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Martin-Loeches I, Pereira JG, Teoh TK, Barlow G, Dortet L, Carrol ED, Olgemöller U, Boyd SE, Textoris J. Molecular antimicrobial susceptibility testing in sepsis. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:61-72. [PMID: 38180334 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapidly detecting and identifying pathogens is crucial for appropriate antimicrobial therapy in patients with sepsis. Conventional diagnostic methods have been a great asset to medicine, though they are time consuming and labor intensive. This work will enable healthcare professionals to understand the bacterial community better and enhance their diagnostic capacity by using novel molecular methods that make obtaining quicker, more precise results possible. The authors discuss and critically assess the merits and drawbacks of molecular testing and the added value of these tests, including the shift turnaround time, the implication for clinicians' decisions, gaps in knowledge, future research directions and novel insights or innovations. The field of antimicrobial molecular testing has seen several novel insights and innovations to improve the diagnosis and management of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Martin-Loeches
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization (MICRO), St James' Hospital, D08 NHY1, Dublin, Ireland
- Hospital Clinic, Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universidad de Barcelona, Ciberes, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Tee Keat Teoh
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gavin Barlow
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York and Hull York Medical School, UK
- Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | - Laurent Dortet
- Department of Bacteriology-Hygiene, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- INSERM UMR 1184, RESIST Unit, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- French National Reference Center for Antimicrobial Resistance, France
| | - Enitan D Carrol
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Liverpool, UK
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ulrike Olgemöller
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sara E Boyd
- St George's University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Pallett SJC, Boyd SE, O'Shea MK, Martin J, Jenkins DR, Hutley EJ. The contribution of human conflict to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Commun Med (Lond) 2023; 3:153. [PMID: 37880348 PMCID: PMC10600243 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00386-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pallet et al. discuss the impact of human conflict on development of antimicrobial resistance. They overview approaches to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance, using the ongoing conflict in Ukraine as an example of the challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J C Pallett
- Centre of Defence Pathology, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Sara E Boyd
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Matthew K O'Shea
- Centre of Defence Pathology, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jessica Martin
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK
| | - David R Jenkins
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Infirmary Square, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Emma J Hutley
- Centre of Defence Pathology, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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3
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Boyd SE, Pallett SJC, Moore LSP. Orthopaedic preparedness for disasters must extend to infection surveillance. Lancet 2023; 402:290. [PMID: 37481271 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Boyd
- St George's University NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK; National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Scott J C Pallett
- Centre of Defence Pathology, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Luke S P Moore
- National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK; Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; North West London Pathology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Pallett SJC, Trompeter A, Basarab M, Moore LSP, Boyd SE. Multidrug-resistant infections in war victims in Ukraine. Lancet Infect Dis 2023:S1473-3099(23)00391-2. [PMID: 37451296 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott J C Pallett
- Infection Clinical Academic Group, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Centre of Defence Pathology, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK.
| | - Alex Trompeter
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Marina Basarab
- Infection Clinical Academic Group, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Luke S P Moore
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sara E Boyd
- Infection Clinical Academic Group, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK; Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Saeed K, Ahmad-Saeed N, Annett R, Barlow G, Barrett L, Boyd SE, Boran N, Davies P, Hughes H, Jones G, Leach L, Lynch M, Nayar D, Maloney RJ, Marsh M, Milburn O, Mitchell S, Moffat L, Moore LSP, Murphy ME, O'Shea SA, O'Sullivan F, Peach T, Petridou C, Reidy N, Selvaratnam M, Talbot B, Taylor V, Wearmouth D, Aldridge C. A multicentre evaluation and expert recommendations of use of the newly developed BioFire Joint Infection polymerase chain reaction panel. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:169-176. [PMID: 36474096 PMCID: PMC9836977 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-022-04538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Septic arthritis is a serious condition with significant morbidity and mortality, routinely diagnosed using culture. The FDA has recently approved the rapid molecular BioFire® Joint Infection Panel (BJIP) for synovial fluid. We aimed to evaluate the BJIP compared to culture and its potential use in patient management. A multicentre retrospective evaluation of BJIP was conducted in the UK and Ireland. Positive percent agreement (PPA) and negative percent agreement (NPA) were calculated between the BJIP and routine culture. A multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion addressing the optimal or potential case use of the assay practice was facilitated. Three hundred ninety-nine surplus synovial fluid samples (~ 70% from native joints) from eight centres were processed using BJIP in addition to routine culture. An increased yield of positive results was detected using BJIP compared to routine culture (98 vs 83), giving an overall PPA of 91.6% and overall NPA of 93% for the BJIP compared to culture results. The BJIP detected resistant markers and additional organisms that could influence antibiotic choices including Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Kingella kingae. The MDT agreed that the assay could be used, in addition to standard methods, in adult and children patients with specialist advice use based on local needs. Rapid results from BJIP were assessed as having potential clinical impact on patient management. Organisms not included in the panel may be clinically significant and may limit the value of this test for PJI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kordo Saeed
- Department of Infection, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Nusreen Ahmad-Saeed
- Department of Infection, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Rachel Annett
- Public Health Wales Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Gavin Barlow
- Department of Infection, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
- Experimental Medicine & Biomedicine, York Biomedical Research Institute, Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, UK
| | | | - Sara E Boyd
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, North West London Pathology, Fulham Palace Road, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections & Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, UK
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Nicola Boran
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Davies
- Department of Microbiology, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, New Lister Building, Alexandra Parade, Glasgow, UK
| | - Harriet Hughes
- Public Health Wales Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Gwennan Jones
- Public Health Wales Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Laura Leach
- Oxford University Hospitals (OUH), Oxford, UK
| | - Maureen Lynch
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deepa Nayar
- Department of Microbiology, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert J Maloney
- Department of Infection, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | - Martin Marsh
- Department of Orthopaedics, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Olivia Milburn
- Department of Microbiology, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Shanine Mitchell
- Public Health Wales Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Lynn Moffat
- Department of Microbiology, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, New Lister Building, Alexandra Parade, Glasgow, UK
| | - Luke S P Moore
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, North West London Pathology, Fulham Palace Road, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections & Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, UK
| | - Michael E Murphy
- Department of Microbiology, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, New Lister Building, Alexandra Parade, Glasgow, UK
- College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, Wolfson Medical School Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shaan Ashk O'Shea
- Department of Infection, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Fionnuala O'Sullivan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Teresa Peach
- Health Protection and Infection Division, Capital Quarter, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Christina Petridou
- Department of Infection, Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester, UK
| | - Niamh Reidy
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Ben Talbot
- Department of Microbiology, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, New Lister Building, Alexandra Parade, Glasgow, UK
| | - Vanessa Taylor
- Public Health Wales Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Deborah Wearmouth
- Department of Infection, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | - Catherine Aldridge
- Department of Microbiology, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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Charalampous T, Alcolea-Medina A, Snell LB, Williams TGS, Batra R, Alder C, Telatin A, Camporota L, Meadows CIS, Wyncoll D, Barrett NA, Hemsley CJ, Bryan L, Newsholme W, Boyd SE, Green A, Mahadeva U, Patel A, Cliff PR, Page AJ, O'Grady J, Edgeworth JD. Evaluating the potential for respiratory metagenomics to improve treatment of secondary infection and detection of nosocomial transmission on expanded COVID-19 intensive care units. Genome Med 2021; 13:182. [PMID: 34784976 PMCID: PMC8594956 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical metagenomics (CMg) has the potential to be translated from a research tool into routine service to improve antimicrobial treatment and infection control decisions. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic provides added impetus to realise these benefits, given the increased risk of secondary infection and nosocomial transmission of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens linked with the expansion of critical care capacity. METHODS CMg using nanopore sequencing was evaluated in a proof-of-concept study on 43 respiratory samples from 34 intubated patients across seven intensive care units (ICUs) over a 9-week period during the first COVID-19 pandemic wave. RESULTS An 8-h CMg workflow was 92% sensitive (95% CI, 75-99%) and 82% specific (95% CI, 57-96%) for bacterial identification based on culture-positive and culture-negative samples, respectively. CMg sequencing reported the presence or absence of β-lactam-resistant genes carried by Enterobacterales that would modify the initial guideline-recommended antibiotics in every case. CMg was also 100% concordant with quantitative PCR for detecting Aspergillus fumigatus from 4 positive and 39 negative samples. Molecular typing using 24-h sequencing data identified an MDR-K. pneumoniae ST307 outbreak involving 4 patients and an MDR-C. striatum outbreak involving 14 patients across three ICUs. CONCLUSION CMg testing provides accurate pathogen detection and antibiotic resistance prediction in a same-day laboratory workflow, with assembled genomes available the next day for genomic surveillance. The provision of this technology in a service setting could fundamentally change the multi-disciplinary team approach to managing ICU infections. The potential to improve the initial targeted treatment and rapidly detect unsuspected outbreaks of MDR-pathogens justifies further expedited clinical assessment of CMg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Themoula Charalampous
- Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Adela Alcolea-Medina
- Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
- Infection Sciences, Viapath, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Luke B Snell
- Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Tom G S Williams
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Rahul Batra
- Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Christopher Alder
- Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrea Telatin
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Luigi Camporota
- Critical Care Directorate, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Duncan Wyncoll
- Critical Care Directorate, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicholas A Barrett
- Critical Care Directorate, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Carolyn J Hemsley
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Lisa Bryan
- Infection Sciences, Viapath, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - William Newsholme
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sara E Boyd
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Anna Green
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ula Mahadeva
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Amita Patel
- Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Andrew J Page
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Justin O'Grady
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
| | - Jonathan D Edgeworth
- Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
- Infection Sciences, Viapath, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Boyd SE, Vasudevan A, Moore LSP, Brewer C, Gilchrist M, Costelloe C, Gordon AC, Holmes AH. Validating a prediction tool to determine the risk of nosocomial multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli infection in critically ill patients: A retrospective case-control study. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2020; 22:826-831. [PMID: 32712381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Singapore GSDCS score was developed to enable clinicians predict the risk of nosocomial multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (RGNB) infection in critically ill patients. We aimed to validate this score in a UK setting. METHOD A retrospective case-control study was conducted including patients who stayed for more than 24h in intensive care units (ICUs) across two tertiary National Health Service hospitals in London, UK (April 2011-April 2016). Cases with RGNB and controls with sensitive Gram-negative bacilli (SGNB) infection were identified. RESULTS The derived GSDCS score was calculated from when there was a step change in antimicrobial therapy in response to clinical suspicion of infection as follows: prior Gram-negative organism, Surgery, Dialysis with end-stage renal disease, prior Carbapenem use and intensive care Stay of more than 5 days. A total of 110 patients with RGNB infection (cases) were matched 1:1 to 110 geotemporally chosen patients with SGNB infection (controls). The discriminatory ability of the prediction tool by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis in our validation cohort was 0.75 (95% confidence interval 0.65-0.81), which is comparable with the area under the curve of the derivation cohort (0.77). The GSDCS score differentiated between low- (0-1.3), medium- (1.4-2.3) and high-risk (2.4-4.3) patients for RGNB infection (P<0.001) in a UK setting. CONCLUSION A simple bedside clinical prediction tool may be used to identify and differentiate patients at low, medium and high risk of RGNB infection prior to initiation of prompt empirical antimicrobial therapy in the intensive care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Boyd
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK; National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
| | | | - Luke S P Moore
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK; North West London Pathology, Fulham Palace Road, London W6 8RF, UK; Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Mark Gilchrist
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ceire Costelloe
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Anthony C Gordon
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alison H Holmes
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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8
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Chatterjee A, Modarai M, Naylor NR, Boyd SE, Atun R, Barlow J, Holmes AH, Johnson A, Robotham JV. Quantifying drivers of antibiotic resistance in humans: a systematic review. Lancet Infect Dis 2018; 18:e368-e378. [PMID: 30172580 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30296-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitigating the risks of antibiotic resistance requires a horizon scan linking the quality with the quantity of data reported on drivers of antibiotic resistance in humans, arising from the human, animal, and environmental reservoirs. We did a systematic review using a One Health approach to survey the key drivers of antibiotic resistance in humans. Two sets of reviewers selected 565 studies from a total of 2819 titles and abstracts identified in Embase, MEDLINE, and Scopus (2005-18), and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and WHO (One Health data). Study quality was assessed in accordance with Cochrane recommendations. Previous antibiotic exposure, underlying disease, and invasive procedures were the risk factors with most supporting evidence identified from the 88 risk factors retrieved. The odds ratios of antibiotic resistance were primarily reported to be between 2 and 4 for these risk factors when compared with their respective controls or baseline risk groups. Food-related transmission from the animal reservoir and water-related transmission from the environmental reservoir were frequently quantified. Uniformly quantifying relationships between risk factors will help researchers to better understand the process by which antibiotic resistance arises in human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Chatterjee
- National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Maryam Modarai
- National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nichola R Naylor
- National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sara E Boyd
- National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK; Imperial College London Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rifat Atun
- National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Global Health and Population, and Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Barlow
- Centre for Health Economics & Policy Innovation, Imperial College Business School, London, UK
| | - Alison H Holmes
- National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK; Imperial College London Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Alan Johnson
- National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Julie V Robotham
- National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK; Modelling and Economics Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK
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Boyd SE, Moore LSP, Rawson TM, Hope WW, Holmes AH. Combination therapy for carbapenemase-producing Entero-bacteriaceae: INCREMENT-al effect on resistance remains unclear. Lancet Infect Dis 2018; 17:899-900. [PMID: 28845792 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(17)30450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Boyd
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK; Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, UK; Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK.
| | - Luke S P Moore
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK; Chelsea and Westminster National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Timothy M Rawson
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - William W Hope
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
| | - Alison H Holmes
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK; Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, UK
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10
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Rodvold KA, Hope WW, Boyd SE. Considerations for effect site pharmacokinetics to estimate drug exposure: concentrations of antibiotics in the lung. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2017; 36:114-123. [PMID: 29096171 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and microdialysis have become the most reliable and relevant methods for measuring lung concentrations of antibiotics, with the majority of BAL studies involving either healthy adult subjects or patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy. Emphasis on the amount of drug that reaches the site of infection is increasingly recognized as necessary to determine whether a dose selection will translate to good clinical outcomes in the treatment of patients with pneumonia. Observed concentrations and/or parameters of exposure (e.g. area-under-the-curve) need to be incorporated with pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic indices so that rational dose selection can be identified for specific pathogens and types of pneumonic infection (community-acquired vs hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia, including ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia). Although having measured plasma or lung concentration-time data from critically ill patients to incorporate into pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models is very unlikely during drug development, it is essential that altered distribution, augmented renal clearance, and renal or hepatic dysfunction should be considered. Notably, the number of published studies involving microdialysis and intrapulmonary penetration of antibiotics has been limited and mainly involve beta-lactam agents, levofloxacin, and fosfomycin. Opportunities to measure in high-resolution effect site spatial pharmacokinetics (e.g. with MALDI-MSI or PET imaging) and in vivo continuous drug concentrations (e.g. with aptamer-based probes) now exist. Going forward these studies could be incorporated into antibiotic development programs for pneumonia in order to further increase the probability of candidate success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Rodvold
- Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - William W Hope
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sara E Boyd
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunity, Imperial College London, London, UK
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11
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Boyd SE, Rawson TM, Moore LSP, Holmes AH. Preventing bloodstream infection in children: What's the CATCH? Lancet 2016; 388:462-3. [PMID: 27507755 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Boyd
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
| | - Timothy M Rawson
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Luke S P Moore
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Alison H Holmes
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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12
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Eldridge SM, Chen CR, Xu ZH, Nelson PN, Boyd SE, Meszaros I, Chan KY. Molecular composition of recycled organic wastes, as determined by solid-state 13C NMR and elemental analyses. Waste Manag 2013; 33:2157-2169. [PMID: 23896223 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Using solid state (13)C NMR data and elemental composition in a molecular mixing model, we estimated the molecular components of the organic matter in 16 recycled organic (RO) wastes representative of the major materials generated in the Sydney basin area. Close correspondence was found between the measured NMR signal intensities and those predicted by the model for all RO wastes except for poultry manure char. Molecular nature of the organic matter differed widely between the RO wastes. As a proportion of organic C, carbohydrate C ranged from 0.07 to 0.63, protein C from <0.01 to 0.66, lignin C from <0.01 to 0.31, aliphatic C from 0.09 to 0.73, carbonyl C from 0.02 to 0.23, and char C from 0 to 0.45. This method is considered preferable to techniques involving imprecise extraction methods for RO wastes. Molecular composition data has great potential as a predictor of RO waste soil carbon and nutrient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Eldridge
- Environmental Futures Centre, School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Bruxner Highway, Wollongbar, NSW 2477, Australia.
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13
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Boyd SE, Sanders CL, Kleinert HL, Huff MB, Lock S, Johnson S, Clevenger K, Bush NA, Van Dyke E, Clark TL. Virtual Patient Training to Improve Reproductive Health Care for Women With Intellectual Disabilities. J Midwifery Womens Health 2010; 53:453-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmwh.2008.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Revised: 04/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Knudsen HK, Boyd SE, Studts JL. Substance abuse treatment counselors and tobacco use: a comparison of comprehensive and indoor-only workplace smoking bans. Nicotine Tob Res 2010; 12:1151-5. [PMID: 20813761 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntq145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While indoor smoking bans reduce employee tobacco use, less is known about whether comprehensive bans, which prohibit smoking in both indoor and outdoor areas, are associated with lower rates of tobacco use than indoor-only bans. METHODS This study integrated data collected via mailed surveys from 1,910 substance abuse treatment counselors and telephone interviews with 417 administrators of substance abuse treatment organizations. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between counselors' self-reported tobacco use and administrators' reports about organizational smoking bans while controlling for counselors' professional and demographic characteristics. RESULTS In this sample, 20.3% of counselors were current tobacco users, 47.7% identified as former users, and 32.0% reported never using tobacco products. Only 19.5% of counselors worked in a treatment organization that had a comprehensive smoking ban. The likelihood of being a current tobacco user, compared with being a former user or nonuser, was significantly lower for counselors in organizations with comprehensive bans even after controlling for professional and demographic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Although relatively few substance abuse counselors worked in treatment organizations with comprehensive bans, such bans may represent a promising direction for tobacco control. Given recent research documenting how tobacco use is negatively associated with the delivery of smoking cessation services by health care workers, additional research on the impact of comprehensive environmental tobacco policies is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K Knudsen
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, 109 Medical Behavioral Science Bldg, Lexington, KY 40536-0086, USA.
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Sanders C, Kleinert HL, Boyd SE, Herren C, Theiss L, Mink J. Virtual patient instruction for dental students: can it improve dental care access for persons with special needs? Spec Care Dentist 2009; 28:205-13. [PMID: 18782198 DOI: 10.1111/j.1754-4505.2008.00038.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An interactive, virtual-patient module was produced on compact disc (CD-ROM) in response to the critical need to increase dental students' clinical exposure to patients with developmental disabilities. A content development team consisting of dental faculty members, parents of children with developmental disabilities, an individual with a developmental disability, and educational specialists developed the interactive, virtual-patient module. The module focused on a young man with congenital deafblindness presenting as a new patient with a painful molar. Students were required to make decisions regarding clinical interactions throughout the module. Differences in both comfort and knowledge level were measured pre- and post-module completion, as well as the dental students' overall satisfaction with the learning experience. Significant results were obtained in students' perceived comfort and knowledge base. Participants reported overall satisfaction using the modules. This study demonstrated that an interactive, multi-media (CD-ROM), virtual patient learning module for dental students could be an effective tool in providing students needed clinical exposure to patients with developmental disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Sanders
- Human Development Institute, University of Kentucky, USA.
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Sanders CL, Kleinert HL, Free T, Slusher I, Clevenger K, Johnson S, Boyd SE. Caring for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: virtual patient instruction improves students' knowledge and comfort level. J Pediatr Nurs 2007; 22:457-66. [PMID: 18036466 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2007.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Revised: 06/26/2007] [Accepted: 07/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nurses play a vital role in providing health care to children with developmental disability (DD) throughout the United States. Unfortunately, most nurses continue to report that they receive little or no clinical education in the area of DDs. In response to this need, a core development team consisting of nurse practitioners and nursing faculty from three universities, one physician assistant faculty, parents of children with DD, and educational specialists developed two multimedia (virtual patient) pediatric instructional modules in CD-ROM format--one involving a child with Down syndrome, and the other involving an infant born at 26 weeks' gestation. Participants were required to make clinical decisions throughout the cases. The modules on CD were piloted with nursing students from three universities. Results of the effectiveness study demonstrated significant gains in knowledge and comfort level regarding the care of children with DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla L Sanders
- Human Development Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40509, USA.
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Furmonaviciene R, Ghaemmaghami AM, Boyd SE, Jones NS, Bailey K, Willis AC, Sewell HF, Mitchell DA, Shakib F. The protease allergen Der p 1 cleaves cell surface DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR: experimental analysis of in silico substrate identification and implications in allergic responses. Clin Exp Allergy 2007; 37:231-42. [PMID: 17250696 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02651.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cysteine protease Der p 1 from the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is one of the most potent allergens known. An attractive mechanism for a component of Der p 1 allergenicity lies in its ability to cleave key regulatory molecules from leucocyte surfaces, subverting cellular function and driving abnormal immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses. OBJECTIVE Although CD23, CD25 and CD40 have already been identified as major Der p 1 targets, other significant substrates may also exist. METHODS To investigate this, knowledge of the proteolytic properties of Der p 1 was used to perform in silico digestion of human dendritic cell surface proteins, using the prediction of protease specificity (PoPS) bioinformatics tool, in conjunction with cellular in vitro analysis and cleavage site determination. RESULTS Targets identified included DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR, two C-type lectins implicated mostly in pathogen trafficking. Treatment of positively expressing cells with Der p 1 led to loss of detectable surface DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR. Digestion of purified soluble recombinant DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR, followed by N-terminal sequencing and MALDI mass spectrometry, indicated in each case one major cleavage site and several minor sites, the former correlating well with Der p 1 enzymology and the folded state of the substrate proteins. Loss of DC-SIGN from the cell surface led to reduced binding of intracellular adhesion molecule-3, an endogenous DC-SIGN ligand expressed on naïve T cells which is thought to be involved in T-helper type 1 cytokine signalling. CONCLUSION These data provide evidence of lectin involvement in the initiation of the allergic response and the value of using genome-wide in silico digestion tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Furmonaviciene
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, School of Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Boyd SE, Harding MM, Buys IE, Hambley TW. Synthesis and Structure of Diacetato-[1-benzyloxy-1,1-bis(N-methylimdazol-2-yl)ethane]zinc(II). Aust J Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1071/ch9931307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and single-crystal X-ray structure determination of the title compound are described. The crystals are monoclinic, P21/c, a 10.064(2), b 13.096(2), c 17.722(3) Ǻ, β 104.68(2)°; the structure was refined to a residual of 0.033 for 3138 independent observed reflections. The coordination about zinc is intermediate between four- and five-coordinate, and the angle between the planar imidazole groups is 14.9°.
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