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González-Alva P, Solís-Suárez DL, Cifuentes-Mendiola SE, García-Hernández AL. A diet rich in omega-3 fatty acid improves periodontitis and tissue destruction by MMP2- and MMP9-linked inflammation in a murine model. Odontology 2024; 112:185-199. [PMID: 37378834 PMCID: PMC10776722 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00831-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an oral-cavity inflammatory disease and is the principal cause associated with tooth loss. Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) are important proteases involved in periodontal tissue destruction. The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) have been demonstrated to possess immunoregulatory properties in periodontitis. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of ω-3 PUFA on inflammation and on the expression of MMP-2 and -9 in a murine periodontitis model. Twenty-four male C57BL/6 mice were divided into control mice (Control), control mice treated with ω-3 PUFA (O3), mice with periodontitis (P), and mice with periodontitis treated with ω-3 PUFA (P + O3). ω-3 PUFA were administered orally once a day for 70 days. Periodontitis in mice was induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected ligature placement around the second maxillary molar. The mice were sacrificed, and blood and maxillary samples were collected. Flow cytometry was used to quantify tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, and interferon-gamma. Histologic analysis and immunohistochemistry for MMP-2 and -9 were performed. The data were statistically evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey post hoc test. Histological analysis showed that ω-3 PUFA supplementation prevented inflammation and tissue destruction and revealed that bone destruction was more extensive in the P group than in the P + O3 group (p < 0.05). Also, it decreased the serum expressions of TNFα and IL-2 and the tissue expression of MMP-2 and -9 in the periodontitis-induced model (p < 0.05). ω-3 PUFA supplementation prevented alveolar bone loss and periodontal destruction, probably by decreasing the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and its immunoregulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia González-Alva
- Laboratory of Tissue Bioengineering, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana Laura Solís-Suárez
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology, FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, A. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
- Postgraduate Course in Dental Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Saúl Ernesto Cifuentes-Mendiola
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology, FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, A. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
| | - Ana Lilia García-Hernández
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology, FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, A. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico.
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Cifuentes-Mendiola SE, Solís-Suarez DL, Martínez-Davalos A, García-Hernández AL. Macrovascular and microvascular type 2 diabetes complications are interrelated in a mouse model. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108455. [PMID: 36963291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM Evaluate the development of multiple complications, their interactions, and common mechanisms in the same individual with T2D. MATERIAL AND METHODS 4-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into: control (n = 6) and T2D (n = 6). T2D was induced through a high-carbohydrate-diet and low doses of streptozotocin. T2D was validated by metabolic parameters. Diabetic neuropathy was evaluated by mechanical and thermal sensitivity tests. We performed a histopathological analysis of the heart, kidney, liver, and parotid salivary glands and changes in bone microarchitecture by μCT. We calculated the relative risk (RR), odd ratios (OR) and Pearson correlation coefficients between the different complications and metabolic features. RESULTS T2D mice have cardiomyopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, liver steatosis and fibrosis, structural damage in parotid salivary glands, and bone porosity. RR analysis shows that all complications are interrelated by hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, obesity, and systemic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS T2D mice develop multiple complications simultaneously, which are related to each other, and this is associated with metabolic alterations. Our findings open up new approaches for the study and new therapeutic approaches of the pathophysiology of T2D and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Cifuentes-Mendiola
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology, FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, A. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México CP 54714, Mexico
| | - D L Solís-Suarez
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology, FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, A. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México CP 54714, Mexico
| | - A Martínez-Davalos
- Physics institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Circuito de la Investigación Científica, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - A L García-Hernández
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology, FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, A. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México CP 54714, Mexico.
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Perrusquia-Hernández E, Andrade-González RD, Cifuentes-Mendiola SE, Montes-Angeles CD, Zepeda-Reyes KI, Pérez-Martínez IO. Chemosensory representation of first-time oral exposure to ethanol in the orbitofrontal cortex of mice. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:417-425. [PMID: 36571635 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Intermittent ethanol consumption changes the neuronal activity of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in rodents, which has been attributed to important participation in the development of addiction, particularly alcoholism. The OFC participates in gustatory sensory integration. However, it is unknown whether this region can encode chemosensory elements of oral ethanol administration independently of the consumption movement (orofacial motor response) when administered for the first time (naïve mice). To answer this question, we used a sedated mouse model and a temporary analysis protocol to register extracellular neuronal responses during the oral administration of ethanol. Our results show an increase in neuronal frequency (in the first 500 ms) when low (0.6, 1, and 2.1 M) and high (3.2, 4.3, and 8.6 M) concentrations of ethanol are orally administered. The modulatory effect of ethanol was observed from low and high concentrations and differed from the tastants. There was consistent neuronal activity independent of the concentration of ethanol. Our results demonstrate a sensory representation of oral ethanol stimulation in the OFC neurons of naïve mice under sedation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Perrusquia-Hernández
- Sección de Neurobiología de las Sensaciones Orales, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico.,Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R D Andrade-González
- Sección de Neurobiología de las Sensaciones Orales, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico.,Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - S E Cifuentes-Mendiola
- Sección de Osteoinmunología e Inmunidad Oral, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C D Montes-Angeles
- Sección de Neurobiología de las Sensaciones Orales, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
| | - K I Zepeda-Reyes
- Sección de Neurobiología de las Sensaciones Orales, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
| | - Isaac Obed Pérez-Martínez
- Sección de Neurobiología de las Sensaciones Orales, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico.
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Cifuentes-Mendiola SE, Baiza-Gutman LA, García-Hernández AL. Bone Marrow as a Therapeutic Target for Type 2 Diabetes Complications. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:1586-1598. [PMID: 37151168 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230505114343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a world epidemic with a high prevalence and mortality. The origin of macro and microvascular complications associated with T2DM is complex and new mechanisms to explain their development are emerging. The changes induced by T2DM in the microenvironment of bone marrow (BM) alter the expansion and differentiation of stem cells and have been related to the development of micro and macrovascular diseases. Alterations in the differentiation and function of hematopoietic, endothelial, and mesenchymal stem cells in T2DM patients reduced the mobility of BM stem cells to the circulation and some immature, dysfunctional, or inflammatory cells pass to the blood (mobilopathy). Consequently, tissue repair is impaired, and the tissue damage caused by hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation is increased. These alterations can contribute to diabetic complications, decreasing the quality of life, and increasing mortality. The modulation of the bone marrow microenvironment may be a therapeutic target for treating T2DM and its complications. This article analyses the changes induced in BM and their impact on the development of cardiovascular and kidney complications in T2DM. Also, different therapeutic strategies to restore the bone marrow microenvironment and function through the modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and adipogenicity are discussed, considering bone marrow as a novel potential therapeutic target to treat vascular complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl Ernesto Cifuentes-Mendiola
- Faculty of Higher Studies- Iztacala, Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunity Section, Dental Research Laboratory, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Arturo Baiza-Gutman
- Faculty of Higher Studies-Iztacala, Laboratory of Developmental Biology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México
| | - Ana Lilia García-Hernández
- Faculty of Higher Studies- Iztacala, Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunity Section, Dental Research Laboratory, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, México
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Cifuentes-Mendiola SE, Solís-Suárez DL, Martínez-Dávalos A, Perrusquía-Hernández E, García-Hernández AL. Aerobic training improves bone fragility by reducing the inflammatory microenvironment in bone tissue in type 2 diabetes. J Biomech 2022; 145:111354. [PMID: 36335825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic training (AT) is indicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to control hyperglycaemia and inflammation. AT improves bone microarchitecture and resistance to fracture. The intensity of AT and the mechanisms that lead to the improvement in bone quality are still unknown. Using a mouse model of T2DM, we evaluated the effects of two intensities of forced AT. We divided mice into: sedentary (SED), T2DM-SED, low runners (LOW), T2DM-LOW, high runners (HIGH) and T2DM-HIGH. The AT for low was 8 m/minute (m/min); 5° slope or high 18 m/min; 15° slope for 2 months. We measured metabolic parameters, the serum cytokines concentration, lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) and adiponectin; and the tibial concentrations of LCN-2, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and protein carbonylation (CO). We evaluated femur morphometry and biomechanical properties. We performed multiple correlation analysis. The T2DM-LOW versus T2DM-SED group, shown an increase of interleukin (IL)-10 (417 ± 90 vs 102 ± 25 pg/mL) and improved trabecular bone (BV/TV: 31.8 ± 2.3 vs 19.25 ± 1.4%; Tb.Sp.: 1.62 ± 0.02 vs 2.0 ± 0.07 mm), by a decrease bone CO (3.4 ± 0.1 vs 6.0 ± 0.5 nmol/mg), bone TNF-α (84 ± 4 vs 239 ± 13 pg/mL) and LCN-2 (2887 ± 23 vs 3418 ± 105 pg/mL). The T2DM-HIGH versus T2DM-SED group showed a greater hypoglycaemic effect (228 ± 10 vs 408 ± 5 mg/dL), with improved cortical bone density (0.26 ± 0.012 vs 0.21 ± 0.007 mm) and fracture resistance (102 ± 8 vs 78 ± 5 MPa), by a reduction of bone TNF-α (77 ± 34 vs 239 ± 13 pg/mL); LCN-2 (2768 ± 20 vs 3418 ± 105 pg/mL) and CO (4.8 ± 0.5 vs 6.0 ± 0.5 nmol/mg). In conclusion, AT improves bone morphometry and biomechanical properties by reducing the bone inflammatory microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl Ernesto Cifuentes-Mendiola
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology. FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico; Postgraduate in Biological Sciences. National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana Laura Solís-Suárez
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology. FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico; Postgraduate in Dentistry Sciencies. National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Elías Perrusquía-Hernández
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Neurobiology of Oral Sensations and Movements Section, FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico
| | - Ana Lilia García-Hernández
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology. FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico.
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Cifuentes-Mendiola SE, Solis-Suarez DL, Martínez-Dávalos A, Godínez-Victoria M, García-Hernández AL. CD4 + T-cell activation of bone marrow causes bone fragility and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Bone 2022; 155:116292. [PMID: 34896656 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) causes an increased risk of bone fractures. However, the pathophysiology of diabetic bone fragility is not completely understood. It has been proposed that an inflammatory microenvironment in bone could be a major mechanism by inducing uncontrolled bone resorption, inadequate bone formation and consequently more porous bones. We propose that activated T-cells in the bone marrow cause a pro-inflammatory microenvironment in bone, and cause bone fragility in T2DM. We induced T2DM in C57BL/6 male mice through a hypercaloric diet rich in carbohydrates and low doses of streptozocin. In T2DM mice we inhibited systemic activation of T-cells with a fusion protein between the extracellular domain of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 and the Fc domain of human immunoglobulin G (CTLA4-Ig). We analysed the effects of T2DM or CTLA4-Ig in lymphocyte cell subsets and antigen-presenting cells in peripheral blood and femoral bone marrow; and their effect on the metabolic phenotype, blood and bone cytokine concentration, femoral bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties, and the number of osteoblast-like cells in the femoral endosteum. We performed a Pearson multiple correlation analysis between all variables in order to understand the global mechanism. Results demonstrated that CTLA4-Ig decreased the number of activated CD4+ T-cells in the femoral bone marrow and consequently decreased TNF-α and RANK-L concentration in bone, notably improved femoral bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties, increased the number of osteoblast-like cells, and reduces osteoclastic activity compared to T2DM mice that did not receive the inhibitor. Interestingly, we observed that blood glucose levels and insulin resistance may be related to the increase in activated CD4+ T-cells in the bone marrow. We conclude that bone marrow activated CD4+ T-cells cause poor bone quality and insulin resistance in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Cifuentes-Mendiola
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology, FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, A. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, CP 54714, Mexico; Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico, Mexico
| | - D L Solis-Suarez
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology, FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, A. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, CP 54714, Mexico
| | - A Martínez-Dávalos
- Physics Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Circuito de la Investigación Científica, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - M Godínez-Victoria
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico, Mexico
| | - A L García-Hernández
- Laboratory of Dental Research, Section of Osteoimmunology and Oral Immunology, FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, A. Jiménez Gallardo SN, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, CP 54714, Mexico.
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