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Althaher AR, Oran SA, Awadallah MW, Ameen HH, Shehabi RF, Bourghli LMS, Mastinu A. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activity of Ruta chalepensis L. Ethanolic Extract. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400026. [PMID: 38372467 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Ruta chalepensis L. is a versatile herb used in culinary arts and traditional medicine. The study aimed to determine the chemical composition of an ethanolic extract from R. chalepensis and the total phenolic and flavonoid content. Additionally, the extracts' antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were tested. The disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were used to test the antibacterial properties on four types of bacteria: Escherichia coli, Proteus penneri, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus. A colorimetric assay was used to evaluate the total phenolic and flavonoid content, and the DPPH method was used to assess the antioxidant activity. The phytochemical constituents were determined using LC-MS/MS. The results indicated that R. chalepensis ethanolic extract had 34 compounds, and the predominant compounds were quercetin (9.2 %), myricetin (8.8 %), and camphene (8.0 %). Moreover, the extract had a good level of polyphenols and flavonoids, as demonstrated by inhibiting free radicals (DPPH) (IC50 was 41.2±0.1). Also, the extract exhibited robust antimicrobial activity against P. penneri and S. aureus with an MIC of 12.5 and 25.0 μg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, the results suggest that the R. chalepensis ethanolic extract has good antioxidant and antibacterial properties that could be utilized to develop new antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa R Althaher
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Sawsan A Oran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Mirna W Awadallah
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Hanan H Ameen
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Reham F Shehabi
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | | | - Andrea Mastinu
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
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Alsarayreh AZ, Oran SA, Shakhanbeh JM, Khleifat KM, Al Qaisi YT, Alfarrayeh II, Alkaramseh AM. Efficacy of methanolic extracts of some medicinal plants on wound healing in diabetic rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10071. [PMID: 35965986 PMCID: PMC9364101 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Materials and methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Z. Alsarayreh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Sawsan A. Oran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Jumah M. Shakhanbeh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Khaled M. Khleifat
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yaseen T. Al Qaisi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Ibrahim I. Alfarrayeh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Ayah M. Alkaramseh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Al Qaisi YT, Khleifat KM, Oran SA, Al Tarawneh AA, Qaralleh H, Al-Qaisi TS, Farah HS. Ruta graveolens, Peganum harmala, and Citrullus colocynthis methanolic extracts have in vitro protoscolocidal effects and act against bacteria isolated from echinococcal hydatid cyst fluid. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:228. [PMID: 35353289 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02844-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Echinococcosis is a common and endemic disease that affects both humans and animals. In this study, the in vitro activities of methanolic extracts of Ruta graveolens, Peganum harmala aerial parts, and Citrullus colocynthis seeds against protoscolosis and isolated bacterial strains from hydatid cysts were assessed using disc diffusion methods and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The chemical composition of three methanolic extracts was studied using LC-MS. After 3 h of exposure to 40 mg/mL R. graveolens extract, a tenfold protoscolocidal effect was seen when compared to the convintional medication (ABZ) for the same duration (P < 0.05). The bacteria listed below were isolated from hydatid cyst fluid collected from a variety of sick locations, including the lung and liver. Micrococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter amnigenus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus xylosus, and Achromobacter xylosoxidans are among the bacteria that have been identified. The most effective extract was R. graveolens, followed by P. harmala and C. colocynthis, according to the results of antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method. R. graveolens extract had the lowest MIC values (less than 2 mg/mL) against all microorganisms tested. This shows that the R. graveolens extract has additional properties, such as the ability to be both scolocidal and bactericidal. Because these bacteria are among the most prevalent pathogenic bacteria that increase the risk of secondary infection during hydatid cysts, the results of inhibitory zones and MICs of the R. graveolens methanol extract are considered highly promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen T Al Qaisi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mutah University, Mutah, 61710, Karak, Jordan.
| | - Khaled M Khleifat
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sawsan A Oran
- Departmentof Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Amjad A Al Tarawneh
- Prince Faisal Center for Dead Sea, Environmental and Energy Research, Mutah University, Mutah, 61710, Karak, Jordan
| | - Haitham Qaralleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Science, Mutah University, Mutah, 61710, Karak, Jordan
| | - Talal S Al-Qaisi
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Husni S Farah
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
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Jaffal SM, Oran SA, Alsalem M. Anti-nociceptive effect of Arbutus andrachne L. methanolic leaf extract mediated by CB1, TRPV1 and PPARs in mouse pain models. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:1567-1577. [PMID: 32935246 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00746-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Arbutus andrachne L. is a medicinal plant that grows in Jordan and has many valuable effects. In the present study, the anti-nociceptive effect of A. andrachne methanolic leaf extract was determined in mice using thermal and chemical tests. Our findings show that different doses of A. andrachne extract reduced the number of writhings significantly compared to control group. The leaf extract also reduced the time of paw licking in the early and late phases of formalin test. In all the conducted tests, 300 mg/kg body wt. was the best effective dose. A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) antagonist reversed the action of the plant extract in the early phase of formalin test while antagonists of the PPARα, PPAR gamma (PPARγ) and cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptors were responsible for abolishing its effect in the late phase of this test. Also, the extract administration increased the latency time in hot plate and tail flick, an effect that was reversed by the antagonists of PPARγ, CB1 and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). No effect was noticed for α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist in the action of A. andrachne in any of the conducted tests in this study. Furthermore, analysis of the constituents in the methanolic leaf extract using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) showed that the extract is rich in compounds that have anti-nociceptive and/or anti-inflammatory effects such as arbutin, rutin, linalool, linoleic acid, gallic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, hydroquinone, β-sitosterol, ursolic acid, isoquercetin, quercetin, (+)-gallocatechin, kaempferol, α-tocopherol, myricetin 3-O-rhamnoside and catechin gallate. In conclusion, A. andrachne showed promising anti-nociceptive effects in thermal and chemical models of pain. These findings can open an avenue for natural pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar M Jaffal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Sawsan A Oran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alsalem
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
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Abstract
Background: Moringa peregrina (M. peregrina) is an edible, drought-resistant tree that is native to semi-arid countries. It is used as a painkiller in folk medicine. Aims: To study the antinociceptive effects of the leaf extract of M. peregrina in mice. Study Design: Animal experimentation. Methods: We employed thermal (hot plate and tail-immersion tests) and chemical (writhing and formalin tests) pain models in male BALB/c mice (eight animals per group) to investigate the mechanisms involved in the antinociceptive actions of M. peregrina. Additionally, we identified the chemical constituents present in the extract of M. peregrina by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, and predicted the possible active constituents that interact with the receptor based on molecular docking simulations. Results: In the writhing test, 200 mg/kg of M. peregrina extract restricted abdominal cramps by up to 55.97% (p<0.001). Further, it reduced the time of paw-licking in the early and late phases of formalin test by up to 56.8% and 65.5%, respectively, as compared to the percentage inhibitions of 50.5% and 48.4% produced by 30 mg/kg diclofenac sodium in the early and late phases, respectively (p<0.05). This effect was abrogated by yohimbine (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), but not by methysergide (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), in the late phase only, which indicates that the action of M. peregrina in formalin test is not mediated by 5-HT2 serotonin receptors, but rather via α2-adrenergic receptors. In the hot plate test, but not on tail-immersion test, the high dose (400 mg/kg) of the extract increased the latency time after 30 minutes of its administration. Yohimbine antagonized the action of M. peregrina in the hot plate test. Based on LC-MS analysis, the major constituents found in M. peregrina methanolic extract were chrysoeriol 7-O-diglucoside, lupeol acetate, quercetin, and rutin. Depending on the molecular docking results, the activity of M. peregrina extract could be due to the binding of chrysoeriol 7-O-diglucoside, quercetin, and rutin to the α2-adrenergic receptor. Conclusion: Interaction with the α2-adrenergic receptor serves as a possible mechanism of the M. peregrina analgesic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar M. Jaffal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Jordan University School of Science, Amman, Jordan
| | - Belal O. Al-Najjar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University School of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan
| | - Manal A. Abbas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sawsan A. Oran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Jordan University School of Science, Amman, Jordan
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R. Hamad AW, Al-Momani WM, Janakat S, A. Oran S. Bioavailability of Ellagic Acid After Single Dose Administration Using HPLC. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2009.1661.1664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Elbetieha A, Oran SA, Alkofahi A, Darmani H, Raies AM. Fetotoxic potentials of Globularia arabica and Globularia alypum (Globulariaceae) in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2000; 72:215-219. [PMID: 10967474 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00246-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats received by intragastric application, ethanolic extracts of Globularia arabica and Globularia alypum dried leaves. The effect of the extracts was monitored on fertility. The ingestion by female rats of 800 mg/kg of ethanolic extracts of G. arabica and G. alypum, from day 1 to day 6 of pregnancy, did not cause pregnancy failure. However, the ingestion of ethanolic extracts of G. alypum significantly reduced the number of viable fetuses. The number of resorptions was significantly increased in pregnant females administered ethanolic extracts of both G. arabica and G. alypum. The ingestion of 800 mg/kg of ethnologic extracts of G. arabica and G. alypum for 30 consecutive days by adult female rats had no significant effect on the occurrence of pregnancy. However, the ingestion of extracts of both species increased the number of resorptions and only G. alypum extract caused a significant reduction in the number of viable fetuses. These results indicate that ingestion of G. arabica and G. alypum could have some reproductive toxicity in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Elbetieha
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
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