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Ghazali N, Rahman NA, Kannan TP, Ahmad A, Sulong S. Identification of copy neutral loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 1p, 1q, and 6p among nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or without cleft palate with hypodontia. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:945. [PMID: 38031027 PMCID: PMC10685534 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03464-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) with or without hypodontia is a common developmental aberration in humans and animals. This study aimed to identify the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) involved in hypodontia and NSCL/P pathogenesis. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study that conducted genome-wide copy number analysis using CytoScan 750K array on salivary samples from Malay subjects with NSCL/P with or without hypodontia aged 7-13 years. To confirm the significant results, simple logistic regression was employed to conduct statistical data analysis using SPSS software. RESULTS The results indicated the most common recurrent copy neutral LOH (cnLOH) observed at 1p33-1p32.3, 1q32.2-1q42.13 and 6p12.1-6p11.1 loci in 8 (13%), 4 (7%), and 3 (5%) of the NSCL/P subjects, respectively. The cnLOHs at 1p33-1p32.3 (D1S197), 1q32.2-1q42.13 (D1S160), and 6p12.1-6p11.1 (D1S1661) were identified observed in NSCL/P and noncleft children using microsatellite analysis markers as a validation analysis. The regions affected by the cnLOHs at 1p33-1p32.3, 1q32.2-1q42.13, and 6p12.1-6p11.1 loci contained selected genes, namely FAF1, WNT3A and BMP5, respectively. There was a significant association between the D1S197 (1p33-32.3) markers containing the FAF1 gene among NSCL/P subjects with or without hypodontia compared with the noncleft subjects (p-value = 0.023). CONCLUSION The results supported the finding that the genetic aberration on 1p33-32.3 significantly contributed to the development of NSCL/P with or without hypodontia. These results have an exciting prospect in the promising field of individualized preventive oral health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norliana Ghazali
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Normastura Abd Rahman
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Thirumulu Ponnuraj Kannan
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Azlina Ahmad
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Ahmad Zawawi SS, Mohd Azram NAS, Sulong S, Zakaria AD, Lee YY, Che Jalil NA, Musa M. Identification of AOC3 and LRRC17 as Colonic Fibroblast Activation Markers and Their Potential Roles in Colorectal Cancer Progression. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:3099-3107. [PMID: 37774061 PMCID: PMC10762737 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.9.3099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor stroma is linked to poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). CAF-cancer cell interplay, facilitated by secretomes including transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), supports fibroblast activation, drives colorectal carcinogenesis, and contributes to CRC aggressive phenotypes. Although widely used, traditional CAF biomarkers are found to have heterogeneous and non-specific expression. Amine oxidase copper containing 3 (AOC3) and leucine-rich repeat-containing 17 (LRRC17) have been reported to be emerging markers of myofibroblasts. AIM Our objective was to investigate the potential of AOC3 and LRRC17 as biomarkers for fibroblast activation thus predicting their roles in CRC progression. METHODS Immunofluorescence (IF) staining of AOC3 and LRRC17 was performed on myofibroblast line (CCD-112CoN), primary fibroblasts from colorectal tumor (CAFs), and adjacent normal tissue (normal fibroblasts-NFs). SW620 (epithelial CRC cell line) was used as a control. Conventional CAF biomarker (alpha-smooth muscle actin - α-SMA) was included in the IF analysis. Fluorescence intensity was compared between groups using ImageJ software. Proliferation and contractility of treated cells were assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and collagen gel contraction assays, respectively. Fibroblast contraction under TGF-β1 treatment was compared to those treated with complete medium (addition of 10% serum) and serum free (SF) medium. RESULTS Positive AOC3, LRRC17, and α-SMA expression were observed in colonic fibroblasts, more prominent in CAFs, whereas negative staining was found in SW620. Significant downregulation of AOC3, and upregulations in LRRC17 and α-SMA expression was found in TGF-β1-treated fibroblasts compared to SF medium treatment (p-value<0.05). All fibroblasts exhibited higher proliferation in complete medium and under treatment with conditioned medium from SW620 than SF medium. Significant contraction of NFs was recorded in complete medium and TGF-β1 (p-value<0.01). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate AOC3 and LRRC17 as the potential markers of CAF activation which promote CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia.
| | - Andee Dzulkarnaen Zakaria
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia.
| | - Yeong Yeh Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia.
| | - Nur Asyilla Che Jalil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia.
| | - Marahaini Musa
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia.
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Mat Lazim N, Yousaf A, Abusalah MAH, Sulong S, Mohd Ismail ZI, Mohamud R, Abu-Harirah HA, AlRamadneh TN, Hassan R, Abdullah B. The Epigenesis of Salivary Glands Carcinoma: From Field Cancerization to Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072111. [PMID: 37046772 PMCID: PMC10093474 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) are a diverse collection of malignant tumors with marked differences in biological activity, clinical presentation and microscopic appearance. Although the etiology is varied, secondary radiation, oncogenic viruses as well as chromosomal rearrangements have all been linked to the formation of SGCs. Epigenetic modifications may also contribute to the genesis and progression of SGCs. Epigenetic modifications are any heritable changes in gene expression that are not caused by changes in DNA sequence. It is now widely accepted that epigenetics plays an important role in SGCs development. A basic epigenetic process that has been linked to a variety of pathological as well as physiological conditions including cancer formation, is DNA methylation. Transcriptional repression is caused by CpG islands hypermethylation at gene promoters, whereas hypomethylation causes overexpression of a gene. Epigenetic changes in SGCs have been identified, and they have been linked to the genesis, progression as well as prognosis of these neoplasms. Thus, we conduct a thorough evaluation of the currently known evidence on the involvement of epigenetic processes in SGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhafiza Mat Lazim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Anam Yousaf
- Department of Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mai Abdel Haleem Abusalah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Al-Zarqa 13132, Jordan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zul Izhar Mohd Ismail
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hashem A. Abu-Harirah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Al-Zarqa 13132, Jordan
| | - Tareq Nayef AlRamadneh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Al-Zarqa 13132, Jordan
| | - Rosline Hassan
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Baharudin Abdullah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Wan Mohamad Zamri WN, Mohd Yunus N, Abdul Aziz AA, Zulkipli NN, Sulong S. Perspectives on the Application of Cytogenomic Approaches in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:964. [PMID: 36900108 PMCID: PMC10001075 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a haematological malignancy characterised by the accumulation of monoclonal mature B lymphocytes (positive for CD5+ and CD23+) in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. Although CLL is reported to be rare in Asian countries compared to Western countries, the disease course is more aggressive in Asian countries than in their Western counterparts. It has been postulated that this is due to genetic variants between populations. Various cytogenomic methods, either of the traditional type (conventional cytogenetics or fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH)) or using more advanced technology such as DNA microarrays, next generation sequencing (NGS), or genome wide association studies (GWAS), were used to detect chromosomal aberrations in CLL. Up until now, conventional cytogenetic analysis remained the gold standard in diagnosing chromosomal abnormality in haematological malignancy including CLL, even though it is tedious and time-consuming. In concordance with technological advancement, DNA microarrays are gaining popularity among clinicians as they are faster and better able to accurately diagnose the presence of chromosomal abnormalities. However, every technology has challenges to overcome. In this review, CLL and its genetic abnormalities will be discussed, as well as the application of microarray technology as a diagnostic platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nazihah Mohd Yunus
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Aizat Abdul Aziz
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Ninie Nadia Zulkipli
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 21300, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
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Hasbullah HH, Sulong S, Che Jalil NA, Abdul Aziz AA, Musa N, Musa M. KRAS Mutational Profiles among Colorectal Cancer Patients in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050822. [PMID: 36899966 PMCID: PMC10001354 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KRAS is a key driver gene in colorectal carcinogenesis. Despite this, there are still limited data on the mutational status of KRAS amongst colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in Malaysia. In the present study, we aimed to analyze the KRAS mutational profiles on codons 12 and 13 amongst CRC patients in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, located on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. METHODS DNA were extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues obtained from 33 CRC patients diagnosed between 2018 and 2019. Amplifications of codons 12 and 13 of KRAS were conducted using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Mutations were identified in 36.4% (12/33) of patients, with G12D (50%) being the most frequent single-point mutation observed, followed by G12V (25%), G13D (16.7%), and G12S (8.3%). No correlation was found between mutant KRAS and location of the tumor, staging, and initial carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level. CONCLUSION Current analyses revealed that a significant proportion of CRC patients in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia have KRAS mutations, where this frequency is higher compared to those in the West Coast. The findings of this study would serve as a precursor for further research that explores KRAS mutational status and the profiling of other candidate genes among Malaysian CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
| | - Nur Asyilla Che Jalil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Aizat Abdul Aziz
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
| | - Nurfadhlina Musa
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
| | - Marahaini Musa
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +609-7676794
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Ankathil R, Zakaria WNA, Rostenberghe HV, Ibrahim NR, Ramli N, Ismail SM, Mohd Nawi NA, Mat Zin NMZ, Ramli N, Abu Bakar Z, Rasudin NFS, Chia BH, Mohd Adam NA, Mohd Yunus N, Annuar AA, Sulong S, Alwi Z. Karyotype patterns, clinical features, and parental ages of three predominant live born autosomal trisomies of Northeast Malaysia. Malays J Pathol 2022; 44:235-244. [PMID: 36043586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal abnormality is one of the causes of congenital disorders among newborns. Despite aneuploidy being the major cause of first trimester miscarriages, very few aneuploidies such as trisomies of chromosomes 13, 18 and 21 survive to birth. The results of 4,064 patients referred for cytogenetic analysis at Human Genome Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia between 2008 and 2019 were reviewed. We retrospectively investigated the karyotype patterns, clinical features and parental ages of the three common live-born autosomal trisomies such as trisomy 13, trisomy 18 and trisomy 21. The relative frequency of cases with the total sample received and cultured was calculated in each group and compared with those reported elsewhere. Between 2008 and 2019, a total of 1034 live-born trisomic cases which accounted for 25.4% of the 4064 total referred cases and 73.7% of 1403 suspected trisomy cases, were identified, with age ranging from newborns to 57 years. Down syndrome was the commonest aneuploidy (857 cases; 21.1%) followed by Edwards syndrome (133 cases; 3.3%) and Patau syndrome (44 cases; 1.1%). The number of diagnosed cases for each of the trisomies was fairly stable from year to year. About two-thirds of both maternal and paternal ages were ≥ 35 years. This is the first cytogenetic report on the common live-born autosomal trisomies in the North-Eastern region of Malaysia. The prevalence of trisomies 21 was found to be higher compared to an earlier study in the North-Western region of Malaysia, wherein also, advanced maternal age was a significant risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ankathil
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - W N A Zakaria
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - H V Rostenberghe
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N R Ibrahim
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N Ramli
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - S M Ismail
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N A Mohd Nawi
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N M Z Mat Zin
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N Ramli
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Z Abu Bakar
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N F S Rasudin
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - B H Chia
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N A Mohd Adam
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N Mohd Yunus
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - A A Annuar
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - S Sulong
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Z Alwi
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Human Genome Centre, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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yousaf A, Sulong S, Abdullah B, Lazim NM. Heterogeneity of Genetic Landscapes in Salivary Gland Tumors and Their Critical Roles in The Current Management. Medeni Med J 2022; 37:194-202. [PMID: 35735183 PMCID: PMC9234367 DOI: 10.4274/mmj.galenos.2022.63139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland neoplasms (SGNs) are rare and heterogeneous tumors in the head and neck region. Although progress has been recently made in revealing the molecular landscape of salivary glands tumors, it is limited and appears to be the tip of the iceberg. Some genetic aberrations include chromosomal translocations, such as CRTC1/3-MAML2 in mucoepidermoid carcinoma, g MYB-NFIB gene fusions in adenoid cystic carcinoma, and PLAG1-HMGA2 gene changes in pleomorphic adenoma and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. These chromosomal translocations provide fresh insights into the molecular etiology of diverse SGNs and aid in their classification and in approaching treatment. In future, these genetic variations may serve as critical tools for diagnosing salivary gland tumors and optimizing the management as well as prognosis of patients. This review presents the most recent advances in the molecular pathology of salivary gland cancers, with an emphasis on distinguishing molecular features that can be used for optimizing current patient management.
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Mohamad Shah NS, Wan Sulaiman WA, Sulong S, Halim AS. Downregulation of WNT8A, LRP5, LRP6 and FGF8 in Malay Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate Patients. SAINS MALAYS 2021. [DOI: 10.17576/jsm-2021-5011-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) is a one of the most common birth defects occurs as a result of multi-factorial determinants such as genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factor has been studying widely across different population in identifying genes causing cleft defects. This study aims to validate the role of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and signalling molecules Wingless-type (Wnt) to the occurrence of cleft lip and/or palate among Malay population. Tissue skin was obtained from consented NSCL/P patients who underwent the cleft lip repair operation at the upper lip skin area and non NSCL/P individual was obtained from patient having traumatic injury at the lip area as a control. Expression pattern of FGF8, FGF10, Wnt8a, and LRP5/6 were tested and validated using Western Blot (WB) and quantitative Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (qRT-PCR). The fold change difference of FGF8 (0.614 ± 0.1012-fold), FGF10 (0.7188 ± 0.1017-fold) and Wnt8a protein (0.9051 ± 0.0142-fold) was downregulated by 1-fold in cleft lip (CL) tissues compared to the normal meanwhile LRP5/6 protein (1.2201 ± 0.1404-fold) was found upregulated by 1-fold. Validation testing confirmed that expression of FGF8 (p=0.014), Wnt8a (0.0762 ± 0.0227), LRP5 (0.3577 ± 0.1362) and LRP6 (0.3093 ± 0.2541) were significantly reduced in CL tissues compared to normal. This is the first study identified defective regulation of Wnt8a, LRP5, LRP6 and FGF8 in NSCL/P among Malays. These novel findings clearly explained the important role of growth factors FGF and Wnt signalling pathway in lip and palate formation during craniofacial development.
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Thangavelu L, Che Mat Nor SM, Abd Aziz D, Sulong S, Tin A, Ahmad Tajudin LS. Genetic Markers PLEKHA7, ABCC5, and KALRN Are Not Associated With the Progression of Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma (PACG) in Malays. Cureus 2021; 13:e18823. [PMID: 34804680 PMCID: PMC8592120 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction PLEKHA7, ABCC5, and KALRN have been identified as susceptible genetic markers related to glaucoma. We aimed to investigate the association between the identified susceptible genetic markers PLEKHA7 rs11024102, ABCC5 rs17217796, and KALRN rs1392912 in the progression of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) in Malay patients. Methods For this study, 163 Malay patients with PACG were recruited from April 2015 to April 2017 at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia and Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kota Bharu. Venesection was performed. DNA was extracted using a commercial DNA extraction kit. The primer was optimized for rs11024102, rs17217796, and rs1392912 of the PLEKHA7, ABCC5, and KALRN genes, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed, and PCR products were purified. A DNA sequencer was used to identify polymorphisms. Progression was based on the agreement between the Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study scoring system and the Hodapp-Parrish and Anderson staging system. The scoring was conducted on two reliable consecutive Humphrey visual fields (HVFs) during the recruitment period and two baseline HVFs obtained when the diagnosis was made. Based on the scoring, patients were grouped into progressed and non-progressed. A chi-square test was used to analyze the association between the genetic markers and the progression of PACG. Results One hundred and sixty-three Malay patients with PACG (58 men and 105 women) were recruited. Twenty-nine patients (18%) had visual field progression of PACG after a mean (SD) follow-up of 6.0 (1.0) years. The minor allele frequencies for PLEKHA7 rs11024102 (G/A), ABCC5 rs17217796 (C/G), and KALRN rs1392912 (A/G) were 0.44, 0.08, and 0.48, respectively. We found that rs11024102 (p=0.828), rs17217796 (p=0.865), and rs1392912 (p=0.684) were not associated with PACG progression in the Malay patients. Conclusion Although PLEKHA7 and ABCC5 were found to be genetic markers associated with the risk of PACG, they played no roles in PACG progression in the Malay population. Moreover, KALRN was not significantly associated with PACG progression. Other susceptible genetic markers may be responsible for PACG progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lathalakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kelantan, MYS
| | - Sarah Murniati Che Mat Nor
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kelantan, MYS
| | - Darwish Abd Aziz
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kelantan, MYS
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kelantan, MYS
| | - Aung Tin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, SGP
| | - Liza Sharmini Ahmad Tajudin
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kelantan, MYS
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Kasiram MZ, Hapidin H, Abdullah H, Hashim NM, Azlina A, Sulong S. Tannic acid enhances cisplatin effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cell line (U2OS). Pharmacol Rep 2021; 74:175-188. [PMID: 34652600 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00330-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increase in cases of chemoresistance of cisplatin for osteosarcoma treatment has called for the need to establish a new treatment regime. Tannic acid (TA) possesses a potent antiproliferative effect against various cancers. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of TA combined with cisplatin on human osteosarcoma cell lines (U2OS). METHODS MTT assay was used to determine the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), while the combination index (CI) value was utilized to analyze the interaction within each combination. The antiproliferative effect of the treatment was evaluated by trypan blue exclusion assay. The morphological changes of cells were observed under a phase-contrast inverted microscope. The nuclear morphology and percentage of apoptosis cells were evaluated by using the Hoechst 33258 staining and annexin V/PI assay, respectively. RESULTS The U2OS cells showed cytotoxic effect when treated with TA and cisplatin, with IC50 at 4.47 µg/mL and 16.25 µg/mL, respectively. The TA demonstrated no significant inhibition effect on the normal human fetal osteoblast cells (hFOB 1.19); yet, interestingly, a potent proliferative effect was indicated. Synergistic interaction was triggered when TA was combined with cisplatin at percentage ratios of 90:10 and 85:15. Meanwhile, antagonistic interaction was induced in the combination at percentage ratios of 75:25 and 50:50. On the other hand, a significant antiproliferative effect with prominent morphological alteration was detected in the cells treated with a combination of TA and cisplatin at the percentage ratio of 90:10. Additionally, combination-treated cells demonstrated the highest percentage of apoptosis cells, with distinct chromosomal condensation, nuclear fragmentation, reduction of nuclear volume, and notable apoptotic body. CONCLUSION Therefore, there is a high potential for the inclusion of TA in the cisplatin-based chemotherapeutic regimen of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Zahid Kasiram
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hermizi Hapidin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Hasmah Abdullah
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nor Munira Hashim
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Azlina
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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11
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Abstract
Background:
Osteosarcoma is the most common type of primary bone tumor in children
and adolescents, which is associated with rapid progression and poor prognosis. Multimodal
therapy is the most common approach utilized for osteosarcoma management, such as the application
of chemotherapy in combination with surgery or radiation therapy. Cisplatin is one of the predominantly
used chemotherapeutic agents for osteosarcoma. Optimally, it is employed in combination
with other chemotherapeutic drugs along with surgery or radiation therapy. Despite the availability
of numerous treatment approaches, the patient survival rate has not definitively improved
over the past three decades.
Methods:
We have summarized all findings regarding the combination of cisplatin with other chemotherapeutic
agents as well as with phytochemical compounds.
Results:
A combination of cisplatin with a phytochemical compound synergistically enhances the
killing effect of cisplatin on osteosarcoma cells with fewer side effects compared to combination
with other chemotherapeutic agents.
Conclusion:
Conclusively, a combination of cisplatin with selected chemotherapeutic drugs has
been shown to be effective. However, the unchanged survival rate has posed an urge to search for a
new combination regimen. As a collaborative effort to substantiate the therapeutic efficacy, the
combination with phytochemical compounds shows a promising response both in vitro as well as
in the preclinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Z. Kasiram
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hermizi Hapidin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hasmah Abdullah
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Azlina Ahmad
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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12
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Chow PW, Abd Hamid Z, Mathialagan RD, Rajab NF, Shuib S, Sulong S. Clastogenicity and Aneugenicity of 1,4-Benzoquinone in Different Lineages of Mouse Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells. Toxics 2021; 9:toxics9050107. [PMID: 34065823 PMCID: PMC8150741 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9050107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous reports on hematotoxicity and leukemogenicity related to benzene exposure highlighted its adverse effects on hematopoiesis. Despite the reported findings, studies concerning the mechanism of benzene affecting chromosomal integrity in lineage-committed hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) remain unclear. Here, we studied the clastogenicity and aneugenicity of benzene in lineage-committed HSPCs via karyotyping. Isolated mouse bone marrow cells (MBMCs) were exposed to the benzene metabolite 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) at 1.25, 2.5, 5, 7, and 12 μM for 24 h, followed by karyotyping. Then, the chromosomal aberration (CA) in 1,4-BQ-exposed hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) comprising myeloid, Pre-B lymphoid, and erythroid lineages were evaluated following colony-forming cell (CFC) assay. Percentage of CA, predominantly via Robertsonian translocation (Rb), was increased significantly (p < 0.05) in MBMCs and all progenitors at all concentrations. As a comparison, Pre-B lymphoid progenitor demonstrated a significantly higher percentage of CA (p < 0.05) than erythroid progenitor at 1.25, 2.5, and 7 μM as well as a significantly higher percentage (p < 0.05) than myeloid progenitor at 7 μM of 1,4-BQ. In conclusion, 1,4-BQ induced CA, particularly via Rb in both MBMCs and HPCs, notably via a lineage-dependent response. The role of lineage specificity in governing the clastogenicity and aneugenicity of 1,4-BQ deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paik Wah Chow
- Biomedical Science Programme and Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (P.W.C.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Zariyantey Abd Hamid
- Biomedical Science Programme and Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (P.W.C.); (R.D.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-9289-7196
| | - Ramya Dewi Mathialagan
- Biomedical Science Programme and Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (P.W.C.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Nor Fadilah Rajab
- Biomedical Science Programme and Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
| | - Salwati Shuib
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Center, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia;
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13
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Ghazali N, Abd Rahman N, Ahmad A, Sulong S, Kannan TP. Identification of Copy Number Variation Among Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and or Without Cleft Palate With Hypodontia: A Genome-Wide Association Study. Front Physiol 2021; 12:637306. [PMID: 33732167 PMCID: PMC7959817 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.637306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsyndromic cleft lip and or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) with the hypodontia is a common developmental abnormality in humans and animals. This study identified the genetic aberration involved in both NSCL/P and hypodontia pathogenesis. A cross-sectional study using genome-wide study copy number variation-targeted CytoScan 750K array carried out on salivary samples from 61 NSCL/P and 20 noncleft with and without hypodontia Malay subjects aged 7-13 years old. Copy number variations (CNVs) of SKI and fragile histidine triad (FHIT) were identified in NSCL/P and noncleft children using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as a validation analysis. Copy number calculated (CNC) for each gene determined with Applied Biosystems CopyCaller Software v2.0. The six significant CNVs included gains (12q14.3, 15q26.3, 1p36.32, and 1p36.33) and losses (3p14.2 and 4q13.2) in NSCL/P with hypodontia patients compared with the NSCL/P only. The genes located in these regions encoded LEMD3, IGF1R, TP73, SKI, FHIT, and UGT2β15. There were a significant gain and loss of both SKI and FHIT copy number in NSCL/P with hypodontia compared with the noncleft group (p < 0.05). The results supported that CNVs significantly furnish to the development of NSCL/P with hypodontia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norliana Ghazali
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | | | - Azlina Ahmad
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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14
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Ankathil R, Eva F, Bakar ZA, Yunus NM, Nawi NA, Annuar A, Ting CY, Sulong S. A Dual Gender Rare Case with 47,XY, + 18/46,XX Karyotype: Chimera or Mosaic? Journal of Child Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Our objective is to report one rare case of dual gender chimerism involving abnormal male trisomy 18 and normal female karyotype. The baby was born full term with birth weight of 1.8 kg, not vigorous with light meconium stained liquor and Apgar score of 51, 85 and 910. Parents are 40 years old and mother is G6P5 + 1. The baby had clinical features of Edwards syndrome, and a blood sample was sent to Human Genome Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia for cytogenetic analysis. Conventional cytogenetic analysis results showed two distinct sex discordant genetic cell lines XY and XX in 90:10 ratio. The male genetic cell line XY also showed trisomy 18 (47,XY, + 18) consistent with clinical diagnosis of male Edwards syndrome, whereas the second genetic cell line showed normal 46,XX female. The present case was reported as dual gender chimera with chi 47,XY, + 18/46,XX karyotype pattern. To the best of available knowledge, dual gender chimerism with abnormal male trisomy 18 and normal female karyotype has not been reported so far, and this case is reported for its rarity and as the first report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindran Ankathil
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Foong Eva
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zulaikha Abu Bakar
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nazihah Mohd Yunus
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Alia Nawi
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Aziati Annuar
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Cheng Yi Ting
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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15
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Annuar AA, Ankathil R, Mohd Yunus N, Husin A, Ab Rajab NS, Abdul Aziz AA, Ibrahim MI, Sulong S. Impact of Fas/Fasl Gene Polymorphisms on Susceptibility Risk and Imatinib Mesylate Treatment Response in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:565-571. [PMID: 33639675 PMCID: PMC8190357 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.2.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The FAS mediated apoptosis pathway involving the FAS and FASL genes plays a crucial role in the regulation of apoptotic cell death and imatinib mesylate (IM) mechanism of action. Promoter polymorphisms FAS-670 A>G and FAS-844 T>C which alter the transcriptional activity of these genes may grant a risk to develop cancer and revamp the drug activities towards the cancer cell. We investigated the association of these two polymorphisms with the susceptibility risk and IM treatment response in Malaysian chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients. Methods: This is a retrospective study, which included 93 CML patients and 98 controls. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to genotype the FAS and FASL polymorphisms. Data nanlysis was done using SPSS Version 22. The associations of the genotypes with susceptibility risk and IM response in CML patients were assessed by means of logistic regression analysis and deriving odds ratio with 95% CI. Results: We observed a significant association between FASL-844T>C polymorphism and CML susceptibility risk and IM response. Variant C allele and FASL-844 CC variant genotype carriers had significantly higher risk for CML susceptibility (OR 1.756, CI 1.163-2.652, p=0.007 and OR 2.261, CI 1.013-5.047, p=0.047 respectively). Conversely, the heterozygous genotype FASL-844 TC conferred lower risk for CML susceptibility (OR 0.379, CI 0.176-0.816, p=0.013). The heterozygous and homozygous variant genotypes and variant C alleles were found to confer a lower risk for the development of IM resistance with OR 0.129 (95% CI: 0.034-0.489 p=0.003), OR 0.257 (95% CI: 0.081-0.818, p=0.021), and OR 0.486 (95% CI: 0.262-0.899, p=0.021) respectively. We also found that FAS-670 A>G polymorphism was not associated with CML susceptibility risk or IM response. Conclusion: The genetic polymorphism FASL-844 T>C may contribute to the CML susceptibility risk and also IM treatment response in CML patients. Accodringly, it may be useful as a biomarker for predicting CML susceptibility risk and IM resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziati Azwari Annuar
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ravindran Ankathil
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nazihah Mohd Yunus
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Azlan Husin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Nur Shafawati Ab Rajab
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Aizat Abdul Aziz
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ismail Ibrahim
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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16
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Mohamad A, Hassan R, Husin A, Johan MF, Sulong S. Aberrant Methylation of Tumour Suppressor Gene ADAM12 in Chronic Lympocytic Leukemia Patients: Application of Methylation Specific-PCR Technique. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:85-91. [PMID: 33507683 PMCID: PMC8184192 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.1.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a common leukemia among Caucasians but rare in Asians population. We postulated that aberrant methylation either hypermethylation or partial methylation might be one of the silencing mechanisms that inactivates the tumour suppressor genes in CLL. This study aimed to compare the methylation status of tumour suppressor gene, ADAM12, among CLL patients and normal individuals. We also evaluated the association between methylation of ADAM12 and clinical and demographic characteristics of the participants. Methods: A total of 25 CLL patients and 25 normal individuals were recruited in this study. The methylation status of ADAM12 was determined using Methylation-Specific PCR (MSP); whereas, DNA sequencing method was applied for validation of the MSP results. Results: Among CLL patients, 12 (48%) were partially methylated and 13 (52%) were unmethylated. Meanwhile, 5 (20%) and 20 (80.6%) of healthy individuals were partially methylated and unmethylated, respectively. There was a statistically significant association between the status of methylation at ADAM12 and the presence of CLL (p=0.037). Conclusion: The aberrant methylation of ADAM12 found in this study using MSP assay may provide new exposure to CLL that may improve the gaps involved in genetic epigenetic study in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Mohamad
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rosline Hassan
- Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Azlan Husin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Farid Johan
- Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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17
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Ankathil R, Ismail SM, Mohd Yunus N, Sulong S, Husin A, Abdullah AD, Hassan R. Clinical implications of conventional cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and molecular testing in chronic myeloid leukaemia patients in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era - A review. Malays J Pathol 2020; 42:307-321. [PMID: 33361712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) provides an illustrative disease model for both molecular pathogenesis of cancer and rational drug therapy. Imatinib mesylate (IM), a BCR-ABL1 targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drug, is the first line gold standard drug for CML treatment. Conventional cytogenetic analysis (CCA) can identify the standard and variant Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, and any additional complex chromosome abnormalities at diagnosis as well as during treatment course. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is especially important for cells of CML patients with inadequate or inferior quality metaphases or those with variant Ph translocations. CCA in conjunction with FISH can serve as powerful tools in all phases of CML including the diagnosis, prognosis, risk stratification and monitoring of cytogenetic responses to treatment. Molecular techniques such as reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is used for the detection of BCR-ABL1 transcripts at diagnosis whereas quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR) is used at the time of diagnosis as well as during TKI therapy for the quantitation of BCR-ABL1 transcripts to evaluate the molecular response and minimal residual disease (MRD). Despite the excellent treatment results obtained after the introduction of TKI drugs, especially Imatinib mesylate (IM), resistance to TKIs develops in approximately 35% - 40% of CML patients on TKI therapy. Since point mutations in BCR-ABL1 are a common cause of IM resistance, mutation analysis is important in IM resistant patients. Mutations are reliably detected by nested PCR amplification of the translocated ABL1 kinase domain followed by direct sequencing of the entire amplified kinase domain. The objective of this review is to highlight the importance of regular and timely CCA, FISH analysis and molecular testing in the diagnosis, prognosis, assessment of therapeutic efficacy, evaluation of MRD and in the detection of BCR-ABL1 kinase mutations which cause therapeutic resistance in adult CML patients.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Cytogenetic Analysis/methods
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/analysis
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Mutation
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ankathil
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Health campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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18
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Muhammad NR, Ahmad A, Mohd Nafi SN, Ahmad F, Abdul Hamid Z, Sulong S. Potential Association of Nicotinamide on the Telomerase Activity and Telomere Length Mediated by PARP-1 Mechanism in Myeloid Cancer. SAINS MALAYS 2020. [DOI: 10.17576/jsm-2020-4904-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Yahya P, Sulong S, Harun A, Wangkumhang P, Wilantho A, Ngamphiw C, Tongsima S, Zilfalil BA. Ancestry-informative marker (AIM) SNP panel for the Malay population. Int J Legal Med 2019; 134:123-134. [PMID: 31760471 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-019-02184-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ancestry-informative markers (AIMs) can be used to infer the ancestry of an individual to minimize the inaccuracy of self-reported ethnicity in biomedical research. In this study, we describe three methods for selecting AIM SNPs for the Malay population (Malay AIM panel) using different approaches based on pairwise FST, informativeness for assignment (In), and PCA-correlated SNPs (PCAIMs). These Malay AIM panels were extracted from genotype data stored in SNP arrays hosted by the Malaysian node of the Human Variome Project (MyHVP) and the Singapore Genome Variation Project (SGVP). In particular, genotype data from a total of 165 Malay individuals were analyzed, comprising data on 117 individual genotypes from the Affymetrix SNP-6 SNP array platform and data on 48 individual genotypes from the OMNI 2.5 Illumina SNP array platform. The HapMap phase 3 database (1397 individuals from 11 populations) was used as a reference for comparison with the Malay genotype data. The accuracy of each resulting Malay AIM panel was evaluated using a machine learning "ancestry-predictive model" constructed by using WEKA, a comprehensive machine learning platform written in Java. A total of 1250 SNPs were finally selected, which successfully identified Malay individuals from other world populations with an accuracy of 90%, but the accuracy decreased to 80% using 157 SNPs according to the pairwise FST method, while a panel of 200 SNPs selected using In and PCAIMs could be used to identify Malay individuals with an accuracy of approximately 80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padillah Yahya
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Azian Harun
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Pongsakorn Wangkumhang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Alisa Wilantho
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Chumpol Ngamphiw
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sissades Tongsima
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Bin Alwi Zilfalil
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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20
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Ismail SM, Aziz AAA, Husin MZ, Baker MQA, Ibrahim MI, Hasaan R, Sulong S, Husin A, Ankathil R. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Polymorphisms and im Treatment Response in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz338.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Mudassar Imran Bukhari S, Yew KK, Thambiraja R, Sulong S, Ghulam Rasool AH, Ahmad Tajudin LS. Microvascular endothelial function and primary open angle glaucoma. Ther Adv Ophthalmol 2019; 11:2515841419868100. [PMID: 31489400 PMCID: PMC6710703 DOI: 10.1177/2515841419868100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the role of microvascular endothelial dysfunction as risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 114 Malay patients with POAG seen at the eye clinic of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Patients aged between 40 and 80 years who were diagnosed with other types of glaucoma, previous glaucoma filtering surgery or other surgeries except uncomplicated cataract surgery and pterygium surgery were excluded. A total of 101 patients who were followed up for dry eyes, age-related cataracts or post cataracts extraction surgery were recruited as control subjects. Those with family history of glaucoma or glaucoma suspect were excluded. Microvascular endothelial function was assessed using laser Doppler fluximetry and the process of iontophoresis. Iontophoresis with acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was used to measure microvascular endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatations, respectively. Results In general, POAG patients demonstrated lower ACh% and AChmax values compared with controls. There was significant difference in microvascular endothelial function [ACh%: mean, 95% confidence interval = 503.1 (378.0, 628.3), and AChmax: mean, 95% confidence interval = 36.8 (30.2, 43.5)] between primary open angle glaucoma cases (p < 0.001) and controls [ACh%: mean, 95% confidence interval = 1378.4 (1245.4, 1511.3), and AChmax: mean, 95% confidence interval = 79.2 (72.1, 86.2)]; this difference remained significant even after controlling for potential confounders. Similar difference was also found in SNP% and SNPmax between POAG and controls (p < 0.001). Age and diastolic blood pressure were inversely correlated with microvascular endothelial function. Conclusion There was an impairment of microvascular endothelial function and endothelial-independent vasodilatation in POAG patients. Microvascular endothelial function is a potential risk factor for POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Mudassar Imran Bukhari
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kiu Kwong Yew
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rajasunthari Thambiraja
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Liza-Sharmini Ahmad Tajudin
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan Malaysia
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Mohamad Shah NS, Sulong S, Wan Sulaiman WA, Halim AS. Two novel genes TOX3 and COL21A1 in large extended Malay families with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e635. [PMID: 30924295 PMCID: PMC6503016 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate is one of the most common human birth defects worldwide that affects the lip and/or palate. The incidence of clefts varies among populations through ethnic, race, or geographical differences. The focus on Malay nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) is because of a scarce report on genetic study in relation to this deformity in Malaysia. We are interested to discuss about the genes that are susceptible to cause orofacial cleft formation in the family. METHODS Genome-wide linkage analysis was carried out on eight large extended families of NSCL/P with the total of 91 individuals among Malay population using microarray platform. Based on linkage analyses findings, copy number variation (CNV) of LPHN2, SATB2, PVRL3, COL21A1, and TOX3 were identified in four large extended families that showed linkage evidence using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as for a validation purpose. Copy number calculated (CNC) for each genes were determined with Applied Biosystems CopyCallerTM Software v2.0. Normal CNC of the target sequence expected was set at two. RESULTS Genome-wide linkage analysis had discovered several genes including TOX3 and COL21A1 in four different loci 4p15.2-p16.1, 6p11.2-p12.3, 14q13-q21, and 16q12.1. There was significant decreased, p < 0.05 of SATB2, COL21A1, and TOX3 copy number in extended families compared to the normal controls. CONCLUSION Novel linkage evidence and significant low copy number of COL21A1 and TOX3 in NSCLP family was confirmed. These genes increased the risks toward NSCLP formation in that family traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Syazana Mohamad Shah
- Reconstructive Science Unit, School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKubang KerianKelantanMalaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKubang KerianKelantanMalaysia
| | - Wan Azman Wan Sulaiman
- Reconstructive Science Unit, School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKubang KerianKelantanMalaysia
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Elias MH, Azlan H, Sulong S, Baba AA, Ankathil R. Aberrant DNA methylation at HOXA4 and HOXA5 genes are associated with resistance to imatinib mesylate among chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2018; 1:e1111. [PMID: 32721103 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imatinib mesylate is a molecularly targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug. It is effectively used in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. However, development of resistance to imatinib mesylate as a result of BCR-ABL dependent and BCR-ABL independent mechanisms has emerged as a daunting problem in the management of CML patients. Between these mechanisms, BCR-ABL independent mechanisms are still not robustly understood. AIM To investigate the correlation of HOXA4 and HOXA5 promoter DNA hypermethylation with imatinib resistance among CML patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Samples from 175 Philadelphia positive CML patients (83 good response and 92 BCR-ABL non-mutated imatinib resistant patients) were subjected to Methylation Specific High Resolution Melt Analysis for methylation levels quantification of the HOXA4 and HOXA5 promoter regions. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was done to elucidate the optimal methylation cut-off point followed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Log-Rank analysis was done to measure the overall survival difference between CML groups. The optimal methylation cut-off point was found to be at 62.5% for both HOXA4 and HOXA5. Chronic myeloid leukemia patients with ≥63% HOXA4 and HOXA5 methylation level were shown to have 3.78 and 3.95 times the odds, respectively, to acquire resistance to imatinib. However, overall survival of CML patients that have ≤62% and ≥ 63% methylation levels of HOXA4 and HOXA5 genes were found to be not significant (P-value = 0.126 for HOXA4; P-value = 0.217 for HOXA5). CONCLUSION Hypermethylation of the HOXA4 and HOXA5 promoter is correlated with imatinib resistance and with further investigation, it could be a potential epigenetic biomarker in supplement to the BCR-ABL gene mutation in predicting imatinib treatment response among CML patients but could not be considered as a prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjanu Hikmah Elias
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Husin Azlan
- Haemato-Oncology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Ravindran Ankathil
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Yahya P, Sulong S, Harun A, Wan Isa H, Ab Rajab NS, Wangkumhang P, Wilantho A, Ngamphiw C, Tongsima S, Zilfalil BA. Analysis of the genetic structure of the Malay population: Ancestry-informative marker SNPs in the Malay of Peninsular Malaysia. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2017; 30:152-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Ismail I, Sulong S, Ahmad S, Mansoor A, Hassan R. Dysregulation of micrornas-mRNAs expression and their potential therapeutic targets in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Exp Hematol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2017.06.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wan Sulaiman W, Shah NM, Sulong S, Halim A. Linkage evidence and methylation at 2q region in nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate of Malay population. J Cleft Lip Palate Craniofac Anomal 2017. [DOI: 10.4103/2348-2125.205413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Elias MH, Azlan H, Sulong S, Hassan R, Baba AA, Ankathil R. Molecular genetic and epigenetic markers of Imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw522.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mohamad Shah NS, Salahshourifar I, Sulong S, Wan Sulaiman WA, Halim AS. Discovery of candidate genes for nonsyndromic cleft lip palate through genome-wide linkage analysis of large extended families in the Malay population. BMC Genet 2016; 17:39. [PMID: 26868259 PMCID: PMC4751652 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-016-0345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsyndromic orofacial clefts are one of the most common birth defects worldwide. It occurs as a result of genetic or environmental factors. This study investigates the genetic contribution to nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate through the analysis of family pedigrees. Candidate genes associated with the condition were identified from large extended families from the Malay population. RESULTS A significant nonparametric linkage (NPL) score was detected in family 100. Other suggestive NPL and logarithm of the odds (LOD) scores were attained from families 50, 58, 99 and 100 under autosomal recessive mode. Heterogeneity LOD (HLOD) score ≥ 1 was determined for all families, confirming genetic heterogeneity of the population and indicating that a proportion of families might be linked to each other. Several candidate genes in linkage intervals were determined; LPHN2 at 1p31, SATB2 at 2q33.1-q35, PVRL3 at 3q13.3, COL21A1 at 6p12.1, FOXP2 at 7q22.3-q33, FOXG1 and HECTD1 at 14q12 and TOX3 at 16q12.1. CONCLUSIONS We have identified several novel and known candidate genes for nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate through genome-wide linkage analysis. Further analysis of the involvement of these genes in the condition will shed light on the disease mechanism. Comprehensive genetic testing of the candidate genes is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iman Salahshourifar
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Center, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Azman Wan Sulaiman
- Reconstructive Science Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Sukari Halim
- School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Hassan R, Husin A, Sulong S, Yusoff S, Johan MF, Yahaya BH, Ang CY, Ghazali S, Cheong SK. Guidelines for nucleic acid detection and analysis in hematological disorders. Malays J Pathol 2015; 37:165-173. [PMID: 26277676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosline Hassan
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Haematology, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Abdul AAF, Muhammad Nur A, Sulong S, Aljunid S. The Integrated Care Pathway for Managing Post Stroke (ICAPPS) Patients in the Community: A Cost -Effectiveness Analysis. Value Health 2014; 17:A761. [PMID: 27202786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S Sulong
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Aljunid
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ramli A, Aljunid S, Sulong S, Md Yusof FA. Application Of Medicines Scoring System (Medss) : Potential Savings Through Drug Formulary Review Of Sulphonylureas. Value Health 2014; 17:A749. [PMID: 27202715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Ramli
- United Nations University International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Aljunid
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Sulong
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - F A Md Yusof
- Pharmaceutical Services Division, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Hanafi S, Hassan R, Bahar R, Abdullah WZ, Johan MF, Rashid ND, Azman NF, Nasir A, Hassan S, Ahmad R, Othman A, Ibrahim MI, Sukeri S, Sulong S, Yusoff S, Mohamad NS, Hussein A, Hassan R, Yusoff N, Yahaya BH, Ismail E, Yussof NKN, Salleh S, Zilfalil BA. Multiplex amplification refractory mutation system (MARMS) for the detection of β-globin gene mutations among the transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia Malay patients in Kelantan, Northeast of Peninsular Malaysia. Am J Blood Res 2014; 4:33-40. [PMID: 25232503 PMCID: PMC4165115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to adapt MARMS with some modifications to detect beta mutation in our cohort of thalassemia patients. We focused only on transfusion-dependent thalassemia Malay patients, the predominant ethnic group (95%) in the Kelantanese population. Eight mutations were identified in 46 out of 48 (95.83%) beta thalassemia alleles. Most of the patients (54.2%) were compound heterozygous with co-inheritance Cd 26 (G>A). The frequencies of spectrum beta chain mutation among these patients are presented in Table 2. Among the transfusion dependent beta thalassemia Malay patients studied, 26 patients were found to be compound heterozygous and the main alleles were Cd 26 (G>A). Compound heterozygous mutation of Cd 26 (G>A) and IVS 1-5 (G>C) were 12 (46.2%), Cd 26 (G>A) and Cd 41/42 (TTCT) were 9 (34.6%), Cd 26 (G>A) and IVS 1-1 (G>C) were 2 (7.7%) respectively. Meanwhile the minority were made of a single compound heterozygous of Cd 26 (G>A) and Cd 71/72, Cd 26 (>A) and Cd 17 (A>T), Cd 26 (G>A) and -28 (G>A) respectively. Twenty out of forty six patients were shown to have homozygous of IVS 1-5 (G>C) were 2 (10.0%), Cd 26 (G>A) were 15 (75.0%), Cd 19 (A>G) were 1 (5.0%), and IVS 1-1 (G>T) were 2 (10.0%). The beta chain mutations among the Kelantanese Malays followed closely the distribution of beta chain mutations among the Thais and the Malays of the Southern Thailand. The G-C transition at position 5 of the IVS 1-5 mutation was predominant among the Malay patients. In conclusion, this method has successfully identified the mutation spectrum in our cohort of transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia patients, and this method is equally effective in screening for mutation among thalassemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarifah Hanafi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Rosline Hassan
- Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Rosnah Bahar
- Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Wan Zaidah Abdullah
- Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Muhammad Farid Johan
- Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Noor Diana Rashid
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Nurul Fatihah Azman
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Ariffin Nasir
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Syahzuwan Hassan
- Hematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical ResearchKuala Lumpur
| | - Rahimah Ahmad
- Hematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical ResearchKuala Lumpur
| | - Azizah Othman
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Mohd Ismail Ibrahim
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Surianti Sukeri
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Sarina Sulong
- Human Genome Center, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Surini Yusoff
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Nor Sarwany Mohamad
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Adil Hussein
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | | | - Narazah Yusoff
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Badrul Hisyam Yahaya
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
| | - Endom Ismail
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaMalaysia
| | | | - Sinari Salleh
- Department of Medical, Hospital Kuala KraiKelantan, Malaysia
| | - Bin Alwi Zilfalil
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaMalaysia
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Mohamad Ashari ZS, Sulong S, Hassan R, Husin A, Sim GA, Wahid SFA. Low Level of TERC Gene Amplification between Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Patients Resistant and Respond to Imatinib Mesylate Treatment. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:1863-9. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.4.1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Elias M, Au Z, Husin A, Sulong S, Hassan R, Goh A, Wahid S, Baba A, Ankathil R. Predictive Molecular Markers of Imatinib Resistance and Prognosis in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt460.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rani AQ, Sasongko TH, Sulong S, Bunyan D, Salmi AR, Zilfalil BA, Matsuo M, Zabidi-Hussin ZAMH. Mutation Spectrum ofDystrophinGene in Malaysian Patients with Duchenne/Becker Muscular Dystrophy. J Neurogenet 2013; 27:11-5. [DOI: 10.3109/01677063.2012.762580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Aljunid SM, Ismail A, Sulong S. Can Clinical Pathways enhance the implementation of a Casemix system? A case study in a teaching hospital in Malaysia. BMC Health Serv Res 2011. [PMCID: PMC3238205 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-11-s1-a6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Aljunid SM, Hamzah SM, Mutalib SA, Nur AM, Shafie N, Sulong S. The UNU-CBGs: development and deployment of a real international open source Casemix grouper for resource challenged countries. BMC Health Serv Res 2011. [PMCID: PMC3238203 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-11-s1-a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sulong S. Genetic aberrations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: application of high-density single nucleotide polymorphism array. Malays J Med Sci 2010; 17:5-12. [PMID: 22135543 PMCID: PMC3216177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Screening of the entire human genome using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNPA) has become a powerful technique used in cancer genetics and population genetics studies. The GeneChip® Mapping Array, introduced by Affymetrix, is one SNPA platform utilised for genotyping studies. This GeneChip system allows researchers to gain a comprehensive view of cancer biology on a single platform for the quantification of chromosomal amplifications, deletions, and loss of heterozygosity or for allelic imbalance studies. Importantly, this array analysis has the potential to reveal novel genetic findings involved in the multistep development of cancer. Given the importance of genetic factors in leukaemogenesis and the usefulness of screening the whole genome, SNPA analysis has been utilised in many studies to characterise genetic aberrations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarina Sulong
- Correspondence: Dr Sarina Sulong, PhD (Newcastle University), Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Tel: +609-7676792, Fax: +609-7658914, E-mail:
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Sulong S, Case M, Minto L, Wilkins B, Hall A, Irving J. The V617F mutation in Jak2 is not found in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2005; 130:964-5. [PMID: 16156866 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2005.05697.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zamzuri I, Ghazali MM, Zainuddin N, Sulong S, Samarendra SM, Yusoff AAM, Ariff ARM, Abdullah J. Molecular genetic analysis of a supratentorial haemangioblastoma in a non-Von Hippel Lindau patient. Med J Malaysia 2005; 60:360-3. [PMID: 16379193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe a rare tumor site in a 46 year old man who presented with a two week history of headache. Physical examination revealed bilateral papilloedema with no other localizing signs. Computed Tomographic Scan as well as Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the brain revealed a lesion with a dura tail located adjacent to the falx cerebri of the right frontal lobe. This lesion was not invading the inner table of the skull base. A tumor blush was seen on angiogram. There were no abnormalities on CT scan of the abdomen and fundoscopy was normal. Intraoperatively a vascular tumor not attached to the dura was noted and removed totally. Histopathological examination was typical of a hemangioblastoma. Analysis revealed no mutations of the VHL gene in 5 regions, exon 5-8 of the p53 gene, exon 1-2 of the p16 gene and exon 5,6 and 8 of the PTEN gene. This is the first case report of a supratentorial hemangioblastoma in a non-Von Hippel Lindau patient with genetic evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Zamzuri
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan
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Sulong S, Yusoff AAM, Zainuddin N, Abdullah JM, Pannatil JG, Jaafar H, Isa MN. What We Know about the Molecular Genetics of Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumours in Malaysia. Malays J Med Sci 2004; 11:37-43. [PMID: 22977358 PMCID: PMC3438149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The new millennium has been regarded as a genomic era. A lot of researchers and pathologists are beginning to understand the scientific basis of molecular genetics and relates with the progression of the diseases. Central nervous system (CNS) tumours are among the most rapidly fatal of all cancers. It has been proposed that the progression of malignant tumours may result from multi-step of genetic alterations, including activation of oncogenes, inactivation of tumour suppressor genes and also the presence of certain molecular marker such as telomerase activity. In this paper, we review some recent data from the literature, including our own studies, on the molecular genetics analysis in CNS tumours. Our studies have shown that two types of tumour suppressor genes, p53 and PTEN were involved in the development of these tumours but not in p16 gene among the patients from Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM). Telomerase activity also has been detected in various types of CNS tumours. Thus, it is important to assemble all data which related to this study and may provide as a vital information in a new approach to neuro-oncology studies in Malaysia.
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Isa MN, Sulong S, Sidek MR, George PJ, Abdullah JM. Telomerase activity in Malaysian patients with central nervous system tumors. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2003; 34:872-6. [PMID: 15115103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Telomerase, the enzyme that stabilizes telomere length is reactivated with almost all cancer types, and may be a useful diagnostic marker for malignancy. Telomerase activity has been detected in germ line cells and most cancer cells, whereas most normal somatic cells have no clearly detectable telomerase activity. In our study, we aim to detect telomerase activity in 20 human central nervous system tumors from Malaysian patients. Telomerase activity was detected based on a highly sensitive procedure consisting of a CHAPS detergent-based extraction from frozen tissues and a PCR-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) using a TRAPEZE Telomerase Detection Kit (Intergen, Co). Telomerase activity was considered positive when a ladder of products was observed starting at 50bp, with 6bp increments. The activity was detected in 30% of the samples analysed, included glioblastoma multiforme, meduloblastoma, paraganglioma and oligodendroglioma. The result of Fisher's exact test indicated that there was a significant association between telomerase activity status with tumor grade (p=0.003). These results suggest that telomerase activity may be an important marker for tumor malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Nizam Isa
- Human Genome Center, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Abdullah JM, Zainuddin N, Sulong S, Jaafar H, Isa MN. Molecular genetic analysis of phosphatase and tensin homolog and p16 tumor suppressor genes in patients with malignant glioma. Neurosurg Focus 2003; 14:e6. [PMID: 15679305 DOI: 10.3171/foc.2003.14.4.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Object
Several genes have been shown to carry mutations in human malignant gliomas, including the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) deleted on chromosome 10 and p16 tumor suppressor genes. Alterations of this gene located on chromosome 10 q23 and 9p21, respectively, may contribute to gliomagenesis. In this study, the authors analyzed 20 cases of malignant gliomas obtained in patients living on the east coast of Malaysia to investigate the possibilities of involvement of the PTEN and p16 genes.
Methods
Samples of DNA were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), analyzed by single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP), and subsequently by sequencing. Two cases of glioblastoma multiforme, three cases of anaplastic astrocytoma, one case of anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, and one case of anaplastic ependymoma showed SSCP band shifts in PTEN mutational analyses. The DNA sequencing analyses of these samples revealed missense and nonsense mutations, with cluster of mutations in the region 5' to the core phosphatase motif of exon 5 and the 5'-end of exon 6. No abnormal migration shifts were detected in the glioma samples analyzed for point mutations of the p16 gene. Homozygous deletions of p16 were also not detected in all samples.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that mutations of the PTEN genes were likely to contribute to the tumorigenesis and morphological transformations of gliomas. In addition, the alterations of the p16 gene might not play a major role in tumorigenesis of malignant gliomas in Malaysian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafri Malin Abdullah
- Neuroscience Unit, Human Genome Centre, and Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan.
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Nasuha NA, Daud AH, Ghazali MM, Yusoff AAM, Zainuddin N, Abdullah JM, Mutum SS, Biswal BM, Ariff ARM, Sulong S, Isa MN. Molecular genetic analysis of anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. Asian J Surg 2003; 26:120-5. [PMID: 12732498 DOI: 10.1016/s1015-9584(09)60233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in a 10-year-old Malay boy is reported. The patient presented with headache and epilepsy. On computed tomography, a ring-enhancing low-density lesion was observed in the left fronto-temporal area. During surgery, a cystic tumour containing serous fluid was found and almost totally removed. Histologically, the tumour exhibited marked pleomorphism of oval and spindle-shaped cells intermixed with uni- and multinucleated giant cells, and xanthomatous cells with foamy cytoplasm. The tumour displayed pericellular reticulin and periodic acid-Schiff positive granules. Focally, six mitotic characters per 10 high-power fields were seen, and necrosis was confined only to the inner lining of the cyst. Mutational analysis showed that a frameshift mutation (a 4-bp deletion) in the p53 gene had occurred in codons 273 and 274 of exon 8. No mutation was detected in the p16 gene. No allelic loss and/or loss of heterozygosity were observed on chromosome 10 using microsatellite marker D105532. The patient was treated with postoperative radiotherapy because of histological anaplasia and the presence of residual tumour. The patient showed marked neurological recovery after a follow-up period of 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Azam Nasuha
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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