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Jamshidi J, Movafagh A, Emamalizadeh B, Zare Bidoki A, Manafi A, Ghasemi Firouzabadi S, Shahidi GA, Kazeminasab S, Petramfar P, Fazeli A, Motallebi M, Mortazavi-Tabatabaei SA, Kowsari A, Jafarian Z, Darvish H. HLA-DRAis associated with Parkinson's disease in Iranian population. Int J Immunogenet 2014; 41:508-11. [DOI: 10.1111/iji.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Jamshidi
- Department of Biochemistry; Fasa University of Medical Sciences; Fasa Iran
| | - A. Movafagh
- Department of Medical Genetics; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics; Pediatric Neurology Research Center; School of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - B. Emamalizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - A. Zare Bidoki
- Molecular Immunology Research Center; Children's Medical Center Hospital; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Immunology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - A. Manafi
- Student Research Committee; Fasa University of Medical Sciences; Fasa Iran
| | - S. Ghasemi Firouzabadi
- Genetics Research Center; University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - G.-A. Shahidi
- Movement Disorders Clinic; Hazrat Rassol Hospital; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - S. Kazeminasab
- Genetics Research Center; University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - P. Petramfar
- Department of Neurology; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - A. Fazeli
- Department of Medical Genetics; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - M. Motallebi
- Department of Medical Genetics; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | | | - A. Kowsari
- Stem cell Research Center; Golestan University of Medical Science; Gorgan Iran
| | - Z. Jafarian
- Genetics Research Center; University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - H. Darvish
- Department of Medical Genetics; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Ohadi M, Mirabzadeh A, Esmaeilzadeh-Gharehdaghi E, Rezazadeh M, Hosseinkhanni S, Oladnabi M, Firouzabadi SG, Darvish H. Novel evidence of the involvement of calreticulin in major psychiatric disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012; 37:276-81. [PMID: 22507216 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CALR) is a multi-functional protein that is strictly conserved across species. Two mRNA transcripts have been recognized for the CALR gene in humans, which use a common promoter sequence. We have recently reported mutations in the CALR promoter that co-occur with psychosis. One of those mutations at -220A increases gene expression in human BE(2)-C and HEK-293 cell lines. This mutation is the first instance of a functional cognition-deficit mutation reversing a human gene promoter to the primitive type. In the current study, we analyzed the effect of the most widely-used mood-stabilizing drug, valproic acid (VPA), on nucleotide -220 in two neuronal cell lines, LAN-5 and N2A. Remarkably, VPA increased gene expression in the cells with the wild-type -220C construct, whereas a dramatic decrease in gene expression was observed in the cell lines with the mutant construct (p<0.000004 and p<0.016, respectively). We also sequenced the 600-bp CALR promoter, and the highly conserved intron 1 sequence in an independent sample of patients afflicted with major psychiatric disorders and controls. A new case of major depressive disorder with psychotic features with the -220A mutation was identified. A novel 1-bp insertion was also detected in intron 1 at IVSI-310, in a case of amphetamine-induced psychosis. As for the psychosis-linked CALR promoter mutations identified to-date, the IVSI mutation was not detected in the control pool. This mutation creates a RREB-1 transcription factor binding site within the first intron. Our present findings identify the site of action of VPA in the CALR promoter, and introduce a novel mutation in a case of substance-induced psychosis in the first intron of CALR.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ohadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Soltani Banavandi MJ, Kahrizi K, Behjati F, Mohseni M, Darvish H, Bahman I, Abedinni SS, Ghasemi Firouzabadi S, Jafari E, Ghadami S, Sabbagh F, Kavoosi GR, Najmabadi H. Investigation of genetic causes of intellectual disability in kerman province, South East of iran. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2012; 14:79-85. [PMID: 22737560 PMCID: PMC3372047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intellectual disability (ID) has a worldwide prevalence of 1-3% and results from extraordinary heterogeneous. To shed more light on the causes of ID in Kerman Province, in Southeast Iran, we set out in 2008 to perform systematic clinical studies and homozygosity mapping in large Iranian families with ID. METHODS Fifty seven families with a minimum of two mentally retarded children from Kerman Province were initially tested for metabolic disorders, by Tandem mass spectrometry. Fragile X testing and standard karyotyping were performed for all probands of families. Cases with autosomal recessive (AR) pattern of inheritance and microcephaly were subjected to homozygosity mapping by using several microsatellite markers for known MCPH loci. RESULTS Three out of seven families with X-linked pattern of inheritance were positive for fragile X syndrome. Chromosome abnormality was not observed in any of dysmorphic patients and all families were negative for metabolic tests. Among the remaining 50 families of AR ID, six were found to be microcephalic, of which 2 linked to two MCPH loci (33.3%). The rest 4 families were not linked to any of the known loci. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that ID with microcephaly comprised 12% of ID cases in Kerman Province. In two families with apparent linkage to the MCPH5 and MCPH6 locus, mutation screening was not successful, which might indicate that either the mutation is located in the regulatory sequences of the gene or that there might be another genes present in these regions, which is mutated in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Soltani Banavandi
- Faculty of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran,Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - K Kahrizi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Behjati
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Mohseni
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Darvish
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - I Bahman
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S S Abedinni
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Ghasemi Firouzabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Jafari
- Deptartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sh Ghadami
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Sabbagh
- Genetics Counseling Center, Welfare Organization of Kerman Province, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gh R Kavoosi
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
| | - H Najmabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Correspondence: Hossein Najmabadi, PhD, Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel.: +98-21-22180138, Fax: +98-21-22180138, E-mail:
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Darvish H, Nabi MO, Firouzabadi SG, Karimlou M, Heidari A, Najmabadi H, Ohadi M. Exceptional human core promoter nucleotide compositions. Gene 2011; 475:79-86. [PMID: 21277957 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2010.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The proximal promoter sequences contain basic motifs for the expression of the downstream genes. We present genome-scale computational analyses of the 120-bp immediate upstream sequences to the +1 transcription start sites (TSSs) of 10,117 human protein-coding genes, and unravel exceptional genes in respect with the core promoter nucleotide composition. Our data reveal that while in 99% of the genes the absolute purine/pyrimidine ratio ranges between 0.2 and 2.5, certain genes show exceptional skew in this balance (e.g. ratios of 82.3 in VWA3A, 61.5 in Sox5, and 24.0 in BRWD3), and consist of islands of purines or pyrimidines. Furthermore, while over 95% of the genes lack more than one short tandem repeat (STR) in their core promoters, certain gene promoters are exceptionally rich in multiple STRs (e.g. eight consecutive STRs in UBE2QL1, and six STRs in GRIA2). We found sequence bias for the majority of those promoters across species, supporting functional roles for them in gene expression. Genes downstream to those promoters were also found to be of ontologic importance (i.e. we were able to track the majority of those genes to the lower species such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans). The exceptional promoters presented in this study lack the conventional motifs for the TATA, and TATA-less promoters, hence offering novel mechanisms for gene expression. They may also provide potential mechanisms for inter-individual variations in gene expression, and complex traits/disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Darvish
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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