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Freire NH, Jaeger MDC, de Farias CB, Nör C, Souza BK, Gregianin L, Brunetto AT, Roesler R. Targeting the epigenome of cancer stem cells in pediatric nervous system tumors. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2241-2255. [PMID: 36637615 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma, neuroblastoma, and pediatric glioma account for almost 30% of all cases of pediatric cancers. Recent evidence indicates that pediatric nervous system tumors originate from stem or progenitor cells and present a subpopulation of cells with highly tumorigenic and stem cell-like features. These cancer stem cells play a role in initiation, progression, and resistance to treatment of pediatric nervous system tumors. Histone modification, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, and microRNA regulation display a range of regulatory activities involved in cancer origin and progression, and cellular identity, especially those associated with stem cell features, such as self-renewal and pluripotent differentiation potential. Here, we review the contribution of different epigenetic mechanisms in pediatric nervous system tumor cancer stem cells. The choice between a differentiated and undifferentiated state can be modulated by alterations in the epigenome through the regulation of stemness genes such as CD133, SOX2, and BMI1 and the activation neuronal of differentiation markers, RBFOX3, GFAP, and S100B. Additionally, we highlighted the stage of development of epigenetic drugs and the clinical benefits and efficacy of epigenetic modulators in pediatric nervous system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Hogetop Freire
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 (Setor IV - Campus do Vale), Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil.
| | - Mariane da Cunha Jaeger
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brunetto de Farias
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nör
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Lauro Gregianin
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Pediatric Oncology Service, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - André Tesainer Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 (Setor IV - Campus do Vale), Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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2
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Roesler R, de Farias CB, Brunetto AT, Gregianin L, Jaeger M, Nör C, Thomaz A. Possible mechanisms and biomarkers of resistance to vismodegib in SHH medulloblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:1210-1211. [PMID: 35552442 PMCID: PMC9248385 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Roesler
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brunetto de Farias
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - André T Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lauro Gregianin
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Pediatric Oncology Service, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mariane Jaeger
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nör
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Si ck Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Thomaz
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, UK
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3
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Zhu L, Retana D, García‐Gómez P, Álvaro‐Espinosa L, Priego N, Masmudi‐Martín M, Yebra N, Miarka L, Hernández‐Encinas E, Blanco‐Aparicio C, Martínez S, Sobrino C, Ajenjo N, Artiga M, Ortega‐Paino E, Torres‐Ruiz R, Rodríguez‐Perales S, Soffietti R, Bertero L, Cassoni P, Weiss T, Muñoz J, Sepúlveda JM, González‐León P, Jiménez‐Roldán L, Moreno LM, Esteban O, Pérez‐Núñez Á, Hernández‐Laín A, Toldos O, Ruano Y, Alcázar L, Blasco G, Fernández‐Alén J, Caleiras E, Lafarga M, Megías D, Graña‐Castro O, Nör C, Taylor MD, Young LS, Varešlija D, Cosgrove N, Couch FJ, Cussó L, Desco M, Mouron S, Quintela‐Fandino M, Weller M, Pastor J, Valiente M. A clinically compatible drug-screening platform based on organotypic cultures identifies vulnerabilities to prevent and treat brain metastasis. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e14552. [PMID: 35174975 PMCID: PMC8899920 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a medium-throughput drug-screening platform (METPlatform) based on organotypic cultures that allows to evaluate inhibitors against metastases growing in situ. By applying this approach to the unmet clinical need of brain metastasis, we identified several vulnerabilities. Among them, a blood-brain barrier permeable HSP90 inhibitor showed high potency against mouse and human brain metastases at clinically relevant stages of the disease, including a novel model of local relapse after neurosurgery. Furthermore, in situ proteomic analysis applied to metastases treated with the chaperone inhibitor uncovered a novel molecular program in brain metastasis, which includes biomarkers of poor prognosis and actionable mechanisms of resistance. Our work validates METPlatform as a potent resource for metastasis research integrating drug-screening and unbiased omic approaches that is compatible with human samples. Thus, this clinically relevant strategy is aimed to personalize the management of metastatic disease in the brain and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Zhu
- Brain Metastasis GroupCNIOMadridSpain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Raúl Torres‐Ruiz
- Molecular Cytogenetics UnitCNIOMadridSpain,Division of Hematopoietic Innovative TherapiesCentro de Investigaciones EnergeticasMedioambientales y Tecnologicas (CIEMAT)MadridSpain
| | | | | | - Riccardo Soffietti
- Department of Neuro‐OncologyUniversity and City of Health and Science HospitalTurinItaly
| | - Luca Bertero
- Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Tobias Weiss
- Department of NeurologyClinical Neuroscience CenterUniversity Hospital Zurich and University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Javier Muñoz
- Proteomics UnitProteoRedISCIIICNIOMadridSpain,Present address:
Cell Signaling and Clinical Proteomics GroupBiocruces Bizkaia Health Research InstituteBarakaldoSpain,Present address:
IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain
| | | | | | - Luis Jiménez‐Roldán
- Neurosurgery UnitHospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain,Department of SurgeryUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain,Neuropathology UnitInstituto i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain
| | | | - Olga Esteban
- Neurosurgery UnitHospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain
| | - Ángel Pérez‐Núñez
- Neurosurgery UnitHospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain,Department of SurgeryUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain,Neuro‐Oncology GroupResearch Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12)MadridSpain
| | | | - Oscar Toldos
- Neuropathology UnitInstituto i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain
| | - Yolanda Ruano
- Pathology DepartmentInstituto i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de OctubreMadridSpain,Universidad Francisco de VitoriaMadridSpain
| | - Lucía Alcázar
- Neurosurgery DepartmentHospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadridSpain
| | - Guillermo Blasco
- Neurosurgery DepartmentHospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadridSpain
| | | | | | - Miguel Lafarga
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)University of Cantabria‐IDIVALSantanderSpain
| | | | | | - Carolina Nör
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program and The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research CentreThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program and The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research CentreThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada
| | - Leonie S Young
- Endocrine Oncology Research GroupDepartment of SurgeryRCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublinIreland
| | - Damir Varešlija
- Endocrine Oncology Research GroupDepartment of SurgeryRCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublinIreland
| | - Nicola Cosgrove
- Endocrine Oncology Research GroupDepartment of SurgeryRCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublinIreland
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Lorena Cussó
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería AeroespacialUniversidad Carlos III de MadridMadridSpain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain,Unidad de Imagen AvanzadaCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
| | - Manuel Desco
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería AeroespacialUniversidad Carlos III de MadridMadridSpain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain,Unidad de Imagen AvanzadaCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
| | | | | | - Michael Weller
- Department of NeurologyClinical Neuroscience CenterUniversity Hospital Zurich and University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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Nör C, Ramaswamy V. Next-Generation Profiling of Medulloblastoma: Old Drugs Are an Elegant Weapon in a Civilized Age. Cancer Res 2021; 81:264-265. [PMID: 33452214 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Personalized therapies have remained elusive in medulloblastoma, resulting in treatment paradigms that have been largely stagnant for almost four decades. A recent study by Rusert and colleagues applies a novel integrated approach to the identification of new targets in medulloblastoma by combining genomics, transcriptomics, and high-throughput drug screening across a panel of molecularly characterized patient-derived models. Actinomysin D, a common chemotherapeutic agent, was identified as highly active in the most aggressive form of medulloblastoma, highlighting the power of this approach over genomic paradigms alone.See related article by Rusert et al.; Cancer Res 80(23):5393-407.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Nör
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Nör F, Nör C, Bento LW, Zhang Z, Bretz WA, Nör JE. Propolis reduces the stemness of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 125:105087. [PMID: 33639480 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of Brazilian propolis on head and neck cancer stem cells in vitro. METHODS Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines (UM-SCC-17B and UM-SCC-74A), human keratinocytes (HK), and primary human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) were treated with 0.5, 5.0, or 50 μg/mL green, brown or red Brazilian propolis or vehicle control for 24, 36, and 72 h. Cell viability was evaluated by Sulforhodamine B assay. Western blots evaluated expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers (i.e. ALDH, CD44, Oct-4, Bmi-1) and flow cytometry was performed to determine the impact of propolis in the fraction of CSC, defined as ALDHhighCD44high cells. RESULTS propolis significantly reduced cell viability of HNSCC and HDMEC cells, but not HK. Notably, red propolis caused a significant reduction in the percentage of CSC, reduced the number of orospheres, and downregulated the expression of stem cell markers. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data demonstrate an anti-CSC effect of propolis, and suggest that propolis (i.e. red propolis) might be beneficial for patients with head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology & Medicine, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Carolina Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Programme in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Letícia W Bento
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhaocheng Zhang
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Jacques E Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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6
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Nör C, Ramaswamy V. Piecing together the Pediatric Brain Tumor Puzzle. Trends Genet 2021; 37:204-206. [PMID: 33455817 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A recent study by Petralia et al. of 218 pediatric brain tumors across seven different entities applied an integrated approach incorporating proteomics, phosphoproteomics, whole-genome sequencing, and RNA sequencing. This elegant study unveiled new signaling pathways, the composition of tumor microenvironments, and functional effects of copy number variants and somatic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Nör
- Programme in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- Programme in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Thomaz A, Jaeger M, Brunetto AL, Brunetto AT, Gregianin L, de Farias CB, Ramaswamy V, Nör C, Taylor MD, Roesler R. Neurotrophin Signaling in Medulloblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2542. [PMID: 32906676 PMCID: PMC7564905 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophins are a family of secreted proteins that act by binding to tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) or p75NTR receptors to regulate nervous system development and plasticity. Increasing evidence indicates that neurotrophins and their receptors in cancer cells play a role in tumor growth and resistance to treatment. In this review, we summarize evidence indicating that neurotrophin signaling influences medulloblastoma (MB), the most common type of malignant brain cancer afflicting children. We discuss the potential of neurotrophin receptors as new therapeutic targets for the treatment of MB. Overall, activation of TrkA and TrkC types of receptors seem to promote cell death, whereas TrkB might stimulate MB growth, and TrkB inhibition displays antitumor effects. Importantly, we show analyses of the gene expression profile of neurotrophins and their receptors in MB primary tumors, which indicate, among other findings, that higher levels of NTRK1 or NTRK2 are associated with reduced overall survival (OS) of patients with SHH MB tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Thomaz
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (A.T.); (M.J.); (A.L.B.); (A.T.B.); (L.G.); (C.B.d.F.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariane Jaeger
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (A.T.); (M.J.); (A.L.B.); (A.T.B.); (L.G.); (C.B.d.F.)
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre 90620-110, RS, Brazil
| | - Algemir L. Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (A.T.); (M.J.); (A.L.B.); (A.T.B.); (L.G.); (C.B.d.F.)
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre 90620-110, RS, Brazil
| | - André T. Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (A.T.); (M.J.); (A.L.B.); (A.T.B.); (L.G.); (C.B.d.F.)
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre 90620-110, RS, Brazil
| | - Lauro Gregianin
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (A.T.); (M.J.); (A.L.B.); (A.T.B.); (L.G.); (C.B.d.F.)
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
- Pediatric Oncology Service, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brunetto de Farias
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (A.T.); (M.J.); (A.L.B.); (A.T.B.); (L.G.); (C.B.d.F.)
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre 90620-110, RS, Brazil
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON 17-9702, Canada; (V.R.); (C.N.); (M.D.T.)
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Carolina Nör
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON 17-9702, Canada; (V.R.); (C.N.); (M.D.T.)
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Michael D. Taylor
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON 17-9702, Canada; (V.R.); (C.N.); (M.D.T.)
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (A.T.); (M.J.); (A.L.B.); (A.T.B.); (L.G.); (C.B.d.F.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
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Zhu L, Yebra N, Retana D, Blanco-Aparicio C, Martínez S, Soffietti R, Bertero L, Cassoni P, Weiss T, Muñoz J, Manuel Sepúlveda J, Pérez-Núñez Á, Hernández-Laín A, Toldos Ó, Caleiras E, Nör C, Taylor MD, Weller M, Pastor J, Valiente M. 42. IDENTIFICATION OF BRAIN METASTASIS VULNERABILITIES USING METPLATFORM. Neurooncol Adv 2020. [PMCID: PMC7401369 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa073.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of brain metastasis involves high morbidity and mortality and remains an unmet clinical need in spite of being the most common tumor in the brain. Exclusion of these cancer patients from clinical trials is a major cause of their limited therapeutic options. In this study, we report a novel drug-screening platform (METPlatform) based on organotypic cultures which allows identifying effective anti-metastasis agents in the presence of the organ microenvironment. We have applied this approach to clinically relevant stages of brain metastasis using both experimental models and human tumor tissue (by performing patient-derived organotypic cultures). We identified heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) as a promising therapeutic target for brain metastasis. Debio-0932, a blood-brain barrier permeable HSP90 inhibitor, shows high potency against mouse and human brain metastases from melanoma, lung and breast adenocarcinoma with distinct oncogenomic profiles at clinically relevant stages of the disease, including a novel model of local relapse after neurosurgery. Furthermore, we have also used METPlatform to perform unbiased proteomics of brain metastases in situ. By applying this analysis to brain metastases treated with the chaperone inhibitor, we uncovered non-canonical clients of HSP90 as potential novel mediators of brain metastasis and actionable mechanisms of resistance driven by autophagy. Combined therapy using HSP90 and autophagy inhibitors showed synergistic effects compared to sublethal concentrations of each monotherapy, demonstrating the potential of METPlatform to design and test rationale combination therapies to target metastasis more effectively. In conclusion, our work validates METPlatform as a potent resource for metastasis research integrating drug-screening and unbiased omic approaches that is fully compatible with human samples and questions the rationale of excluding patients with brain metastasis from clinical trials. We envision that METPlatform will be established as a clinically relevant strategy to personalize the management of metastatic disease in the brain and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Zhu
- Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Yebra
- Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Retana
- Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Luca Bertero
- University and City of Health and Science Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Cassoni
- University and City of Health and Science Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Javier Muñoz
- Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Óscar Toldos
- Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carolina Nör
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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9
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Perla A, Fratini L, Cardoso PS, Nör C, Brunetto AT, Brunetto AL, de Farias CB, Jaeger M, Roesler R. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Pediatric Brain Cancers: Biological Activities and Therapeutic Potential. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:546. [PMID: 32754588 PMCID: PMC7365945 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain cancers are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children. Biological changes in these tumors likely include epigenetic deregulation during embryonal development of the nervous system. Histone acetylation is one of the most widely investigated epigenetic processes, and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are increasingly important candidate treatments in many cancer types. Here, we review advances in our understanding of how HDACis display antitumor effects in experimental models of specific pediatric brain tumor types, i.e., medulloblastoma (MB), ependymoma (EPN), pediatric high-grade gliomas (HGGs), and rhabdoid and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs). We also discuss clinical perspectives for the use of HDACis in the treatment of pediatric brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Perla
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lívia Fratini
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paula S Cardoso
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nör
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - André T Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Algemir L Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brunetto de Farias
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mariane Jaeger
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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10
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da Cunha Jaeger M, Ghisleni EC, Cardoso PS, Siniglaglia M, Falcon T, Brunetto AT, Brunetto AL, de Farias CB, Taylor MD, Nör C, Ramaswamy V, Roesler R. HDAC and MAPK/ERK Inhibitors Cooperate To Reduce Viability and Stemness in Medulloblastoma. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:981-992. [PMID: 32056089 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01505-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB), which originates from embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) or neural precursors in the developing cerebellum, is the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood. Recurrent and metastatic disease is the principal cause of death and may be related to resistance within cancer stem cells (CSCs). Chromatin state is involved in maintaining signaling pathways related to stemness, and inhibition of histone deacetylase enzymes (HDAC) has emerged as an experimental therapeutic strategy to target this cell population. Here, we observed antitumor actions and changes in stemness induced by HDAC inhibition in MB. Analyses of tumor samples from patients with MB showed that the stemness markers BMI1 and CD133 are expressed in all molecular subgroups of MB. The HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) NaB reduced cell viability and expression of BMI1 and CD133 and increased acetylation in human MB cells. Enrichment analysis of genes associated with CD133 or BMI1 expression showed mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK signaling as the most enriched processes in MB tumors. MAPK/ERK inhibition reduced expression of the stemness markers, hindered MB neurosphere formation, and its antiproliferative effect was enhanced by combination with NaB. These results suggest that combining HDAC and MAPK/ERK inhibitors may be a novel and more effective approach in reducing MB proliferation when compared to single-drug treatments, through modulation of the stemness phenotype of MB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane da Cunha Jaeger
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Chiesa Ghisleni
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Schoproni Cardoso
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marialva Siniglaglia
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago Falcon
- Bioinformatics Core, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - André T Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Algemir L Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brunetto de Farias
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael D Taylor
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carolina Nör
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500 (ICBS, Campus Centro/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil.
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11
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Thomaz A, Pinheiro KDV, Souza BK, Gregianin L, Brunetto AL, Brunetto AT, de Farias CB, Jaeger MDC, Ramaswamy V, Nör C, Taylor MD, Roesler R. Antitumor Activities and Cellular Changes Induced by TrkB Inhibition in Medulloblastoma. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:698. [PMID: 31297057 PMCID: PMC6606946 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophins are critically involved in regulating normal neural development and plasticity. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin that acts by binding to the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor, has also been implicated in the progression of several types of cancer. However, its role in medulloblastoma (MB), the most common type of malignant brain tumor afflicting children, remains unclear. Here we show that selective TrkB inhibition with the small molecule compound ANA-12 impaired proliferation and viability of human UW228 and D283 MB cells, and slowed the growth of MB tumors xenografted into nude mice. These effects were accompanied by increased apoptosis, reduced extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) activity, increased expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and differential modulation of p21 expression dependent on the cell line. In addition, MB cells treated with ANA-12 showed morphological alterations consistent with differentiation, increased levels of the neural differentiation marker β-III Tubulin (TUBB3), and reduced expression of the stemness marker Nestin. These findings are consistent with the possibility that selective TrkB inhibition can display consistent anticancer effects in MB, possibly by modulating intracellular signaling and gene expression related to tumor progression, apoptosis, and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Thomaz
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Kelly de Vargas Pinheiro
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Kunzler Souza
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lauro Gregianin
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Pediatric Oncology Service, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Algemir L Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - André T Brunetto
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brunetto de Farias
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mariane da Cunha Jaeger
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Children's Cancer Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carolina Nör
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael D Taylor
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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12
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Guerreiro Stücklin A, Garzia L, Skowron P, De Antonellis P, Nör C, Wu X, Taylor M. DRES-09. IN VIVO FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS IDENTIFIES DRIVERS OF CHEMORESISTANCE IN MEDULLOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy148.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Guerreiro Stücklin
- Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology and Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Livia Garzia
- RI-MUHC, Cancer Research Program and Dept of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patryk Skowron
- Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pasqualino De Antonellis
- Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carolina Nör
- Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaochong Wu
- Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Taylor
- Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology and Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Integrated genomics has significantly advanced our understanding of medulloblastoma heterogeneity. It is now clear that it actually comprises at least four distinct molecular subgroups termed Wnt/Wingless (WNT), Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), Group 3, and Group 4 with stark clinical and biological differences. Areas covered: This paper reviews advances in the classification and risk stratification of medulloblastoma, specifically integrating subgroup with clinical and cytogenetic risk factors, with a summary of the potential to lead to more precise therapies. Moreover, the current state of preclinical modeling is summarized with respect to their utility in generating new treatments and correlation with genomic discoveries. Opportunities and challenges in developing new treatment paradigms are summarized and discussed, specifically new therapies for very high-risk metastatic/MYC-amplified Group 3 and TP53-mutant SHH and reductions in therapy for lower risk groups. Expert commentary: Survival across medulloblastoma has been stagnant for over 30 years, and new treatment paradigms are urgently required. Current therapy significantly over treats a high proportion of patients leaving them with lifelong side effects; while many patients still succumb to their disease. Applying biological advances could improve quality of life for a significant proportion of patients while offering new upfront approaches to the highest risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Nör
- a Programme in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology , Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , ON , Canada.,b Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre , Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- b Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre , Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , ON , Canada.,c Division of Haematology/Oncology , Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , ON , Canada
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14
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Clarimundo VS, Farinon M, Pedó RT, Teixeira VON, Nör C, Gulko PS, Xavier RM, de Oliveira PG. Gastrin-releasing peptide and its receptor increase arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes invasiveness through activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Peptides 2017; 95:57-61. [PMID: 28733141 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that leads to joint destruction. The fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) has a central role on the disease pathophysiology. The present study aimed to examine the role of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and its receptor (GRPR) on invasive behavior of mice fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), as well as to evaluate GRP-induced signaling on PI3K/AKT pathway. The expression of GRPR in FLS was investigated by immunocytochemistry, western blot (WB) and qRT-PCR. The proliferation and invasion were assessed by SRB and matrigel-transwell assay after treatment with GRP and/or RC-3095 (GRPR antagonist), and/or Ly294002 (inhibitor of PI3K/AKT pathway). Finally, AKT phosphorylation was assessed by WB. GRPR protein was detected in FLS and the exposure to GRP increased FLS invasion by nearly two-fold, compared with untreated cells (p<0.05), while RC-3095 reversed that effect (p<0.001). GRP also increased phosphorylated AKT expression in FLS. When Ly294002 was added with GRP, it prevented the GRP-induced increased cell invasiveness (p<0.001). These data suggest that GRPR expression in FLS and that exogenous GRP are able to activate FLS invasion. This effect occurs at least in part through the AKT activation. Therefore, understanding of the GRP/GRPR pathway could be relevant in the development of FLS-targeted therapy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Schuck Clarimundo
- Laboratório de Doenças Autoimunes, Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos Sreet, 2350, Room 645, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mirian Farinon
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,Jerônimo de Ornellas Avenue, 721, 90040-001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Autoimunes, Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos Sreet, 2350, Room 645, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Ternus Pedó
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,Jerônimo de Ornellas Avenue, 721, 90040-001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Autoimunes, Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos Sreet, 2350, Room 645, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vivian Oliveira Nunes Teixeira
- Laboratório de Doenças Autoimunes, Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos Sreet, 2350, Room 645, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nör
- Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Percio S Gulko
- Division of Rheumatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10029 NY, United States
| | - Ricardo Machado Xavier
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,Jerônimo de Ornellas Avenue, 721, 90040-001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Autoimunes, Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos Sreet, 2350, Room 645, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Patricia Gnieslaw de Oliveira
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,Jerônimo de Ornellas Avenue, 721, 90040-001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Doenças Autoimunes, Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos Sreet, 2350, Room 645, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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15
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16
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Wagner VP, Curra M, Webber LP, Nör C, Matte U, Meurer L, Martins MD. Photobiomodulation regulates cytokine release and new blood vessel formation during oral wound healing in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:665-71. [PMID: 26868031 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1904-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on cytokine levels and angiogenesis during oral wound healing. Ulcers were made on the dorsum of the tongue in 48 Wistar rats. Irradiation with an indium-gallium-aluminum-phosphide (InGaAlP) laser (660 nm; output power, 40 mW; spot size, 0.04 cm(2)) was performed once a day on two points of the ulcer for 14 days. Two different energy densities were used: 4 J/cm(2) (energy per point 0.16 J, total energy 0.32 J) and 20 J/cm(2) (energy per point 0.8 J, total energy 1.6 J). Tissue levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Image analysis of CD31-immunostained sections was used to investigate microvessel density (MVD). PBM increased the tissue levels of IL-1β at the early stage of oral wound healing (p < 0.01) and increased the tissue levels of TNF-α during all stages of oral wound healing (p < 0.05). PBM at a dose of 4 J/cm(2) produced more significant results regarding cytokine modulation and was associated with higher MVD at day 5. Collectively, these findings indicate that cytokine modulation and increased angiogenesis are among the basic mechanisms whereby PBM improves oral wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Petersen Wagner
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marina Curra
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liana Preto Webber
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nör
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ursula Matte
- Gene Therapy Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luise Meurer
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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17
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Abstract
Our understanding of medulloblastoma biology has increased dramatically over the past decade, in part a result of the recognition that there exists tremendous intertumoral heterogeneity not apparent by morphology alone. A particular area that significantly changed our approach to medulloblastoma has been an increased understanding of the role of p53. A role for p53 in medulloblastoma has been established over the past 20 years, however, not until recently has its significance been identified. Recent developments in the understanding of intertumor heterogeneity has clarified the role of TP53 mutations, as the importance of TP53 mutations is highly dependent on the molecular subgroup of medulloblastoma, with TP53 mutant Sonic Hedgehog medulloblastomas forming an extremely high-risk group of patients. As such, there is now a tremendous push to understand the role that p53 plays in treatment resistance of medulloblastoma. In this review, we will summarize the current understanding of p53 in medulloblastoma drawn primarily from recent advances in integrated genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Ramaswamy
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Carolina Nör
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
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18
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Bernardi L, Visioli F, Nör C, Rados PV. Radicular Cyst: An Update of the Biological Factors Related to Lining Epithelium. J Endod 2015; 41:1951-61. [PMID: 26603778 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radicular cysts are common lesions in daily dentistry practice. However, the mechanisms related to epithelial lining formation and cavity growth are not fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to review the biological factors implicated in these process. METHODS Literature was selected through a search of PubMed electronic databases matching the following key words in the title or abstract: "cyst" OR "granuloma" OR "abscess" AND "radicular" OR "apical" OR "periapical" AND "epithelium" OR "epithelial" OR "epithelial lining." The PubMed database was searched for articles published between 1975 and 2014. Only English language was applied to the search. RESULTS The literature search yielded a total of 187 articles. After duplicate references were discarded, a subsequent search at the title and abstract level revealed 42 articles for full-text reading. The articles were categorized into 5 main subtopics: (1) cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis; (2) extracellular matrix constituents; (3) inflammatory components; (4) bone metabolic factors and; (5) others. These subtopics described the characteristics of radicular cysts focusing on the epithelial tissue effects. CONCLUSIONS Several factors from different sources (epithelial cells, stromal cells, extracellular matrix, and bone matrix) were implicated on apical cyst pathogenesis. Probably a combination of many factors involving an epithelial-stromal interaction is responsible for the sustenance and growth of apical cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisiane Bernardi
- Basic Research Center, Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nör
- University Hospital Research Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pantelis Varvaki Rados
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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19
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Krishnamurthy S, Warner KA, Dong Z, Imai A, Nör C, Ward BB, Helman JI, Taichman RS, Bellile EL, McCauley LK, Polverini PJ, Prince ME, Wicha MS, Nör JE. Endothelial interleukin-6 defines the tumorigenic potential of primary human cancer stem cells. Stem Cells 2015; 32:2845-57. [PMID: 25078284 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) contain a small subpopulation of stem cells endowed with unique capacity to generate tumors. These cancer stem cells (CSC) are localized in perivascular niches and rely on crosstalk with endothelial cells for survival and self-renewal, but the mechanisms involved are unknown. Here, we report that stromal interleukin (IL)-6 defines the tumorigenic capacity of CSC sorted from primary human HNSCC and transplanted into mice. In search for the cellular source of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), we observed a direct correlation between IL-6 levels in tumor-associated endothelial cells and the tumorigenicity of CSC. In vitro, endothelial cell-IL-6 enhanced orosphere formation, p-STAT3 activation, survival, and self-renewal of human CSC. Notably, a humanized anti-IL-6R antibody (tocilizumab) inhibited primary human CSC-mediated tumor initiation. Collectively, these data demonstrate that endothelial cell-secreted IL-6 defines the tumorigenic potential of CSC, and suggest that HNSCC patients might benefit from therapeutic inhibition of IL-6/IL-6R signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Krishnamurthy
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Clarimundo V, Farinon M, Nör C, Filipin L, Gulko P, Xavier R, Oliveira P. THU0072 Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (GRP) and RC-3095, a GRP Receptor Antagonist, Regulates Arthritic Mice Synovial Fibroblasts. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.5209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sassi FDA, Caesar L, Jaeger M, Nör C, Abujamra AL, Schwartsmann G, de Farias CB, Brunetto AL, Lopez PLDC, Roesler R. Inhibitory activities of trichostatin a in U87 glioblastoma cells and tumorsphere-derived cells. J Mol Neurosci 2014; 54:27-40. [PMID: 24464841 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-014-0241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations have been increasingly implicated in glioblastoma (GBM) pathogenesis, and epigenetic modulators including histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have been investigated as candidate therapies. GBMs are proposed to contain a subpopulation of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) that sustain tumor progression and therapeutic resistance and can form tumorspheres in culture. Here, we investigate the effects of the HDACi trichostatin A (TSA) in U87 GBM cultures and tumorsphere-derived cells. Using approaches that include a novel method to measure tumorsphere sizes and the area covered by spheres in GBM cultures, as well as a nuclear morphometric analysis, we show that TSA reduced proliferation and colony sizes, led to G2/M arrest, induced alterations in nuclear morphology consistent with cell senescence, and increased the protein content of GFAP, but did not affect migration, in cultured human U87 GBM cells. In cells expanded in tumorsphere assays, TSA reduced sphere formation and induced neuron-like morphological changes. The expression of stemness markers in these cells was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. These findings indicate that HDACis can inhibit proliferation, survival, and tumorsphere formation, and promote differentiation of U87 GBM cells, providing further evidence for the development of HDACis as potential therapeutics against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe de Almeida Sassi
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Nör C, Sassi FA, de Farias CB, Schwartsmann G, Abujamra AL, Lenz G, Brunetto AL, Roesler R. The histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate promotes cell death and differentiation and reduces neurosphere formation in human medulloblastoma cells. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 48:533-43. [PMID: 23516101 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8441-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that alterations in epigenetic mechanisms regulating chromatin state play a role in the pathogenesis of medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, which increase chromatin relaxation, have been shown to display anticancer activities. Here we show that the HDAC inhibitor sodium butyrate (NaB) markedly increases cell death and reduces colony formation in human MB cell lines. In addition, NaB increased the mRNA expression of Gria2, a neuronal differentiation marker, in D283 and DAOY cells and reduced the number of neurospheres in D283 cell cultures. Finally, NaB reduced the viability of D283 cells when combined with etoposide. These data show that NaB displays pronounced inhibitory effects on the survival of human MB cells and suggest that NaB might potentiate the effects of etoposide. In addition, our study suggests that HDAC inhibition might promote the neuronal differentiation of MB cells and provides the first evidence that an HDAC inhibitor might suppress the expansion or survival of MB cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Nör
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Nör C, de Farias CB, Abujamra AL, Schwartsmann G, Brunetto AL, Roesler R. The histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate in combination with brain-derived neurotrophic factor reduces the viability of DAOY human medulloblastoma cells. Childs Nerv Syst 2011; 27:897-901. [PMID: 21560052 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-011-1439-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are a promising class of anticancer agents for the treatment of brain tumors. HDACis can increase the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in brain cells. We have previously shown that BDNF reduces the viability of medulloblastoma cells. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of the HDACi sodium butyrate (NaB) combined with human recombinant BDNF (hrBDNF), on the viability of human medulloblastoma cell lines. METHODS DAOY and ONS76 medulloblastoma cells were treated with NaB, hrBDNF, or NaB combined with hrBDNF. Cell viability was measured with the MTT assay. RESULTS NaB combined with hrBDNF significantly reduced the viability of DAOY medulloblastoma cells. In ONS76 cells, NaB alone reduced viability, but the effect was not potentiated by hrBDNF. CONCLUSION These findings provide early evidence for a rationale supporting further evaluation of HDACis and BDNF as a new combinatorial approach to inhibit the growth of medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Nör
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Abstract
Species of Hypericum accumulate phenolic compounds with the phloroglucinol substitution pattern, and there are many reports of such substances isolated from the aerial parts of the plants. In this study, flowers of plants grown in south Brazil were analyzed by means of HPLC, verifying the presence of benzopyrans in H. polyanthemum and dimeric phloroglucinol derivatives in H. caprifoliatum, H. connatum, H. myrianthum and H. polyanthemum. All flowers presented flavonoids, mainly quercetin derivatives, whereas hypericin and analogues were not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Nör
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, 90610-000
| | - Ana Paula Machado Bernardi
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, 90610-000
| | - Juliana Schulte Haas
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, 90610-000
| | - Jan Schripsema
- Setor de Química de Produtos Naturais, LCQUI/CCT, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil, 28015-620
| | - Sandra Beatriz Rech
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, 90610-000
| | - Gilsane Lino Von Poser
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, 90610-000
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Fenner R, Sortino M, Rates SMK, Dall'Agnol R, Ferraz A, Bernardi AP, Albring D, Nör C, von Poser G, Schapoval E, Zacchino S. Antifungal activity of some Brazilian Hypericum species. Phytomedicine 2005; 12:236-240. [PMID: 15830847 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2003.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Crude methanolic extracts and fractions from the aerial parts of seven species of Hypericum (H. caprifoliatum Cham. and Schltdl., H. carinatum Griseb., H. connatum Lam., H. ternum A. St.-Hil., H. myrianthum Cham. and Schltdl., H. piriai Arechav. and H. polyanthemum Klotzsch ex Reichardt) growing in southern Brazil were analyzed for their in vitro antifungal activity against a panel of standardized and clinical opportunistic pathogenic yeasts and filamentous fungi, including dermatophytes, by the agar dilution method. Chloroform and hexane extracts of H. ternum showed the greatest activity among extracts tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fenner
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil
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Dall'agnol R, Ferraz A, Bernardi AP, Albring D, Nör C, Schapoval EES, von Poser GL. Bioassay-guided isolation of antimicrobial benzopyrans and phloroglucinol derivatives fromHypericum species. Phytother Res 2005; 19:291-3. [PMID: 16041769 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently the crude methanol extracts of six Hypericum species were analysed against a panel of microorganisms and it was found that H. caprifoliatum Cham. & Schlecht., H. myrianthum Cham. & Schlecht. and H. polyanthemum Klotzsch ex Reichardt were the most active. This paper reports the activity of the hexane, chloroform and methanol fractions of these plants as well as the activity of some isolated compounds against Staphylococcus aureus determined by bioautographic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Dall'agnol
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS. Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Nör C, Albring D, Ferraz A, Schripsema J, Pires V, Sonnet P, Guillaume D, von Poser G. Phloroglucinol derivatives from four Hypericum species belonging to the Trigynobrathys section. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2003.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dall'Agnol R, Ferraz A, Bernardi AP, Albring D, Nör C, Sarmento L, Lamb L, Hass M, von Poser G, Schapoval EES. Antimicrobial activity of some Hypericum species. Phytomedicine 2003; 10:511-516. [PMID: 13678236 DOI: 10.1078/094471103322331476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The crude methanolic extracts of six species of Hypericum [H. caprifoliatum Cham. & Schlecht., H. carinatum Griseb., H. connatum Lam., H. ternum A. St. Hil., H. myrianthum Cham. & Schlecht. and H. polyanthemum Klotzsch ex Reichardt] growing in southern Brazil were analyzed for antimicrobial activity against several microorganisms (bacteria and fungi). The most active plant was H. caprifoliatum, which showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Only H. polyanthemum and H. ternum extracts were active against Bacillus subtilis. None of the crude methanolic extracts showed activity against S. epidermidis, Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Extracts from these species were evaluated chemically and tannin, flavonoid and phenolic acids were the prominent compounds. The plants contained quercitrin, hyperoside (except H. connatum) and, less frequently, isoquercitrin and chlorogenic acid. In contrast to H. perforatum, which has high concentrations of rutin, these species do not produce this flavonoid or it appears as traces. The tannin concentration varied between 5.1 and 16.7% in H. myrianthum and H. ternum, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dall'Agnol
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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