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Alpatova VM, Rys EG, Kononova EG, Ol'shevskaya VA. Synthesis of new representatives of A 3B-type carboranylporphyrins based on meso-tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin transformations. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:767-776. [PMID: 38633913 PMCID: PMC11022374 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
A carboranylporphyrin of A3B-type bearing a single pentafluorophenyl ring was prepared through the regioselective nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of the p-fluorine atoms in 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin with 9-mercapto-m-carborane. The reaction of this porphyrin with sodium azide led to the selective substitution of the p-fluorine atom in the pentafluorophenyl substituent with an azide functionality which upon reduction with SnCl2 resulted in the formation of the corresponding porphyrin with an amino group. Pentafluorophenyl-substituted A3B-porphyrins were studied and transformed to thiol and amino-substituted compounds allowing for the preparation of porphyrins with different reactive groups such as hydroxy and amino derivatives capable for further functionalization and conjugation of these porphyrins to other substrates. In addition, conjugates containing maleimide or biotin entities in the structure of carborane A3B-porphyrin were also synthesized based on the amino-substituted A3B-porphyrin. The structures of the prepared carboranylporphyrins were determined by UV-vis, IR, 1H, 19F, 11B NMR spectroscopic data and MALDI mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria M Alpatova
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28, bld. 1 Vavilova street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny G Rys
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28, bld. 1 Vavilova street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena G Kononova
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28, bld. 1 Vavilova street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valentina A Ol'shevskaya
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28, bld. 1 Vavilova street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
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2
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Zhang X, Rendina LM, Müllner M. Carborane-Containing Polymers: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. ACS Polym Au 2024; 4:7-33. [PMID: 38371730 PMCID: PMC10870755 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.3c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Carboranes are an important class of electron-delocalized icosahedral carbon-boron clusters with unique physical and chemical properties, which can offer various functions to polymers including enhanced heat-resistance, tuned electronic properties and hydrophobicity, special ability of dihydrogen bond formation, and thermal neutron capture. Carborane-containing polymers have been synthesized mainly by means of step-growth polymerizations of disubstituted carborane monomers, with chain-growth polymerizations of monosubstituted carborane monomers including ATRP, RAFT, and ROMP only utilized recently. Carborane-containing polymers may find application as harsh-environment resistant materials, ceramic precursors, fluorescent materials with tuned emissive properties, novel optoelectronic devices, potential BNCT agents, and drug carriers with low cytotoxicity. This review highlights carborane-containing polymer synthesis strategies and potential applications, showcasing the versatile properties and possibilities that this unique family of boron compounds can provide to the polymeric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louis M. Rendina
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
- The
University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
| | - Markus Müllner
- Key
Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
- The
University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
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3
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Horáček O, Dhaubhadel U, Holub J, Grüner B, Armstrong DW, Kučera R. Employment of chiral columns with superficially porous particles in chiral separations of cobalt bis (dicarbollide) and nido-7,8-C 2 B 9 H 12 (1-) derivatives. Chirality 2023; 35:937-951. [PMID: 37461229 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Derivatives of the nido-7,8-C2 B9 H12 (1-) (dicarbollide ion) and [3,3'-Co-(1,2-C2 B9 H11 )2 ](1-) cobalt sandwich (COSAN) ion represent groups of extremely chemically and thermally stable abiotic compounds. They are being investigated in many research areas, that is, medicinal chemistry, material sciences, analytical chemistry, and electrochemistry. The chirality of these compounds remains still grossly overlooked, what is also reflected in limited number of reports on their chiral separations. Continued progress depends on reliable, fast, and cost-effective methods for such separations. Recently, chiral separations of COSAN derivatives were achieved in liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography. Only five anionic derivatives of nido-7,8-C2 B9 H12 (1-) were successfully enantioseparated in liquid chromatography. Efforts to separate anionic nido-7,8-C2 B9 H12 (1-) in supercritical chromatography have failed, and only a few dicarbollide ions were separated using liquid chromatography. Generally, all chiral separations in liquid chromatography took about 30 min. Herein, we identify a versatile column capable of separating both COSAN and nido-7,8-C2 B9 H12 (1-) derivatives and achieve faster analyses times employing commercially available superficially porous chiral stationary phases. The semisynthetic hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin-based column (CDShell-RSP) is identified as the column of choice from the tested columns by separating 19 of 27 compounds from each structural motifs tested mainly in less than 10 min. The dihydroxyalkyl, oxygen-bridged hydroxyalkyl, and bisphenylene-bridged COSAN derivatives were baseline separated in less than 5 min exceeding the results of supercritical fluid chromatography. Methods developed herein will aid synthetic chemists without the possession of a supercritical fluid chromatograph to achieve fast chiral separations of COSAN and derivatives of nido-7,8-C2 B9 H12 (1-) on a common liquid chromatograph without the need of dedicated instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Horáček
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Umang Dhaubhadel
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Josef Holub
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumír Grüner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Radim Kučera
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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4
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Marforio TD, Carboni A, Calvaresi M. In Vivo Application of Carboranes for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT): Structure, Formulation and Analytical Methods for Detection. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4944. [PMID: 37894311 PMCID: PMC10605826 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Carboranes have emerged as one of the most promising boron agents in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). In this context, in vivo studies are particularly relevant, since they provide qualitative and quantitative information about the biodistribution of these molecules, which is of the utmost importance to determine the efficacy of BNCT, defining their localization and (bio)accumulation, as well as their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. First, we gathered a detailed list of the carboranes used for in vivo studies, considering the synthesis of carborane derivatives or the use of delivery system such as liposomes, micelles and nanoparticles. Then, the formulation employed and the cancer model used in each of these studies were identified. Finally, we examined the analytical aspects concerning carborane detection, identifying the main methodologies applied in the literature for ex vivo and in vivo analysis. The present work aims to identify the current strengths and weakness of the use of carboranes in BNCT, establishing the bottlenecks and the best strategies for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Carboni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
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Braun S, Jelača S, Laube M, George S, Hofmann B, Lönnecke P, Steinhilber D, Pietzsch J, Mijatović S, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Hey-Hawkins E. Synthesis and In Vitro Biological Evaluation of p-Carborane-Based Di- tert-butylphenol Analogs. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114547. [PMID: 37299023 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting inflammatory mediators and related signaling pathways may offer a rational strategy for the treatment of cancer. The incorporation of metabolically stable, sterically demanding, and hydrophobic carboranes in dual cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2)/5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitors that are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of eicosanoids is a promising approach. The di-tert-butylphenol derivatives R-830, S-2474, KME-4, and E-5110 represent potent dual COX-2/5-LO inhibitors. The incorporation of p-carborane and further substitution of the p-position resulted in four carborane-based di-tert-butylphenol analogs that showed no or weak COX inhibition but high 5-LO inhibitory activities in vitro. Cell viability studies on five human cancer cell lines revealed that the p-carborane analogs R-830-Cb, S-2474-Cb, KME-4-Cb, and E-5110-Cb exhibited lower anticancer activity compared to the related di-tert-butylphenols. Interestingly, R-830-Cb did not affect the viability of primary cells and suppressed HCT116 cell proliferation more potently than its carbon-based R-830 counterpart. Considering all the advantages of boron cluster incorporation for enhancement of drug biostability, selectivity, and availability of drugs, R-830-Cb can be tested in further mechanistic and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Braun
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sanja Jelača
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Markus Laube
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sven George
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bettina Hofmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, School of Science, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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6
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Teixidor F, Núñez R, Viñas C. Towards the Application of Purely Inorganic Icosahedral Boron Clusters in Emerging Nanomedicine. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114449. [PMID: 37298925 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, drugs were obtained by extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis. Today, medicinal chemistry continues to focus on organic compounds and the majority of commercially available drugs are organic molecules, which can incorporate nitrogen, oxygen, and halogens, as well as carbon and hydrogen. Aromatic organic compounds that play important roles in biochemistry find numerous applications ranging from drug delivery to nanotechnology or biomarkers. We achieved a major accomplishment by demonstrating experimentally/theoretically that boranes, carboranes, as well as metallabis(dicarbollides), exhibit global 3D aromaticity. Based on the stability-aromaticity relationship, as well as on the progress made in the synthesis of derivatized clusters, we have opened up new applications of boron icosahedral clusters as key components in the field of novel healthcare materials. In this brief review, we present the results obtained at the Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis (LMI) of the Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) with icosahedral boron clusters. These 3D geometric shape clusters, the semi-metallic nature of boron and the presence of exo-cluster hydrogen atoms that can interact with biomolecules through non-covalent hydrogen and dihydrogen bonds, play a key role in endowing these compounds with unique properties in largely unexplored (bio)materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Rosario Núñez
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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7
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Braun S, Paskaš S, Laube M, George S, Hofmann B, Lönnecke P, Steinhilber D, Pietzsch J, Mijatović S, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Hey-Hawkins E. Carborane-based Tebufelone Analogs and their Biological Evaluation In Vitro. ChemMedChem 2023:e202300206. [PMID: 37160667 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The presence of inflammatory mediators in the tumor microenvironment, such as cytokines, growth factors or eicosanoids, indicate cancer-related inflammatory processes. Targeting these inflammatory mediators and related signal pathways may offer a rational strategy for the treatment of cancer. This study focuses on the incorporation of metabolically stable, sterically demanding, and hydrophobic dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes (carboranes) into dual cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitors that are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of eicosanoids. The di-tert-butylphenol derivative tebufelone represents a selective dual COX-2/5-LO inhibitor. The incorporation of meta- or para-carborane into the tebufelone scaffold resulted in eight carborane-based tebufelone analogs that show no COX inhibition but 5-LO inhibitory activities in vitro. Cell viability studies on HT29 colon adenocarcinoma cells revealed that the observed antiproliferative effect of the para-carborane analogs of tebufelone is enhanced by structural modifications that include chain elongation in combination with introduction of a methylene spacer resulting in higher anticancer activity compared to tebufelone. Hence, this strategy proved to be a promising approach to design potent 5-LO inhibitors with potential application as cytostatic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Braun
- Leipzig University: Universitat Leipzig, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Svetlana Paskaš
- University of Belgrade: Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", SERBIA
| | - Markus Laube
- HZDR: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, GERMANY
| | - Sven George
- Universität Frankfurt am Main: Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am Main, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Bettina Hofmann
- Universität Frankfurt am Main: Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am Main, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Leipzig University: Universitat Leipzig, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Universität Frankfurt am Main: Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am Main, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- HZDR: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, GERMANY
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- University of Belgrade: Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", SERBIA
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- University of Belgrade: Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", SERBIA
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Leipzig University: Universitat Leipzig, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, GERMANY
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8
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Matović J, Bahrami K, Stockmann P, Sokka IK, Khng YC, Sarparanta M, Hey-Hawkins E, Rautio J, Ekholm FS. Sweet Battle of the Epimers─Continued Exploration of Monosaccharide-Derived Delivery Agents for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Mol Pharm 2023. [PMID: 37134022 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a cancer therapy in which boron delivery agents play a crucial role. In theory, delivery agents with high tumor targeting capabilities can lead to selective eradication of tumor cells without causing harmful side effects. We have been working on a GLUT1-targeting strategy to BNCT for a number of years and found multiple promising hit compounds which outperform the clinically employed boron delivery agents in vitro. Herein, we continue our work in the field by further diversification of the carbohydrate scaffold in order to map the optimal stereochemistry of the carbohydrate core. In the sweet battle of the epimers, carborane-bearing d-galactose, d-mannose, and d-allose are synthesized and subjected to in vitro profiling studies─with earlier work on d-glucose serving as the reference. We find that all of the monosaccharide delivery agents display a significantly improved boron delivery capacity over the delivery agents approved for clinical use in vitro, thus providing a sound foundation for advancing toward in vivo preclinical assessment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Matović
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Katayun Bahrami
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Philipp Stockmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
| | - Iris K Sokka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - You Cheng Khng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Mirkka Sarparanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
| | - Jarkko Rautio
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Filip S Ekholm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
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9
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Liu Q, Zhang BB, Sheng H, Qiao S, Wang ZX, Chen X. Visible-Light-Induced Photoreduction of Carborane Phosphonium Salts: Efficient Synthesis of Carborane-Oxindole-Pharmaceutical Hybrids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202305088. [PMID: 37119088 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Visible-light-induced photoreaction of carboranes is an effective approach to prepare carborane-containing compounds. While several methods via boron-centered carboranyl radicals have been established, those via carbon-centered carboranyl radicals are much underdeveloped, except for the UV-light-promoted photohomolysis. Herein, we describe a simple but effective approach to access carbon-centered carboranyl radicals via photoreduction of carborane phosphonium salts under blue light irradiation without using transition metals and photocatalysts. The utility of the method was demonstrated by successfully preparing a range of carborane-oxindole-pharmaceutical hybrids via radical cascade reactions. Computational and experimental studies suggested that the carbon-centered carboranyl radicals were generated via single electron transfer of the photoactive charge transfer complexes between the salts and the additive potassium acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- UCAS: University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences, CHINA
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- UCAS: University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences, CHINA
| | - He Sheng
- UCAS: University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences, CHINA
| | - Sen Qiao
- UCAS: University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences, CHINA
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- UCAS: University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences, CHINA
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Chemical Sciences, Huaibei Town, 101408 Beijing, 101408, Beijing, CHINA
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10
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McKee ML, Vrána J, Holub J, Fanfrlík J, Hnyk D. DFT Surface Infers Ten-Vertex Cationic Carboranes from the Corresponding Neutral closo Ten-Vertex Family: The Computed Background Confirming Their Experimental Availability. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083645. [PMID: 37110879 PMCID: PMC10141709 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern computational protocols based on the density functional theory (DFT) infer that polyhedral closo ten-vertex carboranes are key starting stationary states in obtaining ten-vertex cationic carboranes. The rearrangement of the bicapped square polyhedra into decaborane-like shapes with open hexagons in boat conformations is caused by attacks of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) on the closo motifs. Single-point computations on the stationary points found during computational examinations of the reaction pathways have clearly shown that taking the "experimental" NHCs into account requires the use of dispersion correction. Further examination has revealed that for the purposes of the description of reaction pathways in their entirety, i.e., together with all transition states and intermediates, a simplified model of NHCs is sufficient. Many of such transition states resemble in their shapes those that dictate Z-rearrangement among various isomers of closo ten-vertex carboranes. Computational results are in very good agreement with the experimental findings obtained earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L McKee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Jan Vrána
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, CZ-532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Holub
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-250 68 Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Fanfrlík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Drahomír Hnyk
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-250 68 Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
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11
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Jakubowski R, Januszko A, Tilford RW, Radziszewski GJ, Pietrzak A, Young VG, Kaszynski P. Photophysical behavior of self-organizing derivatives of 10- and 12-vertex p- carboranes, and their bicyclo[2.2.2]octane and benzene analogues. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203948. [PMID: 36813741 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Four series of isostructural derivatives of 3-ring liquid crystalline derivatives containing p-carboranes (12-vertex A, and 10-vertex B), bicyclo[2.2.2]octane (C), or benzene (D) as the variable structural element were investigated for their mesogenic behavior and electronic interactions. Comparative studies demonstrated that the effectiveness of elements A-D in stabilization of the mesophase typically increases in the order: B < A < C < D. Absorption and emission spectroscopy for the four series and reference compounds augmented with DFT computational results revealed that the degree of electronic interactions with the connected benzene π system increases in the order C < A < B < D. Emission spectra exhibit large Stokes' shifts for 10-vertex derivatives (B) in solutions and in the solid state. Spectroscopic characterization was supplemented with polarization electronic spectroscopy and solvatochromic studies of selected series. Overall, 12-vertex p-carborane A acts as an electron withdrawing auxochromic substituent with interactions similar to those of BCO, although capable of accepting some electron density in the excited state. In contrast, 10-vertex p-carborane B is much more interactive with the π-aromatic electron manifold and exhibits greater ability to participate in photo-induced CT processes. Absorption and emission energies and quantum yields (1-51%) for carborane derivatives, representing the D-A-D system, were compared to those of their isoelectronic zwitterionic analogues (the A-D-A system). The analysis is supported with four single crystal XRD structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Jakubowski
- Centrum Badan Molekularnych i Makromolekularnych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Oragnic Chemistry, Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz, POLAND
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Piotr Kaszynski
- Polska Akademia Nauk, Organic Chemistry, Sienkiewicza 112, 90363, Łódź, POLAND
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12
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Bischof T, Beßler L, Krummenacher I, Erhard L, Braunschweig H, Finze M. Construction of a Diverse Range of Boron Heterocycles via Ring Expansion of a Carboranyl-Substituted 9-Borafluorene. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300210. [PMID: 36794763 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Direct insertion of unsaturated substrates into a five-membered borole ring is a useful method to obtain valuable heterocycles containing one or more three-coordinate boron atoms. A 9-o-carboranyl-9-borafluorene, in which the o-carboranyl substituent is connected via one of the cluster carbon atoms to the boron atom of the 9-borafluorene unit, was found to react with a vast array of unsaturated molecules, such as alkynes, aldehydes and various organic azides, to form larger boraheterocyclic products. The ring expansion reactions of the central borole ring proceed rapidly at room temperature, cementing the role of the o-carboranyl substituent in enhancing the insertion reactivity of 9-borafluorenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bischof
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg: Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg, Inorganic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Lukas Beßler
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg: Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg, Inorganic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg: Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg, Inorganic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Leon Erhard
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg: Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg, Inorganic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg: Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg, Inorganic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Maik Finze
- Julius-Maximilians-Universitaet Wuerzburg, Institut fuer Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074, Wuerzburg, GERMANY
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13
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Gan L, Andres-Garcia E, Mínguez Espallargas G, Planas JG. Adsorptive Separation of CO 2 by a Hydrophobic Carborane-Based Metal-Organic Framework under Humid Conditions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:5309-5316. [PMID: 36691894 PMCID: PMC9906620 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report that the carborane-based metal-organic framework (MOF) mCB-MOF-1 can achieve high adsorptive selectivity for CO2:N2 mixtures. This hydrophobic MOF presenting open metal sites shows high CO2 adsorption capacity and remarkable selectivity values that are maintained even under extremely humid conditions. The comparison of mCB-MOF-1' with MOF-74(Ni) demonstrates the superior performance of the former under challenging moisture operation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gan
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Eduardo Andres-Garcia
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José
Beltrán, 2, 46980Paterna, Spain
| | | | - José Giner Planas
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193Bellaterra, Spain
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14
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Perumalla DS, Ghorai S, Pal T, Hnyk D, Holub J, Jemmis ED. Rearrangement of dicarboranyl methyl cation to icosahedral C 3 B 9 H 12 + : An ab initio dynamics view. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:256-260. [PMID: 35612818 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Closo-carborane anions are prominent, whereas the cations of the same are less abundant in the literature. As these ions have similar size and are weakly coordinating, the ionic liquids of these two ions could have important applications in many areas of chemistry. In view of limited number of polyhedral carborane cations available, we revisited the rearrangement of dicarboranyl methyl cation (7-CH2 7,9-nido-C2 B9 H10 + ) using ab initio molecular dynamics calculations with metadynamics. Our simulations confirmed the concerted mechanism of the rearrangement. We believe this work will resume the interest in its synthesis and carborane cations in general.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sagar Ghorai
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Tanmoy Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Drahomír Hnyk
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Holub
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Eluvathingal D Jemmis
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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15
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Gruzdev DA, Telegina AA, Levit GL, Solovieva OI, Gusel'nikova TY, Razumov IA, Krasnov VP, Charushin VN. Carborane-Containing Folic Acid bis-Amides: Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of Novel Promising Agents for Boron Delivery to Tumour Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36430206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of highly selective low-toxic, low-molecular weight agents for boron delivery to tumour cells is of decisive importance for the development of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), a modern efficient combined method for cancer treatment. In this work, we developed a simple method for the preparation of new closo- and nido-carborane-containing folic acid bis-amides containing 18-20 boron atoms per molecule. Folic acid derivatives containing nido-carborane residues were characterised by high water solubility, low cytotoxicity, and demonstrated a good ability to deliver boron to tumour cells in in vitro experiments (up to 7.0 µg B/106 cells in the case of U87 MG human glioblastoma cells). The results obtained demonstrate the high potential of folic acid-nido-carborane conjugates as boron delivery agents to tumour cells for application in BNCT.
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16
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Abstract
A robust method for the selective labeling of peptides via manganese(I) catalysis was devised to achieve the C-2 alkenylation of tryptophan containing peptides with 1-ethynyl-o-carboranes. The manganese-catalyzed C-H activation was accomplished with high catalytic efficiency, and featured low toxicity, high functional group tolerance and excellent E-stereoselectivity. This approach unravels a promising tool for the assembly of o-carborane with structurally complex peptides of relevance to applications in boron neutron capture therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becky Bongsuiru Jei
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tamannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Long Yang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tamannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tamannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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17
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Jana A, Jash M, Poonia AK, Paramasivam G, Islam MR, Chakraborty P, Antharjanam S, Machacek J, Ghosh S, Adarsh KNVD, Base T, Pradeep T. Light-Activated Intercluster Conversion of an Atomically Precise Silver Nanocluster. ACS Nano 2021; 15:15781-15793. [PMID: 34605625 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoclusters protected with carboranes, a 12-vertex, nearly icosahedral boron-carbon framework system, have received immense attention due to their different physicochemical properties. We have synthesized ortho-carborane-1,2-dithiol (CBDT) and triphenylphosphine (TPP) coprotected [Ag42(CBDT)15(TPP)4]2- (shortly Ag42) using a ligand-exchange induced structural transformation reaction starting from [Ag18H16(TPP)10]2+ (shortly Ag18). The formation of Ag42 was confirmed using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Multiple UV-vis optical absorption features, which exhibit characteristic patterns, confirmed its molecular nature. Ag42 is the highest nuclearity silver nanocluster protected with carboranes reported so far. Although these clusters are thermally stable up to 200 °C in their solid state, light-irradiation of its solutions in dichloromethane results in its structural conversion to [Ag14(CBDT)6(TPP)6] (shortly Ag14). Single crystal X-ray diffraction of Ag14 exhibits Ag8-Ag6 core-shell structure of this nanocluster. Other spectroscopic and microscopic studies also confirm the formation of Ag14. Time-dependent mass spectrometry revealed that this light-activated intercluster conversion went through two sets of intermediate clusters. The first set of intermediates, [Ag37(CBDT)12(TPP)4]3- and [Ag35(CBDT)8(TPP)4]2- were formed after 8 h of light irradiation, and the second set comprised of [Ag30(CBDT)8(TPP)4]2-, [Ag26(CBDT)11(TPP)4]2-, and [Ag26(CBDT)7(TPP)7]2- were formed after 16 h of irradiation. After 24 h, the conversion to Ag14 was complete. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the kernel-centered excited state molecular orbitals of Ag42 are responsible for light-activated transformation. Interestingly, Ag42 showed near-infrared emission at 980 nm (1.26 eV) with a lifetime of >1.5 μs, indicating phosphorescence, while Ag14 shows red luminescence at 626 nm (1.98 eV) with a lifetime of 550 ps, indicating fluorescence. Femtosecond and nanosecond transient absorption showed the transitions between their electronic energy levels and associated carrier dynamics. Formation of the stable excited states of Ag42 is shown to be responsible for the core transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Jana
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS), and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Madhuri Jash
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS), and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Poonia
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education, and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-462066, India
| | - Ganesan Paramasivam
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS), and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Md Rabiul Islam
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS), and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Papri Chakraborty
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS), and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Sudhadevi Antharjanam
- Sophisticated Analytical Instruments Facility (SAIF), Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Jan Machacek
- Department of Synthesis, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Science, 1001 Husinec-Rez, 25068 Rez, Czech Republic
| | - Sundargopal Ghosh
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS), and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | | | - Tomas Base
- Department of Synthesis, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Science, 1001 Husinec-Rez, 25068 Rez, Czech Republic
| | - Thalappil Pradeep
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS), and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai-600036, India
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18
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Kuhnert R, Kuhnert L, Sárosi MB, George S, Draca D, Paskas S, Hofmann B, Steinhilber D, Honscha W, Mijatović S, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Hey-Hawkins E. Borcalein: a Carborane-Based Analogue of Baicalein with 12-Lipoxygenase-Independent Toxicity. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100588. [PMID: 34694057 PMCID: PMC9298951 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
12-Lipoxygenase is crucial for tumour angiogenesis. 5,6,7-Trihydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (baicalein) is a suitable inhibitor for this enzyme but is rapidly metabolised in vivo. Thus, an improvement of the metabolic stability is necessary to enhance the therapeutic efficiency. An emerging approach to enhance metabolic stability of carbon-based pharmaceuticals is the use of metabolically stable, non-toxic boron clusters, such as dicarba-closo-dodecaborane(12)s (carboranes) as phenyl mimetics. Therefore, the unsubstituted phenyl ring of baicalein was replaced by meta-carborane, resulting in borcalein, the carborane analogue of baicalein. This substitution resulted in a decreased inhibitory activity toward 12-lipoxygenase, but led to increased toxicity in melanoma (A375, B16, B16F10) and colon cancer cell lines (SW480, HCT116, CT26CL25) with decreased tumour selectivity in comparison to baicalein. Surprisingly, borcalein displays a different mechanism of cytotoxicity with increased intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and nitric oxide (NO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kuhnert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lydia Kuhnert
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 15, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Menyhárt-B Sárosi
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven George
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dijana Draca
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bul. despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Paskas
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bul. despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bettina Hofmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Walther Honscha
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 15, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bul. despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bul. despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Hejda M, Duvinage D, Lork E, Lyčka A, Černošek Z, Macháček J, Makarov S, Ketkov S, Mebs S, Dostál L, Beckmann J. Lewis Superacidic Tellurenyl Cation-Induced Electrophilic Activation of an Inert Carborane. Chemistry 2021; 27:14577-14581. [PMID: 34495561 PMCID: PMC8596995 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The aryltellurenyl cation [2-(tBuNCH)C6 H4 Te]+ , a Lewis super acid, and the weakly coordinating carborane anion [CB11 H12 ]- , an extremely weak Brønsted acid (pKa =131.0 in MeCN), form an isolable ion pair complex [2-(tBuNCH)C6 H4 Te][CB11 H12 ], in which the Brønsted acidity (pKa 7.4 in MeCN) of the formally hydridic B-H bonds is dramatically increased by more than 120 orders of magnitude. The electrophilic activation of B-H bonds in the carborane moiety gives rise to a proton transfer from boron to nitrogen at slightly elevated temperatures, as rationalized by the isolation of a mixture of the zwitterionic isomers 12- and 7-[2-(tBuN{H}CH)C6 H4 Te(CB11 H11 )] in ratios ranging from 62 : 38 to 80 : 20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hejda
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und KristallographieUniversität BremenLeobener Straße 728359BremenGermany
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 573532 10PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Daniel Duvinage
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und KristallographieUniversität BremenLeobener Straße 728359BremenGermany
| | - Enno Lork
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und KristallographieUniversität BremenLeobener Straße 728359BremenGermany
| | - Antonín Lyčka
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Hradec KrálovéRokitanského 62500 03Hradec Králové 3Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Černošek
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 573532 10PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Jan Macháček
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryCzech Academy of Sciences250 68Řež near PragueCzech Republic
| | - Sergey Makarov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS49 Tropinin St.603950Nizhny NovgorodRussian Federation
| | - Sergey Ketkov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS49 Tropinin St.603950Nizhny NovgorodRussian Federation
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für ExperimentalphysikFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 1414195BerlinGermany
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of PardubiceStudentská 573532 10PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und KristallographieUniversität BremenLeobener Straße 728359BremenGermany
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20
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Zharkov DO, Yudkina AV, Riesebeck T, Loshchenova PS, Mostovich EA, Dianov GL. Boron-containing nucleosides as tools for boron-neutron capture therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4668-4682. [PMID: 34765286 PMCID: PMC8569357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant progress in cancer cure, the development of new approaches to cancer therapy is still of great importance since many deadly tumors remain untreatable. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), proposed more than eighty years ago, is still considered a potentially advantageous approach. Irradiation of cells containing 10B isotopes with epithermal neutrons and the consequent decay of boron nuclei releases particles that deposit high energy along a very short path, inflicting heavy damage on the target cells but sparing the neighbouring tissue. Delivery and preferential accumulation of boron in cancer cells are the major obstacles that slow down the clinical use of BNCT. Since DNA damage caused by irradiation is the major reason for cell death, the incorporation of boron-containing nucleotides into the DNA of cancer cells may significantly increase the efficacy of BNCT. In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge in the synthesis of boron-containing nucleosides and their application for BNCT with a special focus on their possible incorporation into genomic DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry O Zharkov
- Novosibirsk State University2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine8 Lavrentieva Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anna V Yudkina
- Novosibirsk State University2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine8 Lavrentieva Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Tim Riesebeck
- Novosibirsk State University2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Polina S Loshchenova
- Novosibirsk State University2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- SB RAS Institute of Cytology and Genetics10 Lavrentieva Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Mostovich
- Novosibirsk State University2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Grigory L Dianov
- Novosibirsk State University2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- SB RAS Institute of Cytology and Genetics10 Lavrentieva Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research BuildingOxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
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21
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Abstract
An efficient synthesis of an acid-free neutral oxoborane of the type carboranyl-B(carbene)=O has been developed via a serendipitous discovery from the reaction of 1,2-[BBr(carbene)]-o-carborane with AgOTf. This represents a new type of oxoborane. The stabilization of this oxoborane may be attributed to 1) kinetic stabilization provided by a bulky 3D carboranyl ligand and 2) thermodynamic stabilization offered by a carbene ligand. Crystallographic analyses support the presence of the shortest terminal B=O double bond ever reported thus far. Its reactivity has also been examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingting Yang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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22
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Yao S, Kostenko A, Xiong Y, Lorent C, Ruzicka A, Driess M. Changing the Reactivity of Zero- and Mono-Valent Germanium with a Redox Non-Innocent Bis(silylenyl)carborane Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14864-14868. [PMID: 33909944 PMCID: PMC8252802 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Using the chelating C,C'-bis(silylenyl)-ortho-dicarborane ligand, 1,2-(RSi)2 -1,2-C2 B10 H10 [R=PhC(NtBu)2 ], leads to the monoatomic zero-valent Ge complex ("germylone") 3. The redox non-innocent character of the carborane scaffold has a drastic influence on the reactivity of 3 towards reductants and oxidants. Reduction of 3 with one molar equivalent of potassium naphthalenide (KC10 H8 ) causes facile oxidation of Ge0 to GeI along with a two-electron reduction of the C2 B10 cluster core and subsequent GeI -GeI coupling to form the dianionic bis(silylene)-supported Ge2 complex 4. In contrast, oxidation of 3 with one molar equivalent of [Cp2 Fe][B{C6 H3 (CF3 )2 }4 ] as a one-electron oxidant furnishes the dicationic bis(silylene)-supported Ge2 complex 5. The Ge0 atom in 3 acts as donor towards GeCl2 to form the trinuclear mixed-valent Ge0 →GeII ←Ge0 complex 6, from which dechlorination with KC10 H8 affords the neutral Ge2 complex 7 as a diradical species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglai Yao
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Arseni Kostenko
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Yun Xiong
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Christian Lorent
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Biophysical ChemistryTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. PC1410623BerlinGermany
| | - Ales Ruzicka
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of PardubiceStudentska 57353210PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
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23
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Zelinskii GE, Limarev IP, Vologzhanina AV, Olshevskaya VA, Makarenkov AV, Dorovatovskii PV, Chuprin AS, Vershinin MA, Dudkin SV, Voloshin YZ. Synthesis and Structure of the Bis- and Tris-Polyhedral Hybrid Carboranoclathrochelates with Functionalizing Biorelevant Substituents-The Derivatives of Propargylamine Iron(II) Clathrochelates with Terminal Triple C≡C Bond(s). Molecules 2021; 26:3635. [PMID: 34198621 PMCID: PMC8232327 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A synthetic strategy for obtaining structurally flexible hybrid iron(II) carboranoclatrochelates functionalized with biorelevant groups, based on a combination of a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with nucleophilic substitution of an appropriate chloroclathrochelate precursor, was developed. In its first stage, a stepwise substitution of the dichloroclathrochelate precursor with amine N-nucleophiles of different natures in various solvents was performed. One of its two chlorine atoms with morpholine or diethylamine in dichloromethane gave reactive monohalogenoclathrochelate complexes functionalized with abiorelevant substituents. Further nucleophilic substitution of their remaining chlorine atoms with propargylamine in DMF led to morpholine- and diethylamine-functionalized monopropargylamine cage complexes, the molecules of which contain the single terminal C≡C bond. Their "click" 1,3-cycloaddition reactions in toluene with ortho-carborane-(1)-methylazide catalyzed by copper(II) acetate gave spacer-containing di- and tritopic iron(II) carboranoclatrochelates formed by a covalent linking between their different polyhedral(cage) fragments. The obtained complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, MALDI-TOF mass, UV-Vis, 1H, 1H{11B}, 11B, 11B{1H}, 19F{1H} and 13C{1H}-NMR spectra, and by a single crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiment for the diethylamine-functionalized iron(II) carboranoclathrochelate. Its encapsulated iron(II) ion is situated almost in the center of the FeN6-coordination polyhedron possessing a geometry intermediate between a trigonal prism and a trigonal antiprism with a distortion angle φ of approximately 28°. Conformation of this hybrid molecule is strongly affected by its intramolecular dihydrogen bonding: a flexibility of the carborane-terminated ribbed substituent allowed the formation of numerous C-H…H-B intramolecular interactions. The H(C) atom of this carborane core also forms the intermolecular C-H…F-B interaction with an adjacent carboranoclathrochelate molecule. The N-H…N intermolecular interaction between the diethylamine group of one hybrid molecule and the heterocyclic five-membered 1H-[1,2,3]-triazolyl fragment of the second molecule of this type caused formation of H-bonded carboranoclathrochelate dimers in the X-rayed crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genrikh E. Zelinskii
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr., 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (G.E.Z.); (I.P.L.)
- Nesmeyanov Institute of the Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.A.O.); (A.V.M.); (A.S.C.); (S.V.D.)
| | - Ilya P. Limarev
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr., 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (G.E.Z.); (I.P.L.)
- Nesmeyanov Institute of the Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.A.O.); (A.V.M.); (A.S.C.); (S.V.D.)
| | - Anna V. Vologzhanina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of the Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.A.O.); (A.V.M.); (A.S.C.); (S.V.D.)
| | - Valentina A. Olshevskaya
- Nesmeyanov Institute of the Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.A.O.); (A.V.M.); (A.S.C.); (S.V.D.)
| | - Anton V. Makarenkov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of the Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.A.O.); (A.V.M.); (A.S.C.); (S.V.D.)
| | | | - Alexander S. Chuprin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of the Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.A.O.); (A.V.M.); (A.S.C.); (S.V.D.)
| | - Mikhail A. Vershinin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Lavrentieva prosp., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Semyon V. Dudkin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of the Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.A.O.); (A.V.M.); (A.S.C.); (S.V.D.)
| | - Yan Z. Voloshin
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr., 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (G.E.Z.); (I.P.L.)
- Nesmeyanov Institute of the Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (V.A.O.); (A.V.M.); (A.S.C.); (S.V.D.)
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24
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Wang L, Perveen S, Ouyang Y, Zhang S, Jiao J, He G, Nie Y, Li P. Well-Defined, Versatile and Recyclable Half-Sandwich Nickelacarborane Catalyst for Selective Carbene-Transfer Reactions. Chemistry 2021; 27:5754-5760. [PMID: 33458881 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic carbene-transfer reactions constitute a class of highly useful transformations in organic synthesis. Although catalysts based on a range of transition-metals have been reported, the readily accessible nickel(II)-based complexes have been rarely used. Herein, an air-stable nickel(II)-carborane complex is reported as a well-defined, versatile and recyclable catalyst for selective carbene transfer reactions with low catalyst loading under mild conditions. This catalyst is effective for several types of reactions including diastereoselective cyclopropanation, epoxidation, selective X-H insertions (X = C, N, O, S, Si), particularly for the unprotected substrates. This represents a rare example of carborane ligands in base metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghua Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Saima Perveen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yizhao Ouyang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Jiao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Yong Nie
- Institute for Smart Materials & Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
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25
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Wang J, Wang ZY, Li SJ, Zang SQ, Mak TCW. Carboranealkynyl-Protected Gold Nanoclusters: Size Conversion and UV/Vis-NIR Optical Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5959-5964. [PMID: 33314503 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Structure evolution has become an effective way to assemble novel monolayer-protected metal nanomolecules. However, evolution with alkynyl-stabilized metal clusters still remains rarely explored. Herein, we present a carboranealkynyl-protected gold nanocluster [Au28 (C4 B10 H11 )12 (tht)8 ]3+ (Au28 , tht=tetrahydrothiophene) possessing an open-shell electronic structure with 13 free electrons, which was isolated by a facile self-reduction method with 9-HC≡C-closo-1,2-C2 B10 H11 as the two-in-one reducing and protecting agent. Notably, Au28 undergoes a complete transformation in methanol into a stable and smaller-sized nanocluster [Au23 (C4 B10 H11 )9 (tht)6 ]2+ (Au23 ) bearing 12 valence electrons and crystal-field-like split superatomic 1D orbitals. The transformation process was systematically monitored with ESI-MS and UV/Vis absorption spectra. Au28 and Au23 both display optical absorption covering the UV/Vis-NIR range and NIR emission, which facilitates their potential application in the biomedical and photocatalytic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Wang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Thomas C W Mak
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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26
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Asawa Y, Arsent’eva AV, Anufriev SA, Anisimov AA, Suponitsky KY, Filippov OA, Nakamura H, Sivaev IB. Synthesis of Bis(Carboranyl)amides 1,1'-μ-(CH 2NH(O)C(CH 2) n-1,2-C 2B 10H 11) 2 ( n = 0, 1) and Attempt of Synthesis of Gadolinium Bis(Dicarbollide). Molecules 2021; 26:1321. [PMID: 33801248 PMCID: PMC7958119 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bis(carboranyl)amides 1,1'-μ-(CH2NH(O)C(CH2)n-1,2-C2B10H11)2 (n = 0, 1) were prepared by the reactions of the corresponding carboranyl acyl chlorides with ethylenediamine. Crystal molecular structure of 1,1'-μ-(CH2NH(O)C-1,2-C2B10H11)2 was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Treatment of bis(carboranyl)amides 1,1'-μ-(CH2NH(O)C(CH2)n-1,2-C2B10H11)2 with ammonium or cesium fluoride results in partial deboronation of the ortho-carborane cages to the nido-carborane ones with formation of [7,7'(8')-μ-(CH2NH(O)C(CH2)n-7,8-C2B9H11)2]2-. The attempted reaction of [7,7'(8')-μ-(CH2NH(O)CCH2-7,8-C2B9H11)2]2- with GdCl3 in 1,2-dimethoxy- ethane did not give the expected metallacarborane. The stability of different conformations of Gd-containing metallacarboranes has been estimated by quantum-chemical calculations using [3,3-μ-DME-3,3'-Gd(1,2-C2B9H11)2]- as a model. It was found that in the most stable conformation the CH groups of the dicarbollide ligands are in anti,anti-orientation with respect to the DME ligand, while any rotation of the dicarbollide ligand reduces the stability of the system. This makes it possible to rationalize the design of carborane ligands for the synthesis of gadolinium metallacarboranes on their base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunobu Asawa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan;
| | - Aleksandra V. Arsent’eva
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.A.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (K.Y.S.); (O.A.F.)
- Faculty of Chemical Pharmaceutical Technologies and Biomedical Products, D.I. Mendeleev Russian Chemical Technological University, 9 Miusskaya Sq., 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Anufriev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.A.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (K.Y.S.); (O.A.F.)
| | - Alexei A. Anisimov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.A.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (K.Y.S.); (O.A.F.)
- Higher Chemical College at the Russian Academy of Sciences, D.I. Mendeleev Russian Chemical Technological University, 9 Miusskaya Sq., 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kyrill Yu. Suponitsky
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.A.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (K.Y.S.); (O.A.F.)
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg A. Filippov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.A.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (K.Y.S.); (O.A.F.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho- Maklay Str., 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan;
| | - Igor B. Sivaev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.A.); (S.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (K.Y.S.); (O.A.F.)
- Basic Department of Chemistry of Innovative Materials and Technologies, G.V. Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyannyi Line, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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27
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Li CX, Ning Q, Zhao W, Cao HJ, Wang YP, Yan H, Lu CS, Liang Y. Rh-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Cross-Coupling between o- Carboranes and Twisted Amides: A Regioselective, Additive-Free, and Concise Late-Stage Carboranylation. Chemistry 2021; 27:2699-2706. [PMID: 32969106 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The convenient cross-coupling of sp2 or sp3 carbons with a specific boron vertex on carborane cage represents significant synthetic values and insurmountable challenges. In this work, we report an Rh-catalyzed reaction between o-carborane and N-acyl-glutarimides to construct various Bcage -C bonds. Under the optimized condition, the removable imine directing group (DG) leads to B(3)- or B(3,6)-C couplings, while the pyridyl DG leads to B(3,5)-Ar coupling. In particular, an unexpected rearrangement of amide reagent is observed in pyridyl directed B(4)-C(sp3 ) formation. This scalable protocol has many advantages, including easy access, the use of cheap and widely available coupling agents, no requirement of an external ligand, base or oxidant, high efficiency, and a broad substrate scope. Leveraging the RhI dimer and twisted amides, this method enables straightforward access to diversely substituted and therapeutically important carborane derivatives at boron site, and provides a highly valuable vista for carborane-based drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key, Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qian Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key, Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wenxuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key, Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hou-Ji Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key, Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key, Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key, Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Sheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key, Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key, Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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28
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Marsh AV, Little M, Cheetham NJ, Dyson MJ, Bidwell M, White AJP, Warriner CN, Swain AC, McCulloch I, Stavrinou PN, Heeney M. Highly Deformed o-Carborane Functionalised Non-linear Polycyclic Aromatics with Exceptionally Long C-C Bonds. Chemistry 2021; 27:1970-1975. [PMID: 33044792 PMCID: PMC7898797 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of substituting o-carborane into the most sterically hindered positions of phenanthrene and benzo(k)tetraphene is reported. Synthesised via a Bull-Hutchings-Quayle benzannulation, the crystal structures of these non-linear acenes exhibited the highest aromatic deformation parameters observed for any reported carborane compound to date, and among the largest carboranyl C-C bond length of all organo-substituted o-carboranes. Photoluminescence studies of these compounds demonstrated efficient intramolecular charge-transfer, leading to aggregation induced emission properties. Additionally, an unusual low-energy excimer was observed for the phenanthryl compound. These are two new members of the family of carborane-functionalised non-linear acenes, notable for their peculiar structures and multi-luminescent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam V. Marsh
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Mark Little
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Nathan J. Cheetham
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Matthew J. Dyson
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhovenNetherlands
| | - Matthew Bidwell
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | | | | | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of ChemistryChemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Paul N. Stavrinou
- Department of Engineering ScienceUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3PJUK
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable ElectronicsImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
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29
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Abstract
The first series of bis(silylene)-stabilized nitrogen(I) compounds is described. Starting from the 1,2-bis(N-heterocyclic silylenyl) 1,2-dicarba-closo-dedocaborane(12) scaffold 1, [1,2-(LSi)2 C2 B10 H10 ; L=PhC(Nt Bu)2 ], reaction with adamantyl azide (AdN3 ) affords the terminal N-μ2 -bridged zwitterionic carborane-1,2-bis(silylium) AdN3 adduct 2 with an open-cage dianionic nido-C2 B10 cluster core. Remarkably, upon one-electron reduction of 2 with C8 K and liberation of N2 and adamantane, the two silylene subunits are regenerated to furnish the isolable bis(silylene)-stabilized NI complex as an anion of 3 with the nido-C2 B10 cluster cage. On the other hand, one-electron oxidation of 2 with silver(I) yields the monocationic bis(silylene) NI complex 4 with the closo-C2 B10 cluster core. Moreover, the corresponding neutral NI radical complex 5 results from single-electron transfer from 3 to 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglai Yao
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical & Biological EngineeringUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison1415 Engineering DriveMadisonWI53706USA
| | - Yun Xiong
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Christian Lorent
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Biophysical ChemistryTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. PC1410623BerlinGermany
| | - Ales Ruzicka
- Department of General and Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of PardubiceStudentska 573532 10PardubiceCzech Republic
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
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30
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Holub J, Vishnevskiy YV, Fanfrlík J, Mitzel NW, Tikhonov D, Schwabedissen J, McKee ML, Hnyk D. Bromination Mechanism of closo-1,2-C 2 B 10 H 12 and the Structure of the Resulting 9-Br-closo-1,2-C 2 B 10 H 11 Determined by Gas Electron Diffraction. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2606-2610. [PMID: 33029907 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
9-Br-closo-1,2-C2 B10 H11 has been prepared and its gas-phase structure has been examined by means of gas electron diffraction. The structure of the carbaborane core is similar to the structure of the parent compound, which is of C2v symmetry. A DFT-based search for the corresponding reaction pathway of the bromination of closo-1,2-C2 B10 H12 revealed that the catalytic amount of aluminum reduces the barrier of the initial attack of the bromination agent toward the negatively charged part of the icosahedral carbaborane, i. e., the first transition state, from about 40 to about 27 kcalmol-1 . The Br-Br bond is weakened by an intermediate binding to the large π-hole on the aluminum atom of AlBr3 , which is the driving force for the AlBr3 -catalyzed bromination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Holub
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-250 68, Husinec - Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Yury V Vishnevskiy
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jindřich Fanfrlík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-16610, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Denis Tikhonov
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jan Schwabedissen
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Michael L McKee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA
| | - Drahomír Hnyk
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-250 68, Husinec - Řež, Czech Republic
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31
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Couto M, Alamón C, Nievas S, Perona M, Dagrosa MA, Teixidor F, Cabral P, Viñas C, Cerecetto H. Bimodal Therapeutic Agents Against Glioblastoma, One of the Most Lethal Forms of Cancer. Chemistry 2020; 26:14335-14340. [PMID: 32738078 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
About 95 % of people diagnosed with glioblastoma die within five years. Glioblastoma is the most aggressive central nervous system tumour. It is necessary to make progress in the glioblastoma treatment so that advanced chemotherapy drugs or radiation therapy or, ideally, two-in-one hybrid systems should be implemented. Tyrosine kinase receptors-inhibitors and boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), together, could provide a therapeutic strategy. In this work, sunitinib decorated-carborane hybrids were prepared and biologically evaluated identifying excellent antitumoral- and BNCT-agents. One of the selected hybrids was studied against glioma-cells and found to be 4 times more cytotoxic than sunitinib and 1.7 times more effective than 10 B-boronophenylalanine fructose complex when the cells were irradiated with neutrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Couto
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Institut de Ciències dels Materials de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Catalina Alamón
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Susana Nievas
- Department of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, National Atomic Energy Commission (CNEA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Perona
- Department of Radiobiology, CNEA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciències dels Materials de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Pablo Cabral
- Área de Radiofarmacia, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares (CIN), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Mataojo 2055, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciències dels Materials de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Hugo Cerecetto
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Área de Radiofarmacia, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares (CIN), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Mataojo 2055, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
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32
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Grüner B, Kugler M, El Anwar S, Holub J, Nekvinda J, Bavol D, Růžičková Z, Pospíšilová K, Fábry M, Král V, Brynda J, Řezáčová P. Cobalt Bis(dicarbollide) Alkylsulfonamides: Potent and Highly Selective Inhibitors of Tumor Specific Carbonic Anhydrase IX. Chempluschem 2020; 86:352-363. [PMID: 32955786 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is an enzyme expressed on the surface of cells in hypoxic tumors. It plays a role in regulation of tumor pH and promotes thus tumor cell survival and occurrence of metastases. Here, derivatives of the cobalt bis(dicarbollide)(1-) anion are reported that are based on substitution at the carbon sites of the polyhedra by two alkylsulfonamide groups differing in the length of the aliphatic connector (from C1 to C4, n=1-4), which were prepared by cobalt insertion into the 7-sulfonamidoalkyl-7,8-dicarba-nido-undecaborate ions. Pure meso- and rac-diastereoisomeric forms were isolated. The series is complemented with monosubstituted species (n=2). Synthesis by a direct method furnished similar derivatives (n=2, 3), which are chlorinated at the B(8,8') boron sites. All compounds inhibited CAIX with subnanomolar inhibition constants and showed high selectivity for CAIX. The best inhibitory properties were observed for the compound with n= 3 and two substituents present in rac-arrangement with Ki =20 pM and a selectivity index of 668. X-ray crystallography was used to study interactions of these compounds with the active site of CAIX on the structural level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohumír Grüner
- Department of Synthesis, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68, Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Kugler
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and, Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Suzan El Anwar
- Department of Synthesis, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68, Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Holub
- Department of Synthesis, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68, Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Nekvinda
- Department of Synthesis, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68, Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Dmytro Bavol
- Department of Synthesis, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68, Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Růžičková
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Pospíšilová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and, Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Fábry
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vlastimil Král
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Brynda
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Řezáčová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and, Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
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33
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Abstract
The preparation of a molecule with two alkyl‐tethered silylium‐ion sites from the corresponding bis(hydrosilanes) by two‐fold hydride abstraction is reported. The length of the conformationally flexible alkyl bridge is crucial as otherwise the hydride abstraction stops at the stage of a cyclic bissilylated hydronium ion. With an ethylene tether, the open form of the hydronium‐ion intermediate is energetically accessible and engages in another hydride abstraction. The resulting bis(silylium) ion has been NMR spectroscopically and structurally characterized. Related systems based on rigid naphthalen‐n,m‐diyl platforms can only be converted into the dications when the positively charged silylium‐ion units are remote from each other (1,8 versus 1,5 and 2,6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Avijit Roy
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Irran
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hendrik F T Klare
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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34
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Ochi J, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. Recent Progress in the Development of Solid-State Luminescent o- Carboranes with Stimuli Responsivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9841-9855. [PMID: 32009291 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
o-Carborane, a cluster compound containing boron and adjacent carbon atoms, displays intriguing luminescent properties. Recently, compounds containing o-carborane units were found to show suppressed aggregation-induced quenching and intense solid-state emission; they also show potential for the development of stimuli-responsive luminochromic materials. In this Minireview, we introduce three kinds of fundamental photochemical properties: aggregation-induced emission, twisted intramolecular charge transfer in crystals, and environment-sensitive excimer formation in solids. Based on these properties, several types of luminochromism, such as thermos-, vapo-, and mechanochromism, have been discovered. Based mainly on results from recent studies, we illustrate these mechanisms as well as unique luminescent behaviors of o-carborane derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junki Ochi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
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35
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Guerrero I, Kelemen Z, Viñas C, Romero I, Teixidor F. Metalla carboranes as Photoredox Catalysts in Water. Chemistry 2020; 26:5027-5036. [PMID: 31999000 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metallacarboranes with the shape of the Greek letter θ, such as [Co(C2 B9 H11 )2 ]- , were tested, for the first time, as efficient photoredox catalysts in the oxidation of aromatic and aliphatic alcohols in water. Their efficiency is linked to their high solubility in water, their high oxidizing power (Co4+/3+ ), and their absence of fluorescence on excitation, among others. In most of the studied examples, using a catalyst load of 0.4 mol % gave high yields of 90-95 % with selectivity greater than 99 %. By reducing the catalyst load to 0.01 mol %, quantitative conversion of reactants to products was achieved, in some cases with greater than 99 % yield, high catalyst efficiency reaching a turnover number of 10 000, and a higher yield with a 45 times lower concentration of catalyst. The metallacarboranes can be recovered easily by precipitation on addition of [NMe4 ]Cl. A pathway for the photoredox-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Guerrero
- Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,Departament de Química and Serveis Tècnics de Recerca, Universitat de Girona, C/ M. Aurèlia Campmany, 69, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Zsolt Kelemen
- Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Isabel Romero
- Departament de Química and Serveis Tècnics de Recerca, Universitat de Girona, C/ M. Aurèlia Campmany, 69, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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36
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Brzeski J, Czapla M, Skurski P. Icosahedral Carborane Superacids and their Conjugate Bases Comprising H, F, Cl, and CN Substituents: A Theoretical Investigation of Monomeric and Dimeric Cages. Chempluschem 2020; 85:312-318. [PMID: 32031331 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical investigation of the H(CHB11 X11 ) (X=H, F, Cl, CN), H(CHB11 Xn Y11-n ) (X,Y=F, Cl; n=1,5), and dimeric (H(CHB11 X11 ))2 (X=F, Cl) carborane superacids performed at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) theory level revealed the similarity of their equilibrium structures and the possibility of nearly barrierless hydrogen atom migration among the substituents attached to one side of the icosahedral CB11 cage. The vertical electron detachment energies predicted at the OVGF/6-311++G(3df,2pd) theory level for the conjugate bases (CHB11 X11 )- were found to span the 5.82-9.00 ev range. The acid strengths (manifested by the Gibbs free deprotonation energies spanning the 213-266 kcal/mol range) predicted for the icosahedral H(CHB11 X11 ) carborane systems confirm their superacidic properties which might be increased even further by the attachment of the second carborane H(CHB11 X11 ) unit that leads to a dimeric structure mimicking a part of an experimentally observed H-bridged polymeric chain. The Gibbs free deprotonation energy of the dimeric (H(CHB11 Cl11 ))2 acid was predicted to be smaller by 17 kcal/mol than that of the corresponding monomeric H(CHB11 Cl11 ) acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Brzeski
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry Department of Theoretical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marcin Czapla
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry Department of Theoretical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Skurski
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry Department of Theoretical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
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37
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Chambrier I, Hughes DL, Jeans RJ, Welch AJ, Budzelaar PHM, Bochmann M. Do Gold(III) Complexes Form Hydrogen Bonds? An Exploration of Au III Dicarboranyl Chemistry. Chemistry 2020; 26:939-947. [PMID: 31721328 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of 1,1'-Li2 [(2,2'-C2 B10 H10 )2 ] with the cyclometallated gold(III) complex (C^N)AuCl2 afforded the first examples of gold(III) dicarboranyl complexes. The reactivity of these complexes is subject to the trans-influence exerted by the dicarboranyl ligand, which is substantially weaker than that of non-carboranyl anionic C-ligands. In line with this, displacement of coordinated pyridine by chloride is only possible under forcing conditions. While treatment of (C^N)Au{(2,2'-C2 B10 H10 )2 } (2) with triflic acid leads to Au-C rather than Au-N bond protonolysis, aqueous HBr cleaves the Au-N bond to give the pyridinium bromo complex 7. The trans-influence of a series of ligands including dicarboranyl and bis(dicarboranyl) was assessed by means of DFT calculations. The analysis demonstrated that it was not sufficient to rely exclusively on geometric descriptors (calculated or experimental) when attempting to rank ligands for their trans influence. Complex (C^N)Au(C2 B10 H11 )2 containing two non-chelating dicarboranyl ligands was prepared similar to 2. Its reaction with trifluoroacetic acid also leads to Au-N cleavage to give trans-(Hpy^C)Au(OAcF )(C2 B10 H11 )2 (8). In crystals of 8 the pyridinium N-H bond points towards the metal centre, while in 7 it is bent away. The possible contribution of gold(III)⋅⋅⋅H-N hydrogen bonding in these complexes was investigated by DFT calculations. The results show that, unlike the situation for platinum(II), there is no evidence for an energetically significant contribution by hydrogen bonding in the case of gold(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Chambrier
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - David L Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Rebekah J Jeans
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Alan J Welch
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Peter H M Budzelaar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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38
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Abstract
We have examined the insertion of carbenes carrying leaving groups into the [nido-B11H13]2- dianion to form the [closo-1-CB11H12]- anion. The best procedure uses CF3SiMe3 and LiCl as the source of CF2. It is simple, convenient and scalable and proceeds with 70-90% yield. Density functional calculations have been used to develop a mechanistic proposal that accounts for the different behavior of CF2, requiring only one equivalent of base for successful conversion of Na[nido-B11H14]- to [closo-1-CB11H12]-, and CCl2 and CBr2, which require more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Pecyna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0215, USA.
| | - Igor Rončević
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Josef Michl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0215, USA.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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39
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Coburger P, Bielytskyi P, Williamson D, Rys E, Kreienbrink A, Lönnecke P, Matysik J, Hey-Hawkins E. Accessing the First nido-Carborane-Substituted Diphosphetane: A Ligand and Synthon for nido-Carboranylphosphanes. Chemistry 2019; 25:11456-11465. [PMID: 31074568 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Deboronation of a carborane-substituted diphosphetane 2 in toluene yielded the first nido-carboranyldiphosphetane 1. The P-P bond in 1 can be broken via dismutation reactions with diaryl dichalcogenides yielding nido-carboranyl bis-phosphanes that were not accessible via established synthetic protocols. Additionally, transition metal complexes of 1 could be isolated including one coordination polymer. Notably, when the deboronation of 2 is carried out in ethanol, unprecedented nido-carborane-substituted secondary bis-phosphane monoxides (3, 4) are obtained. These compounds are interesting starting materials for further reactivity studies due to their P-H bonds. Experimental findings are supported by DFT calculations including the calculation of reaction mechanisms and NMR spectroscopic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Coburger
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pavlo Bielytskyi
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Linnéstraße 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Darcy Williamson
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Evgeny Rys
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Science, Vavilov Str. 28, 117813, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anika Kreienbrink
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Linnéstraße 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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40
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Tang C, Chen L, Zhang L, Chen Z, Li G, Yan Z, Lin L, Liu J, Huang L, Ye Y, Hua Y, Shi J, Xia H, Hong W. Multicenter-Bond-Based Quantum Interference in Charge Transport Through Single-Molecule Carborane Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10601-10605. [PMID: 31166071 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Molecular components are vital to introduce and manipulate quantum interference (QI) in charge transport through molecular electronic devices. Up to now, the functional molecular units that show QI are mostly found in conventional π- and σ-bond-based systems; it is thus intriguing to study QI in multicenter bonding systems without both π- and σ-conjugations. Now the presence of QI in multicenter-bond-based systems is demonstrated for the first time, through the single-molecule conductance investigation of carborane junctions. We find that all the three connectivities in carborane frameworks show different levels of destructive QI, which leads to highly suppressed single-molecule conductance in para- and meta-connected carboranes. The investigation of QI into carboranes provides a promising platform to fabricate molecular electronic devices based on multicenter bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lijue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Longyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Guopeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhewei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Luchun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Junyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Longfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yiling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuhui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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41
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Kahraman G, Wang DY, von Irmer J, Gallei M, Hey-Hawkins E, Eren T. Synthesis and Characterization of Phosphorus- and Carborane-Containing Polyoxanorbornene Block Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E613. [PMID: 30960597 PMCID: PMC6523416 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Grubbs-catalyzed ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of carborane- and phosphonate-containing monomers has been used for the generation of hybrid block copolymers. Molecular weights with Mn of 50,000 g/mol were readily obtained with polydispersity index values, Đ, between 1.03⁻1.08. Reaction of the phospha ester and carborane substituted oxanorbornene block copolymer with trimethylsilyl bromide led to a new polymer with phosphonic acid functionalities. In application studies, the phospha-carborane functionalized block polymer was tested as heat resistance material. Thermal stability was investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) analysis. Thermal treatment and ceramic yield under air were directly correlated to the carborane content of the block copolymer. However, phosphorus content in the polymer was more crucial for the char residues when heated under nitrogen atmosphere. The peak heat release rate (PHRR) increased as the number of phosphonate functionalities increased. However, corresponding phosphonic acid derivatives featured a lower heat release rate and total heat release. Moreover, the phosphonic acid functionalities of the block copolymer offer efficient chelating capabilities for iron nanoparticles, which is of interest for applications in biomedicine in the future. The complexation with iron oxide nanoparticles was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP⁻MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Kahraman
- Chemistry Department, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - De-Yi Wang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, Getafe, 28906 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jonas von Irmer
- Macromolecular Chemistry Department, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Markus Gallei
- Macromolecular Chemistry Department, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
- Organic Macromolecular Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | | | - Tarik Eren
- Chemistry Department, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey.
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42
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Kabatas S, Agüi-Gonzalez P, Saal KA, Jähne S, Opazo F, Rizzoli SO, Phan NTN. Boron-Containing Probes for Non-optical High-Resolution Imaging of Biological Samples. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3438-3443. [PMID: 30614604 PMCID: PMC6593772 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Boron has been employed in materials science as a marker for imaging specific structures by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) or secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). It has a strong potential in biological analyses as well; however, the specific coupling of a sufficient number of boron atoms to a biological structure has proven challenging. Herein, we synthesize tags containing closo‐1,2‐dicarbadodecaborane, coupled to soluble peptides, which were integrated in specific proteins by click chemistry in mammalian cells and were also coupled to nanobodies for use in immunocytochemistry experiments. The tags were fully functional in biological samples, as demonstrated by nanoSIMS imaging of cell cultures. The boron signal revealed the protein of interest, while other SIMS channels were used for imaging different positive ions, such as the cellular metal ions. This allows, for the first time, the simultaneous imaging of such ions with a protein of interest and will enable new biological applications in the SIMS field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selda Kabatas
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, von-Siebold-Straße 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Paola Agüi-Gonzalez
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, von-Siebold-Straße 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kim-Ann Saal
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, von-Siebold-Straße 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jähne
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, von-Siebold-Straße 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felipe Opazo
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, von-Siebold-Straße 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silvio O Rizzoli
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, von-Siebold-Straße 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nhu T N Phan
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, von-Siebold-Straße 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
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43
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Buzharevski A, Paskas S, Sárosi MB, Laube M, Lönnecke P, Neumann W, Mijatovic S, Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Pietzsch J, Hey-Hawkins E. Carboranyl Analogues of Celecoxib with Potent Cytostatic Activity against Human Melanoma and Colon Cancer Cell Lines. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:315-321. [PMID: 30602073 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most common way of treating inflammatory disorders. Their widespread use helped reveal their other modes of action as pharmaceuticals, such as a profound effect on various cancers. Celecoxib has proven to be a very prominent member of this group with cytostatic activities. On the other hand, the highly dynamic field of drug design is constantly searching for new ways of modifying known structures to obtain more powerful and less harmful drugs. A very interesting development is the implementation of carboranes in pharmacologically active structures, mostly as phenyl mimetics. Herein we report the synthesis of three carborane-containing derivatives of the COX-2-selective NSAID celecoxib. The new compounds proved to have promising cytostatic potential against various melanoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines. Inhibited proliferation accompanied by caspase-independent apoptotic cell death was found to be the main cause of decreased cell viability upon treatment with the most efficient celecoxib analogue, 3 b (4-[5-(1,7-dicarba-closo-dodecaboranyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-methylsulfonylbenzene).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Buzharevski
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Svetlana Paskas
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Menyhárt-Botond Sárosi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Laube
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wilma Neumann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sanja Mijatovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Maksimovic-Ivanic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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44
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Coburger P, Aures R, Schulz P, Hey-Hawkins E. Exploiting the Ring Strain of Diphosphetanes: A Synthetic and Computational Approach towards 1,2,5-Selenadiphospholanes. Chempluschem 2018; 83:1057-1064. [PMID: 31950730 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A carboranyl-based meso-1,2,5-selenadiphospholane diselenide was synthesised starting from a strained carborane-substituted 1,2-diphosphetane and subsequently reduced to an unprecedented carboranyl-based meso-1,2,5-selenadiphospholane. The electronic structure and the bonding situation for both compounds were investigated by density functional theory (DFT), Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analyses, Fractional Occupation Density (FOD) analysis, Complete Active Space Self Consistent Field (CASSCF) calculations and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations. Ring-opening reactions of meso-1,2,5-selenadiphospholane with nucleophiles and electrophiles are reported together with calculated reaction mechanisms (DFT level). Isolated compounds were characterised by NMR and IR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Coburger
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Richard Aures
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Paulina Schulz
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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45
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Smyshliaeva LA, Varaksin MV, Slepukhin PA, Chupakhin ON, Charushin VN. Transition metal-free oxidative and deoxygenative C-H/C-Li cross-couplings of 2 H-imidazole 1-oxides with carboranyl lithium as an efficient synthetic approach to azaheterocyclic carboranes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:2618-2626. [PMID: 30410624 PMCID: PMC6204773 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct C-H functionalization methodology has first been applied to perform transition metal-free C-H/C-Li cross-couplings of 2H-imidazole 1-oxides with carboranyllithium. This atom- and step-economical approach, based on one-pot reactions of nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen (SN H) in non-aromatic azaheterocycles, affords novel imidazolyl-modified carboranes of two types (N-oxides and their deoxygenative analogues), which are particularly of interest in the design of advanced materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikhail V Varaksin
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620041 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Pavel A Slepukhin
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620041 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Oleg N Chupakhin
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620041 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Valery N Charushin
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620041 Ekaterinburg, Russia
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46
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Marsh AV, Cheetham NJ, Little M, Dyson M, White AJP, Beavis P, Warriner CN, Swain AC, Stavrinou PN, Heeney M. Carborane-Induced Excimer Emission of Severely Twisted Bis-o-Carboranyl Chrysene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10640-10645. [PMID: 29952051 PMCID: PMC6099267 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a highly twisted chrysene derivative incorporating two electron deficient o-carboranyl groups is reported. The molecule exhibits a complex, excitation-dependent photoluminescence, including aggregation-induced emission (AIE) with good quantum efficiency and an exceptionally long singlet excited state lifetime. Through a combination of detailed optical studies and theoretical calculations, the excited state species are identified, including an unusual excimer induced by the presence of o-carborane. This is the first time that o-carborane has been shown to induce excimer formation ab initio, as well as the first observation of excimer emission by a chrysene-based small molecule in solution. Bis-o-carboranyl chrysene is thus an initial member of a new family of o-carboranyl phenacenes exhibiting a novel architecture for highly-efficient multi-luminescent fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam V. Marsh
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic ElectronicsImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Nathan J. Cheetham
- Department of Physics and Centre for Plastics ElectronicsImperial College LondonUK
| | - Mark Little
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic ElectronicsImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Matthew Dyson
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul N. Stavrinou
- Department of Engineering ScienceUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3PJUK
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic ElectronicsImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
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47
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Tan F, López-Periago A, Light ME, Cirera J, Ruiz E, Borrás A, Teixidor F, Viñas C, Domingo C, Planas JG. An Unprecedented Stimuli-Controlled Single-Crystal Reversible Phase Transition of a Metal-Organic Framework and Its Application to a Novel Method of Guest Encapsulation. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1800726. [PMID: 29845666 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The flexibility and unexpected dynamic behavior of a third-generation metal-organic framework are described for the first time. The synthetic strategy is based on the flexibility and spherical shape of dipyridyl-based carborane linkers that act as pillars between rigid Co/BTB (BTB: 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate) layers, providing a 3D porous structure (1). A phase transition of the solid can be induced to generate a new, nonporous 2D structure (2) without any loss of the carborane linkers. The structural transformation is visualized by snapshots of the multistep single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. Poor hydrogen bond acceptors such as MeOH, CHCl3 or supercritical CO2 induce such a 3D to 2D transformation. Remarkably, the transformation is reversible and the 2D phase 2 is further converted back into 1 by heating in dimethylformamide. The energy requirements involved in such processes are investigated using periodic density functional theory calculations. As a proof of concept for potential applications, encapsulation of C60 is achieved by trapping this molecule during the reversible 2D to 3D phase transition, whereas no adsorption is observed by straight solvent diffusion into the pores of the 3D phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangchang Tan
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ana López-Periago
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mark E Light
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Jordi Cirera
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Eliseo Ruiz
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Alejandro Borrás
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Concepción Domingo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - José Giner Planas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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48
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Sadrerafi K, Mason EO, Lee MW. Clickable prodrugs bearing potent and hydrolytically cleavable nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitors. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:987-995. [PMID: 29731606 PMCID: PMC5923274 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s152685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Our previous study indicated that carborane containing small-molecule 1-(hydroxymethyl)-7-(4′-(trans-3″-(3′″-pyridyl)acrylamido)butyl)-1,7-dicarbadodecaborane (hm-MC4-PPEA), was a potent inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt). Nampt has been shown to be upregulated in most cancers and is a promising target for the treatment of many different types of cancers, including breast cancers. Patients and methods To increase the selectivity of hm-MC4-PPEA toward cancer cells, three prodrugs were synthesized with different hydrolyzable linkers: ester, carbonate, and carbamate. Using click chemistry a fluorophore was attached to these prodrugs to act as a model for our conjugation strategy and to serve as an aid for prodrug stability studies. The stabilities of these drug conjugates were tested in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at normothermia (37°C) using three different pH levels, 5.5, 7.5, and 9.5, as well as in horse serum at physiological pH. The stability of each was monitored using reversed-phase HPLC equipped with both diode array and fluorescence detection. The inhibitory activity of hm-MC4-PPEA was also measured using a commercially available colorimetric assay. The biological activities of the drug conjugates as well as those of the free drug (hm-MC4-PPEA), were evaluated using the MTT assay against the human breast cancer cell lines T47D and MCF7, as well as the noncancerous, transformed, Nampt-dependent human breast epithelium cell line 184A1. Results hm-MC4-PPEA showed to be a potent inhibitor of recombinant Nampt activity, exhibiting an IC50 concentration of 6.8 nM. The prodrugs showed great stability towards hydrolytic degradation under neutral, mildly acidic and mildly basic conditions. The carbamate prodrug also showed to be stable in rat serum. However, the carbonate and the ester prodrug release at various rates in serum presumably owing to the presence of several different classes of esterase. The biological activities of the drug conjugates correlate with the stability of their cleavable linkers observed in serum. Conclusion The targeted and selective delivery of potent Nampt inhibitors to cancer cells is a potentially new route for the treatment of many cancers. These prodrugs linked to small cancer-associated peptides may be optimum for their use as targetable Nampt inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keivan Sadrerafi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Emilia O Mason
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mark W Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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49
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Schulz J, Kreienbrink A, Coburger P, Schwarze B, Grell T, Lönnecke P, Hey-Hawkins E. 12-Vertex Zwitterionic Bis-phosphonium-nido-carborates through Ring-Opening Reactions of 1,2-Diphosphetanes. Chemistry 2018; 24:6208-6216. [PMID: 29441623 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Carborane-substituted 1,2-diphosphetanes (Ia,b) react with elemental lithium in THF with cleavage of the P-P bond to give a deep red solution from which, in the case of Ia, red crystals of a lithiated intermediate, [{1-Li(THF)PtBu-6-PtBu-4,1,6-closo-Li(THF)C2 B10 H10 }{Li(THF)3 }]2 ⋅2 THF (2 a), are obtained. The compound is dimeric, C2 -symmetric and contains six lithium and four phosphorus atoms. Two lithium atoms cap the six-membered C2 B4 faces, resulting in two 13-vertex closo-clusters (according to Wade's rules) with docosahedral geometry. The addition of methyl iodide resulted in the formation of zwitterionic bis-phosphonium-nido-carborates 7,10-bis(tert-butyldimethylphosphonium)dodecahydro-7,10-dicarba-nido-dodecaborate(2-) (1 a) and 7,10-bis(N,N-diisopropylaminodimethylphosphonium)dodecahydro-7,10-dicarba-nido-dodecaborate(2-) (1 b) in moderate to good yields. Compounds 1 a and 1 b exhibit short Ccluster -P bonds and large Ccluster ⋅⋅⋅Ccluster distances in the solid state. Further insight into the ring opening and reduction potential of the alkyl halide was obtained from methylation reactions of different 1,2-bis-phosphinocarboranes. The reaction of rac-/meso-1,2-bis(tert-butylmethylphosphino)-1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane(12) (3 a) with two equivalents of methyl iodide also resulted in the formation of 1 a (as shown by NMR spectroscopy), whereas the reaction of 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane(12) with methyl triflate afforded the phosphonium salt 1-methyl-diphenylphosphonium-2-diphenylphosphino-1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane(12) triflate (4) without reduction of the cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anika Kreienbrink
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Coburger
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benedikt Schwarze
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Toni Grell
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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50
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Wang H, Wu L, Lin Z, Xie Z. Transition-Metal-Like Behavior of Monovalent Boron Compounds: Reduction, Migration, and Complete Cleavage of CO at a Boron Center. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8708-8713. [PMID: 29575367 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The borylene-carbonyl moiety in [bis(silylene)B(CO)][WBr(CO)5 ] shows diverse reactivity. Reduction, migration, and complete cleavage of CO have been observed at the boron center, leading to the formation of new types of borylenes. These reactions not only serve as new methods for the synthesis of various stable borylenes, but also demonstrate that main-group-element compounds can mimic the behavior of transition-metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linlin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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