Investigating the Causes of Medication Errors and Strategies to Prevention of Them from Nurses and Nursing Student Viewpoint

Introduction and Aim:

Medication errors as a serious problem in world and one of the most common medical errors that threaten patient safety and may lead to even death of them. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of medication errors and strategies to prevention of them from nurses and nursing student viewpoint.

Materials & Methods:

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 327 nursing staff of khatam-al-anbia hospital and 62 intern nursing students in nursing and midwifery school of Zahedan, Iran, enrolled through the availability sampling in 2015. The data were collected by the valid and reliable questionnaire. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics, T-test and ANOVA were applied by use of SPSS16 software.

Findings:

The results showed that the most common causes of medications errors in nursing were tiredness due increased workload (97.8%), and in nursing students were drug calculation, (77.4%). The most important way for prevention in nurses and nursing student opinion, was reducing the work pressure by increasing the personnel, proportional to the number and condition of patients and also creating a unit as medication calculation. Also there was a significant relationship between the type of ward and the mean of medication errors in two groups.

Conclusion:

Based on the results it is recommended that nurse-managers resolve the human resources problem, provide workshops and in-service education about preparing medications, side-effects of drugs and pharmacological knowledge. Using electronic medications cards is a measure which reduces medications errors.

Job Satisfication and External Effective Factors in Operating Room Nurses Working Educational Hospitals in 2015: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study

INTRODUCTION & AIM: Identification of effective factors on job satisfaction can impact the efficiency and quality of health services and personal life. The Aim of this study was to investigate, Job Satisfaction and External Effective Factors in Operating Room Nurses Educational Hospitals of Zahedan in 2015.MATERIALS & METHODS: This descriptive–analytical study was conducted on 137 operating room Nurses of Ali-Ebne-Abitaleb, Khatam-Al-Anbia and Alzahra hospital in Zahedan, Iran, enrolled through the convenience sampling in 2015. The data were collected by the valid and reliable job satisfaction standard questionnaire or Herzberg's Dual-Factor theory. To analyze the information, descriptive statistics, Chi-square & Pearson correlation test were applied by use of SPSS v. 21 software.FINDINGS: The results found that the most effective factors of job satisfaction were job safety with an average 4/78, work qualification with an average 4/32 and suitable salary with an average 3/91 respectively. Only 45.98% of the nurses experienced moderate job satisfaction, and only 25.54% of them had high job satisfaction. Moreover, job satisfaction was significantly related to the type of employment (p=0. 019), work background (p=0. 029) and turn of work (p=0. 034).CONCLUSION: The data of this study found that, notice and planning in preparing job safety, work qualification and proper salary may play a more effective role in improving employees’ performance than any other factors.

The Association of Self-Assessed Emotional Intelligence with Academic Achievement and General Health among Students of Medical Sciences

<p><strong>INTRODUCTION &amp; AIM:</strong> Emotional intelligence is one of the most important leading factors influencing different aspects of human life. It leads individuals to percept their feelings for appropriate decision making and fields for future accomplishments. The aim of this study was to Investigation of the associations of self-assessed EI with academic achievement and general health among medical students.</p><p><strong>MATERIALS &amp; METHODS:</strong> This cross-sectional study was conducted on 426 students of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences from October 2014 to May 2015. Random sampling method was used. Sibria Shring standard emotional intelligence questionnaire and Goldberg's standard general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) were used for data collecting. Data analysis was through descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient) by SPSS v.21. The tests significant level was considered 0.05.</p><p><strong>FINDINGS:</strong> The average total score of emotional intelligence in males (102.23±1.67) was better in comparison with females (98.54±2.23). There was not any significant difference in total mean scores of students of different fields of Study (P=0.211). According to ANOVA test, it has not observed any significant difference between scores of emotional intelligence scales of students from different domains of study. The results of Pearson correlation test confirmed a positive significant correlation between emotional intelligence, academic achievement and general health.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> According to the results of this study that has shown a significant relationship between emotional intelligence, general health and academic achievement, it is needed to hold some workshops and classes for emotional intelligence improvement. </p>