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Nikookar SH, Fazeli-Dinan M, Azari-Hamidian S, Mousavinasab SN, Arabi M, Ziapour SP, Shojaee J, Enayati A. Species composition and abundance of mosquito larvae in relation with their habitat characteristics in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. Bull Entomol Res 2017; 107:598-610. [PMID: 28956526 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485317000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mosquitoes transmit a variety of diseases to humans. Their abundance and distribution are related to the characteristics of larval habitats. Mosquito larvae were collected from 120 natural and artificial habitats in 30 villages of 16 counties using standard 350 ml dippers and pipette, on a monthly basis from May-December 2014 in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. Larval habitat characteristics were recorded separately, based on the conditions of the habitats (permanent or temporary, stagnant or running), type of habitats (natural or artificial), vegetation, exposure to sun, type of bed, water condition (clear or turbid), expanse (m), depth (cm, m) and temperature (°C) of habitats. The relationship between larval density and environmental variables was assessed by Chi-square tests. Totally, 19,840 larvae from three genera and 16 species were collected and identified. Anopheles maculipennis s.l. and Culex pipiens were the dominant species and collected with the highest density in plain areas. The highest number of larvae were collected from natural habitats (60.34%), including; river edge, marsh, pit and wetlands; with temporary and stagnant water, expanse of 0-5 m, depth of 1-25 cm, without plant, shadow-sun, muddy floor, turbid water, temperature 20-25°C and in sunny conditions. River edge and rice fields for An. maculipennis s.l and, wetlands and discarded tires for Cx. pipiens were the main larval habitats in the province. Statistical analysis revealed significant relation between occurrence of An. maculipennis s.l., Cx. pipiens, Culex torrentium, Culex mimeticus and Cs. annulata with each of the environmental variables (P < 0.001). These findings are essential in expanding our knowledge of the vectors ecology specially the type of habitat preference and will be beneficial in larval control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Nikookar
- Student Research Committee,Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control,Health Sciences Research Center,School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences,Sari,Iran
| | - M Fazeli-Dinan
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control,School of Public Health and Health Sciences Research Center,Mazandaran University of Medical Science,Sari,Iran
| | - S Azari-Hamidian
- School of Health, Research Center of Health and Environment, Guilan University of Medical Sciences,Rasht,Iran
| | - S N Mousavinasab
- Department of Biostatistics,Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences,Sari,Iran
| | - M Arabi
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine,Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences,Sari,Iran
| | - S P Ziapour
- Student Research Committee,Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control,Health Sciences Research Center,School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences,Sari,Iran
| | - J Shojaee
- Health Sciences Research Center,Students Research Committee,Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences,Sari,Iran
| | - A Enayati
- Head of Medical Entomology Department,School of Public Health and Health Sciences Research Center,Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences,Sari,Iran
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Khoobdel M, Azari-Hamidian S, Hanafi-Bojd A. Mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Iranian islands in the Persian Gulf II. Greater Tonb, Lesser Tonb and Kish Islands. J NAT HIST 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2012.707238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Khoobdel
- a Health Research Centre , Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - S. Azari-Hamidian
- b School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht , Iran
| | - A.A. Hanafi-Bojd
- c Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Saghafipour A, Abai MR, Farzinnia B, Nafar R, Ladonni H, Azari-Hamidian S. Mosquito (Diptera: culicidae) fauna of qom province, iran. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2012; 6:54-61. [PMID: 23293779 PMCID: PMC3528172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is very little information about the mosquito fauna of Qom Province, central Iran. By now only three species; Anopheles claviger, An. multicolor, and An. superpictus have been reported in the province. To study mosquito fauna and providing a primary checklist, an investigation was carried out on a collection of mosquitoes in this province. METHODS TO STUDY THE MOSQUITO (DIPTERA: Culicidae) fauna, larval collections were carried out from different habitats on 19 occasions using the standard dipping technique during spring and summer 2008 and 2009. RESULTS In total, 371 mosquito larvae were collected and morphologically identified including 14 species representing four genera: Anopheles claviger, An. marteri, An. turkhudi, An. superpictus, Culex arbieeni, Cx. hortensis, Cx. mimeticus, Cx. modestus, Cx. pipiens, Cx. territans, Cx. theileri, Culiseta longiareolata, Cs. subochrea, and Ochlerotatus caspius s.l. All species except for An. claviger and An. superpictus were collected for the first time in the province. All larvae were found in natural habitats. The association occasions and percentages of the mosquito larvae in Qom Province were discussed. CONCLUSION There are some potential or proven vectors of different human and domesticated animal pathogens in Qom Province. The ecology of these species and the unstudied areas of Qom Province need to be investigated extensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saghafipour
- Qom Provincial Health Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - MR Abai
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding authors: Dr Shahyad Azari-Hamidian, E-mail: , Mohammad Reza Abai, E-mail:
| | - B Farzinnia
- School of Public Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - R Nafar
- Qom Provincial Health Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - H Ladonni
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Azari-Hamidian
- School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran,Corresponding authors: Dr Shahyad Azari-Hamidian, E-mail: , Mohammad Reza Abai, E-mail:
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Azari-Hamidian S. Larval habitat characteristics of the genus anopheles (Diptera: culicidae) and a checklist of mosquitoes in guilan province, northern iran. Iran J Arthropod Borne Dis 2011; 5:37-53. [PMID: 22808409 PMCID: PMC3385571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ecological data are important in the vector control management of mosquitoes. There is scattered published information about the larval habitat characteristics and ecology of the genus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) in Iran and most of available data is in relation to malaria vectors in southern Iran. METHODS This cross sectional investigation was carried out to study the mosquito fauna and ecology in Guilan Province, northern Iran, during April-December 2000. Larvae were collected using the standard dipping technique. Larval habitat characteristics were recorded according to water situation (clear or turbid), vegetation, substrate type, sunlight situation, habitat situation (transient or permanent, running or stagnant), habitat type (natural or artificial), and water temperature. RESULTS In total, 1547 third- and fourth-instar larvae of Anopheles from 90 habitats were collected and morphologically identified. Five species; Anopheles claviger, An.'hyrcanus', An. maculipennis s.l., An. plumbeus, and An. superpictus were identified and respectively comprised 6.3%, 22.4%, 54.4%, 13.0%, and 3.9% of the samples. The mean and range temperatures of the larval habitat water were 19.6°C (n=14) (16-25°C), 22.6°C (n=53) (12-33°C), 23.8°C (n=52) (10-33°C), 11.5°C (n=12) (9-21°C), and 20.4°C (n=7) (12-26°C), respectively. There was a significant difference in the mean water temperatures (11.5-23.5°C) of the larval habitats of different species (P=0.000). Most of the genus larvae were collected from natural habitats (86.9%) such as river bed pools (46.4%) and rain pools (33.1%) with transient (98.3%), stagnant (99.5%) and clear (95.3%) water, with vegetation (69.9%), mud (42.0%) or gravel (39.7%) substrate in full sunlight (69.6%) or shaded (22.7%) area. A checklist of the province mosquitoes including 30 species and seven genera has been provided. CONCLUSION The main larval habitats of the most abundant species, An.'hyrcanus' and An. maculipennis s.l., in Guilan Province are: river bed pools, rain pools, and rice fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Azari-Hamidian
- School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Azari-Hamidian S, Linton YM, Abai M, Ladonni H, Oshaghi M, Hanafi-Bojd A, Moosa-Kazemi S, Shabkhiz H, Pakari A, Harbach R. Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) fauna of the Iranian islands in the Persian Gulf. J NAT HIST 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00222930903437358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Azari-Hamidian S, Yaghoobi-Ershadi MR, Javadian E, Abai MR, Mobedi I, Linton YM, Harbach RE. Distribution and ecology of mosquitoes in a focus of dirofilariasis in northwestern Iran, with the first finding of filarial larvae in naturally infected local mosquitoes. Med Vet Entomol 2009; 23:111-121. [PMID: 19493192 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2009.00802.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A study of the distribution and ecology of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Ardebil Province of northwestern Iran, with special reference to the known dirofilariasis focus in Meshkinshahr County, was carried out in July-August 2005 and April-October 2006. In total, 17,533 adult mosquitoes and 3090 third- and fourth-instar larvae were collected on 14 occasions and identified using morphological characters and DNA sequence data. Twenty species belonging to seven genera were found: Anopheles claviger (Meigen), An. hyrcanus (Pallas), An. maculipennis Meigen, An. pseudopictus Grassi*, An. sacharovi Favre, An. superpictus Grassi, Aedes vexans (Meigen)*, Coquillettidia richiardii (Ficalbi)*, Culex hortensis Ficalbi, Cx. modestus Ficalbi, Cx. pipiens Linnaeus, Cx. theileri Theobald, Cx. torrentium Martini*, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus Giles, Culiseta longiareolata (Macquart), Cs. annulata (Schrank)*, Cs. subochrea (Edwards), Ochlerotatus caspius (Pallas) s.l.* (= Aedes caspius sensu auctorum), Oc. geniculatus (Olivier)* (= Aedes geniculatus sensu auctorum) and Uranotaenia unguiculata Edwards (asterisks indicate new occurrence records for the province). The most prevalent species in adult catches were An. maculipennis (52%), Cx. theileri (45%) and Cx. hortensis (1%); the most prevalent species caught as larvae were Cx. theileri (27%), Cx. hortensis (21%) and An. maculipennis (19%). Anopheles maculipennis, Cx. pipiens and Cx. theileri were most widely distributed in the province. The occurrence of Cx. torrentium in Iran is verified based on differential characters of fourth-instar larvae. Anopheles maculipennis and An. sacharovi of the Maculipennis Group were identified from their diagnostic ITS2 sequences. For the first time, cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences were obtained from Iranian specimens of An. hyrcanus, An. pseudopictus, Cx. theileri and Oc. caspiuss.l. Culex theileri and An. maculipennis were found naturally infected with third-stage (infective) larvae of Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy) and Setaria labiatopapillosa (Alessandrini) (Spirurida: Onchocercidae), respectively, for the first time in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Azari-Hamidian
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Azari-Hamidian S, Abai MR, Ladonni H, Vatandoost H, Akbarzadeh K. Anopheles peditaeniatus (Leicester) new to the Iranian mosquito fauna with notes on Anopheles hyrcanus group in Iran. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 2006; 22:144-6. [PMID: 16646339 DOI: 10.2987/8756-971x(2006)22[144:aplntt]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Anopheles peditaeniatus is reported for the first time in Iran. Species of the Hyrcanus Group previously reported in Iran, including An. hyrcanus, An. pseudopictus, and An. nigerrimus, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Azari-Hamidian
- School of Public Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, PO. Box 3391, I.R. Iran
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