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Ren J, Das M, Osthues H, Nyenhuis M, Schulze Lammers B, Kolodzeiski E, Mönig H, Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H, Doltsinis NL, Glorius F. The Electron-Rich and Nucleophilic N-Heterocyclic Imines on Metal Surfaces: Binding Modes and Interfacial Charge Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7288-7294. [PMID: 38456796 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The strongly electron-donating N-heterocyclic imines (NHIs) have been employed as excellent surface anchors for the thermodynamic stabilization of electron-deficient species due to their enhanced nucleophilicity. However, the binding mode and interfacial property of these new ligands are still unclear, representing a bottleneck for advanced applications in surface functionalization and catalysis. Here, NHIs with different side groups have been rationally designed, synthesized, and analyzed on various metal surfaces (Cu, Ag). Our results reveal different binding modes depending on the molecular structure and metal surface. The molecular design enables us to achieve a flat-lying or upright configuration and even a transition between these two binding modes depending on the coverage and time. Importantly, the two binding modes exhibit different degrees of interfacial charge transfer between the molecule and the surface. This study provides essential microscopic insight into the NHI adsorption geometry and interfacial charge transfer for the optimization of heterogeneous catalysts in coordination chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Mowpriya Das
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Helena Osthues
- Institute for Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marvin Nyenhuis
- Institute for Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Institute for Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nikos L Doltsinis
- Institute for Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Zarei A, Khosropour A, Khazdooz L, Amirjalayer S, Khojastegi A, Zadehnazari A, Zhao Y, Abbaspourrad A. Substitution and Orientation Effects on the Crystallinity and PFAS Adsorption of Olefin-Linked 2D COFs. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:9483-9494. [PMID: 38319251 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Solid phase adsorbents with high removal affinity for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in aqueous environments are sought. We report the synthesis and investigation of COF-I, a new covalent organic framework (COF) with a good affinity for PFAS adsorption. COF-I was synthesized by the condensation reaction between 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-triazine and 2,3-dimethoxyterephthaldehyde and fully characterized. In addition to the high crystallinity and surface area, COF-I showed high hydrolytic and thermal stability. Further, we converted its hydrophobic surface to a hydrophilic surface by converting the ortho-methoxy groups to hydroxyl derivatives and produced a new hydrophilic olefin-linked two-dimensional (2D) COF. We experimentally measured the crystallinity of both COFs by X-ray diffraction and used atomistic simulations coupled with cross-polarization/magic angle spinning solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS ssNMR) to determine the relative amounts of AA-stacking and AB-stacking present. COF-I, with its hydrophobic surface and methoxy groups in the ortho positions, showed the best PFAS adsorption. COF-I reduced the concentration of perfluorooctanoic acid from 20 to 0.069 μg L-1 and to 0.052 μg L-1 for perfluorooctanesulfonic acid. These amounts are lower than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency advisory level (0.070 μg L-1). High efficiency, fast kinetic adsorption, and reusability of COF-I are advantages of COF-I for PFAS removal from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Zarei
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ahmadreza Khosropour
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Leila Khazdooz
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institute for Solid State Theory, Center for Nanotechnology and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Anahita Khojastegi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Amin Zadehnazari
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Alireza Abbaspourrad
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Gutheil C, Roß G, Amirjalayer S, Mo B, Schäfer AH, Doltsinis NL, Braunschweig B, Glorius F. Tailored Monolayers of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes by Kinetic Control. ACS Nano 2024; 18:3043-3052. [PMID: 38252154 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite the substantial success of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) as stable and versatile surface modification ligands, their use in nanoscale applications beyond chemistry is still hampered by the failure to control the carbene binding mode, which complicates the fabrication of monolayers with the desired physicochemical properties. Here, we applied vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopy to conduct a pseudokinetic surface analysis of NHC monolayers on Au thin films under ambient conditions. We observe for two frequently used carbene structures that their binding mode is highly dynamic and changes with the adsorption time. In addition, we demonstrate that this transition can be accelerated or decelerated to adjust the binding mode of NHCs, which allows fabrication of tailored monolayers of NHCs simply by kinetic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Gutheil
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gina Roß
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Boris Mo
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | - Nikos L Doltsinis
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Björn Braunschweig
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Taddei M, Garavelli M, Amirjalayer S, Conti I, Nenov A. Modus Operandi of a Pedalo-Type Molecular Switch: Insight from Dynamics and Theoretical Spectroscopy. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020816. [PMID: 36677872 PMCID: PMC9863296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular switches which can be triggered by light to interconvert between two or more well-defined conformation differing in their chemical or physical properties are fundamental for the development of materials with on-demand functionalities. Recently, a novel molecular switch based on a the azodicarboxamide core has been reported. It exhibits a volume-conserving conformational change upon excitation, making it a promising candidate for embedding in confined environments. In order to rationally implement and efficiently utilize the azodicarboxamide molecular switch, detailed insight into the coordinates governing the excited-state dynamics is needed. Here, we report a detailed comparative picture of the molecular motion at the atomic level in the presence and absence of explicit solvent. Our hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) excited state simulations reveal that, although the energy landscape is slightly modulated by the solvation, the light-induced motion is dominated by a bending-assisted pedalo-type motion independent of the solvation. To support the predicted mechanism, we simulate time-resolved IR spectroscopy from first principles, thereby resolving fingerprints of the light-induced switching process. Our calculated time-resolved data are in good agreement with previously reported measured spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Taddei
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (I.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Center for Nanotechnology, Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Irene Conti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (I.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Artur Nenov
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (I.C.); (A.N.)
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5
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Gulay NL, Osthues H, Amirjalayer S, Doltsinis NL, Reimann MK, Kalychak YM, Pöttgen R. bcc superstructures: RE2RuIn with RE = Sc, Y, Dy-Tm and Lu. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:14156-14164. [PMID: 36047650 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02357a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rare earth-rich intermetallic phases RE2RuIn with RE = Sc, Y, Dy-Tm and Lu were synthesized by reactions of the elements in sealed tantalum ampoules in an induction furnace. The samples were characterized through Guinier powder patterns and the structures of Sc2RuIn and Er2RuIn were refined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. The indides crystallize with the Pt2ZnCd type space group P4/mmm. The RE2RuIn phases are superstructures of the bcc packing and can be explained as intergrowth variants of tetragonally distorted, CsCl derived slabs of compositions RERu and REIn. Chemical bonding is discussed for Sc2RuIn and Sc2RuMg in comparison with the binaries ScRu, ScMg and ScIn. The Ru/Mg respectively Ru/In ordering leads to an increase of Sc-Sc bonding for the slab with the shorter Sc-Sc distances, while the Sc-Ru bond strength values remain similar. The strongest bonding interactions occur within the magnesium and indium square nets. Magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal Pauli paramagnetism for Lu2RuIn while Dy2RuIn, Ho2RuIn, Er2RuIn and Tm2RuIn are Curie-Weiss paramagnets. Antiferromagnetic ordering occurs at 13.1, 5.3 and 2.9 K for Dy2RuIn, Er2RuIn and Tm2RuIn, respectively. Dy2RuIn and Er2RuIn show metamagnetic transitions at critical fields of 4.6 and 3.2 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya L Gulay
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Helena Osthues
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie und Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie und Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nikos L Doltsinis
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie und Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kai Reimann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Yaroslav M Kalychak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Kyryla and Mephodiya Street 6, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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6
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Kolodzeiski E, Amirjalayer S. Dynamic network of intermolecular interactions in metal-organic frameworks functionalized by molecular machines. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabn4426. [PMID: 35776789 PMCID: PMC10883363 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn4426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular machines enable external control of structural and dynamic phenomena at the atomic level. To efficiently transfer their tunable properties into designated functionalities, a detailed understanding of the impact of molecular embedding is needed. In particular, a comprehensive insight is fundamental to design hierarchical multifunctional systems that are inspired by biological cells. Here, we applied an on-the-fly trained force field to perform atomistic simulations of a systematically modified rotaxane functionalized metal-organic framework. Our atomistic studies reveal a symmetric and asymmetric interplay of the mechanically bonded rings (MBRs) within the framework depending on the local environment. As a result, their translational motion is modulated ranging from fast oscillatory behavior to cooperative and potentially directed shuttling. The derived picture of competitive interactions, which influence the operation mechanism of the MBRs embedded in these soft porous materials, promotes the development of responsive functional materials, which is a key step toward intelligent matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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7
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Kolodzeiski E, Amirjalayer S. Correction to On-the-Fly Training of Atomistic Potentials for Flexible and Mechanically Interlocked Molecules. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 18:596-597. [PMID: 34918922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kolodzeiski E, Amirjalayer S. On-the-Fly Training of Atomistic Potentials for Flexible and Mechanically Interlocked Molecules. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:7010-7020. [PMID: 34613742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules have gained significant attention because of their unique ability to perform well-defined motions originating from their entanglement, which is important for the design of artificial molecular machines. Atomistic simulations based on force fields (FFs) provide detailed insights into such architectures at the molecular level enabling one to predict the resulting functionalities. However, the development of reliable FFs is still challenging and time-consuming, in particular for highly dynamic and interlocked structures such as rotaxanes, which exhibit a large number of different conformers. In the present work, we present an on-the-fly training (OTFT) algorithm. By a guided and nonguided phase space sampling, relevant reference data are automatically and continuously generated and included for the on-the-fly parametrization of the FF based on a population swapping genetic algorithm (psGA). The OTFT approach provides a fast and automated FF parametrization scheme and tackles problems caused by missing phase space information or the need for big data. We demonstrate the high accuracy of the developed FF for flexible molecules with respect to equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium properties. Finally, by applying the ab initio parametrized FF, molecular dynamic simulations were performed up to experimentally relevant time scales (ca. 1 μs) enabling capture in detail of the structural evaluation and mapping out of the free-energy topology. The on-the-fly training approach thus provides a strong foundation toward automated FF developments and large-scale investigations of phenomena in and out of thermal equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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9
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Liu L, Timmer A, Kolodzeiski E, Gao HY, Mönig H, Klaasen H, Meng X, Ren J, Studer A, Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H. Conformational evolution following the sequential molecular dehydrogenation of PMDI on a Cu(111) surface. Nanoscale Adv 2021; 3:6373-6378. [PMID: 36133488 PMCID: PMC9417866 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00590a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular spatial conformational evolution following the corresponding chemical reaction pathway at surfaces is important to understand and optimize chemical processes. Combining experimental and theoretical methods, the sequential N-H and C-H dehydrogenation of pyromellitic diimide (PMDI) on a Cu(111) surface are reported. STM experiments and atomistic modeling allow structural analysis at each well-defined reaction step. First, exclusively the aromatic N-H dehydrogenation of the imide group is observed. Subsequently, the C-H group at the benzene core of PMDI gets activated leading to a dehydrogenation reaction forming metalorganic species where Cu adatoms pronouncedly protruding from the surface are coordinated by one or two PMDI ligands at the surface. All reactions of PMDI induce conformational changes at the surface as confirmed by STM imaging and DFT simulations. Such conformational evolution in sequential N-H and C-H activation provides a detailed insight to understand molecular dehydrogenation processes at surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacheng Liu
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Hong-Ying Gao
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Henning Klaasen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Xiangzhi Meng
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Leibnizstraße 19 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Jindong Ren
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
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10
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Yesilpinar D, Schulze Lammers B, Timmer A, Hu Z, Ji W, Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H, Mönig H. Mechanical and Chemical Interactions in Atomically Defined Contacts. Small 2021; 17:e2101637. [PMID: 34288402 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Providing fundamental insights in atomic interactions, dedicated methods in atomic force microscopy allow measuring the threshold forces needed to move single adsorbed atoms or molecules. However, the chemical and structural properties of the probe-tip can drastically influence the results. Establishing atomically defined contacts in such experiments, the tips in the present study are functionalized with various chemically and structurally different terminations. Xenon atoms are moved along an atomically defined metal/metal-oxide boundary where all tips show a pulling mechanism and slight force variations, which are assigned to polarization effects within the tip-sample junction. Detaching Xe atoms from the boundary involves a significantly higher energy barrier where chemical reactive Cu-tips cause Xe pickup before any lateral manipulation. Passivating the tip by inert probe particles (Xe or CO) allows further approaching the surface Xe atom. Yet, the small vertical attraction and pronounced tip relaxations prevent reaching sufficient threshold forces inducing manipulation. In contrast, the high structural rigidity of oxygen-terminated Cu-tips allows manipulations even beyond the threshold where they evolve from initial pulling, via sliding to pushing mode. The detailed quantitative analysis of the processes in the atomically defined junctions emphasizes the mechanical and chemical interactions for highly controlled experiments with piconewton sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Yesilpinar
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Zhixin Hu
- Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Micro-Nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
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11
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Schulze Lammers B, Yesilpinar D, Timmer A, Hu Z, Ji W, Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H, Mönig H. Benchmarking atomically defined AFM tips for chemical-selective imaging. Nanoscale 2021; 13:13617-13623. [PMID: 34477636 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04080d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the identity of the tip-terminating atom or molecule in low-temperature atomic force microscopy has led to ground breaking progress in surface chemistry and nanotechnology. Lacking a comparative tip-performance assessment, a profound standardization in such experiments is highly desirable. Here we directly compare the imaging and force-spectroscopy capabilities of four atomically defined tips, namely Cu-, Xe-, CO-, and O-terminated Cu-tips (CuOx-tips). Using a nanostructured copper-oxide surface as benchmark system, we found that Cu-tips react with surface oxygen, while chemically inert Xe- and CO-tips allow entering the repulsive force regime enabling increased resolution. However, their high flexibility leads to imaging artifacts and their strong passivation suppresses the chemical contrast. The higher rigidity and selectively increased chemical reactivity of CuOx-tips prevent tip-bending artifacts and generate a distinct chemical contrast. This result is particularly promising in view of future studies on other metal-oxide surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149 Münster, Germany.
- Center for Nanotechnology, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Damla Yesilpinar
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149 Münster, Germany.
- Center for Nanotechnology, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | - Zhixin Hu
- Center for Quantum Joint Studies and Department of Physics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149 Münster, Germany.
- Center for Nanotechnology, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149 Münster, Germany.
- Center for Nanotechnology, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149 Münster, Germany.
- Center for Nanotechnology, 48149 Münster, Germany
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12
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Amirjalayer S. Understanding the Molecular Origin of the Collective Movement in a Diarylethene-based Photo-Responsive Actuator. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1658-1661. [PMID: 34213042 PMCID: PMC8456835 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Remotely controlling macroscopic movement is one of the key elements to realize intelligent materials for applications ranging from sensing to robotics. Over the last few years, a number of photomechanical materials based on diarylethene derivatives have been developed. However, a detailed picture of the structural evolution within these soft actuators is often missing. In this work, an atomistic investigation uncovers how the photo-induced molecular dynamics propagates to large-scale motion and results in macroscopic deformation of the crystal. By correlating the intramolecular rearrangement within the photo-responsive switching unit with the intermolecular packing, the molecular mechanism for the photomechanical phenomena is deciphered, which is fundamental for a rational development of photo-responsive actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterPhysikalisches InstituteCenter for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC)Heisenbergstr. 1148149MünsterGermany
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13
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Amirjalayer S. Photonic Materials: On the Molecular Mechanism of a Photo‐Responsive Phase Change Memory (Adv. Theory Simul. 5/2021). Adv Theory Simul 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202170009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Physikalisches Institute Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC) Heisenbergstr. 11 Münster 48149 Germany
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15
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Kolodzeiski E, Amirjalayer S. Collective structural properties of embedded molecular motors in functionalized metal-organic frameworks. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4728-4735. [PMID: 33598666 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06263d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photo-responsive molecular motors incorporated in soft porous materials enable the amplification of the motion of individual motor units by employing their collective and cooperative behavior. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) provide in this regard, due to their structural diversity and modular assembly, a unique matrix to construct well-defined and systematically tunable molecular environments for the embedding of molecular motors. However, despite advances in the development of such photo-responsive functional materials, a thorough understanding of the governing interactions at the atomic scale has been missing so far, limiting the possibility of predicting and fully exploring the potential of these assembled machineries. Here, we present a conformational study to unravel the collective structural behavior and elucidate the impact of motor-motor interactions on the local and global properties of the scaffold. In particular, our work highlights the impact of full conversion of the embedded molecular motors on the overall network topology of the MotorMOF and thus acts as a benchmark for future studies to further explore the correlation of responsive building units with the resulting functionality of these hierarchical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149 Münster, Germany. and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149 Münster, Germany. and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
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16
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Meng X, Klaasen H, Viergutz L, Schulze Lammers B, Witteler MC, Mönig H, Amirjalayer S, Liu L, Neugebauer J, Gao H, Studer A, Fuchs H. Azo bond formation on metal surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1458-1464. [PMID: 33197115 PMCID: PMC7839811 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The formation of azo compounds via redox cross‐coupling of nitroarenes and arylamines, challenging in solution phase chemistry, is achieved by on‐surface chemistry. Reaction products are analyzed with a cryogenic scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). By using well‐designed precursors containing both an amino and a nitro functionality, azo polymers are prepared on surface via highly efficient nitro‐amino cross‐coupling. Experiments conducted on other substrates and surface orientations reveal that the metal surface has a significant effect on the reaction efficiency. The reaction was further found to proceed from partially oxidized/reduced precursors in dimerization reactions, shedding light on the mechanism that was studied by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhi Meng
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
- Institution Center for Soft NanoscienceBusso-Peus-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
| | - Henning Klaasen
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Lena Viergutz
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Melanie C. Witteler
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and ComputationWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and ComputationWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Lacheng Liu
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and ComputationWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Hong‐Ying Gao
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
- Institution Center for Soft NanoscienceBusso-Peus-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
- Institution Center for Soft NanoscienceBusso-Peus-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
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17
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Meng X, Klaasen H, Viergutz L, Schulze Lammers B, Witteler MC, Mönig H, Amirjalayer S, Liu L, Neugebauer J, Gao H, Studer A, Fuchs H. Azobindungsbildung auf Metalloberflächen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhi Meng
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Institution Center for Soft Nanoscience Busso-Peus-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Henning Klaasen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Lena Viergutz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Melanie C. Witteler
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Lacheng Liu
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Hong‐Ying Gao
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Institution Center for Soft Nanoscience Busso-Peus-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Institution Center for Soft Nanoscience Busso-Peus-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
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18
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Abstract
Atomically precise tailoring of interface structures is crucial for developing functional materials. We demonstrate an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) based molecular tool, which modifies the structure of a gold surface with atomic accuracy by the formation of gold nanorods. After adsorption on the gold surface, individual surface atoms are pulled out by the NHCs, generating single-atom surface defects and mobile NHC-Au species. Atomistic calculations reveal that these molecular "ballbots" can act as assembling tools to dislocate individual surface atoms. The predicted functionality of these carbene-based complexes is confirmed by scanning tunneling microscopy measurements. Cooperative operation of these NHC-Au species induces a step-wise formation of gold nanorods. Consequently, the surface is re-structured by a zipper-type mechanism. Our work presents a foundation to utilize molecular-based nanotools to design surface structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Straße 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstraße 1148149MünsterGermany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and ComputationWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Straße 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstraße 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Straße 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstraße 1148149MünsterGermany
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19
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Amirjalayer S, Bakker A, Freitag M, Glorius F, Fuchs H. Inside Cover: Cooperation of N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes on a Gold Surface (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47/2020). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
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20
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Amirjalayer S, Bakker A, Freitag M, Glorius F, Fuchs H. Innentitelbild: Kooperative Zusammenarbeit von N‐heterocyclischen Carbenen auf einer Goldoberfläche (Angew. Chem. 47/2020). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
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22
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Amirjalayer S, Bakker A, Freitag M, Glorius F, Fuchs H. Kooperative Zusammenarbeit von N‐heterocyclischen Carbenen auf einer Goldoberfläche. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
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23
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Bolla G, Liao Q, Amirjalayer S, Tu Z, Lv S, Liu J, Zhang S, Zhen Y, Yi Y, Liu X, Fu H, Fuchs H, Dong H, Wang Z, Hu W. Cocrystallization Tailoring Multiple Radiative Decay Pathways for Amplified Spontaneous Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:281-289. [PMID: 32697379 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) is intrinsically associated with lasing applications. Inefficient photon energy transfer to ASE is a long-standing issue for organic semiconductors that consist of multiple competing radiative decay pathways, far from being rationally regulated from the perspective of molecular arrangements. Herein, we achieve controllable molecular packing motifs by halogen-bonded cocrystallization, leading to ten times increased radiative decay rate, four times larger ASE radiative decay selectivity and thus remarkable ASE threshold decrease from 223 to 22 μJ cm-2 , albeit with a low photoluminescence quantum yield. We have made an in-depth investigation on the relationship among molecular arrangements, vibration modes, radiative decay profiles and ASE properties. The results suggest that cocrystallization presents a powerful approach to tailor the radiative decay pathways, which is fundamentally important to the development of organic ASE and lasing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Bolla
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Center for Nanotechnology & Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Zeyi Tu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shaokai Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yonggang Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Center for Nanotechnology & Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Huanli Dong
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
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24
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Bolla G, Liao Q, Amirjalayer S, Tu Z, Lv S, Liu J, Zhang S, Zhen Y, Yi Y, Liu X, Fu H, Fuchs H, Dong H, Wang Z, Hu W. Cocrystallization Tailoring Multiple Radiative Decay Pathways for Amplified Spontaneous Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Bolla
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Qing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Center for Nanotechnology & Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Zeyi Tu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Shaokai Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Division of Nanophotonics CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yonggang Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Division of Nanophotonics CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Center for Nanotechnology & Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Huanli Dong
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 China
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25
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Ren J, Freitag M, Schwermann C, Bakker A, Amirjalayer S, Rühling A, Gao HY, Doltsinis NL, Glorius F, Fuchs H. A Unidirectional Surface-Anchored N-Heterocyclic Carbene Rotor. Nano Lett 2020; 20:5922-5928. [PMID: 32510964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A molecular rotor based on N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) has been rationally designed following theoretical predictions, experimentally realized, and characterized. Utilizing the structural tunability of NHCs, a computational screening protocol was first applied to identify NHCs with asymmetric rotational potentials on a surface as a prerequisite for unidirectional molecular rotors. Suitable candidates were then synthesized and studied using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS), analytical theoretical models, and molecular dynamics simulations. For our best NHC rotor featuring a mesityl N substituent on one side and a chiral naphthylethyl substituent on the other, unidirectional rotation is driven by inelastic tunneling of electrons from the NHC to the STM tip. While electrons preferentially tunnel through the mesityl N substituent, the chiral naphthylethyl substituent controls the directionality. Such NHC-based surface rotors open up new possibilities for the design and construction of functionalized molecular systems with high catalytic applicability and superior stability compared with other classes of molecular rotors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Ren
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Schwermann
- Institute of Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Rühling
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hong-Ying Gao
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Nikos L Doltsinis
- Institute of Solid State Theory and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei 200, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
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26
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Bakker A, Freitag M, Kolodzeiski E, Bellotti P, Timmer A, Ren J, Schulze Lammers B, Moock D, Roesky HW, Mönig H, Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H, Glorius F. An Electron-Rich Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbene on Au(111), Ag(111), and Cu(111) Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13643-13646. [PMID: 32267051 PMCID: PMC7496406 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The structural properties and binding motif of a strongly σ-electron-donating N-heterocyclic carbene have been investigated on different transition-metal surfaces. The examined cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) was found to be mobile on surfaces, and molecular islands with short-range order could be found at high coverage. A combination of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations highlights how CAACs bind to the surface, which is of tremendous importance to gain an understanding of heterogeneous catalysts bearing CAACs as ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and ComputationWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
- nanoAnalytics GmbHHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Jindong Ren
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Daniel Moock
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and ComputationWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
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27
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Abstract
Photoresponsive molecular switches enable spatial and temporal control of molecular processes and are therefore crucial for the development of smart functional materials. Because the light-induced dynamics of these switching units are at the core of the resulting functionality, a detailed insight into their structural time evolution is fundamental for molecular embedding. Here, we performed a hybrid quantum mechanics (CASPT2 and TDDFT)/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) study to elucidate the photodynamics of an azodicarboxamide-based molecular switch, which is a promising candidate for implementation in highly dense environments such as polymers. In particular, we report a detailed picture of the molecular motion at the atomic level based on a relevant number of excited-state trajectories. We show that the azodicarboxamide-based molecular switch undergoes both a forward and backward pedalo-type motion upon excitation. Trans-cis photoisomerization on the other hand, which is well-known to occur for other azo-based chromophores, is shown to be a negligible pathway. By validating the volume-conserving pedalo-type motion, we provide a rational basis for the design of novel types of photoresponsive functional materials in which the active component must operate in a confined space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Conti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str.10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str.10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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28
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Bakker A, Freitag M, Kolodzeiski E, Bellotti P, Timmer A, Ren J, Schulze Lammers B, Moock D, Roesky HW, Mönig H, Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H, Glorius F. Ein elektronenreiches cyclisches (Alkyl)(amino)carben auf Au(111)‐, Ag(111)‐ und Cu(111)‐Oberflächen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- nanoAnalytics GmbH Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Jindong Ren
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Daniel Moock
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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29
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McMahon S, Rajagopal A, Amirjalayer S, Halpin Y, Fitzgerald-Hughes D, Buma WJ, Woutersen S, Long C, Pryce MT. Photo-activated CO-release in the amino tungsten Fischer carbene complex, [(CO) 5WC(NC 4H 8)Me], picosecond time resolved infrared spectroscopy, time-dependent density functional theory, and an antimicrobial study. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 208:111071. [PMID: 32434119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Picosecond time-resolved infrared spectroscopy was used to probe the photo-induced early state dynamics preceding CO loss in the Fischer carbene complex, [(CO)5WC(NC4H8)CH3]. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations were employed to help in understanding the photochemical and photophysical processes leading to CO-loss. Electrochemical initiated CO release was quantified using gas chromatography. The potential of [(CO)5WC(NC4H8)CH3], as an antimicrobial agent under irradiation conditions was studied using a Staphylococcus aureus strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne McMahon
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Ashwene Rajagopal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland; Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Center for Multiscale Theory & Computation (CMTC), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Yvonne Halpin
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Deirdre Fitzgerald-Hughes
- Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- University of Amsterdam, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Woutersen
- University of Amsterdam, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Conor Long
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Mary T Pryce
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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30
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Yesilpinar D, Schulze Lammers B, Timmer A, Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H, Mönig H. High resolution noncontact atomic force microscopy imaging with oxygen-terminated copper tips at 78 K. Nanoscale 2020; 12:2961-2965. [PMID: 31970359 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10450j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Functionalizing atomic force microscopy (AFM) tips by picking up single inert probe particles like CO or Xe from the surface drastically increase the resolution. In particular, this approach allows imaging organic molecules with submolecular resolution revealing their internal bonding structure. However, due to the weak coupling of these probe particles to both, the surface they are picked up from and the tip apex, these experiments require liquid helium temperatures (i.e.≈5 K). In the present study we demonstrate that functionalizing an AFM tip with an atomically defined O-terminated copper tip (CuOx tip) allows performing such experiments at liquid nitrogen temperatures (i.e.≈78 K) with outstanding quality. We show that it is possible to utilize CuOx tips for chemically selective imaging of a copper oxide nanodomain on a partially oxidized Cu(110) surface in the repulsive force regime at elevated temperatures. Moreover, the high structural and chemical stability of CuOx tips allow even ex situ investigations where these tips are used to perform experiments on other, non-Cu, non-oxidized, substrates. In particular, we present results obtained from a dicoronylene (DCLN) molecule with submolecular resolution. An analysis of inner and peripheral bond lengths of the DCLN molecule shows excellent agreement with theoretical gas phase simulations emphasizing the exceptional imaging properties of CuOx tips also at elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Yesilpinar
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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31
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Kolodzeiski E, Amirjalayer S. Atomistic Insight Into the Host-Guest Interaction of a Photoresponsive Metal-Organic Framework. Chemistry 2020; 26:1263-1268. [PMID: 31802550 PMCID: PMC7027908 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Photoresponsive functional materials have gained increasing attention due to their externally tunable properties. Molecular switches embedded in these materials enable the control of phenomena at the atomic level by light. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) provide a versatile platform to immobilize these photoresponsive units within defined molecular environments to optimize the intended functionality. For the application of these photoresponsive MOFs (pho-MOFs), it is crucial to understand the influence of the switching state on the host-guest interaction. Therefore, we present a detailed insight into the impact of molecular switching on the intermolecular interactions. By performing atomistic simulations, we revealed that due to different interactions of the guest molecules with the two isomeric states of an azobenzene-functionalized MOF, both the adsorption sites and the orientation of the molecules within the pores are modulated. By shedding light on the host-guest interaction, our study highlights the unique potential of pho-MOFs to tailor molecular interaction by light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterWillhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC)Heisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterWillhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC)Heisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Kong
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 P. R. China
| | - Yinyue Qian
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 P. R. China
| | - Xinbang Liu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 P. R. China
| | - Xinling Wan
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 P. R. China
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institute Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Münster 48149 Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC) Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 P. R. China
- Physikalisches Institute Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Münster 48149 Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
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33
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Kong H, Qian Y, Liu X, Wan X, Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H. Long-Range Chirality Recognition of a Polar Molecule on Au(111). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:182-186. [PMID: 31532066 PMCID: PMC6973085 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chiral molecular self‐assemblies were usually achieved using short‐range intermolecular interactions, such as hydrogen‐, metal–organic, and covalent bonding. However, unavoidable surface defects, such as step edges, surface reconstructions, or site dislocations may limit the applicability of short‐range chirality recognition. Long‐range chirality recognition on surfaces would be an appealing but challenging strategy for chiral reservation across surface defects at long distances. Now, long‐range chirality recognition is presented between neighboring 3‐bromo‐naphthalen‐2‐ol (BNOL) stripes on an inert Au(111) surface across the herringbone reconstruction as investigated by STM and DFT calculations. The key to achieving such recognition is the herringbone reconstruction‐induced local dipole accumulation at the edges of the BNOL stripes. The neighboring stripes are then forced to adopt the same chirality to create the opposite edged dipoles and neutralize the neighbored dipole moments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Kong
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Yinyue Qian
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Xinbang Liu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Xinling Wan
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, 48149, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China.,Physikalisches Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, 48149, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
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34
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Amirjalayer S, Buma WJ. Light on the Structural Evolution of Photoresponsive Molecular Switches in Electronically Excited States. Chemistry 2019; 25:6252-6258. [PMID: 30576061 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials are attracting extensive interest as they offer the opportunity to transform external inputs such as light into a functionality by control at the molecular level. As a result, a large number of molecular building units have been developed that enable switching between two or more states. Since the trajectory describing the transition between the various states defines the efficiency of the usually immobilized unit and the resulting functionality, it does not suffice to merely consider the initial and final states of the switching process. A key challenge is in fact to decipher at the atomic scale the actual motion that takes place after photoexcitation. Understanding and being able to manipulate this trajectory is crucial for an efficient implementation of photoactive molecular switches into functional materials, as well as to rationally develop novel tailor-made materials. In this Concept article, we highlight the potential to characterize in detail photoinitiated switching mechanisms by combining quantum chemical calculations with advanced laser spectroscopic techniques that probe the vibrational manifold of electronically excited states and its evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory &, Computation (CMTC), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098, XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amirjalayer S, Buma WJ. Frontispiece: Light on the Structural Evolution of Photoresponsive Molecular Switches in Electronically Excited States. Chemistry 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201982561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory &, Computation (CMTC)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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36
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Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H, Marx D. Understanding the Mechanocatalytic Conversion of Biomass: A Low‐Energy One‐Step Reaction Mechanism by Applying Mechanical Force. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC) Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC) Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische ChemieRuhr-Universität Bochum 44780 Bochum Germany
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Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H, Marx D. Understanding the Mechanocatalytic Conversion of Biomass: A Low‐Energy One‐Step Reaction Mechanism by Applying Mechanical Force. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5232-5235. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC) Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC) Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische ChemieRuhr-Universität Bochum 44780 Bochum Germany
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38
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Ji D, Li T, Liu J, Amirjalayer S, Zhong M, Zhang ZY, Huang X, Wei Z, Dong H, Hu W, Fuchs H. Band-like transport in small-molecule thin films toward high mobility and ultrahigh detectivity phototransistor arrays. Nat Commun 2019; 10:12. [PMID: 30602727 PMCID: PMC6315033 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07943-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
With the fast development of organic electronics, organic semiconductors have been extensively studied for various optoelectronic applications, among which organic phototransistors recently emerged as one of the most promising light signal detectors. However, it is still a big challenge to endow organic phototransistors with both high mobility and high light-sensitivity because the low mobility of most organic photoresponsive materials limits the efficiency of transporting and collecting charge carriers. We herein report band-like charge transport in vacuum-deposited small-molecule thin films for organic phototransistor arrays which can be operated at very low dark currents (~10-12 A). Both high mobility and excellent optical figures of merit including photosensitivity, photoresponsivity and detectivity are achieved, wherein, unprecedentedly, a detectivity greater than 1017 cm Hz1/2 W-1 is obtained. All these key parameters are superior to state-of-the-art organic phototransistors, implying a great potential in optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyang Ji
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Mianzeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences & College of Materials Science and Opt-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xianhui Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhongming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences & College of Materials Science and Opt-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany. .,Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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Klaasen H, Liu L, Gao HY, Viergutz L, Held PA, Knecht T, Meng X, Börner MC, Barton D, Amirjalayer S, Neugebauer J, Studer A, Fuchs H. Intermolecular coupling and intramolecular cyclization of aryl nitriles on Au(111). Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11611-11614. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03418h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The on-surface dimerization reaction of an organic nitrile on Au(111) is reported. The reaction cascade yielding a diazapyrene core was investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy, computational studies and reference compounds.
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40
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Gao HY, Šekutor M, Liu L, Timmer A, Schreyer H, Mönig H, Amirjalayer S, Fokina NA, Studer A, Schreiner PR, Fuchs H. Diamantane Suspended Single Copper Atoms. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:315-322. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ying Gao
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenberg Straße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
- Department of Physics, Münster University, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Marina Šekutor
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, and Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen 35392, Germany
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia
| | - Lacheng Liu
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenberg Straße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
- Department of Physics, Münster University, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenberg Straße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
- Department of Physics, Münster University, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Hannah Schreyer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenberg Straße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
- Department of Physics, Münster University, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenberg Straße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
- Department of Physics, Münster University, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Natalie A. Fokina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, and Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Münster University, Correns Straße 40, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, and Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenberg Straße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
- Department of Physics, Münster University, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
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41
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Bakker A, Timmer A, Kolodzeiski E, Freitag M, Gao HY, Mönig H, Amirjalayer S, Glorius F, Fuchs H. Elucidating the Binding Modes of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes on a Gold Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11889-11892. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hong Ying Gao
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
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42
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Ren J, Larkin E, Delaney C, Song Y, Jin X, Amirjalayer S, Bakker A, Du S, Gao H, Zhang YY, Draper SM, Fuchs H. Chemistry of 4-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]pyridine at metal surfaces studied by STM. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9305-9308. [PMID: 30069558 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03986k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular architectures (Kagome networks, coordinated/covalent dimers and branched coordination chains) via self-assembly, Ullmann reaction and pyridine coordination of 4-[(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl]pyridine are found to be sensitive to the underlying metallic surfaces. The molecular species were characterised on the surface by low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy (LT-STM) at sub-molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Ren
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Timmer A, Mönig H, Uphoff M, Díaz Arado O, Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H. Site-Specific Adsorption of Aromatic Molecules on a Metal/Metal Oxide Phase Boundary. Nano Lett 2018; 18:4123-4129. [PMID: 29878787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured surfaces are ideal templates to control the self-assembly of molecular structures toward well-defined functional materials. To understand the initial adsorption process, we have investigated the arrangement and configuration of aromatic hydrocarbon molecules on nanostructured substrates composed of an alternating arrangement of Cu(110) and oxygen-reconstructed stripes. Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals a preferential adsorption of molecules at oxide phase boundaries. Noncontact atomic force microscopy experiments provide a detailed insight into the preferred adsorption site. By combining submolecular resolution imaging with density functional theory calculations, the interaction of the molecule with the phase boundary was elucidated excluding a classical hydrogen bonding. Instead, a complex balance of different interactions is revealed. Our results provide an atomistic picture for the driving forces of the adsorption process. This comprehensive understanding enables developing strategies for the bottom-up growth of functional molecular systems using nanotemplates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 , 48149 Münster , Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 , 48149 Münster , Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Martin Uphoff
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Oscar Díaz Arado
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 , 48149 Münster , Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 , 48149 Münster , Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , 48149 Münster , Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 , 48149 Münster , Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , 48149 Münster , Germany
- Institut für Nanotechnology, KIT , 76344 Karlsruhe , Germany
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44
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Huerta-Viga A, Nguyen LL, Amirjalayer S, Sim JHN, Zhang Z, Tan HS. Glass formation of a DMSO-water mixture probed with a photosynthetic pigment. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:17552-17556. [PMID: 29915826 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03058h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite their extensive industrial usage, glass-forming liquids are not fully understood, and methods to investigate their dynamical heterogeneity are sought after. Here we show how the appearance of a second component in the visible absorption spectrum of a photosynthetic pigment upon cooling can be used to probe the glass transition of a dimethylsulfoxide-water mixture. The changes in the relative ratio of the two components with respect to temperature follow a sigmoid curve, and we show that the second component arises due to protonation of the pigment at low temperatures. Furthermore, from visible transient absorption spectra we show that, unlike the first component, the dynamics of the second component slows down significantly at lower temperatures, suggesting that there are two distinct environments with fast and slow fluctuations. Our results therefore enable a new method to characterize the dynamical heterogeneity of glass-forming liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Huerta-Viga
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore.
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45
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Mönig H, Amirjalayer S, Timmer A, Hu Z, Liu L, Díaz Arado O, Cnudde M, Strassert CA, Ji W, Rohlfing M, Fuchs H. Quantitative assessment of intermolecular interactions by atomic force microscopy imaging using copper oxide tips. Nat Nanotechnol 2018; 13:371-375. [PMID: 29632397 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy is an impressive tool with which to directly resolve the bonding structure of organic compounds1-5. The methodology usually involves chemical passivation of the probe-tip termination by attaching single molecules or atoms such as CO or Xe (refs 1,6-9). However, these probe particles are only weakly connected to the metallic apex, which results in considerable dynamic deflection. This probe particle deflection leads to pronounced image distortions, systematic overestimation of bond lengths, and in some cases even spurious bond-like contrast features, thus inhibiting reliable data interpretation8-12. Recently, an alternative approach to tip passivation has been used in which slightly indenting a tip into oxidized copper substrates and subsequent contrast analysis allows for the verification of an oxygen-terminated Cu tip13-15. Here we show that, due to the covalently bound configuration of the terminal oxygen atom, this copper oxide tip (CuOx tip) has a high structural stability, allowing not only a quantitative determination of individual bond lengths and access to bond order effects, but also reliable intermolecular bond characterization. In particular, by removing the previous limitations of flexible probe particles, we are able to provide conclusive experimental evidence for an unusual intermolecular N-Au-N three-centre bond. Furthermore, we demonstrate that CuOx tips allow the characterization of the strength and configuration of individual hydrogen bonds within a molecular assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster, Germany.
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster, Germany
| | - Zhixin Hu
- Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lacheng Liu
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster, Germany
| | - Oscar Díaz Arado
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster, Germany
| | - Marvin Cnudde
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster, Germany
| | - Cristian Alejandro Strassert
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster, Germany
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Michael Rohlfing
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Münster, Germany
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46
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Frayne L, Das N, Paul A, Amirjalayer S, Buma WJ, Woutersen S, Long C, Vos JG, Pryce MT. Photo- and Electrochemical Properties of a CO2
Reducing Ruthenium-Rhenium Quaterpyridine-Based Catalyst. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liam Frayne
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Nivedita Das
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Avishek Paul
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Wybren J. Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sander Woutersen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Conor Long
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Johannes G. Vos
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Mary T. Pryce
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
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Amirjalayer S, Martinez-Cuezva A, Berna J, Woutersen S, Buma WJ. Titelbild: Photoinduced Pedalo-Type Motion in an Azodicarboxamide-Based Molecular Switch (Angew. Chem. 7/2018). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Sander Woutersen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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48
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Amirjalayer S, Martinez-Cuezva A, Berna J, Woutersen S, Buma WJ. Cover Picture: Photoinduced Pedalo-Type Motion in an Azodicarboxamide-Based Molecular Switch (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 7/2018). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Sander Woutersen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Amirjalayer S, Martinez‐Cuezva A, Berna J, Woutersen S, Buma WJ. Photoinduced Pedalo-Type Motion in an Azodicarboxamide-Based Molecular Switch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1792-1796. [PMID: 29139183 PMCID: PMC5814897 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined structural changes of molecular units that can be triggered by light are crucial for the development of photoactive functional materials. Herein, we report on a novel switch that has azodicarboxamide as its photo-triggerable element. Time-resolved UV-pump/IR probe spectroscopy in combination with quantum-chemical calculations shows that the azodicarboxamide functionality, in contrast to other azo-based chromophores, does not undergo trans-cis photoisomerization. Instead, a photoinduced pedalo-type motion occurs, which because of its volume-conserving properties enables the design of functional molecular systems with controllable motion in a confined space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and ComputationWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterWillhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech)Heisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | | | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de Murcia30100MurciaSpain
| | - Sander Woutersen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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50
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Amirjalayer S, Martinez-Cuezva A, Berna J, Woutersen S, Buma WJ. Photoinduced Pedalo-Type Motion in an Azodicarboxamide-Based Molecular Switch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Química; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Sander Woutersen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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