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Mitsudera H, Miyama T, Nishigaki H, Nakanowatari T, Nishikawa H, Nakamura T, Wagawa T, Furue R, Fujii Y, Ito S. Low ocean-floor rises regulate subpolar sea surface temperature by forming baroclinic jets. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1190. [PMID: 29568009 PMCID: PMC5864925 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sea surface temperature (SST) fronts in mid- to high-latitude oceans have significant impacts on extratropical atmospheric circulations and climate. In the western subarctic Pacific, sharp SST fronts form between the cold subarctic water and the recently found quasi-stationary jets that advect warm waters originating in the Kuroshio northeastward. Here we present a new mechanism of the jet formation paying attention to the propagation of baroclinic Rossby waves that is deflected by eddy-driven barotropic flows over bottom rises, although their height is low (~500 m) compared with the depth of the North Pacific Ocean (~6000 m). Steered by the barotropic flows, Rossby waves bring a thicker upper layer from the subtropical gyre and a thinner upper layer from the subarctic gyre, thereby creating a thickness jump, hence a surface jet, where they converge. This study reveals an overlooked role of low-rise bottom topography in regulating SST anomalies in subpolar oceans. Sea surface temperature fronts in mid-and-high latitudes give significant impacts on atmospheric circulations and climate. Here, the authors uncover a new mechanism on the sea surface front genesis in the subpolar oceans in which small-amplitude bottom topography is surprisingly effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mitsudera
- Pan Okhotsk Research Center, Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan.
| | - T Miyama
- Application Laboratory, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, 236-0001, Japan
| | - H Nishigaki
- Division of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Oita Univeristy, Oita, 870-1192, Japan
| | - T Nakanowatari
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, 190-8518, Japan
| | - H Nishikawa
- Pan Okhotsk Research Center, Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Pan Okhotsk Research Center, Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0819, Japan
| | - T Wagawa
- Japan Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Niigata, 951-8121, Japan
| | - R Furue
- Application Laboratory, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, 236-0001, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba, 305-0052, Japan
| | - S Ito
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8564, Japan
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Furue R, Nishimoto T, Park IS, Lee J, Yasuda T. Aggregation-Induced Delayed Fluorescence Based on Donor/Acceptor-Tethered Janus Carborane Triads: Unique Photophysical Properties of Nondoped OLEDs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7171-5. [PMID: 27145481 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent materials consisting of boron clusters, such as carboranes, have attracted immense interest in recent years. In this study, luminescent organic-inorganic conjugated systems based on o-carboranes directly bonded to electron-donating and electron-accepting π-conjugated units were elaborated as novel optoelectronic materials. These o-carborane derivatives simultaneously possessed aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) capabilities, and showed strong yellow-to-red emissions with high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies of up to 97 % in their aggregated states or in solid neat films. Organic light-emitting diodes utilizing these o-carborane derivatives as a nondoped emission layer exhibited maximum external electroluminescence quantum efficiencies as high as 11 %, originating from TADF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhei Furue
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Department of Automotive Science, Graduate School of Integrated Frontier Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuro Nishimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - In Seob Park
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Department of Automotive Science, Graduate School of Integrated Frontier Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuma Yasuda
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Department of Automotive Science, Graduate School of Integrated Frontier Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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Furue R, Nishimoto T, Park IS, Lee J, Yasuda T. Aggregation-Induced Delayed Fluorescence Based on Donor/Acceptor-Tethered Janus Carborane Triads: Unique Photophysical Properties of Nondoped OLEDs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhei Furue
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC); Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Department of Automotive Science, Graduate School of Integrated Frontier Science; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Takuro Nishimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - In Seob Park
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC); Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC); Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Department of Automotive Science, Graduate School of Integrated Frontier Science; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Takuma Yasuda
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC); Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Department of Automotive Science, Graduate School of Integrated Frontier Science; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
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