1
|
Humayun S, Premarathna AD, Rjabovs V, Howlader MM, Darko CNS, Mok IK, Tuvikene R. Biochemical Characteristics and Potential Biomedical Applications of Hydrolyzed Carrageenans. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050269. [PMID: 37233463 DOI: 10.3390/md21050269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed contains a variety of bioactive compounds; the most abundant of them are polysaccharides, which have significant biological and chemical importance. Although algal polysaccharides, especially the sulfated polysaccharides, have great potential in the pharmaceutical, medical and cosmeceutical sectors, the large molecular size often limits their industrial applications. The current study aims to determine the bioactivities of degraded red algal polysaccharides by several in vitro experiments. The molecular weight was determined by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and the structure was confirmed by FTIR and NMR. In comparison to the original furcellaran, the furcellaran with lower molecular weight had higher OH scavenging activities. The reduction in molecular weight of the sulfated polysaccharides resulted in a significant decrease in anticoagulant activities. Tyrosinase inhibition improved 2.5 times for hydrolyzed furcellaran. The alamarBlue assay was used to determine the effects of different Mw of furcellaran, κ-carrageenan and ι-carrageenan on the cell viability of RAW264.7, HDF and HaCaT cell lines. It was found that hydrolyzed κ-carrageenan and ι-carrageenan enhanced cell proliferation and improved wound healing, whereas hydrolyzed furcellaran did not affect cell proliferation in any of the cell lines. Nitric oxide (NO) production decreased sequentially as the Mw of the polysaccharides decreased, which indicates that hydrolyzed κ-Carrageenan, ι-carrageenan and furcellaran have the potential to treat inflammatory disease. These findings suggested that the bioactivities of polysaccharides were highly dependent on their Mw, and the hydrolyzed carrageenans could be used in new drug development as well as cosmeceutical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjida Humayun
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Amal D Premarathna
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Vitalijs Rjabovs
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Md Musa Howlader
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Il-Kyoon Mok
- Green-bio Research Facility Center, Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun 25354, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Rando Tuvikene
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jin J, Nguyen TTH, Humayun S, Park S, Oh H, Lim S, Mok IK, Li Y, Pal K, Kim D. Characteristics of sourdough bread fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its bio-preservative effect against Aspergillus flavus. Food Chem 2020; 345:128787. [PMID: 33310248 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Six lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and four yeast strains were isolated from Pyeongchang spontaneous sourdough. In combination with the segregated Saccharomycopsis fibuligera and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pediococcus pentosaceus was employed for sourdough bread starters because of its antifungal action against Aspergillus flavus. The sourdough bread fermented with P. pentosaceus and S. cerevisiae displayed 56.4% ± 5.5% antifungal movement counter to A. flavus expansion at 96 h. The concentration of lactic and acetic acids in the sourdough bread was 4.5- and 1.6-folds above the control bread, respectively, contributing to the balanced sensory properties with a fermentation quotient (FQ) of 2.08-2.86. SPME- GC/MS newly distinguished twenty-two volatile compounds including six aldehydes, five alcohols, one phenol, three ketones, one acid, and six esters. The results suggest the P. pentosaceus and S. cerevisiae combination as promising sourdough starters for making enhanced quality bread free of preservatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juhui Jin
- Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Republic of Korea.
| | - Thi Thanh Hanh Nguyen
- Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sanjida Humayun
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Republic of Korea.
| | - SungHoon Park
- SPC Research Institute of Food and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyewon Oh
- SPC Research Institute of Food and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangyong Lim
- Radiation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Il-Kyoon Mok
- Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Kunal Pal
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Doman Kim
- Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hossain MN, Afrin S, Humayun S, Ahmed MM, Saha BK. Identification and Growth Characterization of a Novel Strain of Saccharomyces boulardii Isolated From Soya Paste. Front Nutr 2020; 7:27. [PMID: 32309286 PMCID: PMC7145964 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The nonpathogenic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) has beneficial effects on the human intestine, and thus has been prescribed as probiotics for the treatment of diarrhea and gastrointestinal diseases. This is the only commercialized yeast with the purpose of being used as human medicine. Currently, little is known about their multiple mechanisms of actions. The S. boulardii yeast strain is isolated and identified by using the BIOLOGTM microarray identification system and morphologically. To understand its functional roles, the present study investigates the ability of this yeast to tolerate different concentrations of bile salt up to 2.5%, cell hydrophobicity, antioxidants, autoaggregation activity, and simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The effect of temperatures (up to 50°C), pH (up to 8.0), and salinity (at best 7%) was also monitored on the growth and survival of the yeast cell. The physicochemical analyses revealed that S. boulardii could survive in stomach conditions at pH 2.5, temperature 37°C, and 2% bile salt. Antibiotic susceptibility of S. boulardii was carried out using commercial antibiotic discs. The antimicrobial activity of the isolated S. boulardii against bacterial pathogens related to diarrhea diseases was in-vitro determined by the Well Diffusion method. The biosafety assay findings also claimed S. boulardii could be a potential probiotic. The experimental findings suggest that the isolated S. boulardii possesses excellent probiotic capacities as a biotherapeutic agent for antidiarrheal and gastrointestinal disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Nur Hossain
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjida Humayun
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Monzur Morshed Ahmed
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Barun Kanti Saha
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Munna MS, Humayun S, Noor R. Influence of heat shock and osmotic stresses on the growth and viability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae SUBSC01. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:369. [PMID: 26298101 PMCID: PMC4546815 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1355-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With a preceding scrutiny of bacterial cellular responses against heat shock and oxidative stresses, current research further investigated such impact on yeast cell. Present study attempted to observe the influence of high temperature (44–46 °C) on the growth and budding pattern of Saccharomyces cerevisiae SUBSC01. Effect of elevated sugar concentrations as another stress stimulant was also observed. Cell growth was measured through the estimation of the optical density at 600 nm (OD600) and by the enumeration of colony forming units on the agar plates up to 450 min. Results Subsequent transformation in the yeast morphology and the cellular arrangement were noticed. A delayed and lengthy lag phase was observed when yeast strain was grown at 30, 37, and 40 °C, while at 32.5 °C, optimal growth pattern was noticed. Cells were found to lose culturability completely at 46 °C whereby cells without the cytoplasmic contents were also observed under the light microscope. Thus the critical growth temperature was recorded as 45 °C which was the highest temperature at which S. cerevisiae SUBSC01 could grow. However, a complete growth retardation was observed at 45 °C with the high concentrations of dextrose (0.36 g/l) and sucrose (0.18 g/l). Notably, yeast budding was found at 44 and 45 °C up to 270 min of incubation, which was further noticed to be suppressed at 46 °C. Conclusions Present study revealed that the optimal and the critical growth temperatures of S. cerevisiae SUBSC01 were 32.5 and 45 °C, respectively; and also projected on the inhibitory concentrations of sugars on yeast growth at that temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Sakil Munna
- Department of Microbiology, Stamford University Bangladesh, 51 Siddeswari Road, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh.
| | - Sanjida Humayun
- Department of Microbiology, Stamford University Bangladesh, 51 Siddeswari Road, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh.
| | - Rashed Noor
- Department of Microbiology, Stamford University Bangladesh, 51 Siddeswari Road, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Giant cell reparative granuloma accounts for 1-7% of all benign lesions of the jaw. It often arises in the maxilla followed by mandible and affects children and young adults. It is usually a slow-growing lesion. The fast growing lesions are rare and despite the innocent histological appearance, has an aggressive behavior mimicking a malignant lesion. In the present report, the clinical features, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of an unusually large aggressive variety of reparative giant cell granuloma found in the cheek with extensions into maxilla, antrum, and infratemporal region in a 23-year-old female is described. The impact of delay in correct diagnosis on massive enlargement of the lesion, the importance of computed tomography-guided biopsy in the diagnosis of such inaccessible lesions, and the role of a general dentist in the early detection are also emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Jeevan Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Humayun S, Prasad VR. Expression of p53 protein and ki-67 antigen in oral premalignant lesions and oral squamous cell carcinomas: An immunohistochemical study. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2012; 2:38-46. [PMID: 22442608 PMCID: PMC3304220 DOI: 10.4103/0975-5950.85852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To study expression of p53 protein and ki-67 antigen in normal, non-dysplastic, dysplastic, premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral mucosa. Materials and Methods: The standard immunohistochemical method along with MIB-1 and DO-7; DAKO antibodies was used to study the expression of p53 and ki-67 in paraffin-embedded tissue specimens. Results: All samples studied showed positive staining for p53 and ki-67. Only one case each from leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) groups showed negative staining for ki-67. The staining was confined to basal layer in most of the cases except OSCC in which it was seen in all layers. The intensity of staining was moderate to intense. The percentage of p53-positive cells in normal mucosa was 15-25% which was increased to 95% in malignant mucosa. Statistical analysis revealed that the expression of p53 and ki-67 increases as normal oral mucosa becomes dysplastic and undergoes malignant transformation. Conclusion: These results emphasize the potential use of p53 protein and ki-67 antigen as markers of malignant transformation and carcinogenesis in oral premalignant lesions, conditions and OSCC, respectively; and in future they may serve as prognostic tools in the early detection of malignant transformation in oral premalignant lesions and conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Humayun
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Durg, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mumtaz R, Ali Khan A, Noor N, Humayun S. Amalgam use and waste management by Pakistani dentists: an environmental perspective. East Mediterr Health J 2010; 16:334-339. [PMID: 20795451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
To assess amalgam use and waste management protocols practised by Pakistani dentists, a cross-sectional study was made of 239 dentists in Islamabad and Rawalpindi, recruited by convenience and cluster sampling. Amalgam was the most frequently used restorative material, with the choice dictated by patients' financial constraints. While 90.4% of dentists perceived amalgam as a health risk, only 46.4% considered it an environmental hazard. The majority disposed of amalgam waste in the trash, down the sink or as hospital waste. Very few (5.9%) had an amalgam separator installed in their dental office. Amalgam waste management protocols and mercury recycling should be introduced in Pakistan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Mumtaz
- Department of Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Riphah International University, Islomobod, Pakistan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mumtaz R, Khan AA, Noor N, Humayun S. Amalgam use and waste management by Pakistani dentists: an environmental perspective. East Mediterr Health J 2010. [DOI: 10.26719/2010.16.3.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
9
|
Velpandian T, Bankoti R, Humayun S, Ravi AK, Kumari SS, Biswas NR. Comparative evaluation of possible ocular photochemical toxicity of fluoroquinolones meant for ocular use in experimental models. Indian J Exp Biol 2006; 44:387-91. [PMID: 16708892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are extensively used in bacterial keratitis and other intraocular infections. Since eye is constantly exposed to light, incidence of ocular phototoxicity due to commonly used FQs is of great interest for their safe use. Phototoxicity of commonly used FQs (ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin and gatifloxacin), has been evaluated by using HET-CAM-UV model (Photo Hen Egg Test-C Chorioallantoic Membrane model). This study was further extended by adding lomefloxacin dissolved in bovine vitreous (0.5 ml) on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Using a standard scale, the phototoxic damage was assessed at different time intervals. Respective controls were kept in dark to distinguish the toxicity of the drugs per se. The results showed that the phototoxicity induced by lomefloxacin was very high followed by gatifloxacin and sparfloxacin and least for other drugs studied. Interestingly, lomefloxacin along with vitreous showed significantly low phototoxicity. This could be due to the antioxidant property of ascorbic acid present in the vitreous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Velpandian
- Toxicology Laboratory, Ocular Pharmacology Division, Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|