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Montero‐Conde C, Leandro‐García LJ, Martínez‐Montes ÁM, Martínez P, Moya FJ, Letón R, Gil E, Martínez‐Puente N, Guadalix S, Currás‐Freixes M, García‐Tobar L, Zafon C, Jordà M, Riesco‐Eizaguirre G, González‐García P, Monteagudo M, Torres‐Pérez R, Mancikova V, Ruiz‐Llorente S, Pérez‐Martínez M, Pita G, Galofré JC, Gonzalez‐Neira A, Cascón A, Rodríguez‐Antona C, Megías D, Blasco MA, Caleiras E, Rodríguez‐Perales S, Robledo M. Comprehensive molecular analysis of immortalization hallmarks in thyroid cancer reveals new prognostic markers. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1001. [PMID: 35979662 PMCID: PMC9386325 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive molecular studies on tumours are needed to delineate immortalization process steps and identify sensitive prognostic biomarkers in thyroid cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we extensively characterize telomere-related alterations in a series of 106 thyroid tumours with heterogeneous clinical outcomes. Using a custom-designed RNA-seq panel, we identified five telomerase holoenzyme-complex genes upregulated in clinically aggressive tumours compared to tumours from long-term disease-free patients, being TERT and TERC denoted as independent prognostic markers by multivariate regression model analysis. Characterization of alterations related to TERT re-expression revealed that promoter mutations, methylation and/or copy gains exclusively co-occurred in clinically aggressive tumours. Quantitative-FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) analysis of telomere lengths showed a significant shortening in these carcinomas, which matched with a high proliferative rate measured by Ki-67 immunohistochemistry. RNA-seq data analysis indicated that short-telomere tumours exhibit an increased transcriptional activity in the 5-Mb-subtelomeric regions, site of several telomerase-complex genes. Gene upregulation enrichment was significant for specific chromosome-ends such as the 5p, where TERT is located. Co-FISH analysis of 5p-end and TERT loci showed a more relaxed chromatin configuration in short telomere-length tumours compared to normal telomere-length tumours. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings support that telomere shortening leads to a 5p subtelomeric region reorganization, facilitating the transcription and accumulation of alterations at TERT-locus.
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Zhu L, Retana D, García‐Gómez P, Álvaro‐Espinosa L, Priego N, Masmudi‐Martín M, Yebra N, Miarka L, Hernández‐Encinas E, Blanco‐Aparicio C, Martínez S, Sobrino C, Ajenjo N, Artiga M, Ortega‐Paino E, Torres‐Ruiz R, Rodríguez‐Perales S, Soffietti R, Bertero L, Cassoni P, Weiss T, Muñoz J, Sepúlveda JM, González‐León P, Jiménez‐Roldán L, Moreno LM, Esteban O, Pérez‐Núñez Á, Hernández‐Laín A, Toldos O, Ruano Y, Alcázar L, Blasco G, Fernández‐Alén J, Caleiras E, Lafarga M, Megías D, Graña‐Castro O, Nör C, Taylor MD, Young LS, Varešlija D, Cosgrove N, Couch FJ, Cussó L, Desco M, Mouron S, Quintela‐Fandino M, Weller M, Pastor J, Valiente M. A clinically compatible drug-screening platform based on organotypic cultures identifies vulnerabilities to prevent and treat brain metastasis. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e14552. [PMID: 35174975 PMCID: PMC8899920 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a medium-throughput drug-screening platform (METPlatform) based on organotypic cultures that allows to evaluate inhibitors against metastases growing in situ. By applying this approach to the unmet clinical need of brain metastasis, we identified several vulnerabilities. Among them, a blood-brain barrier permeable HSP90 inhibitor showed high potency against mouse and human brain metastases at clinically relevant stages of the disease, including a novel model of local relapse after neurosurgery. Furthermore, in situ proteomic analysis applied to metastases treated with the chaperone inhibitor uncovered a novel molecular program in brain metastasis, which includes biomarkers of poor prognosis and actionable mechanisms of resistance. Our work validates METPlatform as a potent resource for metastasis research integrating drug-screening and unbiased omic approaches that is compatible with human samples. Thus, this clinically relevant strategy is aimed to personalize the management of metastatic disease in the brain and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Zhu
- Brain Metastasis GroupCNIOMadridSpain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Raúl Torres‐Ruiz
- Molecular Cytogenetics UnitCNIOMadridSpain,Division of Hematopoietic Innovative TherapiesCentro de Investigaciones EnergeticasMedioambientales y Tecnologicas (CIEMAT)MadridSpain
| | | | | | - Riccardo Soffietti
- Department of Neuro‐OncologyUniversity and City of Health and Science HospitalTurinItaly
| | - Luca Bertero
- Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Tobias Weiss
- Department of NeurologyClinical Neuroscience CenterUniversity Hospital Zurich and University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Javier Muñoz
- Proteomics UnitProteoRedISCIIICNIOMadridSpain,Present address:
Cell Signaling and Clinical Proteomics GroupBiocruces Bizkaia Health Research InstituteBarakaldoSpain,Present address:
IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain
| | | | | | - Luis Jiménez‐Roldán
- Neurosurgery UnitHospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain,Department of SurgeryUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain,Neuropathology UnitInstituto i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain
| | | | - Olga Esteban
- Neurosurgery UnitHospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain
| | - Ángel Pérez‐Núñez
- Neurosurgery UnitHospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain,Department of SurgeryUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain,Neuro‐Oncology GroupResearch Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12)MadridSpain
| | | | - Oscar Toldos
- Neuropathology UnitInstituto i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain
| | - Yolanda Ruano
- Pathology DepartmentInstituto i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain,Universidad Francisco de VitoriaMadridSpain
| | - Lucía Alcázar
- Neurosurgery DepartmentHospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadridSpain
| | - Guillermo Blasco
- Neurosurgery DepartmentHospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadridSpain
| | | | | | - Miguel Lafarga
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)University of Cantabria‐IDIVALSantanderSpain
| | | | | | - Carolina Nör
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program and The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research CentreThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program and The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research CentreThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada
| | - Leonie S Young
- Endocrine Oncology Research GroupDepartment of SurgeryRCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublinIreland
| | - Damir Varešlija
- Endocrine Oncology Research GroupDepartment of SurgeryRCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublinIreland
| | - Nicola Cosgrove
- Endocrine Oncology Research GroupDepartment of SurgeryRCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublinIreland
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Lorena Cussó
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería AeroespacialUniversidad Carlos III de MadridMadridSpain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain,Unidad de Imagen AvanzadaCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
| | - Manuel Desco
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería AeroespacialUniversidad Carlos III de MadridMadridSpain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain,Unidad de Imagen AvanzadaCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
| | | | | | - Michael Weller
- Department of NeurologyClinical Neuroscience CenterUniversity Hospital Zurich and University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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