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Przemieniecki SW, Ruraż K, Kosewska O, Oćwieja M, Gorczyca A. The impact of various forms of silver nanoparticles on the rhizosphere of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) - Shifts in microbiome structure and predicted microbial metabolic functions. Sci Total Environ 2024; 914:169824. [PMID: 38185142 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The study investigated the effects of different silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the soil microbiome and wheat growth. For comparison purposes, a commercial fungicide and silver nitrate (AgNO3) were used. The results revealed three distinct groups of nanoparticles based on their impacts. Small-size AgNPs (10 nm) with a negative charge, as well as fungicide had limited effects on the microbiome, similar to the no-treatment control. Bigger in size (30-60 nm) and a negative charge AgNPs showed the most beneficial effects on soil microbiota shifts. These AgNPs increased the abundance of bacteria with beneficial traits such as nitrogen-fixing, urease, protease, and lignin degradation bacteria. The third type of AgNPs had a positive charge of nanostructure and influenced specific microbial populations, increasing the abundance of anaerobic and autotrophic groups of microorganisms, which could be assessed as a harmful shift for plants growth promotions and was similar to the AgNO3 treatment. Overall, the study emphasized the potential of AgNPs in agriculture not only as biocidal. The conducted study proved that AgNPs with bigger size/negative charge, used in low concentration can have a surprisingly stimulating effect on the positive characteristics of the rhizosphere microbiome. Moreover, the surface charge of AgNPs is a significant factor affecting microbial activity of wheat rhizosphere soil, which in this treatment is significantly similar to the AgNO3 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Karolina Ruraż
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.
| | - Olga Kosewska
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Oćwieja
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Anna Gorczyca
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland.
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Ruraż K, Przemieniecki SW, Błaszak M, Czarnomska SD, Ochmian I, Piwowarczyk R. Stigmas of holoparasitic Phelipanche arenaria (Orobanchaceae) - a suitable ephemeric flower habitat for development unique microbiome. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:486. [PMID: 37821804 PMCID: PMC10566107 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial communities have occasionally been observed in part of the ephemeric reproductive structure of floral stigmas, but their prevalence, phylogenetic diversity and ecological roles are understudied. This report describes the first study of bacterial and fungal communities in immature and mature stigma tissue of the endangered holoparasitic plant Phelipanche arenaria. Culture-dependent methods coupled with next-generation sequencing indicated that a small surface of the flower stigma was an unexpectedly rich and diverse microhabitat for colonization of microbial. We also compared the enzymatic activity of the bacterial communities between immature and mature stigmas samples. RESULTS Using high-throughput sequencing methods, we identified and classified 39 to over 51 OTUs per sample for bacterial OTUs represented by Pantoea agglomerans and P. ananatis, comprising 50.6%, followed by Pseudomonas, Luteibacter spp., Sphingomonas spp. with 17% of total frequency. The bacterial profile of immature stigmas of P. arenaria contained unique microorganisms (21 of the most numerous OTUs) that were not confirmed in mature stigmas. However, the enzymatic activity of bacteria in mature stigmas of P. arenaria showed more activity than observed in immature stigmas. In the fungal profile, we recorded even 80 OTUs in mature stigmas, consisting of Capnodiales 45.03% of the total abundance with 28.27% of frequency was created by Alternaria eichhorniae (10.55%), Mycosphaerella tassiana (9.69%), and Aureobasidium pullulans (8.03%). Additionally, numerous putative plant growth-promoting bacteria, fungal pathogens and pathogen-antagonistic yeasts were also detected. CONCLUSIONS Our study uncovered that P. arenaria stigmas host diverse bacterial and fungal communities. These microorganisms are well known and have been described as beneficial for biotechnological and environmental applications (e.g., production of different enzymes and antimicrobial compounds). This research provided valuable insight into the parasitic plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Ruraż
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magdalena Błaszak
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Sylwia Dagmara Czarnomska
- Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nadwiślańska 108, 80-680 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Ochmian
- Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Renata Piwowarczyk
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
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Matras E, Gorczyca A, Pociecha E, Przemieniecki SW, Zeliszewska P, Ocwieja M. Silver nanoparticles affect wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) germination, seedling blight and yield. Funct Plant Biol 2023; 50:390-406. [PMID: 36944476 DOI: 10.1071/fp22086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of two types of negatively charged quasi-spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at concentrations of 10, 20 and 30mgL-1 and silver ions at a concentration of 30mgL-1 on the growth, selected physiological aspects and yielding of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Tybalt, and on plant resistance to seedling blight. Seed germination, α-amylase activity in seeds, morphology and infestation of seedlings by pathogens were assessed in a hydroponic treatment. Growth rate, PSII efficiency, heading and yield of the same plants were then analysed in pot culture. Results showed that the AgNPs and silver ions had a negative effect on roots, but reduced seedling blight and improved leaf area compared to the control. In addition, the AgNPs reduced with sodium borohydride in the presence of trisodium citrate at concentrations of 10 and 20mgL-1 stimulated germination, α-amylase activity and shoot length, which was not observed in the case of silver ions and the AgNPs reduced with sodium hypophosphite in the presence of sodium hexametaphosphate. In a pot experiment, the AgNPs improved plant growth, PSII efficiency, accelerated heading and increased yield-related parameters compared with the control. Results revealed the interaction strength in the following order: TCSB-AgNPs>SHSH-AgNPs>silver ions. TCSB-AgNPs in the lowest concentration had the most favourable effect, indicating their great potential for use in improving wheat cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Matras
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicz Avenue 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Gorczyca
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicz Avenue 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Pociecha
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Podluzna 3, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawochenskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Paulina Zeliszewska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ocwieja
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
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Ruraż K, Przemieniecki SW, Piwowarczyk R. Interspecies and temporal dynamics of bacterial and fungal microbiomes of pistil stigmas in flowers in holoparasitic plants of the Orobanche series Alsaticae (Orobanchaceae). Sci Rep 2023; 13:6749. [PMID: 37185962 PMCID: PMC10130099 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33676-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the microbiomes of flower parts, and even less information is available regarding these microorganisms' colonization of specific niches in parasitic plants. We investigate the temporal interspecies dynamics of the parasitic plants microbiome of flower stigmas in two stages of development: immature stigmas in flower buds and mature stigmas in opened flowers. We compared two related holoparasitic Orobanche species from localities approximately 90 km apart and characterize their bacterial and fungal communities using 16S rRNA gene and ITS sequences, respectively. We identified from 127 to over 228 OTUs per sample for fungi, sequences belonging to genera: Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Malassezia, Mycosphaerella, and Pleosporales, constituting approximately 53% of the community in total. In the bacterial profile, we recorded 40 to over 68 OTUs per sample consisting of Enterobacteriaceae, and genera Cellulosimicrobium, Pantoea, and Pseudomonas spp., with an approximately 75% frequency. In microbial communities, higher numbers of OTUs colonizing mature stigmas were recorded than in immature. This implies that the dynamics and concurrence of microbial communities were different between O. alsatica and O. bartlingii and underwent significant changes during flower development. To the best of our knowledge, is the first study of the interspecies and temporal dynamics of the bacterial and fungal microbiomes of pistil stigmas in flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Ruraż
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Renata Piwowarczyk
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
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Nogalska A, Przemieniecki SW, Krzebietke SJ, Załuski D, Kosewska A, Skwierawska M, Sienkiewicz S. The Effect of Mealworm Frass on the Chemical and Microbiological Properties of Horticultural Peat in an Incubation Experiment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:21. [PMID: 36612343 PMCID: PMC9819234 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Insect farming is growing in popularity, and in addition to insect meal, it generates waste products such as exuviae and frass, which can be recycled in agriculture. The aim of this incubation experiment was to evaluate the effect of Tenebrio molitor L. frass on selected chemical and biological properties of deacidified peat, which is widely used in horticulture. The optimal rate of frass fertilizer in peat for growing vegetables and ornamental plants was determined, with special emphasis on mineral nitrogen levels. Peat was fertilized with five nitrogen rates, 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg dm-3, and supplied with frass or urea. The study demonstrated that frass can be used as organic fertilizer. An increase in the nitrogen rate significantly increased mineral nitrogen content and electrical conductivity and decreased Ca content in peat. Both frass and urea increased the ammonification rate at the beginning of incubation and the nitrification rate from the second week of the experiment. Higher frass rates (5 and 10 g dm-3) increased the content of plant-available nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, and sodium) in peat as well as the abundance of microorganisms supporting organic matter mineralization. Unlike frass, urea increased the counts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in peat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nogalska
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sławomir Józef Krzebietke
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dariusz Załuski
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kosewska
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Skwierawska
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Stanisław Sienkiewicz
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Krawczyk K, Szabelska-Beręsewicz A, Przemieniecki SW, Szymańczyk M, Obrępalska-Stęplowska A. Insect Gut Bacteria Promoting the Growth of Tomato Plants ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13548. [PMID: 36362334 PMCID: PMC9657159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated gut bacteria from three insect species for the presence of plant growth properties (PGP). Out of 146 bacterial strains obtained from 20 adult specimens of Scolytidae sp., 50 specimens of Oulema melanopus, and 150 specimens of Diabrotica virgifera, we selected 11 strains displaying the following: PGP, phosphate solubility, production of cellulase, siderophore, lipase, protease, and hydrogen cyanide. The strains were tested for growth promotion ability on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants. Each strain was tested individually, and all strains were tested together as a bacterial consortium. Tomato fruit yield was compared with the negative control. The plants treated with bacterial consortium showed a significant increase in fruit yield, in both number of fruits (+41%) and weight of fruits (+44%). The second highest yield was obtained for treatment with Serratia liquefaciens Dv032 strain, where the number and weight of yielded fruits increased by 35% and 30%, respectively. All selected 11 strains were obtained from Western Corn Rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera. The consortium comprised: Ewingella americana, Lactococcus garvieae, L. lactis, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia liquefaciens, and S. plymuthica. To our knowledge, this is the first successful application of D. virgifera gut bacteria for tomato plant growth stimulation that has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Krawczyk
- Department of Virusology and Bacteriology, Institute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznan, Poland
| | - Alicja Szabelska-Beręsewicz
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 28 Wojska Polskiego St, 60-624 Poznan, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mateusz Szymańczyk
- Department of Breeding and Agriculture Technology for Fibrous and Energy Plants, Wojska Polskiego 70B, 60-630 Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Obrępalska-Stęplowska
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, 20 Węgorka St, 60-318 Poznan, Poland
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Przemieniecki SW, Oćwieja M, Ciesielski S, Halecki W, Matras E, Gorczyca A. Chemical Structure of Stabilizing Layers of Negatively Charged Silver Nanoparticles as an Effector of Shifts in Soil Bacterial Microbiome under Short-Term Exposure. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14438. [PMID: 36361318 PMCID: PMC9658158 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have assessed the exposure of soil bacteria from potato monoculture to three types of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as well as silver ions (Ag+ ions) delivered in the form of silver nitrate and a commercially available fungicide. The diversity of the soil microbial community, enzymatic activity, and carbon source utilization were evaluated. It was found that only the fungicide significantly limited the abundance and activity of soil bacteria. Silver ions significantly reduced bacterial metabolic activity. In turn, one type of AgNPs prepared with the use of tannic acid (TA) increased bacterial load and activity. There was found in all AgNPs treated soils (1) a greater proportion of all types of persistent bacteria, i.e., Bacillus, Paenibacillus, and Clostridium; (2) a visible decrease in the proportion of Nocardioides, Arthrobacter, and Candidatus Solibacter; (3) almost complete depletion of Pseudomonas; (4) increase in the number of low-frequency taxa and decrease in dominant taxa compared to the control soil. Despite the general trend of qualitative changes in the bacterial community, it was found that the differences in the chemical structure of the AgNP stabilizing layers had a significant impact on the specific metabolic activity resulting from qualitative changes in the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawochenskiego 17, PL-10721 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magdalena Oćwieja
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sławomir Ciesielski
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45G, PL-10719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wiktor Halecki
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, PL-31120 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewelina Matras
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 21, PL-31120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Gorczyca
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 21, PL-31120 Krakow, Poland
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Matras E, Gorczyca A, Przemieniecki SW, Oćwieja M. Surface properties-dependent antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18046. [PMID: 36302952 PMCID: PMC9613916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22659-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit unusual biocidal properties thanks to which they find a wide range of applications in diverse fields of science and industry. Numerous research studies have been devoted to the bactericidal properties of AgNPs while less attention has been focused on their fungicidal activity. Our studies were therefore oriented toward determining the impact of AgNPs characterized by different physicochemical properties on Fusarium avenaceum and Fusarium equiseti. The main hypothesis assumed that the fungicidal properties of AgNPs characterized by comparable morphology can be shaped by stabilizing agent molecules adsorbed on nanoparticle surfaces. Two types of AgNPs were prepared by the reduction of silver ions with sodium borohydride (SB) in the presence of trisodium citrate (TC) or cysteamine hydrochloride (CH). Both types of AgNPs exhibited a quasi-spherical shape. Citrate-stabilized AgNPs (TCSB-AgNPs) of an average size of 15 ± 4 nm were negatively charged. Smaller (12 ± 4 nm), cysteamine-capped AgNPs (CHSB-AgNPs) were characterized by a positive surface charge and higher silver ion release profile. The phytopathogens were exposed to the AgNPs in three doses equal to 2.5, 5 and 10 mg L-1 over 24 and 240 h. Additionally, the impact of silver ions delivered in the form of silver nitrate and the stabilizing agents of AgNPs on the fungi was also investigated. The response of phytopathogens to these treatments was evaluated by determining mycelial growth, sporulation and changes in the cell morphology. The results of our studies showed that CHSB-AgNPs, especially at a concentration of 10 mg L-1, strongly limited the vegetative mycelium growth of both species for short and long treatment times. The cell imaging revealed that CHSB-AgNPs damaged the conidia membranes and penetrated into the cells, while TCSB-AgNPs were deposited on their surface. The fungistatic (lethal) effect was demonstrated only for silver ions at the highest concentration for the F. equiseti species in the 240 h treatment. The number of spores of both Fusarium species was significantly reduced independently of the type of silver compounds used. Generally, it was found that the positively charged CHSB-AgNPs were more fungicidal than negatively charged TCSB-AgNPs. Thereby, it was established that the stabilizing agents of AgNPs and surface charge play a crucial role in the shaping of their fungicidal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Matras
- grid.410701.30000 0001 2150 7124Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Mickiewicz Ave. 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Gorczyca
- grid.410701.30000 0001 2150 7124Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Mickiewicz Ave. 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magdalena Oćwieja
- grid.413454.30000 0001 1958 0162Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
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Przemieniecki SW, Kosewska A, Kosewska O, Purwin C, Lipiński K, Ciesielski S. Polyethylene, polystyrene and lignocellulose wastes as mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.) diets and their impact on the breeding condition, biometric parameters, metabolism, and digestive microbiome. Sci Total Environ 2022; 832:154758. [PMID: 35339543 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the extent to which a diet of oatmeal and polymers affects the development of mealworms, their microbiome, the biochemical activity of their digestive system, and their feed-metabolizing capacity. With a polystyrene diet, feed loss was most significant, as indicated by FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) of frass, which showed that polystyrene was the only compound that was chemically modified. Compared to the control diet, mealworm larvae developed best on polyethylene regranulate (PE-reg), quickly transiting from one developmental stage to another with minor mass loss. A lignocellulose-based diet was the least beneficial for mealworm development. A polystyrene diet was most beneficial in terms of the protein content in larvae, but the contents and quality (usefulness as food) of fatty acids in the insects fed these wastes were significantly lower than in the control insects. For each diet, specific microbial cultures formed, and the presence of protozoa and various biochemical activities suggested different survival strategies and assimilation mechanisms facilitating survival. Despite profound changes in the microbiota and biochemistry of the digestive tract of mealworms fed waste-based diets, this study indicates their potential for utilizing PE-reg and polystyrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Kosewska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Olga Kosewska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Cezary Purwin
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Lipiński
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sławomir Ciesielski
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Słoneczna 45G, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Przemieniecki SW, Zapałowska A, Skwiercz A, Damszel M, Telesiński A, Sierota Z, Gorczyca A. An evaluation of selected chemical, biochemical, and biological parameters of soil enriched with vermicompost. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:8117-8127. [PMID: 33051843 PMCID: PMC7854409 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10981-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the changes in chemical and microbial properties and enzymatic activity of soil enriched with vermicompost derived from household waste. The vermicompost was tested in the rhizosphere of Larix decidua seedlings cultivated in 10-L pots in: (i) nursery soil (as the control), (ii) soil with 10% v/v vermicompost, and (iii) with 20% v/v vermicompost. The impact of vermicompost was assessed in terms of soil C/N ratio; bacterial, fungal, and nematode counts; and enzymatic activity. It was found that vermicompost increased the C/N ratio from 21 to 32, as well as the content of nitrate from 78 to 134 mg kg-1, of ammonium from 14 to 139 mg kg-1, of phosphorus from 92 to 521 mg kg-1, and of potassium from 142 to 1912 mg kg-1, compared with the control soil. The abundance of beneficial bacteria was increased (from 8.61 × 107 to 37.9 × 107), along with decreases in microbiological ratios of fungi and bacteria (e.g. fungi/Bacillus from 0.18818 to 0.00425). A significant 2- to 4-fold increase was observed compared with the control in the number of beneficial nematodes belonging to bacterivorous, fungivorous, and predatory groups with no change in the abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes. Addition of vermicompost brought about a change in soil enzyme activity. Vermicompost reduced the activity of alkaline phosphatase only. Both doses of vermicompost led to an increase in the activity of acid phosphatase, inorganic pyrophosphatase, dehydrogenases, β-glucosidase, and urease. Only the higher dose had an effect on increasing the activity of o-diphenol oxidase and proteases. No significant change was observed for nitrate reductase. Also, the presence of antibiotics produced by bacteria was detected depending on the dose of vermicompost, e.g. iturin (ituC) and bacillomycin (bmyB) were found in soil with a dose of 20% v/v vermicompost. Overall, vermicompost produced from household waste can be an excellent organic fertilizer for larch forest nurseries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anita Zapałowska
- College of Natural Sciences, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Land Management and Environmental Protection, University of Rzeszów, Cwiklinskiej 1a, 35-601, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Andrzej Skwiercz
- Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Pests Management, Research Institute of Horticulture in Skierniewice, Pomologiczna 18, 96-100, Skierniewice, Poland
| | - Marta Damszel
- Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Sierota
- Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, Department of Forestry and Forest Ecology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 2, 10-727, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Gorczyca
- Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Krakow, Poland
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Fijałkowska M, Przemieniecki SW, Purwin C, Lipiński K, Kurowski TP, Karwowska A. The effect of an additive containing three Lactobacillus species on the fermentation pattern and microbiological status of silage. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:1174-1184. [PMID: 31696525 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriate combinations of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains should be selected to optimize the ensiling process, and the additives should be adjusted to the ensiled forage crops. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inoculation with three Lactobacillus species on the chemical parameters and microbiological quality (beneficial and harmful microbiota) of grass silage. RESULTS Three species: L. paracasei (LPa), L. brevis (LB) and L. plantarum (LPl), isolated from sugar beet silage and characterized based on 16S rDNA sequences and biochemical parameters, were analyzed in the study. Single strains and their combinations were used as silage inoculants. The basic chemical and microbiological (qPCR) parameters of silages were determined. Based on the results of agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) and principal component analysis (PCA) it was determined that silages inoculated with single LAB strains and LPa + LB and commercial additive (0+) were the best quality ones, particularly with regard to microbiological parameters and they effectively lowered the pH value. A consortium of three Lactobacillus species had no influence on silage quality, whereas LPa + LB and LPl + LB combinations as well as a commercial additive exerted positive effects. Inoculation inhibited the growth of toxin-producing fungi. CONCLUSION Only the appropriate LAB composition can improve the quality of the ensiled material (antagonistic relationship). Only the LPa + LB combination was able to improve the value of low dry silage; nevertheless, almost all combinations were able to reduced concentrations of toxin-producing fungi. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Fijałkowska
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | - Cezary Purwin
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Lipiński
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tomasz Paweł Kurowski
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Karwowska
- Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
- Centre for Bioeconomy and Renewable Energies, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Fijałkowska M, Przemieniecki SW, Kurowski T, Lipiński K, Nogalski Z, Purwin C. Ensiling suitability and microbiological quality of Virginia fanpetals biomass. Can J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2016-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Fijałkowska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn , Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Olsztyn, Poland,
| | - Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki
- University of Warmia and Mazury, Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Prawocheńskiego 17, Olsztyn, Warmia and Mazury, Poland, 10-721,
| | - Tomasz Kurowski
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Olsztyn, Poland,
| | - Krzysztof Lipiński
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Olsztyn, Poland,
| | - Zenon Nogalski
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn , Department of Cattle Breeding and Milk Quality Evaluation, Olsztyn, Poland,
| | - Cezary Purwin
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn , Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Olsztyn, Poland,
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