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Mo S, Seo J, Son SK, Kim S, Rhim JW, Lee H. Engineering Two-Dimensional Nodal Semimetals in Functionalized Biphenylene by Fluorine Adatoms. Nano Lett 2024; 24. [PMID: 38607382 PMCID: PMC11057037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
We propose a band engineering scheme on the biphenylene network, a newly synthesized carbon allotrope. We illustrate that the electronic structure of the biphenylene network can be significantly altered by controlling conditions affecting the symmetry and destructive interference of wave functions through periodic fluorination. First, we investigate the mechanism for the appearance of a type-II Dirac fermion in a pristine biphenylene network. We show that the essential ingredients are mirror symmetries and stabilization of the compact localized eigenstates via destructive interference. While the former is used for the band-crossing point along high symmetry lines, the latter induces highly inclined Dirac dispersions. Subsequently, we demonstrate the transformation of the biphenylene network's type-II Dirac semimetal phase into various Dirac phases such as type-I Dirac, gapped type-II Dirac, and nodal line semimetals through the deliberate disruption of mirror symmetry or modulation of destructive interference by varying the concentration of fluorine atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjun Mo
- Department
of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jaeuk Seo
- Department
of Physics, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Department
of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seok-Kyun Son
- Department
of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejoong Kim
- University
of Science and Technology (UST), Gajeong-ro 217, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Korea
Institute for Advanced Study, Hoegiro 85, Seoul 02455, Korea
| | - Jun-Won Rhim
- Research
Center for Novel Epitaxial Quantum Architectures, Department of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department
of Physics, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Hoonkyung Lee
- Department
of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Research
Center for Novel Epitaxial Quantum Architectures, Department of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Kim DH, Lee JH, Son SK, Kim KT. Biocompatible Flexible Carbon Fabric for Joule Heaters With and Without Graphene Oxide Coating. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2021; 21:3697-3700. [PMID: 33715676 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate a carbon-based fabric Joule heater with and without a graphene oxide (GO) thin coating. The electrothermal performance of the carbon fabric used in the Joule heater was obtained using an infrared camera and by conducting electrical measurements. The outer GO could control the electrothermal efficiency and heating rate. In this research work, using the Joule heating of thin graphene films, we report adaptive thermal heating with electrical control covering temperatures ranging 30 to 50 °C (near infrared). This electrothermal GO materials can be potential nano-materials for various functional applications. Moreover, we demonstrate a general approach to achieve spin-coating of GO and confirm its biocompatibility Such biocompatibility indicates the non-toxic nature of GO, thereby extending its possible use in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hoon Kim
- Department of Physics, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeollanam-do 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research & Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Kyun Son
- Department of Physics, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeollanam-do 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Kim
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do 58554, Republic of Korea
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Moon JY, Kim M, Kim SI, Xu S, Choi JH, Whang D, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Park DS, Seo J, Cho SH, Son SK, Lee JH. Layer-engineered large-area exfoliation of graphene. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/44/eabc6601. [PMID: 33115746 PMCID: PMC7608796 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc6601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The competition between quality and productivity has been a major issue for large-scale applications of two-dimensional materials (2DMs). Until now, the top-down mechanical cleavage method has guaranteed pure perfect 2DMs, but it has been considered a poor option in terms of manufacturing. Here, we present a layer-engineered exfoliation technique for graphene that not only allows us to obtain large-size graphene, up to a millimeter size, but also allows selective thickness control. A thin metal film evaporated on graphite induces tensile stress such that spalling occurs, resulting in exfoliation of graphene, where the number of exfoliated layers is adjusted by using different metal films. Detailed spectroscopy and electron transport measurement analysis greatly support our proposed spalling mechanism and fine quality of exfoliated graphene. Our layer-engineered exfoliation technique can pave the way for the development of a manufacturing-scale process for graphene and other 2DMs in electronics and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yun Moon
- Department of Energy Systems Research and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Seung-Il Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuigang Xu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jun-Hui Choi
- Department of Physics, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmok Whang
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16409, Republic of Korea
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Dong Seop Park
- Mobile Display Process Architecture, Samsung Display, Asan 31454, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Seo
- Mobile Display Process Architecture, Samsung Display, Asan 31454, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Cho
- Mobile Display Process Architecture, Samsung Display, Asan 31454, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seok-Kyun Son
- Department of Physics, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.
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Shi Y, Xu S, Yang Y, Slizovskiy S, Morozov SV, Son SK, Ozdemir S, Mullan C, Barrier J, Yin J, Berdyugin AI, Piot BA, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Fal’ko VI, Novoselov KS, Geim AK, Mishchenko A. Electronic phase separation in multilayer rhombohedral graphite. Nature 2020; 584:210-214. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2568-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Choi H, Kim M, Moon JY, Lee JH, Son SK. One-Dimensional Poisson Calculation for Electrically Controlled Band Bending in GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructure. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2020; 20:4428-4431. [PMID: 31968489 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2020.17559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe the band-bending situation for introducing electrons in an undoped GaAs and AlGaAs quantum well. Our calculation has shown that an externally applied electric field can modulate two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) without standard modulation doping. The topic of electrically modulated 2DEG has only background impurities, no intentional dopants, so scattering or dephasing by background potential fluctuations should be much reduced. Using our calculation, it is straightforward to confine carriers (in the range of 1010~1011 cm-2), when the external electric field is more than threshold voltage, 4 V to the surface metal gate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungkook Choi
- Department of Physics, Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- School of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Ji-Yun Moon
- Department of Energy Systems Research & Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research & Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Kyun Son
- Department of Physics, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeollanam-do 58554, Republic of Korea
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McManus D, Vranic S, Withers F, Sanchez-Romaguera V, Macucci M, Yang H, Sorrentino R, Parvez K, Son SK, Iannaccone G, Kostarelos K, Fiori G, Casiraghi C. Water-based and biocompatible 2D crystal inks for all-inkjet-printed heterostructures. Nat Nanotechnol 2017; 12:343-350. [PMID: 28135260 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2016.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting the properties of two-dimensional crystals requires a mass production method able to produce heterostructures of arbitrary complexity on any substrate. Solution processing of graphene allows simple and low-cost techniques such as inkjet printing to be used for device fabrication. However, the available printable formulations are still far from ideal as they are either based on toxic solvents, have low concentration, or require time-consuming and expensive processing. In addition, none is suitable for thin-film heterostructure fabrication due to the re-mixing of different two-dimensional crystals leading to uncontrolled interfaces and poor device performance. Here, we show a general approach to achieve inkjet-printable, water-based, two-dimensional crystal formulations, which also provide optimal film formation for multi-stack fabrication. We show examples of all-inkjet-printed heterostructures, such as large-area arrays of photosensors on plastic and paper and programmable logic memory devices. Finally, in vitro dose-escalation cytotoxicity assays confirm the biocompatibility of the inks, extending their possible use to biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryl McManus
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Sandra Vranic
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, AV Hill Building, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Freddie Withers
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Veronica Sanchez-Romaguera
- Manchester Enterprise Centre, Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9SS, UK
| | - Massimo Macucci
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Huafeng Yang
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | | | - Khaled Parvez
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Seok-Kyun Son
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Giuseppe Iannaccone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, AV Hill Building, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Gianluca Fiori
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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Abstract
Two new one-dimensional single azide-bridged metal(II) compounds [[M(5-methylpyrazole)4(N3)]n](ClO4)n(H2O)n [M = Co (1a), Ni (2a)] were prepared by treating an M(II) ion with stoichiometric amount of sodium azide in the presence of four equivalents of the 3(5)-methylpyrazole ligand. The isostructural compounds 1a and 2a crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n. The azide bridging ligands have a unique end-to-end coordination mode that brings two neighboring metal centers into a cis-position with respect to the azide unit to form single end-to-end azide-bridged cobalt(II) and nickel(II) chains. The two neighboring metal atoms at inversion centers adopt octahedral environments with four equatorial 3(5)-methylpyrazole ligands and two axial azide bridges. Two adjacent equatorial least-squares planes form dihedral angles of 60.5 degrees and 60.6 degrees for Co and Ni, respectively. In addition, the metal-azide-metal units form large M-N3-M torsion angles, which are magnetically important geometrical parameters, of 71.6 degrees for M=Co and 75.7 degrees for M=Ni. It should also be noted that the M-N-N angles associated with end-to-end azide group, another magnetically important structural parameter, fall into the experimentally observed range of 120-140 degrees as 128.3(3) and 147.8(3) degrees for cobalt species and 128.4(2) and 146.1(3) degrees for nickel species; these values deviate from the theoretical value of around 164 degrees at which the incidental orthogonality is achieved under the torsion angle of 0 degrees. The compounds 1a and 2a have unique magnetic properties of ferromagnetism, zero-field splitting, and spin canting. The MO calculations indicate that the quasiorthogonality between the magnetic orbitals of metal ions and the p atomic orbitals of the bridging azide is possible in the observed structures and leads to the ferromagnetism. The spin canting related to the perturbation of ferromagnetism arises from the magnetic anisotropy and antisymmetric interactions judged by the structural parameters of the zero-field splitting and the tilted MN4 planes in a chain. The enhancement of magnetic interactions was accomplished by dehydrating the chain compounds to afford two soft magnets with critical temperature T(C) and coercive field of 2 K and 35 G for 1b and 2.3 K and 20 G for 2b, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Hong
- Department of Chemistry, School of Molecular Science and Center for Molecular Design and Synthesis, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon
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