1
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Lambert S, Schaffler JL, Ould Brahim L, Belzile E, Laizner AM, Folch N, Rosenberg E, Maheu C, Ciofani L, Dubois S, Gélinas-Phaneuf E, Drouin S, Leung K, Tremblay S, Clayberg K, Ciampi A. The effect of culturally-adapted health education interventions among culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) patients with a chronic illness: A meta-analysis and descriptive systematic review. Patient Educ Couns 2021; 104:1608-1635. [PMID: 33573916 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the effectiveness of health education interventions adapted for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations with a chronic illness. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Eligible studies were identified across six databases. Data were extracted and intervention effect was summarized using standardized mean difference. If there were insufficient data for meta-analysis, a descriptive summary was included. Modifying effects of intervention format, length, intensity, provider, self-management skills taught, and behavioral change techniques (BCTs) utilized were examined. RESULTS 58 studies were reviewed and data were extracted for 36 outcomes. Most interventions used multiple modes of delivery and were facilitated by bilingual health care professionals (HCPs). On average, interventions included 5.19 self-management skills and 4.82 BCTs. Interventions were effective in reducing BMI, cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, HbA1C, and depression, and in increasing knowledge. Effectiveness was influenced partly by provider, with HCPs favored over lay providers or paraprofessionals in increasing knowledge; however, the opposite was noted for HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS Health education interventions are effective among CALD populations, particularly at improving objective, distal outcomes (e.g., anthropometric measures). These interventions may be equally effective in improving proximal patient-reported outcomes (PROs); however, diversity in PROs limited analyses. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Core outcome sets (COS) are needed to further investigate and compare health education intervention effectiveness on PROs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Lambert
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Canada; St. Mary's Research Centre, Montréal, Canada.
| | | | - Lydia Ould Brahim
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Canada; St. Mary's Research Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | | | | | - Nathalie Folch
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Christine Maheu
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Luisa Ciofani
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sylvie Dubois
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Susan Drouin
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Katerina Leung
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sarah Tremblay
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Antonio Ciampi
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Canada; St. Mary's Research Centre, Montréal, Canada
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2
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Wickerd G, Tremblay S. Readability of English and Spanish forms of two adaptive behavior rating scales. Psychology in the Schools 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garry Wickerd
- Department of Educational and School Psychology University of Southern Maine Gorham Maine USA
| | - Sarah Tremblay
- Department of Educational and School Psychology University of Southern Maine Gorham Maine USA
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3
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Tremblay S, Girard R, Noll C, Carpentier A, Boudreau F. A267 ROLE OF INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL NUCLEAR RECEPTOR HNF4A DURING METABOLIC DISORDERS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz047.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
HNF4α belongs to the hormone nuclear receptor family and is expressed in liver, intestinal epithelium and pancreas where it regulates genes involved in the control of metabolism. Inactivating mutations in the HNF4A gene cause several forms of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). However, the specific deletion of Hnf4a in mouse pancreatic beta cells does not lead to diabetes, suggesting the contribution of other tissues, such as the intestine, are necessary for the progression of the disease.
Aims
Our main hypothesis was that intestinal epithelial HNF4α regulates gene products that act through a paracrine mode of communication in the context of glucose metabolism. The aims of this study were to investigate the impact of deleting Hnf4a in the mouse intestinal epithelium during glucose homeostasis and to identify molecular mechanisms involved during glucose-induced obesity resistance.
Methods
The Villin-Cre recombinase transgenic mouse model was used to conditionally delete Hnf4a in the intestinal epithelium (Hnf4adeltaIEC). Hnf4adeltaIEC mice were put on a high sugar diet for 8 to 12 weeks, using a 30% sucrose supplemented ab lithium water. Blood glucose values in controls and mutants were measured from whole venous blood from fasted mice or during glucose and insulin tolerance tests. Mouse serum hormone levels (Ghrelin, Fibroblast-growth factor-15 (Fgf15), Insulin, Cholecystokinin (CCK), etc.) were measured using mouse ELISA kits. The Promethion High-Definition Room Calorimetry System was used for indirect calorimetry and metabolic studies.
Results
Both male and female Hnf4adeltaIEC mice displayed a metabolic resistance to develop obesity under sucrose supplementation when compared to control mice. While male mutant mice showed a resistance to obesity after only 2 weeks of treatment, female mutant mice took at least 6 weeks to display some resistance. The gut hormones ghrelin and Fgf15 were also found modified in fasted mutant mice. Female mutant mice presented a significant increase of 1.8 fold in circulating Fgf15 and an increase of 1.4 fold in circulating ghrelin. Similar changes were observed in male mutant mice. However, only male mutant mice presented an insulin resistance and an oral glucose tolerance after between 6 and 8 weeks. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) whitening was observed after 8 weeks of sucrose treatment in control obese animals, a condition that was prevented in Hnf4adeltaIEC mice.
Conclusions
The identification of paracrine intestinal targets for HNF4α in association with glucose metabolism will provide a better understanding of the molecular nature of tissues crosstalk in energy balance and in metabolism disorders including diabetes and obesity.
Funding Agencies
CIHR
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tremblay
- Université of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - R Girard
- Université of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - C Noll
- Université of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - A Carpentier
- Université of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - F Boudreau
- Université of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Woodle E, Tremblay S, Brailey P, Girnita A, Alloway R, Aronow B, Dasgupta N, Ebstein F, Kloetzel P, Lee M, Kim K, Singh H, Driscoll J. Proteasomal adaptations underlying carfilzomib-resistance in human bone marrow plasma cells. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:399-410. [PMID: 31595669 PMCID: PMC6984988 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) have a deleterious effect on allografts and remain a major immunologic barrier in transplantation. Current therapies to eliminate DSAs are ineffective in highly HLA-sensitized patients. Proteasome inhibitors have been employed as a strategy to target bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs), the source of long-term antibody production; however, their efficacy has been limited by poorly defined drug-resistance mechanisms. Here, we performed transcriptomic profiling of CD138+ BMPCs that survived in vivo desensitization therapy with the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib to identify mechanisms of drug resistance. The results revealed a genomic signature that included increased expression of the immunoproteasome, a highly specialized proteasomal variant. Western blotting and functional studies demonstrated that catalytically active immunoproteasomes and the immunoproteasome activator PA28 were upregulated in carfilzomib-resistant BMPCs. Carfilzomib-resistant BMPCs displayed reduced sensitivity to the proteasome inhibitors carfilzomib, bortezomib, and ixazomib, but enhanced sensitivity to an immunoproteasome-specific inhibitor ONX-0914. Finally, in vitro carfilzomib treatment of BMPCs from HLA-sensitized patients increased levels of the immunoproteasome β5i (PSMB8) catalytic subunit suggesting that carfilzomib therapy directly induces an adaptive immunoproteasome response. Taken together, our results indicate that carfilzomib induces structural changes in proteasomes and immunoproteasome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.S. Woodle
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA,Corresponding authors: E. Steve Woodle, MD; James J. Driscoll, MD, PhD; driscojs@ UCMAIL.UC.EDU
| | - S. Tremblay
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA,Department of Environmental Health, Division of Epidemiology, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - P. Brailey
- Hoxworth Blood Center, Transplant Immunology Division, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - A. Girnita
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA,Hoxworth Blood Center, Transplant Immunology Division, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - R.R. Alloway
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - B. Aronow
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - N. Dasgupta
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - F. Ebstein
- Institute for Biochemistry, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - P.M. Kloetzel
- Institute for Biochemistry, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M.J. Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - K.B. Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - H. Singh
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - J.J. Driscoll
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA,University of Cincinnati Cancer Institute, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA,Corresponding authors: E. Steve Woodle, MD; James J. Driscoll, MD, PhD; driscojs@ UCMAIL.UC.EDU
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5
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Schaffler JL, Tremblay S, Laizner AM, Lambert S. Developing education materials for caregivers of culturally and linguistically diverse patients: Insights from a qualitative analysis of caregivers' needs, access and understanding of information. Health Expect 2019; 22:444-456. [PMID: 30767349 PMCID: PMC6543161 DOI: 10.1111/hex.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To explore the information needs of caregivers of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) patients, and how they access and understand health information related to the management of their care person's chronic illness(es). Background Caregivers of CALD patients experience greater unmet needs compared to the general caregiver population. They experience many challenges in identifying resources and accessing formal supports to aid in self‐management behaviours. Methods Eleven caregivers were recruited from outpatient clinics in Québec, Canada. Consenting caregivers participated in one face‐to‐face or phone interview. A qualitative descriptive design and inductive content analysis were used to identify themes. Results Caregivers described a “village” approach to caregiving in which more than one individual was involved in patient care. The specific roles ascribed to caregivers defined their information needs. Caregivers described two categories of information needs: perceived and unperceived. Perceived information needs were explicit, and centred on the medical management of illnesses. Unperceived needs were unrecognized knowledge gaps that emerged during interviews and focused on self‐care. Conclusion Although caregivers' perceived needs are often met, their unperceived needs remain unmet. Health‐care providers should perform need assessments to identify caregivers' unperceived needs, with the aims of providing culturally competent care and ongoing support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Schaffler
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sarah Tremblay
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Andréa M Laizner
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Lambert
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,St. Mary's Research Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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6
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Gagné-Sansfacon J, Langlois A, Langlois MJ, Coulombe G, Tremblay S, Vaillancourt-Lavigueur V, Qu CK, Menendez A, Rivard N. The tyrosine phosphatase Shp-2 confers resistance to colonic inflammation by driving goblet cell function and crypt regeneration. J Pathol 2018; 247:135-146. [PMID: 30376595 PMCID: PMC6519201 DOI: 10.1002/path.5177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Src homology‐2 domain‐containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP‐2) regulates many cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation and survival. Polymorphisms in the gene encoding SHP‐2 are associated with an increased susceptibility to develop ulcerative colitis. We recently reported that intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)‐specific deletion of Shp‐2 in mice (Shp‐2IEC‐KO) leads to chronic colitis and colitis‐associated cancer. This suggests that SHP‐2‐dependent signaling protects the colonic epithelium against inflammation and colitis‐associated cancer development. To verify this hypothesis, we generated mice expressing the Shp‐2 E76K activated form specifically in IEC. Our results showed that sustained Shp‐2 activation in IEC increased intestine and crypt length, correlating with increased cell proliferation and migration. Crypt regeneration capacity was also markedly enhanced, as revealed by ex vivo organoid culture. Shp‐2 activation alters the secretory cell lineage, as evidenced by increased goblet cell numbers and mucus secretion. Notably, these mice also demonstrated elevated ERK signaling in IEC and exhibited resistance against both chemical‐ and Citrobacter rodentium‐induced colitis. In contrast, mice with IEC‐specific Shp‐2 deletion displayed reduced ERK signaling and rapidly developed chronic colitis. Remarkably, expression of an activated form of Braf in Shp‐2‐deficient mice restored ERK activation, goblet cell production and prevented colitis. Altogether, our results indicate that chronic activation of Shp‐2/ERK signaling in the colonic epithelium confers resistance to mucosal erosion and colitis. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gagné-Sansfacon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Ariane Langlois
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Langlois
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Geneviève Coulombe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Sarah Tremblay
- Department of Microbiology and Infectiology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Vanessa Vaillancourt-Lavigueur
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Cheng-Kui Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alfredo Menendez
- Department of Microbiology and Infectiology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Nathalie Rivard
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
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7
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Malo J, Martin B, Fortin G, Morin C, Brochet M, Tremblay S, Codsi E, Ferreira E. Antenatal Baclofen Exposure–Is a Prophylactic Neonatal Treatment Necessary? Reprod Toxicol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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8
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Stahl M, Tremblay S, Montero M, Vogl W, Xia L, Jacobson K, Menendez A, Vallance BA. The Muc2 mucin coats murine Paneth cell granules and facilitates their content release and dispersion. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G195-G205. [PMID: 29698056 PMCID: PMC6139647 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00264.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Paneth cells are a key subset of secretory epithelial cells found at the base of small intestinal crypts. Unlike intestinal goblet cells, which secrete the mucin Muc2, Paneth cells are best known for producing an array of antimicrobial factors. We unexpectedly identified Muc2 staining localized around Paneth cell granules. Electron microscopy (EM) confirmed an electron lucent halo around these granules, which was lost in Paneth cells from Muc2-deficient (-/-) mice. EM and immunostaining for lysozyme revealed that Muc2-/- Paneth cells contained larger, more densely packed granules within their cytoplasm, and we detected defects in the transcription of key antimicrobial genes in the ileal tissues of Muc2-/- mice. Enteroids derived from the small intestine of wild-type and Muc2-/- mice revealed phenotypic differences in Paneth cells similar to those seen in vivo. Moreover, lysozyme-containing granule release from Muc2-/- enteroid Paneth cells was shown to be impaired. Surprisingly, Paneth cells within human ileal and duodenal tissues were found to be Muc2 negative. Thus Muc2 plays an important role in murine Paneth cells, suggesting links in function with goblet cells; however human Paneth cells lack Muc2, highlighting that caution should be applied when linking murine to human Paneth cell functions. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrate for the first time that murine Paneth cell granules possess a halo comprised of the mucin Muc2. The presence of Muc2 exerts an impact on Paneth cell granule size and number and facilitates the release and dispersal of antimicrobials into the mucus layer. Interestingly, despite the importance of Muc2 in murine Paneth cell function, our analysis of Muc2 in human intestinal tissues revealed no trace of Muc2 expression by human Paneth cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Stahl
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children’s Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah Tremblay
- 2Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marinieve Montero
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children’s Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wayne Vogl
- 3Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lijun Xia
- 4Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Kevan Jacobson
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children’s Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alfredo Menendez
- 2Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bruce A. Vallance
- 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children’s Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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9
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Ringuette Goulet C, Bernard G, Tremblay S, Chabaud S, Bolduc S, Pouliot F. Exosomes Induce Fibroblast Differentiation into Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts through TGFβ Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1196-1204. [PMID: 29636362 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A particularly important tumor microenvironment relationship exists between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells. Fibroblasts, in response to cancer cells, become activated and exhibit myofibroblastic characteristics that favor invasive growth and metastasis. However, the mechanism by which cancer cells promote activation of healthy fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) is still not well understood. Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles that shuttle proteins and nucleic acids between cells to establish intercellular communication. Here, bladder cancer-derived exosomes were investigated to determine their role in the activation of healthy primary vesical fibroblasts. Exosomes released by bladder cancer cells are internalized by fibroblasts and promoted the proliferation and expression of CAF markers. In addition, cancer cell-derived exosomes contain TGFβ and in exosome-induced CAFs SMAD-dependent signaling is activated. Furthermore, TGFβ inhibitors attenuated CAF marker expression in healthy fibroblasts. Therefore, these data demonstrate that bladder cancer cells trigger the differentiation of fibroblasts to CAFs by exosomes-mediated TGFβ transfer and SMAD pathway activation. Finally, exosomal TGFβ localized inside the vesicle and contributes 53.4% to 86.3% of the total TGFβ present in the cancer cell supernatant. This study highlights a new function for bladder cancer exosomes as novel modulators of stromal cell differentiation.Implication: This study identifies exosomal TGFβ as new molecular mechanism involved in cancer-associated fibroblast activation. Mol Cancer Res; 16(7); 1196-204. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Ringuette Goulet
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada.,Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.,Laboratoire d'Urologie-Oncologie Expérimentale, Cancer Axis, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Bernard
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada.,Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah Tremblay
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada.,Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada.,Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Pouliot
- Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec, Canada. .,Laboratoire d'Urologie-Oncologie Expérimentale, Cancer Axis, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Canada
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10
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Schaffler J, Leung K, Tremblay S, Merdsoy L, Belzile E, Lambrou A, Lambert SD. The Effectiveness of Self-Management Interventions for Individuals with Low Health Literacy and/or Low Income: A Descriptive Systematic Review. J Gen Intern Med 2018; 33:510-523. [PMID: 29427178 PMCID: PMC5880764 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-017-4265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the burden of chronic illness increasing globally, self-management is a crucial strategy in reducing healthcare costs and increasing patient quality of life. Low income and low health literacy are both associated with poorer health outcomes and higher rates of chronic disease. Thus, self-management represents an important healthcare strategy for these populations. The purpose of this study is to review self-management interventions in populations with low income or low health literacy and synthesize the efficacy of these interventions. METHODS A systematic review of trials evaluating the efficacy of self-management interventions in populations with low income or low health literacy diagnosed with a chronic illness was conducted. Electronic databases were primarily searched to identify eligible studies. Data were extracted and efficacy summarized by self-management skills, outcomes, and content tailoring. RESULTS 23 studies were reviewed, with ten reporting an overall positive effect on at least one primary outcome. Effective interventions most often included problem-solving as well as taking action and/or resource utilization. A wide range of health-related outcomes were considered, were efficacious empowerment and disease-specific quality of life were found to be significant. The efficacy of interventions did not seem to vary by duration, format, or mode of delivery or whether these included individuals with low health literacy and/or low income. Tailoring did not seem to impact on efficacy. DISCUSSION Findings suggest that self-management interventions in populations with low income or low health literacy are most effective when three to four self-management skills are utilized, particularly when problem-solving is targeted. Healthcare providers and researchers can use these findings to develop education strategies and tools for populations with low income or low health literacy to improve chronic illness self-management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Schaffler
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Katerina Leung
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sarah Tremblay
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laura Merdsoy
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Eric Belzile
- St. Mary's Research Centre, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Angella Lambrou
- Schulich Library of Science and Engineering, McGill University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sylvie D Lambert
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada. .,St. Mary's Research Centre, Quebec, Montreal, Canada.
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11
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Chiolero A, Tremblay S, Delmas P, Scherrer F, Wuerzner G, Burnier M, Santschi V. Interprofessional education in hypertension: foundation for a team-based care culture. Eur J Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx189.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Chiolero
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Tremblay
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Delmas
- La Source, School of Nursing Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Scherrer
- La Source, School of Nursing Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G Wuerzner
- Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Burnier
- Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - V Santschi
- La Source, School of Nursing Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Tremblay S, Côté NML, Grenier G, Duclos-Lasnier G, Fortier LC, Ilangumaran S, Menendez A. Ileal antimicrobial peptide expression is dysregulated in old age. Immun Ageing 2017; 14:19. [PMID: 28855949 PMCID: PMC5575895 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-017-0101-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to understand the mechanisms underlying the high prevalence of gastrointestinal tract disorders in old age, we investigated the expression of intestinal antimicrobial peptides in the terminal small intestine of aged mice. Our results show that old mice have reduced transcript levels of ileal α-defensins and lysozyme, two important types of intestinal antimicrobial peptides produced by Paneth cells. In contrast, expression of the C-type lectins Reg3b and Reg3g, as well as β-defensin 1, angiogenin 4 and Relmb, which are made by several epithelial cell types, was significantly upregulated in aged animals suggesting an ongoing response to epithelial distress. Those changes in antimicrobial peptide gene expression associated with histological damage of the ileal epithelium and subtle modifications in the composition of the commensal microbiota. Our findings suggest that dysregulation of antimicrobial peptides expression is a feature of homeostasis disruption in the aged intestine and may contribute to geriatric gastrointestinal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tremblay
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1E 4K8 Canada
| | - Nathalie Marie Louise Côté
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1E 4K8 Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1E 4K8 Canada
| | - Guillaume Grenier
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1E 4K8 Canada
| | - Gabriella Duclos-Lasnier
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1E 4K8 Canada
| | - Louis-Charles Fortier
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1E 4K8 Canada
| | - Subburaj Ilangumaran
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1E 4K8 Canada
| | - Alfredo Menendez
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1E 4K8 Canada
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Farley St-Amand B, DTrottier E, Autmizguine J, Tremblay S, Vincent M, Chevalier I, Gouin S. THE EFFICACY OF HIGH DOSE CEPHALEXIN IN THE OUTPATIENT MANAGEMENT OF MODERATE CELLULITIS FOR PEDIATRIC PATIENTS. Paediatr Child Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxx086.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Bussieres JF, Héraut MK, Duong MT, Elchebly C, Yu WT, Kleiber N, Lebel D, Metras ME, Tremblay S. PATIENT ACCESS TO COMPOUNDED DRUGS IN PEDIATRICS AFTER DISCHARGE FROM A TERTIARY CENTER. Paediatr Child Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxx086.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tremblay S, Nigro V, Woodle ES, Alloway RR. Reply to "Fluctuation Does Not Mean Variability: A Pharmacokinetic Point of View". Am J Transplant 2017; 17:1693. [PMID: 28248455 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Tremblay
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - V Nigro
- Veloxis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Edison, NJ
| | - E S Woodle
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - R R Alloway
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kidney C.A.R.E Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
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Hannah R, Tremblay S, Rocchi L, Rothwell J. Dependence of short-interval intracortical inhibition on conditioning pulse duration. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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17
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Hannah R, Cavanagh S, Tremblay S, Simeoni S, Rothwell J. P159 Specific and non-specific inhibition of interneurons circuits during motor preparation and suppression. Clin Neurophysiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.10.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Tremblay S, Nigro V, Weinberg J, Woodle ES, Alloway RR. A Steady-State Head-to-Head Pharmacokinetic Comparison of All FK-506 (Tacrolimus) Formulations (ASTCOFF): An Open-Label, Prospective, Randomized, Two-Arm, Three-Period Crossover Study. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:432-442. [PMID: 27340950 PMCID: PMC5297985 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This two-sequence, three-period crossover study is the first pharmacokinetic (PK) study to compare all three innovator formulations of tacrolimus (twice-daily immediate-release tacrolimus capsules [IR-Tac]; once-daily extended-release tacrolimus capsules [ER-Tac]; novel once-daily tacrolimus tablets [LCPT]). Stable renal transplant patients were dosed with each drug for 7 days, and blood samples were obtained over 24 h. Thirty subjects were included in the PK analysis set. A conversion factor of 1:1:0.80 for IR-Tac:ER-Tac:LCPT was used; no dose adjustments were permitted during the study. The median (interquartile range) total daily dose was 6.0 (4.0-8.0) mg for IR-Tac and ER-Tac and 4.8 (3.3-6.3) for LCPT. Significantly higher exposure on a per milligram basis, lower intraday fluctuation and prolonged time (Tmax ) to peak concentration (Cmax ) were found for LCPT versus IR-Tac or ER-Tac. ER-Tac showed no differences versus IR-Tac in exposure, Cmax , Tmax or fluctuation. The observed exposure of IR-Tac was used to normalize exposure for LCPT and ER-Tac, resulting in the following recommended total daily dose conversion rates: IR-Tac:ER-Tac, +8%; IR-Tac:LCPT, -30%; ER-Tac:LCPT, -36%. After exposure normalization, Cmax was ~17% lower for LCPT than for IR-Tac or ER-Tac; Cmin was ~6% lower for LCPT compared with IR-Tac and 3% higher compared with ER-Tac.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Tremblay
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Nephrology and HypertensionUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH
| | - V. Nigro
- Veloxis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.EdisonNJ
| | | | - E. S. Woodle
- Department of SurgeryDivision of TransplantationUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH
| | - R. R. Alloway
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Nephrology and HypertensionUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH
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Abstract
Temporal awareness is key to successful decision making in a wide range of command and control situations, yet little explicit support to maintaining temporal awareness is provided by Decision Support Systems (DSS) for time-critical decisions. In the context of simulated weapon-target scheduling, the present study compared the decision support gained from two display formats: typical geospatial display and temporal display. The results demonstrated that the temporal display facilitates scheduling performance though its beneficial impact seems to require greater familiarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Rousseau
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- Informatique WGZ, Quebec, Canada
| | - S. Tremblay
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - D. Lafond
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- Informatique WGZ, Quebec, Canada
| | - F. Vachon
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - R. Breton
- Defence Research and Development Canada – Valcartier
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Abstract
The present study aims to investigate how teams respond to workload transition due to a sudden and unexpected event in a complex and dynamic command and control (C2) environment. The C3Fire microworld (Granlund, 1998), a forest fire-fighting simulation, is used to compare divisional (territory-specific) and functional (role-specific) teams. Workload transition is induced by the sudden appearance of a second fire. Results show that functional teams' performance decreases while their communication frequency increases following the workload transition. However, they are faster to detect the second fire. This pattern of results suggests that in the context of C2 environments, the impact of a workload escalation varies as a function of team structure (functional vs. divisional) and the type of task (fire detection vs. fire fighting).
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Affiliation(s)
- M.-E. Jobidon
- Defence Research and Development Canada — Valcartier
| | - R. Breton
- Defence Research and Development Canada — Valcartier
| | - R. Rousseau
- Defence Research and Development Canada — Valcartier
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - S. Tremblay
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
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Leroux A, Guérin A, Bussières JF, Lebel D, Tremblay S, Roy H, Métras ME, Beauchemin M, Bédard P. [Upgrading a pediatric pharmaceutical care service in Quebec]. Arch Pediatr 2016; 23:117-27. [PMID: 26795358 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical pharmacy has developed since the 1960s in North America, with large disparities in the presence of decentralized pharmacists in hospital units between healthcare programs. Decentralized pharmacists have been present in pediatrics since the 1970s. The main objective of this study was to describe the steps used to upgrade the pediatrics department's pharmaceutical care. METHODS A descriptive study was conducted to upgrade the pharmaceutical care provided by two full-time equivalents in two pediatric sectors including 81 beds of a tertiary mother-child hospital. The upgrade includes three steps: a structured literature review, a description of the department, and a description of the practice upgrades proposed by the research team, in consensus with the clinical pharmacy team. RESULTS Out of the 236 articles initially identified, 13 relevant articles were found on the role and impact of pharmacists in pediatrics. Nine pharmaceutical activities were supported by high-quality data. Following the literature review and concerted reflection, 15 improvements were identified as feasible without increasing the staff. CONCLUSION There are data on the impact of pharmacists in pediatrics. This descriptive study illustrates a method that was used to upgrade the pediatrics sector in a university mother-child health center.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leroux
- Département de pharmacie, unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5 Montréal, Canada
| | - A Guérin
- Département de pharmacie, unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5 Montréal, Canada
| | - J-F Bussières
- Département de pharmacie, unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5 Montréal, Canada; Faculté de pharmacie, université de Montréal, 2940, chemin de la Polytechnique, H3C 3J7 Montréal, Canada
| | - D Lebel
- Département de pharmacie, unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5 Montréal, Canada
| | - S Tremblay
- Département de pharmacie, unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5 Montréal, Canada
| | - H Roy
- Département de pharmacie, unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5 Montréal, Canada
| | - M-E Métras
- Département de pharmacie, unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5 Montréal, Canada
| | - M Beauchemin
- Département de pharmacie, unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5 Montréal, Canada
| | - P Bédard
- Département de pharmacie, unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5 Montréal, Canada.
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Giraudet L, Imbert JP, Bérenger M, Tremblay S, Causse M. The neuroergonomic evaluation of human machine interface design in air traffic control using behavioral and EEG/ERP measures. Behav Brain Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Moussa A, Luangxay Y, Tremblay S, Lavoie J, Aube G, Savoie E, Lachance C. 7: Neonatal Endotracheal Intubation Learned with Videolaryngoscope is Maintained with Classic Laryngoscope: Phase 2 of a Crossover Randomized Trial. Paediatr Child Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/20.5.e33a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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24
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Blanchette M, Gascon S, Tremblay S, Tremblay L, Guerin B, Lepage M, Lecomte R, Fortin D. ET-07 * DOES OSMOTIC BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER DISRUPTION ALLOWS EFFLUX PUMP SUBSTRATES DELIVERY TO THE TUMOR AND CNS? Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou255.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Tremblay S, Pieper F, Sachs A, Martinez-Trujillo J. Decoding the allocation of visual attention from prefrontal neural assemblies in behaving primates. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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26
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Moussa A, Luangxay Y, Tremblay S, Lavoie J, Aube G, Savoie E, Lachance C. 42: Videolaryngoscope vs Classic Laryngoscope in Teaching Neonatal Endotracheal Intubation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Paediatr Child Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/19.6.e35-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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27
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Rogers DJ, Collins C, Carroll R, Yager P, Cummings B, Raol N, Setlur J, Maturo S, Tremblay S, Quinones E, Noviski N, Hartnick CJ. Operation airway: the first sustainable, multidisciplinary, pediatric airway surgical mission. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2014; 123:726-33. [PMID: 24835243 DOI: 10.1177/0003489414534012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the development and implementation of the first sustainable, multidisciplinary, pediatric airway surgical mission in an underserved country. METHODS This prospective, qualitative study was conducted for the first 4 Operation Airway missions in Quito, Ecuador. The major goals of the missions were to assist children with aerodigestive abnormalities, create a sustainable program where the local team could independently provide for their own patient population, develop an educational curriculum and training program for the local team, and cultivate a collaborative approach to provide successful multidisciplinary care. RESULTS Twenty patients ages 4 months to 21 years were included. Twenty-three bronchoscopies, 5 salivary procedures, 2 tracheostomies, 1 T-tube placement, 1 tracheocutaneous fistula closure, 2 open granuloma excisions, and 6 laryngotracheal reconstructions (LTRs) were performed. All LTR patients were decannulated. A new type of LTR (1.5 stage) was developed to meet special mission circumstances. Two videofluoroscopic swallow studies and 40 bedside swallow evaluations were performed. One local pediatric otolaryngologist, 1 pediatric surgeon, 3 anesthesiologists, 7 intensivists, 16 nurses, and 2 speech-language pathologists have received training. More than 25 hours of lectures were given, and a website was created collaboratively for educational and informational dissemination (http://www.masseyeandear.org/specialties/pediatrics/pediatric-ent/airway/OperationAirway/). CONCLUSION We demonstrated the successful creation of the first mission stemming from a teaching institution with the goal of developing a sustainable, autonomous surgical airway program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J Rogers
- Pediatric Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Corey Collins
- Pediatric Anesthesiology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan Carroll
- Pediatric Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Phoebe Yager
- Pediatric Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian Cummings
- Pediatric Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nikhila Raol
- Pediatric Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer Setlur
- Pediatric Otolaryngology, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Stephen Maturo
- Pediatric Otolaryngology, Brook Army Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah Tremblay
- Speech-Language Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Natan Noviski
- Pediatric Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher J Hartnick
- Pediatric Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Durantin G, Gagnon JF, Tremblay S, Dehais F. Using near infrared spectroscopy and heart rate variability to detect mental overload. Behav Brain Res 2014; 259:16-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Romain G, Tremblay S, Arena ET, Antunes LCM, Covey S, Chow MT, Finlay BB, Menendez A. Enterohepatic bacterial infections dysregulate the FGF15-FGFR4 endocrine axis. BMC Microbiol 2013; 13:238. [PMID: 24165751 PMCID: PMC3818973 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-13-238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterohepatic bacterial infections have the potential to affect multiple physiological processes of the body. Fibroblast growth factor 15/19 (FGF15 in mice, FGF19 in humans) is a hormone that functions as a central regulator of glucose, lipid and bile acid metabolism. FGF15/19 is produced in the intestine and exert its actions on the liver by signaling through the FGFR4-βKlotho receptor complex. Here, we examined the in vivo effects of enterohepatic bacterial infection over the FGF15 endocrine axis. Results Infection triggered significant reductions in the intestinal expression of Fgf15 and its hepatic receptor components (Fgfr4 and Klb (βKlotho)). Infection also resulted in alterations of the expression pattern of genes involved in hepatobiliary function, marked reduction in gallbladder bile volumes and accumulation of hepatic cholesterol and triglycerides. The decrease in ileal Fgf15 expression was associated with liver bacterial colonization and hepatobiliary pathophysiology rather than with direct intestinal bacterial pathogenesis. Conclusions Bacterial pathogens of the enterohepatic system can disturb the homeostasis of the FGF15/19-FGFR4 endocrine axis. These results open up a possible link between FGF15/19-FGFR4 disruptions and the metabolic and nutritional disorders observed in infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alfredo Menendez
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Cancer Research Pavilion, Rm Z8-1072, 3201, rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8, Canada.
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Dussault S, Haddad P, Turgeon J, Tremblay S, Groleau J, Rivard A. Cigarette Smoke-Induced Impairment of Angiogenesis: Role of Micro RNAS. Can J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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31
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Dussault S, Turgeon J, Groleau J, Haddad P, Tremblay S, Rivard A. Fish Oil Improves the Paracrine and Functional Activities of Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Implications for Postnatal Neovascularization. Can J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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32
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Gulli RA, Tremblay S, Adamantidis AR, Martinez-Trujillo JC. Optogenetic stimulation of the frontal eye field in an awake, behaving monkey. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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33
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Tremblay S, Asquini L, Sachs A, Pieper F, Martinez J. Neuronal population activity in area 8a of macaques predicts saccade end point. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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34
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Doyle MC, Tremblay S, Dumais N. 15-Deoxy-Δ(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 inhibits IL-13 production in T cells via an NF-κB-dependent mechanism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 431:472-7. [PMID: 23333326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-13 is a cytokine produced by activated CD4(+) T cells that plays a critical role in promoting allergic responses and tumor cell growth. The 15-deoxy-Δ(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) is a natural ligand for the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), a known regulator of anti-inflammatory activities. We determined the effects of 15d-PGJ(2) on IL-13 expression in the Jurkat E6.1 T-cell line and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that treatment of activated T cells with 15d-PGJ(2) significantly decreased IL-13 mRNA transcription and secretion, respectively. This inhibition by 15d-PGJ(2) was independent of PPAR-γ since treatment with GW9662, an irreversible antagonist of the nuclear receptor, produced no effect. Our data also revealed the involvement of nuclear factor-κB in mediating 15d-PGJ(2)-dependent down regulation of IL-13 expression. Collectively, these results demonstrate the potential of 15d-PGJ(2) in attenuating expression and production of IL-13 in activated T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Doyle
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke (QC), Canada J1K 2R1
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Usvyat LA, Raimann J, Thijssen S, van der Sande FM, Kooman J, Levin NW, Kotanko P, Von Gersdorff G, Schaller M, Bayh I, Etter M, Grassmann A, Guinsburg A, Kooman J, Lam M, Marcelli D, Marelli C, Scatizzi L, Tashman A, Thijssen S, Toffelmire T, Usvyat L, Van der Sande F, Wang Y, Levin NW, Barth C, Kotanko P, Moffitt T, Moffitt T, Hariton F, Devlin M, Garrett P, Hannon-Fletcher M, Ekramzadeh M, Sohrabi Z, Salehi M, Fallahzadeh MK, Ayatollahi M, Geramizadeh B, Hassanzadeh J, Sagheb MM, Beberashvili I, Beberashvili I, Sinuani I, Azar A, Kadoshi H, Shapiro G, Feldman L, Averbukh Z, Weissgarten J, Abe Y, Watanabe M, Ito K, Sasatomi Y, Ogahara S, Nakashima H, Saito T, Witt S, Kunze R, Guth HJ, Skarabis H, Kunze R, Vienken J, Nowak P, Wilk R, Mamelka B, Prymont-Przyminska A, Zwolinska A, Sarniak A, Wlodarczyk A, Rysz J, Nowak D, Trajceska L, Dzekova-Vidimliski P, Gelev S, Arsov S, Sikole A, Sonikian M, Dona A, Skarakis I, Metaxaki P, Chiotis C, Papoutsis I, Karaitianou A, Spiliopoulou C, Marcelli D, Tashman A, Guinsburg A, Grassmann A, Barth C, Marelli C, Van der Sande FM, Von Gersdorff G, Bayh I, Kooman J, Scatizzi L, Lam M, Schaller M, Etter M, Thijssen S, Toffelmire T, Wang Y, Usvyat LA, Kotanko P, Levin NW, Teta D, Teta D, Tappy L, Theumann N, Halabi G, Gauthier T, Mathieu C, Tremblay S, Coti P, Burnier M, Zanchi A, Martinez Vea A, Cabre C, Villa D, Munoz M, Vives JP, Arruche M, Soler J, Compte MT, Aguilera J, Romeu M, Giralt M, Barril G, Anaya S, Vozmediano C, Celayeta A, Novillo R, Bernal V, Beiret I, Huarte E, Martin J, Santana H, Torres G, Sousa F, Sanchez R, Lopez-Montes A, Tornero F, Uson J, Pousa M, Giorgi M, Rdez Cubillo B, Malhotra R, Malhotra R, Usvyat L, Abbas SR, Thjissen S, Carter M, Etter M, Tashman A, Guinsburg A, Grassmann A, Barth C, Marelli C, Van der Sande F, von Gersdorff G, Bayh I, Kooman J, Scatizzi L, Lam M, Schaller M, Toffelmire T, Wang Y, Marcelli D, Levin N, Kotanko P, Jens R, Tepel M, Katharina E, Andrea H, Simone F, Florian S, Slusanschi O, Garneata L, Moraru R, Preoteasa E, Barbulescu C, Santimbrean C, Klein C, Dragomir D, Mircescu G, Idorn T, Knop F, Holst JJ, Hornum M, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Son YK, An WS, Kim SE, Kim KH, Garneata L, Slusanschi O, Preoteasa E, Barbulescu C, Santimbrean C, Klein C, Mircescu G, Borrelli S, Minutolo R, De Nicola L, Conte G, De Simone W, Zito B, Guastaferro P, Nigro F, Bassi A, Leone L, Credendino O, Genualdo R, Capuano M, Iulianiello G, Auricchio MR, Sezer S, Bal Z, Tutal E, Erkmen Uyar M, Ozdemir Acar FN, Ribeiro S, Faria MS, Melo F, Sereno J, Freitas I, Mendonca M, Nascimento H, Fernandes J, Rocha-Pereira P, Miranda V, Mendonca D, Quintanilha A, Belo L, Costa E, Reis F, Santos-Silva A, Valtuille R, Casos ME, Fernandez EA. Nutrition, inflammation and oxidative stress - CKD 5D. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pasvanis S, Tremblay S, Dumais N. High sodium butyrate levels induce MDR1 activation in colorectal cells: Impact of 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 on the resistance to saquinavir. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 418:609-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nugent S, Croteau E, Pifferi F, Fortier M, Tremblay S, Turcotte E, Cunnane SC. Brain and systemic glucose metabolism in the healthy elderly following fish oil supplementation. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2011; 85:287-91. [PMID: 21795034 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2011.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRg) is lower in individuals affected by cognitive decline and dementia, especially in Alzheimer's disease. However, as yet there is no consensus as to whether CMRg decreases during healthy aging. Epidemiological studies show that weekly consumption of fish abundant in ω3 fatty acids has a protective effect on cognition during aging. Thus, the primary objective of this human study was to use positron emission tomography analysis with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose to evaluate whether supplementation with a fish oil rich in ω3 fatty acids increases cerebral glucose metabolism in young or elderly adults. Healthy young (23±5y old; n=5) and elderly (76±3y old; n=6) women and men were included in the study. Semi-quantitative expression of the data as 'standardized uptake values' showed that elderly participants had significantly lower cerebral glucose metabolism compared with the young group. However, when expressed quantitatively a CMRg, there was no effect of age or ω3 supplementation on glucose metabolism in any of the brains regions studied. Higher plasma triglyceride levels and higher plasma insulin levels were associated with lower CMRg in several regions, suggesting that a trend towards the metabolic syndrome may be associated with cerebral hypometabolism. We conclude that under these experimental conditions, ω3 supplementation did not affect brain glucose metabolism in the healthy elderly. Future studies in this area should address whether glucose intolerance or other conditions linked to the metabolic syndrome impact negatively on brain glucose metabolism and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nugent
- Research Center on Aging, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que., Canada J1H 4C4
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Vachon F, Tremblay S, Nicholls AP, Jones DM. Exploiting the Auditory Modality in Decision Support: Beneficial "Warning" Effects and Unavoidable Costs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1071181311551292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lachaine M, Tremblay S, Lathuiliere F, Wallace HJ, Falco T. WE-D-220-05: Development of Autoscanning 3D Ultrasound Technology for Radiotherapy Simulation, Planning and IGRT. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3613359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Brisson B, Coll MP, Tremblay S. Complexity and similarity in visual memory. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/10.7.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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De Beaumont L, Théoret H, Mongeon D, Messier J, Leclerc S, Tremblay S, Ellemberg D, Lassonde M. Brain Function Decline in Healthy Retired Athletes who Sustained their Last Sports Concussion in Early Adulthood. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)70070-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Bradley G, Tremblay S, Irish J, MacMillan C, Baker G, Gullane P, Benchimol S. The expression of p53-induced protein with death domain (Pidd) and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2007; 96:1425-32. [PMID: 17437012 PMCID: PMC2360189 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pidd (p53-induced protein with death domain) gene was shown to be induced by the tumour suppressor p53 and to mediate p53-dependent apoptosis in mouse and human cells, through interactions with components of both the mitochondrial and the death receptor signalling pathways. To study the role of Pidd in clinical tumours, we measured its expression by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR in microdissected oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) with and without p53 mutation. Tumour cell apoptosis was assessed by in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling. Tumour proliferation was assessed by immunohistochemical staining for the Ki-67 antigen. We found a wide range of Pidd expression among OSCC. Statistical analysis revealed an association between Pidd expression and apoptotic index (Mann-Whitney test, P<0.001), consistent with a role of Pidd in apoptosis in this tumour type. Furthermore, we showed a positive correlation between apoptotic index and proliferative index that has not been previously described for OSCC. There was no correlation between Pidd expression and the p53 mutation status of these tumours, suggesting that Pidd expression may be regulated by p53-independent mechanisms. Further characterisation of these molecular defects in the control of proliferation and apoptosis should help in developing treatments that target OSCC according to their biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bradley
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Sanmartin C, Ross NA, Tremblay S, Wolfson M, Dunn JR, Lynch J. Labour market income inequality and mortality in North American metropolitan areas. J Epidemiol Community Health 2003; 57:792-7. [PMID: 14573584 PMCID: PMC1732288 DOI: 10.1136/jech.57.10.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate relations between labour market income inequality and mortality in North American metropolitan areas. METHODS An ecological cross sectional study of relations between income inequality and working age (25-64 years) mortality in 53 Canadian (1991) and 282 US (1990) metropolitan areas using four measures of income inequality. Two labour market income concepts were used: labour market income for households with non-trivial attachment to the labour market and labour market income for all households, including those with zero and negative incomes. Relations were assessed with weighted and unweighted bivariate and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS US metropolitan areas were more unequal than their Canadian counterparts, across inequality measures and income concepts. The association between labour market income inequality and working age mortality was robust in the US to both the inequality measure and income concept, but the association was inconsistent in Canada. Three of four inequality measures were significantly related to mortality in Canada when households with zero and negative incomes were included. In North American models, increases in earnings inequality were associated with hypothetical increases in working age mortality rates of between 23 and 33 deaths per 100 000, even after adjustment for median metropolitan incomes. CONCLUSIONS This analysis of labour market inequality provides more evidence regarding the robust nature of the relation between income inequality and mortality in the US. It also provides a more refined understanding of the nature of the relation in Canada, pointing to the role of unemployment in generating Canadian metropolitan level health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sanmartin
- Health Analysis and Measurement Group, Statistics Canada, RH Coats Building, 24th Floor Section R, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0T6.
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Fillion M, Pesant C, Khoury K, Cieuta-Walti C, Tremblay S. L Enc Phalopathie D Hashimoto : Une Entit M Connue. Paediatr Child Health 2002. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/7.suppl_a.36aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tremblay A, Tremblay S, Favis BD, Selmani A, L'Esperance G. Locating the Modifier in a Polymer Blend by Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00117a067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pérusse R, LaFlèche R, Tremblay S. Upper dental prosthesis instability consecutive to the resection of a cerebral tumor. Clin Anat 2001; 14:269-71. [PMID: 11424201 DOI: 10.1002/ca.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A 57-year-old female patient was evaluated for an unstable maxillary dental prosthesis. The patient stated that approximately 2 weeks prior to this consultation the prosthesis was relined four times. Despite this, it often had a tendency to shift during meals. On the other hand, she is very satisfied with a complete fixed prosthesis on implants in the mandibular arch. She has been wearing this latter lower prosthesis for the same length of time as the upper prosthesis. She indicated that a similar problem existed with the former upper prosthesis, resulting in her consulting a prosthodontist.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pérusse
- Faculty of Dentistry, Laval University, Québec, Canada
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Abstract
Memory for order is markedly impaired by the presence of irrelevant sound, even though participants are instructed to ignore the sound. Although a great deal of research has disclosed some features of the task and of the sound that augment or reduce the degree of interference, one important issue of the irrelevant sound effect not yet resolved is whether speech has a special status. This study revealed, within a design of adequate power, that the same physical stimulus (sine wave speech), whether perceived as speech or as nonspeech sound, produces similar degrees of disruption and is less disruptive of serial recall than natural speech. This outcome suggests that the acoustic constituents of sound rather than its source are most influential in determining the impact of irrelevant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tremblay
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
Irrelevant sound tends to break through selective attention and impair cognitive performance. This observation has been brought under systematic scrutiny by laboratory studies measuring interference with memory performance during exposure to irrelevant sound. These studies established that the degree of interference depends on the properties of the irrelevant sound as well as those of the cognitive task. The way in which this interference increases or diminishes as characteristics of the sound and of the cognitive task are changed reveals key functional characteristics of auditory distraction. A number of important practical implications that arise from these studies are discussed, including the finding that relatively quiet background sound will have a marked effect on efficiency in performing cognitive tasks.
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Abstract
Memory for order is markedly impaired by the presence of irrelevant sound, even though participants are instructed to ignore the sound. Although a great deal of research has disclosed some features of the task and of the sound that augment or reduce the degree of interference, one important issue of the irrelevant sound effect not yet resolved is whether speech has a special status. This study revealed, within a design of adequate power, that the same physical stimulus (sine wave speech), whether perceived as speech or as nonspeech sound, produces similar degrees of disruption and is less disruptive of serial recall than natural speech. This outcome suggests that the acoustic constituents of sound rather than its source are most influential in determining the impact of irrelevant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tremblay
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
We investigated what happens with the immune response when people come back for their booster dose of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine later than the recommended time of 6-12 months after the primary dose. We recruited a group of 124 travellers who received either the primary doses of Havrix 720 (two doses) or of Havrix 1440 (one dose) >/=24 months before study entry. They received a booster dose of Havrix 1440 and blood was drawn 1 month later. As a control group, we recruited a group of 125 travellers who followed a recommended schedule with a primary dose at month 0 and a booster dose at months 6-12. For both study groups, the GMTs increased dramatically and similarly upon the booster immunisation. Although significantly more late travellers (32%) had lost detectable antibodies than controls (11%) before administration of the booster dose, all these subjects showed an anamnestic response to the booster dose. Delaying the booster dose up to 66 months after primary vaccination did not seem to influence the immunogenicity of the booster dose. However, the recommended 6-12-month interval remains if detectable antibody titers are to be warranted constantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Landry
- Travel Clinic, University Medical Policlinic, Rue César-Roux 19, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
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