normal neonatal dermal fibroblasts (NHDF-Neo). The expression levels of TET1, TET2, TET3, SMUG1, and TDG genes were also assayed by RT-qPCR. Our results show a global erasure of 5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxycytidine and 5-carboxy-2′-deoxycytidine in DNA of cultured cells compared with DNA from primary malignant tissue. Moreover, malignant cells in culture have a quite different DNA epigenetic profile than cultured normal cells, and different types of malignant cells display different and characteristic profiles of DNA epigenetic marks. Similar analyses of a broader spectrum of epigenetic modifications, not restricted to 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine, could lead to better understanding of the mechanism(s) responsible for emergence of different types of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Foksinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Skonieczna
- Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatics, Electronics, and Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Karolina Gajda
- Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatics, Electronics, and Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Dorota Hudy
- Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatics, Electronics, and Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Szpila
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Karol Bialkowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Starczak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Labejszo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Czyz
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Joanna Rzeszowska-Wolny
- Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatics, Electronics, and Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Olinski R, Gackowski D, Cooke MS. Endogenously generated DNA nucleobase modifications source, and significance as possible biomarkers of malignant transformation risk, and role in anticancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1869:29-41. [PMID: 29128527 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The DNA of all living cells undergoes continuous structural and chemical alteration, which may be derived from exogenous sources, or endogenous, metabolic pathways, such as cellular respiration, replication and DNA demethylation. It has been estimated that approximately 70,000 DNA lesions may be generated per day in a single cell, and this has been linked to a wide variety of diseases, including cancer. However, it is puzzling why potentially mutagenic DNA modifications, occurring at a similar level in different organs/tissue, may lead to organ/tissue specific cancers, or indeed non-malignant disease - what is the basis for this differential response? We suggest that it is perhaps the precise location of damage, within the genome, that is a key factor. Finally, we draw attention to the requirement for reliable methods for identification and quantification of DNA adducts/modifications, and stress the need for these assays to be fully validated. Once these prerequisites are satisfied, measurement of DNA modifications may be helpful as a clinical parameter for treatment monitoring, risk group identification and development of prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marcus S Cooke
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, Modesto A. Maidique Campus, AHC5 355 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, United States
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Skonieczna M, Cieslar-Pobuda A, Saenko Y, Foksinski M, Olinski R, Rzeszowska-Wolny J, Wiechec E. The Impact of DIDS-Induced Inhibition of Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels (VDAC) on Cellular Response of Lymphoblastoid Cells to Ionizing Radiation. Med Chem 2017; 13:477-483. [PMID: 28427245 DOI: 10.2174/1573406413666170421102353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC) play an essential role in the cross talk between mitochondria and the rest of the cell. Their implication in cell life and cell death has been studied extensively in recent years. In this work we studied the impact of mitochondrial membrane (VDACs) on cell survival and response to X-ionizing radiation (IR) of human lymphoblastoid K562 cells. METHODS The inhibition of VDACs was achieved by 4,4`-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2`-disulfonic acid (DIDS) inhibitor and in vitro experiments including clonogenity assay, UV-visible spectrophotometry, comet assay and FACS analysis were implemented. RESULTS Inhibition of VDAC led to augmentation of IR-induced apoptosis and ROS production. Additionally, DIDS affected repair of IR-induced DNA strand breaks and was in line with both induction of apoptosis and caspase activity. The IR-induced NO production was potently reduced by inhibition of VDAC. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that VDAC control cellular response to ionizing radiation through modulation of the ROS- and NO-dependent signaling pathways. Inhibition of VDAC with DIDS induced apoptosis in irradiated K562 lymphoblastoid cells points at DIDS, as a promising agent to enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Skonieczna
- Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Artur Cieslar-Pobuda
- Stem Cell Group, Nordic EMBL Partnership, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1137, Blindern 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Yuriy Saenko
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, S.P. Kapitsa Technological Research Institute, Ulyanovsk State University, Lva Tolstogo 42, 432970 Ulyanovsk, Russian Federation
| | - Marek Foksinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24, Bydgoszcz 85-092, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24, Bydgoszcz 85-092, Poland
| | - Joanna Rzeszowska-Wolny
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 8, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Emilia Wiechec
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKE), Linköping University; Pathology Building, Level 9; 581 85 Linkoping, Sweden
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Radivoyevitch T, Hirsch C, Adema V, Jha B, Lindner D, Olinski R, Xu M, Maciejewski J, Visconte V. TET2 is Iron-Dependent so its Activity may be Compromised in SF3B1 Mutated Age-Related Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential. Leuk Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(17)30148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gackowski D, Starczak M, Zarakowska E, Modrzejewska M, Szpila A, Banaszkiewicz Z, Olinski R. Accurate, Direct, and High-Throughput Analyses of a Broad Spectrum of Endogenously Generated DNA Base Modifications with Isotope-Dilution Two-Dimensional Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Possible Clinical Implication. Anal Chem 2016; 88:12128-12136. [PMID: 28193047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Our hereby presented methodology is suitable for reliable assessment of the most common unavoidable DNA modifications which arise as a product of fundamental metabolic processes. 8-Oxoguanine, one of the oxidatively modified DNA bases, is a typical biomarker of oxidative stress. A noncanonical base, uracil, may be also present in small quantities in DNA. A set of ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins are involved in oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine which can be further oxidized to 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxycytosine. 5-Hydroxymethyluracil may be formed in deamination reaction of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine or can be also generated by TET enzymes. All of the aforementioned modifications seem to play some regulatory roles. We applied isotope-dilution automated online two-dimensional ultraperformance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (2D-UPLC-MS/MS) for direct measurement of the 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-carboxy-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, 2'-deoxyuridine, and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine. Analyses of DNA extracted from matched human samples showed that the 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxycytidine level was 5-fold lower in colorectal carcinoma tumor in comparison with the normal one from the tumor's margin; also 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine and 5-carboxy-2'-deoxycytidine were lower in colorectal carcinoma tissue (ca. 2.5- and 3.5-fold, respectively). No such differences was found for 2'-deoxyuridine and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine. The presented methodology is suitable for fast, accurate, and complex evaluation of an array of endogenously generated DNA deoxynucleosides modifications. This novel technique could be used for monitoring of cancer and other diseases related to oxidative stress, aberrant metabolism, and environmental exposure. Furthermore, the fully automated two-dimensional separation is extremely useful for analysis of material containing a considerable amount of coeluting interferents with mass-spectrometry-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń , 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Starczak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń , 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń , 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Martyna Modrzejewska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń , 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Szpila
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń , 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Banaszkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń , 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń , 85-095 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Rozalski R, Gackowski D, Siomek‐Gorecka A, Banaszkiewicz Z, Olinski R. Urinary Measurement of Epigenetic DNA Modifications: A Non-Invasive Assessment of the Whole-Body Epigenetic Status in Healthy Subjects and Colorectal Cancer Patients. ChemistryOpen 2016; 5:550-553. [PMID: 28032024 PMCID: PMC5167278 DOI: 10.1002/open.201600103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Active mechanism of DNA demethylation can be responsible for the activation of previously silenced genes. Products of 5-methylcytosine oxidation are released into the bloodstream and eventually excreted with urine. Therefore, whole-body epigenetic status can be assessed non-invasively on the basis of the urinary excretion of a broad spectrum of epigenetic modifications: 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmCyt), 5-formylcytosine (5-fCyt), 5-carboxycytosine (5-caCyt), and 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5-hmUra). We have developed a specific and sensitive, isotope-dilution, automated, online, two-dimensional ultra-performance liquid chromatography system with tandem mass spectrometry (2D UPLC-MS/MS) to measure 5-hmCyt, 5-fCyt, 5-caCyt, and their deoxynucleosides in the same urine sample. Human urine contains all of the modifications except from 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-fdC) and 5-carboxy-2'-deoxycytidine (5-cadC). A highly significant difference in the urinary excretion of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2'-deoxycytidine (5-hmdC) was found between healthy subjects and colorectal cancer patients (3.5 vs. 7.8 nmol mmol-1 creatinine, respectively), as well as strong correlations between the majority of analyzed compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Rozalski
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryFaculty of PharmacyNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńCollegium Medicum in BydgoszczKarlowicza 2485-092BydgoszczPoland
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryFaculty of PharmacyNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńCollegium Medicum in BydgoszczKarlowicza 2485-092BydgoszczPoland
| | - Agnieszka Siomek‐Gorecka
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryFaculty of PharmacyNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńCollegium Medicum in BydgoszczKarlowicza 2485-092BydgoszczPoland
| | - Zbigniew Banaszkiewicz
- Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńCollegium Medicum in BydgoszczUjejskiego 7585-168BydgoszczPoland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryFaculty of PharmacyNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńCollegium Medicum in BydgoszczKarlowicza 2485-092BydgoszczPoland
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Modrzejewska M, Gawronski M, Skonieczna M, Zarakowska E, Starczak M, Foksinski M, Rzeszowska-Wolny J, Gackowski D, Olinski R. Vitamin C enhances substantially formation of 5-hydroxymethyluracil in cellular DNA. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 101:378-383. [PMID: 27833031 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.10.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The most plausible mechanism behind active demethylation of 5-methylcytosine involves TET proteins which participate in oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine; the latter is further oxidized to 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxycytosine. 5-Hydroxymethyluracil can be also generated from thymine in a TET-catalyzed process. Ascorbate was previously demonstrated to enhance generation of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in cultured cells. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of the abovementioned TET-mediated oxidation products of 5-methylcytosine and thymine after addition of ascorbate, using an isotope-dilution automated online two-dimensional ultra-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Intracellular concentration of ascorbate was determined by means of ultra-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. Irrespective of its concentration in culture medium (10-100µM) and inside the cell, ascorbate stimulated a moderate (2- to 3-fold) albeit persistent (up to 96-h) increase in the level of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. However, exposure of cells to higher concentrations of ascorbate (100µM or 1mM) stimulated a substantial increase in 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxycytosine levels. Moreover, for the first time we demonstrated a spectacular (up to 18.5-fold) increase in 5-hydroxymethyluracil content what, in turn, suggests that TET enzymes contributed to the presence of the modification in cellular DNA. These findings suggest that physiological concentrations of ascorbate in human serum (10-100µM) are sufficient to maintain a stable level of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in cellular DNA. However, markedly higher concentrations of ascorbate (ca. 100µM in the cell milieu or ca. 1mM inside the cell) were needed to obtain a sustained increase in 5-formylcytosine, 5-carboxycytosine and 5-hydroxymethyluracil levels. Such feedback to elevated concentrations of ascorbate may reflect adaptation of the cell to environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Modrzejewska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Maciej Gawronski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Skonieczna
- Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatics, Electronics, and Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Marta Starczak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Marek Foksinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Rzeszowska-Wolny
- Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatics, Electronics, and Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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Olinski R, Starczak M, Gackowski D. Enigmatic 5-hydroxymethyluracil: Oxidatively modified base, epigenetic mark or both? Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research 2016; 767:59-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gackowski D, Zarakowska E, Starczak M, Modrzejewska M, Olinski R. Tissue-Specific Differences in DNA Modifications (5-Hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-Formylcytosine, 5-Carboxylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethyluracil) and Their Interrelationships. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144859. [PMID: 26660343 PMCID: PMC4682766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Replication-independent active/enzymatic demethylation may be an important process in the functioning of somatic cells. The most plausible mechanisms of active 5-methylcytosine demethylation, leading to activation of previously silenced genes, involve ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins that participate in oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine which can be further oxidized to 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine. Recently, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine was demonstrated to be a relatively stable modification, and the previously observed substantial differences in the level of this modification in various murine tissues were shown to depend mostly on cell proliferation rate. Some experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that 5-hydroxymethyluracil may be also generated by TET enzymes and has epigenetic functions. RESULTS Using an isotope-dilution automated online two-dimensional ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, we have analyzed, for the first time, all the products of active DNA demethylation pathway: 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine and 5-carboxyl-2'-deoxycytidine, as well as 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, in DNA isolated from various rat and porcine tissues. A strong significant inverse linear correlation was found between the proliferation rate of cells and the global level of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxycytidine in both porcine (R2 = 0.88) and rat tissues (R2 = 0.83); no such relationship was observed for 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine and 5-carboxyl-2'-deoxycytidine. Moreover, a substrate-product correlation was demonstrated for the two consecutive steps of iterative oxidation pathway: between 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxycytidine and its product 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine, as well as between 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine and 5-carboxyl-2'-deoxycytidine (R2 = 0.60 and R2 = 0.71, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Good correlations within the substrate-product sets of iterative oxidation pathway may suggest that a part of 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine and/or 5-carboxyl-2'-deoxycytidine can be directly linked to a small portion of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxycytidine which defines the active demethylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Starczak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Martyna Modrzejewska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Rozalski R, Gackowski D, Siomek-Gorecka A, Starczak M, Modrzejewska M, Banaszkiewicz Z, Olinski R. Urinary 5-hydroxymethyluracil and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine as potential biomarkers in patients with colorectal cancer. Biomarkers 2015; 20:287-91. [PMID: 26329524 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2015.1068860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Oxidative stress linked with chronic inflammation is associated with etiology of the colorectal cancer. OBJECTIVES To assess the diagnostic utility of urinary excretion of oxidatively modified DNA bases/nucleoside: 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua), 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) and 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5-hmUra). MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-two healthy controls, 15 patients with adenomas and 56 colorectal cancer patients were recruited. RESULTS The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for all markers tested separately was <0.7. The combination of these modifications showed better diagnostic power (AUC = 0.778 for 8-oxoGua + 8-oxodG)/5hmUra ratio). CONCLUSION Urinary DNA modifications may reflect the oxidative stress/chronic inflammation in colorectal cancer but diagnostic performance for early-detection is moderate.
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Dziaman T, Ludwiczak H, Ciesla JM, Banaszkiewicz Z, Winczura A, Chmielarczyk M, Wisniewska E, Marszalek A, Tudek B, Olinski R. PARP-1 expression is increased in colon adenoma and carcinoma and correlates with OGG1. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115558. [PMID: 25526641 PMCID: PMC4272268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ethiology of colon cancer is largely dependent on inflammation driven oxidative stress. The analysis of 8-oxodeoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) level in leukocyte DNA of healthy controls (138 individuals), patients with benign adenomas (AD, 137 individuals) and with malignant carcinomas (CRC, 169 individuals) revealed a significant increase in the level of 8-oxodGuo in leukocyte DNA of AD and CRC patients in comparison to controls. The counteracting mechanism is base excision repair, in which OGG1 and PARP-1 play a key role. We investigated the level of PARP-1 and OGG1 mRNA and protein in diseased and marginal, normal tissues taken from AD and CRC patients and in leukocytes taken from the patients as well as from healthy subjects. In colon tumors the PARP-1 mRNA level was higher than in unaffected colon tissue and in polyp tissues. A high positive correlation was found between PARP-1 and OGG1 mRNA levels in all investigated tissues. This suggests reciprocal influence of PARP-1 and OGG1 on their expression and stability, and may contribute to progression of colon cancer. PARP-1 and OGG1 proteins level was several fold higher in polyps and CRC in comparison to normal colon tissues. Individuals bearing the Cys326Cys genotype of OGG1 were characterized by higher PARP-1 protein level in diseased tissues than the Ser326Cys and Ser326Ser genotypes. Aforementioned result may suggest that the diseased cells with polymorphic OGG1 recruit more PARP protein, which is necessary to remove 8-oxodGuo. Thus, patients with decreased activity of OGG1/polymorphism of the OGG1 gene and higher 8-oxodGuo level may be more susceptible to treatment with PARP-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Dziaman
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karlowicza 24, PO-85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Hubert Ludwiczak
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, PO-02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw M. Ciesla
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, PO-02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Banaszkiewicz
- Department of Surgery, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Ujejskiego 75, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alicja Winczura
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, PO-02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Chmielarczyk
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Pawinskiego 5a, PO-02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Wisniewska
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, PO-85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Marszalek
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, PO-85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Barbara Tudek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, PO-02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Pawinskiego 5a, PO-02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail: (RO); (BT)
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karlowicza 24, PO-85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- * E-mail: (RO); (BT)
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Guz J, Gackowski D, Foksinski M, Rozalski R, Olinski R. Comparison of the Absolute Level of Epigenetic Marks 5-Methylcytosine, 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine, and 5-Hydroxymethyluracil Between Human Leukocytes and Sperm1. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:55. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.121541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Olinski R, Styczynski J, Olinska E, Gackowski D. Viral infection-oxidative stress/DNA damage-aberrant DNA methylation: separate or interrelated events responsible for genetic instability and childhood ALL development? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1846:226-31. [PMID: 25003587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disorder that originates in a single B- or T-lymphocyte progenitor and is characterized by a range of numeric and structural chromosomal aberrations. Although, so far no clear cause can be found for ALL the most commonly recognized and strongest causal factor is infection. However, an interesting question is how viral infection may be responsible for genetic changes that lead to lymphoid cell transformation. A plausible mechanism by which infection might impact the process of leukemogenesis via genetic alteration is through: oxidative stress/DNA damage which is closely linked with inflammation, aberrant expression of AID/ABOBEC family enzymes which may be responsible for massive mutation introduction and alteration of DNA methylation, leading to changes in the expression of hematopoietic genes. In this review we propose several specific molecular mechanisms which link infection with all the above-mentioned processes. The most likely event which links common virus infection with ALL pathogenesis is aberrant expression of AID/APOBEC. This event may be directly responsible for the introduction of point mutations (as the result of cytosine or 5-methylcytosine deamination and formation of G:U or G:T misspairs) as well as changes in DNA methylation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Jan Styczynski
- Department of Paediatrics, Haematology and Oncology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Abstract
Abstract
The method presented here enables the isolation of three monofunctional adducts. These are: platination of cytosine, adenine and guanosine. The three detected bifunctional complexes were: guanine N7 to N7, adenine N7 to N7 and adenine N7 to N1. A mixed bifunctional complex of guanine and adenosine and the product of polymerization of three adenines and two moieties of cis DDP were also detected.
In the peak eluted separately from the guanine standard, no Pt was detected. The sample eluted in this peak had UV spectrum different from the standard and may represent the degraded product of guanine and polymerized Pt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16. 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | - Zofia Walter
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16. 90-237 Łódź, Poland
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Zarakowska E, Gackowski D, Foksinski M, Olinski R. Are 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoGua) and 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5-hmUra) oxidatively damaged DNA bases or transcription (epigenetic) marks? Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2013; 764-765:58-63. [PMID: 24055867 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The oxidatively modified DNA base 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua) is nontoxic and weakly mutagenic. Here we report on new data suggesting a potential for 8-oxoGua to affect the expression of several genes via epigenetic changes resulting in chromatin relaxation. Using pig thymus extract, we analyzed the distribution of 8-oxoGua among different nuclei fractions representative of transcriptionally active and silenced regions. The levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) found in transcriptionally active euchromatin (4.37/10(6) nucleotides) and in the matrix fraction (4.16/10(6) nucleotides) were about 5 times higher than in transcriptionally silenced heterochromatin (0.91/10(6) nucleotides). Other experimental data are presented which suggest that 8-oxoGua present in specific DNA sequences may be widely used for transcription regulation. Like 8-oxoGua, 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5-hmUra) is another oxidatively modified DNA base (the derivative is formed by thymine oxidation). Recent experimental evidence supports the notion that 5-hmUra plays an important role in active DNA demethylation. This involves overexpression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) protein (the key proteins involved in active demethylation), which leads to global accumulation of 5-hmUra. Our preliminary data demonstrate a significant increase of the 5-hmUra levels in pig brain extract when compared with liver extract. The lack of 5-hmUra in Escherichia coli DNA also speaks for a role of this modification in the active demethylation process. It is concluded that 8-oxodG and 5-hmUra in DNA may be considered as epigenetic marks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marek Foksinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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Dziaman T, Banaszkiewicz Z, Roszkowski K, Gackowski D, Wisniewska E, Rozalski R, Foksinski M, Siomek A, Speina E, Winczura A, Marszalek A, Tudek B, Olinski R. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine and uric acid as efficient predictors of survival in colon cancer patients. Int J Cancer 2013; 134:376-83. [PMID: 23832862 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to answer the question whether the broad range of parameters which describe oxidative stress and oxidatively damaged DNA and repair are appropriate prognosis factors of colon cancer (CRC) patients survival? The following parameters were analyzed for 89 CRC patients: concentration of uric acid and vitamins A, E, C in plasma; levels of 8-oxodGuo (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine) in DNA of leukocyte and colon tissues; urinary excretion rates of 8-oxodGuo and 8-oxoGua (8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine); the activity and mRNA or protein level of repair enzymes OGG1, APE1, ANPG, TDG and PARP1. All DNA modifications and plasma antioxidants were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or HPLC/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques. Expression of repair proteins was analyzed by QPCR, Western or immunohistochemistry methods. Longer survival coincided with low levels of 8-oxodGuo/8oxoGua in urine and 8-oxodGuo in DNA as well as with high concentration of uric acid plasma level. In contrast to expectations, longer survival coincided with lower mRNA level in normal colon tissue of the main 8-oxoGua DNA glycosylase, OGG1, but no association was found for PARP-1 expression. When analyzing simultaneously two parameters the discriminating power increased significantly. Combination of low level of urinary 8-oxoGua together with low level of 8-oxodGuo in leukocyte (both below median value) or high concentration of plasma uric acid (above median value) have the best prediction power. Since prediction value of these parameters seems to be comparable to conventional staging procedure, they could possibly be used as markers to predict clinical success in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Dziaman
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Barregard L, Møller P, Henriksen T, Mistry V, Koppen G, Rossner P, Sram RJ, Weimann A, Poulsen HE, Nataf R, Andreoli R, Manini P, Marczylo T, Lam P, Evans MD, Kasai H, Kawai K, Li YS, Sakai K, Singh R, Teichert F, Farmer PB, Rozalski R, Gackowski D, Siomek A, Saez GT, Cerda C, Broberg K, Lindh C, Hossain MB, Haghdoost S, Hu CW, Chao MR, Wu KY, Orhan H, Senduran N, Smith RJ, Santella RM, Su Y, Cortez C, Yeh S, Olinski R, Loft S, Cooke MS. Human and methodological sources of variability in the measurement of urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18. [PMID: 23198723 PMCID: PMC3671631 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is a widely used biomarker of oxidative stress. However, variability between chromatographic and ELISA methods hampers interpretation of data, and this variability may increase should urine composition differ between individuals, leading to assay interference. Furthermore, optimal urine sampling conditions are not well defined. We performed inter-laboratory comparisons of 8-oxodG measurement between mass spectrometric-, electrochemical- and ELISA-based methods, using common within-technique calibrants to analyze 8-oxodG-spiked phosphate-buffered saline and urine samples. We also investigated human subject- and sample collection-related variables, as potential sources of variability. RESULTS Chromatographic assays showed high agreement across urines from different subjects, whereas ELISAs showed far more inter-laboratory variation and generally overestimated levels, compared to the chromatographic assays. Excretion rates in timed 'spot' samples showed strong correlations with 24 h excretion (the 'gold' standard) of urinary 8-oxodG (rp 0.67-0.90), although the associations were weaker for 8-oxodG adjusted for creatinine or specific gravity (SG). The within-individual excretion of 8-oxodG varied only moderately between days (CV 17% for 24 h excretion and 20% for first void, creatinine-corrected samples). INNOVATION This is the first comprehensive study of both human and methodological factors influencing 8-oxodG measurement, providing key information for future studies with this important biomarker. CONCLUSION ELISA variability is greater than chromatographic assay variability, and cannot determine absolute levels of 8-oxodG. Use of standardized calibrants greatly improves intra-technique agreement and, for the chromatographic assays, importantly allows integration of results for pooled analyses. If 24 h samples are not feasible, creatinine- or SG-adjusted first morning samples are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Barregard
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Rozalski R, Migdalski A, Gackowski D, Guz J, Siomek A, Foksinski M, Szpila A, Zarakowska E, Majer M, Jawien A, Olinski R. Does morphology of carotid plaque depend on patient's oxidative stress? Clin Biochem 2013; 46:1030-1035. [PMID: 23726810 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and stability of carotid plaque. We decided to analyze the broad range of parameters describing oxidative stress in patients with carotid stenosis. DESIGN AND METHODS 124 consecutive patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were enrolled in the study group. The control group consisted of 49 patients without symptoms of atherosclerosis. The stability of carotid plaques was assessed using GSM (gray-scale median) scoring system and the study group was divided into three subgroups according to echogenicity of the plaque. The following parameters of oxidative stress/DNA damage were analyzed: i) urinary excretion of the products of oxidative DNA damage repair; ii) the background level of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in leukocytes' DNA and in atherosclerotic plaques; and iii) the concentrations of antioxidant vitamins, uric acid and C-reactive protein in plasma. RESULTS Oxidative stress (described by redox status) was higher in the patient group than in the control group. There is a correlation between oxidative stress of the patients and stability of the plaque, echolucent plaques (GSM<25) being associated with the highest antioxidant level and lowest excretion of DNA repair markers. CONCLUSIONS The plaque formation/morphology may depend on local environment and is independent of oxidative stress/inflammation observed on the level of the whole body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Rozalski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Migdalski
- Department of Surgery, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Daniel Gackowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jolanta Guz
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Siomek
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marek Foksinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Szpila
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Zarakowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marcin Majer
- Department of Angiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Jawien
- Department of Surgery, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Roszkowski K, Olinski R. Urinary 8-oxoguanine as a predictor of survival in patients undergoing radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e22197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e22197 Background: Despite several factors with prognostic value which are available for conventional cancer therapy, there is no test of the outcome of radiotherapy for individual prediction. Usually a certain dose level is prescribed for a whole group of cancer patients with similar diagnosis. This dose is set empirically taking into consideration the most sensitive patients. However, development of a prognostic test would allow to predict in advance which patients may be treated with even a higher dose while in the other case to find another more successful modality. The aim of this work was to investigate whether fractionated radiotherapy of cancer patients (n=99) is responsible for oxidative DNA damage on the level of the whole organism and whether the biomarkers of the damage such as 8-oxo-dG (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine) and its modified base (8-oxo-Gua) in urine and DNA may be used as a predictor of radiotherapy success. Methods: All the aforementioned modifications were analyzed using techniques which involve HPLC/EC or HPLC/GC/MS. Results: Of all analysed parameters only patients with significantly elevated urinary excretion of the 8-oxo-Gua with concomitant unchanged level of 8-oxo-dG in leukocytes DNA in the samples collected 24 h after the first fraction in comparison to the initial level have significantly increased survival time (60 mo. after the treatment, survival of 50% of the patients who fulfill the above mentioned criteria, in comparison with 10% of the patients who did not). Conclusions: Results of our work suggest that patients with higher urinary 8-oxo-Gua and concomitant stable level of 8-oxo-dG in leukocytes DNA, after 24h of the first dose should be regarded as better responder to radiotherapy as being at lower risk of mortality. Impact: The above mentioned statement could make it possible to use these parameters as a markers to predict the clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryszard Olinski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Jaruga P, Rozalski R, Jawien A, Migdalski A, Olinski R, Dizdaroglu M. DNA Damage Products (5′R)- and (5′S)-8,5′-Cyclo-2′-deoxyadenosines as Potential Biomarkers in Human Urine for Atherosclerosis. Biochemistry 2012; 51:1822-4. [DOI: 10.1021/bi201912c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Jaruga
- Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg,
Maryland 20899, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Miral Dizdaroglu
- Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg,
Maryland 20899, United States
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Cadet J, Loft S, Olinski R, Evans MD, Bialkowski K, Richard Wagner J, Dedon PC, Møller P, Greenberg MM, Cooke MS. Biologically relevant oxidants and terminology, classification and nomenclature of oxidatively generated damage to nucleobases and 2-deoxyribose in nucleic acids. Free Radic Res 2012; 46:367-81. [PMID: 22263561 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2012.659248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A broad scientific community is involved in investigations aimed at delineating the mechanisms of formation and cellular processing of oxidatively generated damage to nucleic acids. Perhaps as a consequence of this breadth of research expertise, there are nomenclature problems for several of the oxidized bases including 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua), a ubiquitous marker of almost every type of oxidative stress in cells. Efforts to standardize the nomenclature and abbreviations of the main DNA degradation products that arise from oxidative pathways are reported. Information is also provided on the main oxidative radicals, non-radical oxygen species, one-electron agents and enzymes involved in DNA degradation pathways as well in their targets and reactivity. A brief classification of oxidatively generated damage to DNA that may involve single modifications, tandem base modifications, intrastrand and interstrand cross-links together with DNA-protein cross-links and base adducts arising from the addition of lipid peroxides breakdown products is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Cadet
- Direction des Sciences de Matière, Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, CEA/Grenoble, Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
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Møller P, Cooke MS, Collins A, Olinski R, Rozalski R, Loft S. Harmonising measurements of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine in cellular DNA and urine. Free Radic Res 2012; 46:541-53. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2011.644241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of the importance to identify prognostic indicator for radiotherapy, herein we decided to check whether the parameters which describe oxidative stress/DNA damage may be used as a marker of the therapy. The aim of this work was to investigate whether fractionated radiotherapy of patients with cancer (n = 99) is responsible for oxidative DNA damage on the level of the whole organism and whether the biomarkers of the damage such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) and its modified base 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxo-Gua) in urine and DNA may be used as a predictor of radiotherapy success. METHODS All the aforementioned modifications were analyzed using techniques which involve high-performance liquid chromatography/electrochemical detection (HPLC/EC) or HPLC/gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). RESULTS Of all analyzed parameters only patients with significantly elevated urinary excretion of the 8-oxo-Gua with concomitant unchanged level of 8-oxo-dG in leukocytes DNA in the samples collected 24 hours after the first fraction in comparison to the initial level have significantly increased survival time (60 months after the treatment, survival of 50% of the patients who fulfill the above mentioned criteria, in comparison with 10% of the patients who did not). CONCLUSIONS Results of our work suggest that patients with higher urinary 8-oxo-Gua and concomitant stable level of 8-oxo-dG in leukocytes DNA, after 24 hours of the first dose should be regarded as better responder to radiotherapy as being at lower risk of mortality. IMPACT The above mentioned statement could make it possible to use these parameters as markers to predict the clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Roszkowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karłowicza 24, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Janik J, Swoboda M, Janowska B, Cieśla JM, Gackowski D, Kowalewski J, Olinski R, Tudek B, Speina E. 8-Oxoguanine incision activity is impaired in lung tissues of NSCLC patients with the polymorphism of OGG1 and XRCC1 genes. Mutat Res 2011; 709-710:21-31. [PMID: 21376741 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Decreased repair of oxidative DNA damage is a risk factor for developing certain human malignancies. We have previously found that the capacity of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine repair was lower in leukocytes of NSCLC patients than in controls. To explain these observations, we searched for mutations and polymorphisms in the OGG1 gene among 88 NSCLC patients and 79 controls. One patient exhibited a heterozygous mutation in exon 1, which resulted in Arg46Gln substitution. Normal lung and tumor tissue carrying this mutation showed markedly lower 8-oxoG incision activity than the mean for all patients. The predominant polymorphism of OGG1 was Ser326Cys. A significant difference was observed in the frequencies of the OGG1 variants between populations of NSCLC patients and controls. The frequency of the Cys326 allele and the number of Cys326Cys homozygotes was higher among patients than controls. In individuals with either Ser326Cys or Cys326Cys genotype 8-oxoG incision rate was lower than in those with both Ser326 alleles, either in lung or leukocytes. Moreover, 8-oxodG level was higher in lung tissue and leukocytes of patients carrying two Cys326 alleles and in leukocytes of patients with the Ser326Cys genotype. We also screened for polymorphisms of the XRCC1 gene. Only heterozygotes of the XRCC1 variants Arg194Trp, Arg280His and Arg399Gln were found among patients and controls, with the frequency of Arg280His being significantly higher among patients. NSCLC patients with Arg280His or Arg399Gln polymorphism revealed lower 8-oxoG incision activity in their lung tissues, but not in leukocytes. We can conclude that the OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphisms may have an impact on the efficiency of 8-oxoG incision in humans and the XRCC1 His280 and Gln399 may influence the OGG1 activity in tissues exposed to chronic oxidative/inflammatory stress. Higher frequency of the OGG1 Cys326 allele among NSCLC patients may partially explain the impairment of the 8-oxoG repair observed in their leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Janik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Szaflarska-Poplawska A, Siomek A, Czerwionka-Szaflarska M, Gackowski D, Rózalski R, Guz J, Szpila A, Zarakowska E, Olinski R. Oxidatively damaged DNA/oxidative stress in children with celiac disease. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010; 19:1960-5. [PMID: 20696659 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because patients with celiac disease face increased risk of cancer and there is considerable circumstantial evidence that oxidatively damaged DNA may be used as a marker predictive of cancer development, we decided, for the first time, to characterize oxidative stress/oxidative DNA damage in celiac disease patients. METHODS Two kinds of oxidatively damaged DNA biomarkers, namely, urinary excretion of 8-oxodG and 8-oxoGua, and the level of oxidatively damaged DNA in the leukocytes, as well as the level of antioxidant vitamins were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and HPLC/gas chromatography with isotope dilution mass detection methods. These parameters were determined in three groups: (a) children with untreated celiac disease, (b) patients with celiac disease on a strict gluten-free diet, and (c) healthy children. RESULTS The mean level of 8-oxodG in DNA isolated from the leukocytes and in the urine samples of the two groups of celiacs was significantly higher than in controls, irrespective of diet. There was no statistically significant difference in these parameters between treated and untreated celiacs. The mean plasma retinol and alpha-tocopherol concentration in the samples of untreated celiacs was significantly lower than in treated celiacs. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that although diet can be partially responsible for oxidative stress/oxidatively damaged DNA in celiac patients, there is a factor independent of diet. IMPACT It is possible that celiac disease patients may be helped by dietary supplementation rich in vitamin A (and E) to minimize the risk of cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szaflarska-Poplawska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Karlowicza 24, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Siomek A, Brzoska K, Sochanowicz B, Gackowski D, Rozalski R, Foksinski M, Zarakowska E, Szpila A, Guz J, Bartlomiejczyk T, Kalinowski B, Kruszewski M, Olinski R. Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase deficiency in mice leads to organ-specific increase in oxidatively damaged DNA and NF-κB1 protein activity. Acta Biochim Pol 2010. [DOI: 10.18388/abp.2010_2447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Earlier experimental studies have demonstrated that: i) Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase deficiency leads to oxidative stress and carcinogenesis; ii) dysregulation of NF-κB pathway can mediate a wide variety of diseases, including cancer. Therefore, we decided, for the first time, to examine the level of oxidative DNA damage and the DNA binding activity of NF-κB proteins in SOD1 knockout, heterozygous and wild-type mice. Two kinds of biomarkers of oxidatively damaged DNA: urinary excretion of 8-oxodG and 8-oxoGua, and the level of oxidatively damaged DNA were analysed using HPLC-GC-MS and HPLC-EC. The DNA binding activity of p50 and p65 proteins in a nuclear extracts was assessed using NF-κB p50/p65 EZ-TFA transcription factor assay. These parameters were determined in the brain, liver, kidney and urine of SOD1 knockout, heterozygous and wild-type mice. The level of 8-oxodG in DNA was higher in the liver and kidney of knockout mice than in wild type. No differences were found in urinary excretion of 8-oxoGua and 8-oxodG between wild type and the SOD1-deficient animals. The activity of the p50 protein was higher in the kidneys, but surprisingly not in the livers of SOD1-deficient mice, whereas p65 activity did not show any variability. Our results indicate that in Cu,Zn-SOD-deficient animals the level of oxidative DNA damage and NF-κB1 activity are elevated in certain organs only, which may provide some explanation for organ-specific ROS-induced carcinogenesis.
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Siomek A, Brzoska K, Sochanowicz B, Gackowski D, Rozalski R, Foksinski M, Zarakowska E, Szpila A, Guz J, Bartlomiejczyk T, Kalinowski B, Kruszewski M, Olinski R. Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase deficiency in mice leads to organ-specific increase in oxidatively damaged DNA and NF-κB1 protein activity. Acta Biochim Pol 2010; 57:577-583. [PMID: 21060899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Earlier experimental studies have demonstrated that: i) Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase deficiency leads to oxidative stress and carcinogenesis; ii) dysregulation of NF-κB pathway can mediate a wide variety of diseases, including cancer. Therefore, we decided, for the first time, to examine the level of oxidative DNA damage and the DNA binding activity of NF-κB proteins in SOD1 knockout, heterozygous and wild-type mice. Two kinds of biomarkers of oxidatively damaged DNA: urinary excretion of 8-oxodG and 8-oxoGua, and the level of oxidatively damaged DNA were analysed using HPLC-GC-MS and HPLC-EC. The DNA binding activity of p50 and p65 proteins in a nuclear extracts was assessed using NF-κB p50/p65 EZ-TFA transcription factor assay. These parameters were determined in the brain, liver, kidney and urine of SOD1 knockout, heterozygous and wild-type mice. The level of 8-oxodG in DNA was higher in the liver and kidney of knockout mice than in wild type. No differences were found in urinary excretion of 8-oxoGua and 8-oxodG between wild type and the SOD1-deficient animals. The activity of the p50 protein was higher in the kidneys, but surprisingly not in the livers of SOD1-deficient mice, whereas p65 activity did not show any variability. Our results indicate that in Cu,Zn-SOD-deficient animals the level of oxidative DNA damage and NF-κB1 activity are elevated in certain organs only, which may provide some explanation for organ-specific ROS-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Siomek
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Obtułowicz T, Winczura A, Speina E, Swoboda M, Janik J, Janowska B, Cieśla JM, Kowalczyk P, Jawien A, Gackowski D, Banaszkiewicz Z, Krasnodebski I, Chaber A, Olinski R, Nair J, Bartsch H, Douki T, Cadet J, Tudek B. Aberrant repair of etheno-DNA adducts in leukocytes and colon tissue of colon cancer patients. Free Radic Biol Med 2010; 49:1064-71. [PMID: 20600828 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To assess the role of lipid peroxidation-induced DNA damage and repair in colon carcinogenesis, the excision rates and levels of 1,N(6)-etheno-2'-deoxyadenosine (epsilondA), 3,N(4)-etheno-2'-deoxycytidine (epsilondC), and 1,N(2)-etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine (1,N(2)-epsilondG) were analyzed in polymorphic blood leukocytes (PBL) and resected colon tissues of 54 colorectal carcinoma (CRC) patients and PBL of 56 healthy individuals. In PBL the excision rates of 1,N(6)-ethenoadenine (epsilonAde) and 3,N(4)-ethenocytosine (epsilonCyt), measured by the nicking of oligodeoxynucleotide duplexes with single lesions, and unexpectedly also the levels of epsilondA and 1,N(2)-epsilondG, measured by LC/MS/MS, were lower in CRC patients than in controls. In contrast the mRNA levels of repair enzymes, alkylpurine- and thymine-DNA glycosylases and abasic site endonuclease (APE1), were higher in PBL of CRC patients than in those of controls, as measured by QPCR. In the target colon tissues epsilonAde and epsilonCyt excision rates were higher, whereas the epsilondA and epsilondC levels in DNA, measured by (32)P-postlabeling, were lower in tumor than in adjacent colon tissue, although a higher mRNA level was observed only for APE1. This suggests that during the onset of carcinogenesis, etheno adduct repair in the colon seems to be under a complex transcriptional and posttranscriptional control, whereby deregulation may act as a driving force for malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Obtułowicz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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41
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Cooke MS, Loft S, Olinski R, Evans MD, Bialkowski K, Wagner JR, Dedon PC, Møller P, Greenberg MM, Cadet J. Recommendations for standardized description of and nomenclature concerning oxidatively damaged nucleobases in DNA. Chem Res Toxicol 2010; 23:705-7. [PMID: 20235554 DOI: 10.1021/tx1000706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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42
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Obtulowicz T, Swoboda M, Speina E, Gackowski D, Rozalski R, Siomek A, Janik J, Janowska B, Ciesla JM, Jawien A, Banaszkiewicz Z, Guz J, Dziaman T, Szpila A, Olinski R, Tudek B. Oxidative stress and 8-oxoguanine repair are enhanced in colon adenoma and carcinoma patients. Mutagenesis 2010; 25:463-71. [PMID: 20534734 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geq028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of colon cancer. We wanted to elucidate at which stage of the disease this phenomenon occurs. In the examined groups of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC, n = 89), benign adenoma (AD, n = 77) and healthy volunteers (controls, n = 99), we measured: vitamins A, C and E in blood plasma, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua) in leukocytes and urine, leukocyte 8-oxoGua excision activity, mRNA levels of APE1, OGG1, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydrodeoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase (MTH1) and OGG1 polymorphism. The vitamin levels decreased gradually in AD and CRC patients. 8-OxodG increased in leukocytes and urine of CRC and AD patients. 8-OxoGua was higher only in the urine of CRC patients. 8-OxoGua excision was higher in CRC patients than in controls, in spite of higher frequency of the OGG1 Cys326Cys genotype, encoding a glycosylase with decreased activity. mRNA levels of OGG1 and APE1 increased in CRC and AD patients, which could explain increased 8-oxoGua excision rate in CRC patients. MTH1 mRNA was also higher in CRC patients. The results suggest that oxidative stress occurs in CRC and AD individuals. This is accompanied by increased transcription of DNA repair genes, and increased 8-oxoGua excision rate in CRC patients, which is, however, insufficient to counteract the increased DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Obtulowicz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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43
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Evans MD, Olinski R, Loft S, Cooke MS. Toward consensus in the analysis of urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine as a noninvasive biomarker of oxidative stress. FASEB J 2009; 24:1249-60. [PMID: 19966135 DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-147124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Of the DNA-derived biomarkers of oxidative stress, urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is the most frequently measured. However, there is significant discrepancy between chromatographic and immunoassay approaches, and intratechnique agreement among all available chromatography-based assays and ELISAs is yet to be established. This is a significant obstacle to their use in large molecular epidemiological studies. To evaluate the accuracy of intra/intertechnique and interlaboratory measurements, samples of phosphate buffered saline and urine, spiked with different concentrations of 8-oxoG, together with a series of urine samples from healthy individuals were distributed to ESCULA members. All laboratories received identical samples, including 2 negative controls that contained no added 8-oxodG. Data were returned from 17 laboratories, representing 20 methods, broadly classified as mass spectrometric (MS), electrochemical detection (EC), or enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Overall, there was good within-technique agreement, with the majority of laboratories' results lying within 1 sd of their consensus mean. However, ELISA showed more within-technique variation than did the chromatographic techniques and, for the urine samples, reported higher values. Bland-Altman plots revealed good agreement between MS and EC methods but concentration-dependent deviation for ELISA. All methods ranked urine samples according to concentration similarly. Creatinine levels are routinely used as a correction factor for urine concentration, and therefore we also conducted an interlaboratory comparison of methods for urinary creatinine determination, in which the vast majority of values lay within 1 sd of the consensus value, irrespective of the analysis procedure. This study reveals greater consensus than previously expected, although concern remains over ELISA.-ESCULA [European Standards Committee on Urinary (DNA) Lesion Analysis], Evans, M. D., Olinski, R., Loft, S., Cooke, M. S. Toward consensus in the analysis of urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine as a noninvasive biomarker of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
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- Department of Cancer Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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44
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Dziaman T, Huzarski T, Gackowski D, Rozalski R, Siomek A, Szpila A, Guz J, Lubinski J, Wasowicz W, Roszkowski K, Olinski R. Selenium Supplementation Reduced Oxidative DNA Damage in Adnexectomized BRCA1 Mutations Carriers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18:2923-8. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-0529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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45
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Dziaman T, Huzarski T, Gackowski D, Rozalski R, Siomek A, Szpila A, Guz J, Lubinski J, Olinski R. Elevated level of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in leukocytes of BRCA1 mutation carriers compared to healthy controls. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:2209-13. [PMID: 19623658 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Carriers of BRCA1 mutation face highly increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer and some studies with cell culture suggest that the encoded protein may be involved in oxidatively damaged DNA repair. However, no studies concerning a possible link between oxidatively damaged DNA and BRCA1 deficiency have been conducted with the mutations carriers. Therefore, to assess an involvement of BRCA in oxidative damage to DNA in the present study a broad spectrum of parameters reflecting oxidative stress/DNA damage were analyzed in 3 subject groups; (i) carriers of BRCA1 mutations without symptoms of the disease; (ii) patients with breast or ovarian cancer with the mutations and (iii) the group of healthy subjects recruited from among close relatives of the group of carriers without symptoms of the disease. We found that the endogenous levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) in leukocytes DNA and excretion rates of urinary 8-oxodG were significantly higher in the cancer patients than in the healthy carriers. Similarly, to the cancer patient group, 8-oxodG level in leukocytes DNA is significantly higher in the carriers group in comparison with control group. That the control group comprised close relatives of the carriers gives further credit to our finding. Since we did not observe substantial differences in the analyzed markers of oxidative stress between the controls and the carriers, the observed increase in the level may be a result of a deficiency in the repair of 8-oxodG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Dziaman
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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46
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Dziaman T, Gackowski D, Rozalski R, Siomek A, Szulczynski J, Zabielski R, Olinski R. Urinary excretion rates of 8-oxoGua and 8-oxodG and antioxidant vitamins level as a measure of oxidative status in healthy, full-term newborns. Free Radic Res 2009; 41:997-1004. [PMID: 17729117 DOI: 10.1080/10715760701468757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the oxidative status in healthy full-term children and piglets. Urinary excretion of 8-oxoGua (8-oxoguanine) and 8-oxodG (8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine) were determined using HPLC/GS/MS methodology and concentrations of vitamins A, C and E with HPLC technique. The levels of 8-oxoGua in urine samples were about 7-8 times higher in newborn children and piglets when compared with the level of adult subjects, while in the case of 8-oxodG the difference was about 2.5 times. The levels of vitamin C and E in umbilical cord blood of newborn children significantly depend on the concentration of these compounds in their mother's blood. However, the values of vitamin C in human's cord blood were about 2-times higher than in respective mother blood, while the level of vitamin E showed an opposite trend. The results suggest that: (i) healthy, full-term newborns are under potential oxidative stress; (ii) urinary excretion of 8-oxoGua and 8-oxodG may be a good marker of oxidative stress in newborns; and (iii) antioxidant vitamins, especially vitamin C, play an important role in protecting newborns against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Dziaman
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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47
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Cooke MS, Barregard L, Mistry V, Potdar N, Rozalski R, Gackowski D, Siomek A, Foksinski M, Svoboda P, Kasai H, Konje JC, Sallsten G, Evans MD, Olinski R. Interlaboratory comparison of methodologies for the measurement of urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine. Biomarkers 2009; 14:103-10. [DOI: 10.1080/13547500802706012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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48
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Roszkowski K, Gackowski D, Rozalski R, Dziaman T, Siomek A, Guz J, Szpila A, Foksinski M, Olinski R. Small field radiotherapy of head and neck cancer patients is responsible for oxidatively damaged DNA/oxidative stress on the level of a whole organism. Int J Cancer 2008; 123:1964-7. [PMID: 18688851 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
It is possible that oxidatively damaged DNA which arises as a result of radiotherapy may be involved in the therapeutic effect of the ionizing radiation and in the side effects. Therefore, for the first time, the broad spectrum of oxidatively damaged DNA biomarkers: urinary excretion of 8-oxodG (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine), 8-oxoGua (8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine) as well as the level of oxidatively damaged DNA in leukocytes, was analyzed in head and neck cancer patients (n = 27) undergoing fractionated radiotherapy using methodologies which involve HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) prepurification followed by gas chromatography with isotope dilution mass spectrometry detection and HPLC/EC. Of all the analyzed parameters in the majority of patients, only urinary excretion of the modified nucleoside significantly increased over the initial level in the samples collected 24 hr after the last fraction. However, for the distinct subpopulation of 10 patients, a significant increase in the level of 8-oxodG in cellular DNA and a simultaneous drop in urinary 8-oxoGua (the repair product of oxidative DNA damage) were detected after completion of the therapy. Because 8-oxoGua is a repair product of the DNA damage, there is a possibility that, at least in the case of some patients with the lowest activity of OGG1 (8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine glycosylase), the combination of lower OGG1 repair efficacy and irradiation was associated with increased background level of 8-oxoGua in cellular DNA. Apparently reduced DNA repair is unable to cope with the radiation-induced, and the extra amount of 8-oxoGua leading to an increase of potentially mutagenic/carcinogenic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Roszkowski
- Department of Radiotherapy, Center of Oncology, Romanowskiej 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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49
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Loft S, Møller P, Cooke MS, Rozalski R, Olinski R. Antioxidant vitamins and cancer risk: is oxidative damage to DNA a relevant biomarker? Eur J Nutr 2008; 47 Suppl 2:19-28. [PMID: 18458832 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-008-2004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage to DNA is regarded as an important step in carcinogenesis. These lesions may arise as a consequence of exposure to xenobiotics, but are also generated as a consequence of endogenous generation of oxidizing compounds. Measurements of oxidative damage to guanines, such as 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydroguanine (8-oxodG) are increasingly being regarded as reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress and they may have a predictive value of cancer risk, although this needs to be established independently in several cohort studies. A survey of intervention studies of the ingestion of antioxidant-containing foods or tablets of antioxidants indicate that about one-third of the studies reported a protective effect in terms of lower levels of oxidative damage to DNA in white blood cells or decreased urinary excretion of 8-oxodG. Although firm conclusions cannot be reached, there appears to be links between ingestion of antioxidants, oxidative damage to DNA, and risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Loft
- Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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50
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Kobiela J, Stefaniak T, Krajewski J, Kalinska-Blach B, Zuawa-Janicka D, Lachinski A, Gackowski D, Olinski R, Nowak J, Knap N, Lipinska B, Sledzinski Z, Wozniak M. Dynamics of oxidative damage at early stages of estrogen-dependant carcinogenesis. Adv Exp Med Biol 2008; 617:609-15. [PMID: 18497088 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-69080-3_63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the dynamics of oxidative damage to cellular macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, and DNA under conditions of oxidative stress triggering early stages of estrogen-dependent carcinogenesis. A rodent model of carcinogenesis was used. Syrian hamsters were sacrificed after 1, 3, 5 h and 1 month from the initial implantation of 17beta-estradiol (E2). Matching control groups were used. Kidneys as target organs for E2-mediated oxidative stress were excised and homogenized for biochemical assays. Subcellular fractions were isolated. Carbonyl groups (as a marker of protein oxidation) and lipid hydroxyperoxides were assessed. DNA was isolated and 8-oxodGuo was assessed. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to confirm the results for lipid peroxidation. Exposition to E2 in rodent model leads to a damage of macromolecules of the cell, including proteins and DNA, but not lipids. Proteins appear to be primary target of the damage but are shortly followed by DNA. It has previously been speculated that protein peroxides can increase DNA modifications. This time sequence was observed in our study. Nevertheless, direct relation between protein and DNA damage still remains unsolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarek Kobiela
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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