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Kim J, Kim JJ, Kim SW, Choi J, Kim H, Kim J, Chung J. Safety and efficacy of the novel Alpha stent for the treatment of intracranial wide-necked aneurysm. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8723. [PMID: 38622273 PMCID: PMC11018798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59363-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The Alpha stent is an intracranial closed-cell stent with a unique mesh design to enhance wall apposition. It recently underwent structural modifications to facilitate easier stent deployment. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of stent-assisted coil embolization for unruptured intracranial aneurysms using the Alpha stent. Between January 2021 and November 2021, 35 adult patients with 35 unruptured intracranial aneurysms in the distal internal carotid artery were prospectively enrolled. For efficacy outcomes, magnetic resonance angiography at the 6-month follow-up was evaluated using the Raymond-Roy occlusion classification (RROC). The safety outcome evaluated the occurrence of symptomatic procedure-related neurological complications up to 6 months postoperatively. Technical success was achieved in 34/35 (97.1%). Six months postoperatively, aneurysm occlusion showed RROC I in 32/35 (91.4%) and RROC II in 3/35 (8.6%) patients. Procedure-related neurologic complications occurred in one patient (2.9%) who experienced hemiparesis due to acute lacunar infarction, which resulted in a 6-month mRS score of 1. The Alpha stent demonstrated excellent efficacy and safety outcomes in stent-assisted coil embolization of unruptured distal ICA aneurysms. The recent structural modifications allowed for easier stent delivery and deployment.Clinical trial registration number: KCT0005841; registration date: 28/01/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyung Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Jae Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 20 Eonju-Ro 63-Gil, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06229, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Choi
- Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Healthcare System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanki Kim
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Kim
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonho Chung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 20 Eonju-Ro 63-Gil, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06229, Republic of Korea.
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Park J, Park IS, Kim JH, Ji JH, Park SJ, Park JJ, Kim TI, Kim SW, Cheon JH. New genetic biomarkers predicting 5-aminosalicylate-induced adverse events in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2024; 17:17562848241227029. [PMID: 38282956 PMCID: PMC10822078 DOI: 10.1177/17562848241227029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Notably, 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASA) are vital in treating inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The adverse events of 5-ASA rarely occur but they could be fatal. Objectives We aimed to discover new genetic biomarkers predicting 5-ASA-induced adverse events in patients with IBD. Design This was a retrospective observational study. Methods We performed a genome-wide association study on patients with IBD in South Korea. We defined subset 1 as 39 all adverse events and 272 controls; subset 2 as 20 severe adverse events and 291 controls (mild adverse events and control); subset 3 as 20 severe adverse events and 272 controls; and subset 4 as 19 mild adverse events and 272 controls. Logistic regression analysis was performed and commonly found associated genes were determined as candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms predicting 5-ASA adverse events. Results Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) were significantly negatively associated with the development of adverse events compared to patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) (5.3% versus 22.9%). However, sex and age at diagnosis were unassociated with the adverse events of 5-ASA. rs13898676 [odds ratio (OR), 20.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 5.69-72.67; p = 3.57 × e-6], rs12681590 (OR, 7.35; 95% CI, 2.85-19.00; p = 3.78 × e-5), rs10967320 (OR, 4.51; 95% CI, 2.18-9.31; p = 4.72 × e-5), and rs78726924 (OR, 3.54; 95% CI, 1.69-7.40; p = 7.96 × e-5) were genetic biomarkers predicting 5-ASA-induced severe adverse events in patients with IBD. Conclusion The adverse events of 5-ASA were more common in patients with UC than those with CD in our study. We found that novel rs13898676 nearby WSB2 was the most significant genetic locus contributing to 5-ASA's adverse event risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Center of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - I. Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Ji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Center of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Jung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Center of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Jun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Center of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Center of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Center of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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3
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Kim SW, Kim YT, Tsang YF, Lee J. Sustainable ethylene production: Recovery from plastic waste via thermochemical processes. Sci Total Environ 2023; 903:166789. [PMID: 37666332 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The concept of monomer recovery from plastic waste has recently gained broad interest in industry as a powerful strategy to reduce the environmental impacts of chemical production and plastic waste pollution. Herein, we focus on the ethylene recovery from plastic waste via thermochemical pathways, such as pyrolysis, gasification, and steam cracking of pyrolysis oil derived from plastic waste. Ethylene recovery performance of different thermochemical conversion processes is evaluated and compared with respect to plastic waste types, process types, ethylene recovery yields, and process operating conditions. Based on the analysis of available data in earlier literature, future research is recommended to further enhance the viability of the thermochemical ethylene recovery technologies. This review is expected to offer a meaningful guideline on developing efficient platforms for the value-added monomer recovery from plastic waste through thermochemical conversion routes. It is also hoped that this review serves as a preliminary step to encourage the widespread adoption of thermochemical conversion-based ethylene recovery from plastic waste by industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Won Kim
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Tae Kim
- Chemical and Process Technology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Yiu Fai Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies and State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution (SKLMP), The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong.
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Cha SM, Shin HD, Kim SW. Volar Locking Plate Fixation for Distal Radius Fractures Distal to the Watershed Line with an Intact Lunate Volar Rim. J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol 2023; 28:708-716. [PMID: 38073409 DOI: 10.1142/s2424835523500753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: We treated distal radius fractures (DRFs) beyond the watershed line without fracture of the lunate volar rim using a volar locking plate (VLP) and report the radiological and clinical outcomes at least 3 years after surgery. Methods: In 41 consecutive patients between January 2012 and August 2017, the fragment was composed of the radial styloid process (distal to the watershed line) and the lunate volar rim was intact. We evaluated demographic factors, radiological features and radiological/clinical outcomes at the final follow-up. Results: Twenty-nine patients were followed and evaluated. The mean follow-up period was 5.7 years. The mean patient age was 52.7 years and 24 patients had intracapsular intra-articular fractures. The fracture line was present in the lunate fossa in all patients. Twenty patients were classified as Soong grade 2, and five and four patients were grades 1 and 0, respectively. No radiological parameter (volar tilt, radial inclination, step-off and ulnar variance) was significantly different between the affected and contralateral normal sides. The mean visual analogue scale pain score and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score, as well as the range of movement of the wrist, were not different between the affected and contralateral normal wrists. Finally, the grip strength on the affected side was 92% of the contralateral value. Major complications, such as nonunion, malunion and tendon rupture, were absent. Conclusions: DRFs distal to the watershed line with an intact lunate volar rim are rare and easy to miss. Careful inspection of 3D-CT images is necessary to determine these injuries, and the optimal choice for proper fixation of the fragment amongst the commercial VLPs would result in satisfactory radiological and clinical outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Min Cha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Regional Rheumatoid and Degenerative Arthritis Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Dae Shin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Regional Rheumatoid and Degenerative Arthritis Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Regional Rheumatoid and Degenerative Arthritis Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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5
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Abbasi RU, Allen MG, Arimura R, Belz JW, Bergman DR, Blake SA, Shin BK, Buckland IJ, Cheon BG, Fujii T, Fujisue K, Fujita K, Fukushima M, Furlich GD, Gerber ZR, Globus N, Hibino K, Higuchi R, Honda K, Ikeda D, Ito H, Iwasaki A, Jeong S, Jeong HM, Jui CH, Kadota K, Kakimoto F, Kalashev OE, Kasahara K, Kawata K, Kharuk I, Kido E, Kim SW, Kim HB, Kim JH, Kim JH, Komae I, Kubota Y, Kuznetsov MY, Lee KH, Lubsandorzhiev BK, Lundquist JP, Matthews JN, Nagataki S, Nakamura T, Nakazawa A, Nonaka T, Ogio S, Ono M, Oshima H, Park IH, Potts M, Pshirkov S, Remington JR, Rodriguez DC, Rott C, Rubtsov GI, Ryu D, Sagawa H, Sakaki N, Sako T, Sakurai N, Shin H, Smith JD, Sokolsky P, Stokes BT, Stroman TS, Takahashi K, Takeda M, Taketa A, Tameda Y, Thomas S, Thomson GB, Tinyakov PG, Tkachev I, Tomida T, Troitsky SV, Tsunesada Y, Udo S, Urban FR, Wong T, Yamazaki K, Yuma Y, Zhezher YV, Zundel Z. An extremely energetic cosmic ray observed by a surface detector array. Science 2023; 382:903-907. [PMID: 37995237 DOI: 10.1126/science.abo5095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Cosmic rays are energetic charged particles from extraterrestrial sources, with the highest-energy events thought to come from extragalactic sources. Their arrival is infrequent, so detection requires instruments with large collecting areas. In this work, we report the detection of an extremely energetic particle recorded by the surface detector array of the Telescope Array experiment. We calculate the particle's energy as [Formula: see text] (~40 joules). Its arrival direction points back to a void in the large-scale structure of the Universe. Possible explanations include a large deflection by the foreground magnetic field, an unidentified source in the local extragalactic neighborhood, or an incomplete knowledge of particle physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R U Abbasi
- Physics Department, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M G Allen
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - R Arimura
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - J W Belz
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - D R Bergman
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - S A Blake
- Stellar Science, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - B K Shin
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 44919, Ulsan, Korea
| | - I J Buckland
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - B G Cheon
- Department of Physics and The Research Institute of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - T Fujii
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
- Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - K Fujisue
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - K Fujita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - M Fukushima
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - G D Furlich
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Z R Gerber
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - N Globus
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - K Hibino
- Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - R Higuchi
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - K Honda
- University of Yamanashi, Kofu, 400-8510, Japan
| | - D Ikeda
- Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - H Ito
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - A Iwasaki
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - S Jeong
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - H M Jeong
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - C H Jui
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - K Kadota
- Department of Natural Sciences, Tokyo City University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan
| | - F Kakimoto
- Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - O E Kalashev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - K Kasahara
- Shibauta Institute of Technology and Sicence, Fukasaku 307, Minuma-ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Kawata
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - I Kharuk
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - E Kido
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - S W Kim
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - H B Kim
- Department of Physics and The Research Institute of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - J H Kim
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - I Komae
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Kubota
- Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - M Y Kuznetsov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - K H Lee
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - B K Lubsandorzhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - J P Lundquist
- Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - J N Matthews
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - S Nagataki
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - A Nakazawa
- Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - T Nonaka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Ogio
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - M Ono
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - H Oshima
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - I H Park
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - M Potts
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - S Pshirkov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - J R Remington
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Martin Road, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - D C Rodriguez
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - C Rott
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - G I Rubtsov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - D Ryu
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 44919, Ulsan, Korea
| | - H Sagawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - N Sakaki
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - T Sako
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - N Sakurai
- Faculty of Design Technology, 3-1-1 Nakagaito, Daito City, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Shin
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - J D Smith
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - P Sokolsky
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - B T Stokes
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - T S Stroman
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - K Takahashi
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - M Takeda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - A Taketa
- Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Y Tameda
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan
| | - S Thomas
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - G B Thomson
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - P G Tinyakov
- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, bvd du Triomphe CP225, Brussels, Belgium
| | - I Tkachev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - T Tomida
- Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - S V Troitsky
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - S Udo
- Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - F R Urban
- The Central European Institute for Cosmology and Fundamental Physics, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Wong
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - K Yamazaki
- College of Engineering, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Y Yuma
- Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - Y V Zhezher
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - Z Zundel
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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6
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Jung ES, Ellinghaus D, Degenhardt F, Meguro A, Khor SS, Mucha S, Wendorff M, Juzenas S, Mizuki N, Tokunaga K, Kim SW, Lee MG, Schreiber S, Kim WH, Franke A, Cheon JH. Genome-wide association analysis reveals the associations of NPHP4, TYW1-AUTS2 and SEMA6D for Behçet's disease and HLA-B*46:01 for its intestinal involvement. Dig Liver Dis 2023:S1590-8658(23)01010-1. [PMID: 37977914 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal involvement in Behçet's disease (BD) is associated with poor prognosis and is more prevalent in East Asian than in Mediterranean populations. Identifying the genetic causes of intestinal BD is important for understanding the pathogenesis and for appropriate treatment of BD patients. METHODS We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and imputation/replication genotyping of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles for 1,689 Korean and Turkish patients with BD (including 379 patients with intestinal BD) and 2,327 healthy controls, followed by replication using 593 Japanese patients with BD (101 patients with intestinal BD) and 737 healthy controls. Stratified cross-phenotype analyses were performed for 1) overall BD, 2) intestinal BD, and 3) intestinal BD without association of overall BD. RESULTS We identified three novel genome-wide significant susceptibility loci including NPHP4 (rs74566205; P=1.36 × 10-8), TYW1-AUTS2 (rs60021986; P=1.14 × 10-9), and SEMA6D (rs4143322; P=5.54 × 10-9) for overall BD, and a new association with HLA-B*46:01 for intestinal BD (P=1.67 × 10-8) but not for BD without intestinal involvement. HLA peptide binding analysis revealed that Mycobacterial peptides, have a stronger binding affinity to HLA-B*46:01 compared to the known risk allele HLA-B*51:01. CONCLUSIONS HLA-B*46:01 is associated with the development of intestinal BD; NPHP4, TYW1-AUTS2, and SEMA6D are susceptibility loci for overall BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Suk Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Frauke Degenhardt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Akira Meguro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Seik-Soon Khor
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sören Mucha
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mareike Wendorff
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Simonas Juzenas
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany; Institute of Biotechnology, Life Science Centre, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Nobuhisa Mizuki
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Goo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Won Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Kim SW, Lee JY, Lee HC, Ahn JB, Kim JH, Park IS, Cheon JH, Kim DH. Downregulation of Heat Shock Protein 72 Contributes to Fibrostenosis in Crohn's Disease. Gut Liver 2023; 17:905-915. [PMID: 36814356 PMCID: PMC10651382 DOI: 10.5009/gnl220308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Crohn's disease (CD) with recurrent inflammation can cause intestinal fibrostenosis due to dysregulated deposition of extracellular matrix. However, little is known about the pathogenesis of fibrostenosis. Here, we performed a differential proteomic analysis between normal, inflamed, and fibrostenotic specimens of patients with CD and investigated the roles of the candidate proteins in myofibroblast activation and fibrosis. Methods We performed two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and identified candidate proteins using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and orbitrap liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We also verified the levels of candidate proteins in clinical specimens and examined their effects on 18Co myofibroblasts and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. Results We identified five of 30 proteins (HSP72, HSPA5, KRT8, PEPCK-M, and FABP6) differentially expressed in fibrostenotic CD. Among these proteins, the knockdown of heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) promoted the activation and wound healing of myofibroblasts. Moreover, knockdown of HSP72 induced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of intestinal epithelial cells by reducing E-cadherin and inducing fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin, which contribute to fibrosis. Conclusions HSP72 is an important mediator that regulates myofibroblasts and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in fibrosis of CD, suggesting that HSP72 can serve as a target for antifibrotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lee
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Cheol Lee
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Bum Ahn
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk Hwan Kim
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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8
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Kim SW, Cho WK, Kim H, Park W. Reappraisal of an Adequate Negative Margin Following Breast Conservation Therapy in Young Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e186-e187. [PMID: 37784815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) This study aimed to examine the relationship between resection margin (RM) width and ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR). The current definition of an adequate negative margin was validated in young breast cancer patients (<40 years). MATERIALS/METHODS This study included 4,042 patients who underwent breast conservation therapy between 2006 and 2012. There were 595 women <40 years (14.7%). Re-excision to achieve a wider RM was not considered in patients with no ink on tumor. Systemic treatments were administered in 3,985 patients (98.6%). The impact of RM width on the incidence of IBTR was assessed using narrowly specified intervals (positive, >0 to <1 mm, 1 to <2 mm, 2 to <3 mm, and ≥3 mm). RESULTS A significant relationship was observed between RM width and incidence of IBTR. In young women, the 10-year cumulative incidence rates of IBTR were 21.6% for positive RM, 13.9% for >0 to <1 mm, 10.9% for 1 to <2 mm, 5.7% for 2 to <3 mm, and 5.8% for ≥3 mm (p <0.01). The corresponding incidence rates of IBTR in women ≥40 years were 8.6%, 8.0%, 4.4%, 2.7%, and 2.1%, respectively (p <0.01). The difference in the incidence of IBTR between each RM width interval increased over time, and the magnitude of the increment was greater in young women. RM width was the only risk factor for IBTR in young women. CONCLUSION The relationship between RM width and IBTR was definite in young women. Compared with women ≥40 years, young women might have long-term benefits from a wider RM than no ink on tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - W K Cho
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - W Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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9
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Lee JY, Ma HW, Kim JH, Park IS, Son M, Ryu KH, Shin J, Kim SW, Cheon JH. Novel Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitor Confers Anti-inflammatory Effects and Enhances Gut Barrier Function. Gut Liver 2023; 17:766-776. [PMID: 36167345 PMCID: PMC10502503 DOI: 10.5009/gnl220159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims The purpose of the current study was to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of CKD-506, a novel histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor, on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CD4+ T cells and to explore the relationship between CKD-506 and gut epithelial barrier function. Methods Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human PBMCs from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients were treated with CKD-506, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The proliferation of CD4+ T cells from IBD patients was evaluated using flow cytometric analysis. The effects of CKD-506 on gut barrier function in a cell line and colon organoids, based on examinations of mRNA production, goblet cell differentiation, and E-cadherin recovery, were investigated using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, and a fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran permeability assay. Results Secretion of TNF-α, a pivotal pro-inflammatory mediator in IBD, by lipopolysaccharide-triggered PBMCs was markedly decreased by CKD-506 treatment in a dose-dependent manner and to a greater extent than by tofacitinib or tubastatin A treatment. E-cadherin mRNA expression and goblet cell differentiation increased significantly and dose-dependently in HT-29 cells in response to CKD-506, and inhibition of E-cadherin loss after TNF-α stimulation was significantly reduced both in HT-29 cells and gut organoids. Caco-2 cells treated with CKD-506 showed a significant reduction in barrier permeability in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that CKD-506 has anti-inflammatory effects on PBMCs and CD4 T cells and improves gut barrier function, suggesting its potential as a small-molecule therapeutic option for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Young Lee
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mijeong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keun Ho Ryu
- Department of Non-Clinical Study, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co., Yongin, Korea
| | - Jieun Shin
- Department of Non-Clinical Study, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co., Yongin, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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10
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Park IS, Kim JH, Yu J, Shin Y, Kim K, Kim TI, Kim SW, Cheon JH. Bifidobacterium breve CBT BR3 is effective at relieving intestinal inflammation by augmenting goblet cell regeneration. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:1346-1354. [PMID: 37157108 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Bifidobacterium breve was the first bacteria isolated in the feces of healthy infants and is a dominant species in the guts of breast-fed infants. Some strains of B. breve have been shown to be effective at relieving intestinal inflammation, but the modes of action have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of action of B. breve CBT BR3 isolated from South Korean infant feces in relieving colitis in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Colitis was induced in mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS). Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, in vitro FITC-dextran flux permeability assay, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) luciferase assay are performed using Caco-2 cells and HT29-Lucia™ AhR cells. RESULTS B. breve CBT BR3 was orally administered. B. breve CBT BR3 improved colitis symptoms in both DSS- and DNBS-induced colitis models. B. breve CBT BR3 increased the number of goblet cells per crypt. B. breve increased the mRNA expressions of Notch, Spdef, Muc5, and Il22. The mRNA expressions of Occludin, which encodes a membrane tight-junction protein, and Foxo3, which encodes a protein related to butyrate metabolism, were also increased in the DSS- and DNBS-induced colitis models. B. breve CBT BR3 protected inflammation-induced epithelial cell permeability and improved goblet cell function by inducing aryl hydrocarbon receptor in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that B. breve CBT BR3 is effective at relieving intestinal inflammation by augmenting goblet cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongwook Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - YooJin Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kibeom Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Chan YKS, Affendi YA, Ang PO, Baria-Rodriguez MV, Chen CA, Chui APY, Giyanto, Glue M, Huang H, Kuo CY, Kim SW, Lam VYY, Lane DJW, Lian JS, Lin SMNN, Lunn Z, Nañola CL, Nguyen VL, Park HS, Suharsono, Sutthacheep M, Vo ST, Vibol O, Waheed Z, Yamano H, Yeemin T, Yong E, Kimura T, Tun K, Chou LM, Huang D. Decadal stability in coral cover could mask hidden changes on reefs in the East Asian Seas. Commun Biol 2023; 6:630. [PMID: 37301948 PMCID: PMC10257672 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Coral reefs in the Central Indo-Pacific region comprise some of the most diverse and yet threatened marine habitats. While reef monitoring has grown throughout the region in recent years, studies of coral reef benthic cover remain limited in spatial and temporal scales. Here, we analysed 24,365 reef surveys performed over 37 years at 1972 sites throughout East Asia by the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network using Bayesian approaches. Our results show that overall coral cover at surveyed reefs has not declined as suggested in previous studies and compared to reef regions like the Caribbean. Concurrently, macroalgal cover has not increased, with no indications of phase shifts from coral to macroalgal dominance on reefs. Yet, models incorporating socio-economic and environmental variables reveal negative associations of coral cover with coastal urbanisation and sea surface temperature. The diversity of reef assemblages may have mitigated cover declines thus far, but climate change could threaten reef resilience. We recommend prioritisation of regionally coordinated, locally collaborative long-term studies for better contextualisation of monitoring data and analyses, which are essential for achieving reef conservation goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K S Chan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Y A Affendi
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - P O Ang
- Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M V Baria-Rodriguez
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon, Philippines
| | - C A Chen
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - A P Y Chui
- Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Giyanto
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - M Glue
- Fauna & Flora International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - H Huang
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - C-Y Kuo
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S W Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - V Y Y Lam
- Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Washington D.C., USA
- Marine Spatial Ecology Lab, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - D J W Lane
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
| | - J S Lian
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - S M N N Lin
- Fauna & Flora International, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Z Lunn
- Fauna & Flora International, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - C L Nañola
- University of the Philippines Mindanao, Davao, Philippines
| | - V L Nguyen
- Institute of Oceanography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - H S Park
- Korean Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suharsono
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - M Sutthacheep
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S T Vo
- Institute of Oceanography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - O Vibol
- Department of Fisheries Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Z Waheed
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - H Yamano
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukaba, Japan
| | - T Yeemin
- Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - E Yong
- Reef Check Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
| | - T Kimura
- Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network East Asia Region, Tokyo, Japan
- Palau International Coral Reef Center, Koror, Palau
| | - K Tun
- Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network East Asia Region, Tokyo, Japan
- National Biodiversity Centre, National Parks Board, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L M Chou
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - D Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Nature-based Climate Solutions, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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12
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Park J, An H, Lim J, Park IS, Kim MH, Kim JH, Kim SW, Koh YI, Lee EY, Cheon JH. Interplay between chronic inflammation and clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in Behçet's disease. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:33. [PMID: 36864496 PMCID: PMC9979406 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03014-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a predisposition to haematological malignancy whose relationship with chronic inflammatory diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, has been highlighted. Here, we aimed to investigate the CHIP emergence rate and its association with inflammatory markers in Behçet's disease (BD). METHODS We performed targeted next-generation sequencing to detect the presence of CHIP using peripheral blood cells from 117 BD patients and 5004 healthy controls between March 2009 and September 2021 and analysed the association between CHIP and inflammatory markers. RESULTS CHIP was detected in 13.9% of patients in the control group and 11.1% of patients in the BD group, indicating no significant intergroup difference. Among the BD patients of our cohort, five variants (DNMT3A, TET2, ASXL1, STAG2, and IDH2) were detected. DNMT3A mutations were the most common, followed by TET2 mutations. CHIP carriers with BD had a higher serum platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein level; older age; and lower serum albumin level at diagnosis than non-CHIP carriers with BD. However, the significant association between inflammatory markers and CHIP disappeared after the adjustment for various variables, including age. Moreover, CHIP was not an independent risk factor for poor clinical outcomes in patients with BD. CONCLUSIONS Although BD patients did not have higher CHIP emergence rates than the general population, older age and degree of inflammation in BD were associated with CHIP emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Jiwoo Lim
- Genome Opinion Inc, Seoul, South Korea
| | - I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi Hyun Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Il Koh
- Genome Opinion Inc, Seoul, South Korea.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea. .,Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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13
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Ma HW, Kim JM, Kim DH, Park IS, Kim JH, Park KC, Seo DH, Kim JH, Che X, Kim TI, Cheon JH, Kim SW. Olfactomedin 4 produces dysplasia but suppresses metastasis of colon cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 30:694-703. [PMID: 36577836 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Development of colorectal cancer (CRC) is regulated by a series of genetic and microenvironmental alterations. Olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4) is a secreted glycoprotein that is highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and modulates inflammation. However, the role of OLFM4 in CRC is uncertain. Here we aimed to explore the function of OLFM4 in CRC in vivo and in vitro. The mRNA expression of OLFM4 was up-regulated in precursor lesions with dysplasia or ulcerative colitis but was reduced in CRC. OLFM4 neutralizing antibody suppressed inflammation-mediated early-stage CRC formation in an AOM/DSS colitis-associated cancer model. OLFM4 knockdown cells exhibited increased cell proliferation and motility in vitro and in vivo. Ablation of OLFM4 increased tumor growth and metastasis in xenograft experiments. In addition, OLFM4 knockdown cells showed elevated expression of colon cancer stem cell markers including CD133, resulting in increased metastasis via epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling. This study demonstrated that OLFM4 regulates inflammation and cancer progression differently; ablation of OLFM4 promotes cancer metastasis via stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These results suggest a new route for controlling cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Cheong Park
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hyuk Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xiumei Che
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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14
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Bae SA, Cha JJ, Kim SW, Lim S, Kim JH, Joo HJ, Park JH, Park SM, Hong SJ, Yu CW, Lim DS, Jeong MH, Ahn TH. Effect of an early invasive strategy based on time of symptom onset in patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A limitation of the current guidelines of the timing of invasive coronary angiography (ICA) for patients with non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE) acute coronary syndrome is based on randomization time. So far, no study has reported the clinical outcomes of invasive strategy timing based on the time of symptom onset. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect of invasive strategy timing from the time of symptom onset on the 3-year clinical outcomes of patients with NSTE myocardial infarction (MI).
Methods and results
Among 13,104 patients from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institutes of Health, we evaluated 5,856 patients with NSTEMI. The patients were categorized according to symptom-to-catheter (StC) time (<48 h and ≥48 h). The primary outcome was 3-year all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome was a 3-year composite of all-cause mortality, recurrent MI, and hospitalization for heart failure. Overall, 3,919 (66.9%) patients were classified into the StC time <48 h group. This group had lower all-cause mortality than the StC time ≥48 h group (7.3% vs. 13.4%, p<0.001). The continuous association of StC time and risk of primary and secondary endpoints showed shorter StC time (reference: 48 h), and lower adjusted hazard ratio reduction was observed. In multivariable analysis, independent predictors of delayed ICA were older age, non-specific symptoms, no use of emergency medical services, no ST-segment deviation, chronic kidney disease, and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events score >140.
Conclusion
Early invasive strategy based on the StC time improves all-cause mortality in patients with NSTEMI.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Bae
- Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Yongin , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J J Cha
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S W Kim
- Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Gwangmyeong , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Kim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Joo
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S M Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hong
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - D S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - M H Jeong
- Chonnam National University Medical School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Gwangju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - T H Ahn
- Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Gwangmyeong , Korea (Republic of)
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15
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Doo JG, Min HK, Choi GW, Kim SW, Min JY. Analysis of predisposing factors in unilateral maxillary sinus fungal ball: the predictive role of odontogenic and anatomical factors. Rhinology 2022; 60:377-383. [PMID: 35856790 DOI: 10.4193/rhin22.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of maxillary sinus fungal ball (MSFB) is explained by aerogenic and odontogenic factors. We evaluated the predisposing factors, including intranasal anatomical and dental factors for increased diagnostic accuracy. METHODOLOGY In this study, 117 patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for unilateral MSFB were included. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were used to analyze the presence of anatomical variations (anterior and posterior nasal septal deviation (NSD), concha bullosa (CB), infraorbital cell (haller cell), paradoxical middle turbinate, everted uncinate process and MS size). Dental factors including history of dental procedures and findings on CT scans were reviewed. RESULTS Anterior and posterior NSD toward non-affected side were significantly associated with the presence of FB. The presence of CB and infraorbital cell was higher in the non-affected side rather than in the lesion side. Compared to non-affected MS, FB-presence MS was shallower and had a larger height to depth ratio. The presence of dental history was significantly higher on FB-presence MS than non-affected MS. In multivariable analysis, posterior NSD toward non-affected side, dental history increased the aOR of MSFB, while the presence of CB and infraorbital cell decreased the aOR of MSFB. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of MSFB seems to be associated with ipsilateral odontogenic factors, followed by anatomic variations including posterior NSD toward non-affected side and absence of CB and infraorbital cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Doo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H K Min
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - G W Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-Y Min
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Son M, Park IS, Kim S, Ma HW, Kim JH, Kim TI, Kim WH, Han J, Kim SW, Cheon JH. Novel Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker, Tegoprazan, Protects Against Colitis by Improving Gut Barrier Function. Front Immunol 2022; 13:870817. [PMID: 35693794 PMCID: PMC9174989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.870817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder characterized by prolonged inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD can result from gut barrier dysfunction, altered gut microbiota, and abnormal intestinal immunity induced by environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as rabeprazole are frequently employed for gastric acid inhibition. However, long-term PPI administration can alter the intestinal microbiome composition, possibly worsening IBD severity. The present study revealed that tegoprazan, a potassium-competitive acid blocker, significantly improved colitis in mice and enhanced the intestinal epithelial barrier function. Tegoprazan alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis and enhanced the growth of Bacteroides vulgatus. In turn, B. vulgatus alleviated intestinal inflammation by inhibiting epithelial adhesion of pathogenic bacteria. Unlike rabeprazole, tegoprazan did not induce gut dysbiosis. Our findings provide novel insights into the potential role of tegoprazan as an intestinal protectant for IBD and as a therapeutic agent for gastric acid-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijeong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soochan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaeyong Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cha Ilsan Medical Center, CHA University, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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17
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Jang YW, Yoon Y, Maharjan R, Yi H, Jeong M, Hong SY, Lee MH, Kim SW, Kim JI, Yang JW. First Report of Pseudomonas cichorii Causing Bacterial vein necrosis on Perilla plants [ Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton.] in South Korea. Plant Dis 2022; 107:549. [PMID: 35700520 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-22-0143-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) is the second most important upland crop and the third largest edible oil crop in Korea (Shin and Kim 1994). During a disease survey in Busan, Korea in September 2021, symptoms of vein necrosis were observed in perilla plants, with incidences of approximately 30% and 50% in two fields. Symptoms of spots on the perilla appeared as leaf dryness and spots with water-soaked blotches largely concentrated on the mid-veins of leaves. The lesions were initiated with water-soaked spots on the leaf or stem and gradually turned black or brown. Necrosis was also observed in the stems. A bacterium was isolated on Luria-Bertani (LB) agar from diseased leaf tissues that were surface-disinfected with 70% ethyl alcohol for 3-5 min and then washed with sterile water three times. Three pieces of sterilized leaf tissue (size: 0.5 × 0.5 cm) were mixed with 500 µL sterile water for 30 min, and then the suspension was serially diluted and spread on LB agar. Subsequently, isolates were cultivated on LB agar and King's Medium B agar (KMB) (Schaad et al. 2001), and they were predominantly cream-colored and circular bacterial colonies with undulated margins. The bacterial colonies on KMB displayed fluorescence under 365 nm UV light. The isolates were analyzed with the GEN III MicroPlate (Biolog, Hayward, CA, USA), and all isolates were identified as Pseudomonas cichorii, a devastating plant bacterium that damages a wide range of host plants worldwide, including in South Korea (Hikichi et al. 2013; Ramkumar et al. 2015). To identify the species of the bacterial pathogen, genomic DNA of four isolates (BS4922, BS4167, BS4345, and BS4560) was extracted, and the 16S rRNA gene and hrcRST gene were amplified with universal primers, 27F/1492R and Hcr1/Hcr2, and sequencing was then done (Patel et al. 2019). In the BLAST analysis, the 16S rRNA sequences (GenBank OM060656, OM275434, OM275435, OM275436) showed a 100% and 99% similarity to P. cichorii strains MAFF 302698 (AB724286) and P. cichorii strain Pc-Gd-4 (KU923373), respectively. Further, hrcRST gene sequences (GenBank OM143596, OM268864, OM268865, and OM268866) showed high similarity (>99%) with P. cichorii strain P16-51 (MG518230). A pathogenicity test of the four isolates was performed on 3 - 4 weeks old perilla plants by creating wounds with a needle on the lower leaves and stems, and then the plants were inoculated by spraying inoculum (108 CFU/ml). The plants that served as the negative control were wounded and sprayed with unsterilized water. The inoculated perilla plants were placed in a greenhouse at 28 ± 2oC , 80-85% relative humidity, and a natural photoperiod. The inoculation site began to show symptoms of water-soaked brown lesions. Disease symptoms such as leaf dryness, water-soaked blotches on the mid-vein of leaves, and necrosis on plant stems were observed in the inoculated plants 7-10 days after inoculation, whereas the plants of the negative control group did not show any symptoms. The bacteria were re-isolated from the diseased tissues of the plants, and DNA sequence analysis identified them as P. cichorii. Additionally, all isolates induced hypersensitivity reactions in tobacco and tomato leaves within 24 h after inoculation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. cichorii infecting perilla in South Korea. The findings in this study will provide the basic information for the development of diagnostic tools and management measures against P. cichorii in perilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Woo Jang
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, , Southern Area Crop Science, 20, jeompiljae-ro, miryang, Korea (the Republic of), 50424;
| | - Youngnam Yoon
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Corp Productiong Technology Research Division, 20th, Jeompiljaero, Miryang, Korea (the Republic of), 50424;
| | - Rameswor Maharjan
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Crop Production Technology Research Division, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea (the Republic of);
| | - Hwijong Yi
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Crop Production Technology Research Division, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea (the Republic of);
| | - M Jeong
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Corp Productiong Technology Research Division, Miryang, Korea (the Republic of);
| | - S Y Hong
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Mirayang, Korea (the Republic of);
| | - M H Lee
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang, Korea (the Republic of);
| | - S W Kim
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang, Korea (the Republic of);
| | - J I Kim
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang, Korea (the Republic of);
| | - Jung-Wook Yang
- National Institute of Crop Science Muan, Bioenergy crop research Institute, 199 Muanro Cheonggye, Muan, Jeonnam, Korea (the Republic of), 58545;
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18
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Holanda DM, Kim SW. Impacts of weaning weights and mycotoxin challenges on jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota, intestinal and systemic health, and growth performance of nursery pigs. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:43. [PMID: 35413935 PMCID: PMC9006406 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00691-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed at investigating the effects of mycotoxin challenge on the growth and physiology of nursery pigs with different weaning weights. Results At weaning, 10 pigs were euthanized to collect jejunal mucosa and 90 pigs were assigned following a randomized complete block design in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with 3 pigs per pen. Factors were: weaning weight (light: body weight, BW < 7.5 kg or heavy: BW > 9.0 kg); and dietary mycotoxins (supplementation of 0.2 mg/kg aflatoxins, 2.0 mg/kg deoxynivalenol). All diets had titanium dioxide as an external marker at 0.5%. Growth performance and fecal score were recorded until pigs achieved 20 kg BW (light pigs average BW = 21.1 kg and heavy pigs average BW = 20.5 kg). Pigs were sampled for blood, ileal digesta, jejunal tissue and mucosa at 20 kg BW. Data were analyzed using the mixed procedure of SAS. At weaning, light pigs had decreased (P < 0.05) jejunal interleukin-8, increased (P < 0.05) tumor necrosis factor-α, and increased (P < 0.05) α-diversity indexes of jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota. At 20 kg of BW, light pigs had decreased (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain to feed ratio (G/F). Mycotoxins decreased (P < 0.05) BW, ADG, ADFI, and G/F. Light pigs tended to have increased fecal score on d 0 (P = 0.080), d 10 (P = 0.069), and increased (P < 0.05) fecal score at 20 kg. Mycotoxins decreased the apparent ileal digestibility of nitrogen (P < 0.05). Light pigs had increased (P < 0.05) intestinal malondialdehydes and interleukin 8. Mycotoxins tended to increase (P = 0.060) intestinal tumor necrosis factor-α. Conclusions Nursery pigs with light weaning weight were more susceptible to jejunal inflammation and had impaired intestinal health due to weaning stress, whereas mycotoxins diminished the health and growth of nursery pigs regardless of weaning weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Holanda
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27695, USA
| | - S W Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27695, USA.
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19
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Jeon YJ, Lee TH, Joo YH, Cho HJ, Kim SW, Park B, Choi HG. Increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national health screening cohort. Rhinology 2022; 60:29-38. [PMID: 35157750 DOI: 10.4193/rhin21-211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases and is characterized by sinonasal inflammation that lasts longer than 12 weeks. Whether the effect of chronic inflammation caused by CRS on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is similar to its effect on other inflammatory disorders has not been thoroughly evaluated. We aimed to demonstrate whether CRS patients have a higher prevalence of CVDs, including stroke and ischemic heart disease (IHD). METHODOLOGY We compared the prevalence of various comorbidities between CRS and control participants through a case-control cohort study from 2002 to 2015 that included 514,866 participants. CRS (n=6,552) and control (n=26,208) participants who were over 40 years old were selected by matching age, sex, income, and area of residence at a 1:4 ratio. RESULTS A stratified Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to assess the hazard ratio (HR) of CRS for stroke and IHD. The HRs for stroke and IHD were significantly increased in CRS patients compared to controls after adjusting for obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, hemoglobin, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores. The HR of stroke was significantly higher in the absence of nasal polyps than in the presence of nasal polyps. The HR of IHD was significantly increased in the CRS group regardless of the presence of nasal polyps. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that CRS participants had a significantly higher prevalence of stroke and IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Jeon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Joo
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - B Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - H G Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
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20
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Park J, Kim DH, Kim S, Ma HW, Park IS, Son M, Kim JH, Shin Y, Kim SW, Cheon JH. Anti-inflammatory properties of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 in a murine colitis model. Intest Res 2021; 19:478-481. [PMID: 34731563 PMCID: PMC8566833 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2021.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soochan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mijeong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoojin Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Kim DH, Park J, Kim S, Yoon MY, Ma HW, Park IS, Son M, Kim JH, Kim TI, Kim WH, Yoon SS, Kim SW, Cheon JH. An Escherichia coli strain with extra catalase activity protects against murine colitis by scavenging hydrogen peroxide and regulating regulatory t cell/interleukin-17 pathways. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 174:110-120. [PMID: 34358646 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract whose occurrence is attributed to various factors, including genetic factors, immune response, microbial changes, and oxidative stress. Microbial-targeted therapy has emerged as an alternative to immunosuppressive therapy for IBD. METHODS The effects of an atypical commensal Escherichia coli strain harboring an additional catalase gene (compared to typical E. coli strain) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis were explored in mice. RESULTS The atypical E. coli (atEc) significantly restored body weight, reduced disease activity score, and improved histological scores in mice with colitis. Hydrogen peroxide levels in colitis mice were noticeably decreased when the mice were administered atEc. The proinflammatory cytokine levels were decreased and regulatory T cell numbers were increased after the administration of atEc. The abundance of Firmicutes was significantly recovered, while that of Proteobacteria decreased in atEc -treated mice compared with that in vehicle-treated wild-type mice. To investigate the role of interleukin (IL)-17A in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of the atEc, IL-17A‒knockout mice were orally administered atEc. Clinical and immune responses and microbial composition were significantly reduced in IL-17A‒knockout mice compared with those in wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS atEc ameliorates colonic inflammation by controlling hydrogen peroxide levels, immune responses (including regulatory T cells and IL-17A), and microbial composition. atEc could be a novel candidate of probiotic for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihye Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soochan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi Young Yoon
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mijeong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Sun Yoon
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Fremder M, Kim SW, Khamaysi A, Shimshilashvili L, Eini-Rider H, Park IS, Hadad U, Cheon JH, Ohana E. A transepithelial pathway delivers succinate to macrophages, thus perpetuating their pro-inflammatory metabolic state. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109521. [PMID: 34380041 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut metabolite composition determined by the microbiota has paramount impact on gastrointestinal physiology. However, the role that bacterial metabolites play in communicating with host cells during inflammatory diseases is poorly understood. Here, we aim to identify the microbiota-determined output of the pro-inflammatory metabolite, succinate, and to elucidate the pathways that control transepithelial succinate absorption and subsequent succinate delivery to macrophages. We show a significant increase of succinate uptake into pro-inflammatory macrophages, which is controlled by Na+-dependent succinate transporters in macrophages and epithelial cells. Furthermore, we find that fecal and serum succinate concentrations were markedly augmented in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and corresponded to changes in succinate-metabolizing gut bacteria. Together, our results describe a succinate production and transport pathway that controls the absorption of succinate generated by distinct gut bacteria and its delivery into macrophages. In IBD, this mechanism fails to protect against the succinate surge, which may result in chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Fremder
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ahlam Khamaysi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Liana Shimshilashvili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Hadar Eini-Rider
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Uzi Hadad
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Ehud Ohana
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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23
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Seo DH, Che X, Kim S, Kim DH, Ma HW, Kim JH, Kim TI, Kim WH, Kim SW, Cheon JH. Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 Agonist Regulates Intestinal Inflammation via Cd177 + Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2021; 12:650864. [PMID: 33767714 PMCID: PMC7985452 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.650864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (TREM-1) signaling is expressed on neutrophils and monocytes that is necessary for the successful antimicrobial response and resolution of inflammation in the gut. In this study, we determined the effect of an anti-TREM-1 agonistic antibody (α-TREM-1) on colitis and identify its underlying mechanism of action. Administration of α-TREM-1 alleviated colitis in mice and resolved dysbiosis, which required TLR4/Myd88 signaling. α-TREM-1 increased the production of neutrophil extracellular traps and interleukin-22 by CD177+ neutrophils, which led to pathogen clearance and protection of the intestinal barrier. TREM-1 activation using an α-TREM-1 antibody protects against colitis by rebalancing the microbiota and protecting the epithelium against the immune response as well as modulates the function of neutrophils and macrophages. These results highlight the importance of the TREM-1 pathway in intestinal homeostasis and suggest that α-TREM-1 treatment may be an effective therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyuk Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xiumei Che
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soochan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Park IS, Son M, Ma HW, Kim J, Kim DH, Kim SW, Cheon JH. Succinate-treated macrophages attenuate dextran sodium sulfate colitis in mice. Intest Res 2020; 19:349-353. [PMID: 33120440 PMCID: PMC8322029 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2020.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mijeong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Kim JM, Kim DH, Park HJ, Ma HW, Park IS, Son M, Ro SY, Hong S, Han HK, Lim SJ, Kim SW, Cheon JH. Nanocomposites-based targeted oral drug delivery systems with infliximab in a murine colitis model. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:133. [PMID: 32933548 PMCID: PMC7493402 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00693-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infliximab (IFX), a TNF-α blocking chimeric monoclonal antibody, induces clinical response and mucosal healing in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, systemic administration of this agent causes unwanted side effects. Oral delivery of antibody therapeutics might be an effective treatment strategy for IBD compared to intravenous administration. Results All three carriers had a high encapsulation efficiency, narrow size distribution, and minimal systemic exposure. There was a higher interaction between nanocomposite carriers and monocytes compared to lymphocytes in the PBMC of IBD patients. Orally administered nanocomposite carriers targeted to inflamed colitis minimized systemic exposure. All IFX delivery formulations with nanocomposite carriers had a significantly less colitis-induced body weight loss, colon shortening and histomorphological score, compared to the DSS-treated group. AC-IFX-L and EAC-IFX-L groups showed significantly higher improvement of the disease activity index, compared to the DSS-treated group. In addition, AC-IFX-L and EAC-IFX-L alleviated pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions (Tnfa, Il1b, and Il17). Conclusion We present orally administered antibody delivery systems which improved efficacy in murine colitis while reducing systemic exposure. These oral delivery systems suggest a promising therapeutic approach for treating IBD.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Park
- Department of Integrated Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong‑ro, Gwangjin‑gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - I Seul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Mijeong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - So Youn Ro
- Department of Integrated Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong‑ro, Gwangjin‑gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seokmann Hong
- Department of Integrated Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong‑ro, Gwangjin‑gu, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Kyung Han
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Dongguk‑ro‑32, Ilsan‑donggu, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Lim
- Department of Integrated Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong‑ro, Gwangjin‑gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Kim SW, Jeon HR, Jung HJ, Kim JA, Song JE, Kim J. Clinical Characteristics of Developmentally Delayed Children based on Interdisciplinary Evaluation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8148. [PMID: 32424178 PMCID: PMC7235222 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the clinical characteristics of children suspected to have neurodevelopmental disorders and to present features that could be helpful diagnostic clues at the clinical assessment stage. All children who visited the interdisciplinary clinic for developmental problems from May 2001 to December 2014 were eligible for this study. Medical records of the children were reviewed. A total of 1,877 children were enrolled in this study. Most children were classified into four major diagnostic groups: global developmental delay (GDD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental language disorder (DLD) and motor delay (MD). GDD was the most common (43.9%), and boys were significantly more predominant than girls in all groups. When evaluating the predictive power of numerous risk factors, the probability of GDD was lower than the probability of ASD among boys, while the probability of GDD increased as independent walking age increased. Compared with GDD and DLD, the probability of GDD was increased when there was neonatal history or when the independent walking age was late. Comparison of ASD and DLD showed that the probability of ASD decreased when a maternal history was present, whereas the probability of ASD increased with male gender. To conclude, the present study revealed the clinical features of children with various neurodevelopmental disorders. These results are expected to be helpful for more effectively flagging children with potential neurodevelopmental disorders in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - H R Jeon
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - H J Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - J A Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - J-E Song
- Department of Psychiatry, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
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27
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Kim KE, Kim EJ, Park J, Kim SW, Kwon J, Moon G. Humeral shaft fracture and radial nerve palsy in Korean soldiers: focus on arm wrestling related injury. BMJ Mil Health 2020; 167:80-83. [PMID: 32276967 DOI: 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2019-001373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Humeral shaft fractures can lead to radial nerve injury and may require surgery and rehabilitation. We determined the causative events of humeral fracture, including arm wrestling, in young Korean soldiers and examined whether humeral fracture is related to demographic characteristics and the presence of radial nerve palsy. METHODS We reviewed 7.5 years (July 2012 to June 2019) of medical records covering patients who had experienced a humeral shaft fracture after entering military service and had received surgery for open reduction and internal fixation. Data were obtained on basic demographics, initial event provoking the fracture, presence of radial nerve palsy, initial and follow-up severity of the weakness, and any discharge from military service because of prolonged radial nerve palsy. RESULTS Of 123 cases, arm wrestling was the leading cause (52.8%). A high energy injury, such as falling from a height (11.4%), and sports related slips (10.6%) were other causes. All humeral shaft fractures caused by forceful contraction were spiral, while 40% of the fractures caused by external force related events were of a transverse type. The percentage of left-sided fractures was significantly higher for fractures arising from an external force than in those caused by forceful contraction related events. Radial nerve palsy was found in 34 patients (27.6%), and 16 were discharged from the military because of prolonged radial nerve palsy 6 months after the fracture. The causative events and other factors did not affect the presence of radial nerve palsy. CONCLUSION Arm wrestling was the leading cause of humeral fracture in young Korean soldiers but the chance of developing comorbid radial nerve palsy did not differ from that of other causes. These epidemiologic findings in this young active group may help in understanding the causes of humeral shaft fracture in soldiers and in the wider young population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Eun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - E-J Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - J Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kwon
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - G Moon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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28
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Oh LJ, Phan K, Kim SW, Low TH, Gupta R, Clark JR. Elective neck dissection versus observation for early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 2020; 105:104661. [PMID: 32244173 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the seventh most common cancer globally, and has been identified as a growing health concern. This study aims to evaluate the current literature comparing elective neck dissection to observation in the treatment of early-stage tongue SCC, focusing on nodal recurrence, overall survival, disease specific survival statistics from randomised controlled trials comparing the two interventions. METHODS Systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The odds ratio (OR) was used as a summary statistic. RESULTS From 8 studies, there was a total of 372 cases of recurrence, 98 (15.1%) in END group and 274 (41.5%) in the Observation group. There was a significantly lower rate of recurrence in the END group compared to observation (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.16-0.39, I2 = 54%, P < 0.00001). END was associated with higher overall survival rates when compared with observation (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.40-2.73, I2 = 14%, P < 0.0001). END was also associated with higher disease-specific survival compared with observation (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.21-2.93), I2 = 47%, P = 0.005), with no significant heterogeneity noted. CONCLUSIONS END was associated with significantly lower recurrence rates and higher overall and disease-specific survival compared to a conservative observation approach in early-stage oral SCC with clinically N0 neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Oh
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, Australia; Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - K Phan
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - S W Kim
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - T H Low
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, Australia; Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - R Gupta
- Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - J R Clark
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, Australia; Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Fokkens WJ, Lund VJ, Hopkins C, Hellings PW, Kern R, Reitsma S, Toppila-Salmi S, Bernal-Sprekelsen M, Mullol J, Alobid I, Terezinha Anselmo-Lima W, Bachert C, Baroody F, von Buchwald C, Cervin A, Cohen N, Constantinidis J, De Gabory L, Desrosiers M, Diamant Z, Douglas RG, Gevaert PH, Hafner A, Harvey RJ, Joos GF, Kalogjera L, Knill A, Kocks JH, Landis BN, Limpens J, Lebeer S, Lourenco O, Meco C, Matricardi PM, O'Mahony L, Philpott CM, Ryan D, Schlosser R, Senior B, Smith TL, Teeling T, Tomazic PV, Wang DY, Wang D, Zhang L, Agius AM, Ahlstrom-Emanuelsson C, Alabri R, Albu S, Alhabash S, Aleksic A, Aloulah M, Al-Qudah M, Alsaleh S, Baban MA, Baudoin T, Balvers T, Battaglia P, Bedoya JD, Beule A, Bofares KM, Braverman I, Brozek-Madry E, Richard B, Callejas C, Carrie S, Caulley L, Chussi D, de Corso E, Coste A, El Hadi U, Elfarouk A, Eloy PH, Farrokhi S, Felisati G, Ferrari MD, Fishchuk R, Grayson W, Goncalves PM, Grdinic B, Grgic V, Hamizan AW, Heinichen JV, Husain S, Ping TI, Ivaska J, Jakimovska F, Jovancevic L, Kakande E, Kamel R, Karpischenko S, Kariyawasam HH, Kawauchi H, Kjeldsen A, Klimek L, Krzeski A, Kopacheva Barsova G, Kim SW, Lal D, Letort JJ, Lopatin A, Mahdjoubi A, Mesbahi A, Netkovski J, Nyenbue Tshipukane D, Obando-Valverde A, Okano M, Onerci M, Ong YK, Orlandi R, Otori N, Ouennoughy K, Ozkan M, Peric A, Plzak J, Prokopakis E, Prepageran N, Psaltis A, Pugin B, Raftopulos M, Rombaux P, Riechelmann H, Sahtout S, Sarafoleanu CC, Searyoh K, Rhee CS, Shi J, Shkoukani M, Shukuryan AK, Sicak M, Smyth D, Sindvongs K, Soklic Kosak T, Stjarne P, Sutikno B, Steinsvag S, Tantilipikorn P, Thanaviratananich S, Tran T, Urbancic J, Valiulius A, Vasquez de Aparicio C, Vicheva D, Virkkula PM, Vicente G, Voegels R, Wagenmann MM, Wardani RS, Welge-Lussen A, Witterick I, Wright E, Zabolotniy D, Zsolt B, Zwetsloot CP. European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020. Rhinology 2020; 58:1-464. [PMID: 32077450 DOI: 10.4193/rhin20.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 521] [Impact Index Per Article: 130.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020 is the update of similar evidence based position papers published in 2005 and 2007 and 2012. The core objective of the EPOS2020 guideline is to provide revised, up-to-date and clear evidence-based recommendations and integrated care pathways in ARS and CRS. EPOS2020 provides an update on the literature published and studies undertaken in the eight years since the EPOS2012 position paper was published and addresses areas not extensively covered in EPOS2012 such as paediatric CRS and sinus surgery. EPOS2020 also involves new stakeholders, including pharmacists and patients, and addresses new target users who have become more involved in the management and treatment of rhinosinusitis since the publication of the last EPOS document, including pharmacists, nurses, specialised care givers and indeed patients themselves, who employ increasing self-management of their condition using over the counter treatments. The document provides suggestions for future research in this area and offers updated guidance for definitions and outcome measurements in research in different settings. EPOS2020 contains chapters on definitions and classification where we have defined a large number of terms and indicated preferred terms. A new classification of CRS into primary and secondary CRS and further division into localized and diffuse disease, based on anatomic distribution is proposed. There are extensive chapters on epidemiology and predisposing factors, inflammatory mechanisms, (differential) diagnosis of facial pain, allergic rhinitis, genetics, cystic fibrosis, aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease, immunodeficiencies, allergic fungal rhinosinusitis and the relationship between upper and lower airways. The chapters on paediatric acute and chronic rhinosinusitis are totally rewritten. All available evidence for the management of acute rhinosinusitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps in adults and children is systematically reviewed and integrated care pathways based on the evidence are proposed. Despite considerable increases in the amount of quality publications in recent years, a large number of practical clinical questions remain. It was agreed that the best way to address these was to conduct a Delphi exercise . The results have been integrated into the respective sections. Last but not least, advice for patients and pharmacists and a new list of research needs are included. The full document can be downloaded for free on the website of this journal: http://www.rhinologyjournal.com.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Fokkens
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V J Lund
- Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, UCLH, London, UK
| | - C Hopkins
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Guys and St. Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - P W Hellings
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Belgium.,Upper Airways Research Laboratory and ENT Department, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R Kern
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S Reitsma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Toppila-Salmi
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - I Alobid
- Rhinology and Skull Base Unit, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universidad de Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - W Terezinha Anselmo-Lima
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirao Preto Medical School-University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Bachert
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory and ENT Department, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.,Division of ENT Diseases, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Baroody
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and the Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C von Buchwald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University, Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Cervin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - N Cohen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Constantinidis
- 1st Department of ORL, Head and Neck Surgery, Aristotle University, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - L De Gabory
- Rhinology and Plastic Surgery Unit, Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Pediatric ENT Department, CHU de Bordeaux, Hospital Pellegrin, Centre F-X Michelet, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Desrosiers
- Department of ORL-HNS, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Z Diamant
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Skane University in Lund, Sweden.,Research Director Respiratory and Allergy, at QPS-Netherlands, Groningen, Netherlands.,Affiliate to Charles University, Dept of Respiratory Diseases, in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R G Douglas
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P H Gevaert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Hafner
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - R J Harvey
- Rhinology and Skull Base Department, Applied Medical Research Centre, UNSW (Conjoint) and Macquarie University (Clinical), Sydney, Australia
| | - G F Joos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - L Kalogjera
- ENT Department, Zagreb School of Medicine.,University Hospital Center "Sestre milosrdnice", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Knill
- Patient representative, Opuscomms, London, UK
| | - J H Kocks
- Department of Inhalation Medicine, Observational Pragmatic Research Institute, Singapore
| | - B N Landis
- Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Otorhinolaryngology Department, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Limpens
- Medical Information Specialist, Medical Library, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - O Lourenco
- FCS - UBI Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - C Meco
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Salzburg Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - P M Matricardi
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L O'Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - C M Philpott
- Department of Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,ENT Department, James Paget University Hospital, Great Yarmouth, UK
| | - D Ryan
- Allergy and Respiratory Research Group, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Optimum Patient Care, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - R Schlosser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | - B Senior
- UNC Otorhinolaryngology / Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Rhinology, Allergy, and Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery and Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - T L Smith
- Division of Rhinology and Sinus/Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - T Teeling
- Patient representative, Task Force Healthcare, WTC Den Haag, The Netherlands
| | - P V Tomazic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - D Y Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - D Wang
- Rhinology Division, ENT Department.,Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - A M Agius
- Department of Medicine and Surgery in the University of Malta
| | | | - R Alabri
- ENT Division, Surgery Department, College of Medicine and Health and Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - S Albu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - A Aleksic
- ENT Department, University Clinical Centre, University of Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - M Aloulah
- ENT Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M Al-Qudah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - S Alsaleh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Baban
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimayniha, Iraq
| | - T Baudoin
- Dept. of ORL-HNS Sisters of Mercy University Medical Center, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - T Balvers
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)
| | - P Battaglia
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - J D Bedoya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - A Beule
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Clinic of Munster, Germany
| | - K M Bofares
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Omar Al-Moukhtar University, Albyeda, Libya
| | - I Braverman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Israel
| | - E Brozek-Madry
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Richard
- Department of ENT, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - C Callejas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pontificia Catholic University, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Carrie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - L Caulley
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa,Toronto, Canada
| | - D Chussi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - E de Corso
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology , La Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - A Coste
- ORL et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Universite Paris-Est Creteil (UPEC), France
| | - U El Hadi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - A Elfarouk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - P H Eloy
- Department of ENT, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - S Farrokhi
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center.,The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - G Felisati
- Department of Head and Neck, University of Milan, Italy
| | - M D Ferrari
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)
| | - R Fishchuk
- Department of ENT- Organs Microsurgery, Central city clinical hospital of lvano-Frankivsk city council, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - W Grayson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama Birmingham, USA
| | - P M Goncalves
- ENT Department, Centro Hospitalar de Entre Douro e Vouga, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal
| | - B Grdinic
- ENT Department, General Hospital, Pula, Pula, Croatia
| | - V Grgic
- ENT Department, Zagreb School of Medicine.,University Hospital center 'Sestre milosrdnice', Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A W Hamizan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Kebangsaan, Kuala Lumpur, Malasyia
| | - J V Heinichen
- Department of ENT of Hospital de Clinicas, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Universidad Nacional de Asuncion, Paraguay
| | - S Husain
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - T I Ping
- Department ORLHNS, University Malaysia Sarawak, Kuching, Malaysia
| | - J Ivaska
- Clinic of Ear, Nose, Throat and Eye diseases, Vilnius University, Lithuania
| | - F Jakimovska
- ENT Department of Medical Faculty, St Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - L Jovancevic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - E Kakande
- Department of ENT Surgery, Mulago National Referral Hospital Kampala, Uganda
| | - R Kamel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - S Karpischenko
- ENT Department, Director of Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat , Nose and Speech.,Professor and Chairman of First Pavlov State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - H H Kariyawasam
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Royal National ENT Hospital, London, England
| | - H Kawauchi
- 96. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - A Kjeldsen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - L Klimek
- Center of Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Hesse, Germany
| | - A Krzeski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Kopacheva Barsova
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University If Medicine, st. Ciril and Methodius, Skopje
| | - S W Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D Lal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - J J Letort
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pontifica Catholic University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - A Lopatin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Policlinic No.1- Senior ENT Consultant and Surgeon.,President of Russian Rhinologic Society, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - A Mesbahi
- Department of Facial Surgery, Khodadoust Hospital, Ordibehesht Hospital, Shiraz, Iran
| | - J Netkovski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, St. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - D Nyenbue Tshipukane
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - A Obando-Valverde
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Surgery, Hospital Mexico, University of Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - M Okano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita , Japan
| | - M Onerci
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hacettepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Y K Ong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Singapore, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - R Orlandi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - N Otori
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology at The Jikei University School of Medicine,Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Ouennoughy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Saad Dahleb Blida 1, Blida, Algeria
| | - M Ozkan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara City Hospital, Turkey
| | - A Peric
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Military Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Defense, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - J Plzak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Prokopakis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - N Prepageran
- Department of ENT, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Psaltis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - B Pugin
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Raftopulos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Royal Australian College of Surgeons, Trainee Representative (Australia)
| | - P Rombaux
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Riechelmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ulm, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
| | - S Sahtout
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - C-C Sarafoleanu
- ENT and H NS Department, Santa Maria Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - K Searyoh
- Surgery Ear, Nose and Throat Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - C-S Rhee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Shi
- Department of Rhinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Shkoukani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - A K Shukuryan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Sicak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Central Military Hospital, Slovakia, Slovak Health University Bratislava and Catholic University, Ruzom berok, Slovakia
| | - D Smyth
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and University College Cork, Waterford, Ireland
| | - K Sindvongs
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - T Soklic Kosak
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - P Stjarne
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Sutikno
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - S Steinsvag
- Department of ORL, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - P Tantilipikorn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S Thanaviratananich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - T Tran
- Department of ENT Hospital of Ho Chi Minh city, Faculty of medicine of Ho Chi Minh city Vietnam National University, Vietnam
| | - J Urbancic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and cervicofacial surgery, UMC Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Medical Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Valiulius
- Department of Children's diseases, Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - C Vasquez de Aparicio
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, National Hospital Benjamin Bloom, National University of El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - D Vicheva
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - P M Virkkula
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki, University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - G Vicente
- Department of Otolaryngology, St. Luke's Medical Centre, Quezon City, The Philippines
| | - R Voegels
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Sao Paulo, Sau Paulo, Brazil
| | - M M Wagenmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dusseldorf University Hospital, Dusseldorf, German
| | - R S Wardani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - A Welge-Lussen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - I Witterick
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa,Toronto, Canada
| | - E Wright
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - D Zabolotniy
- State Institution of O.S. Kolomiychenko Institute of Othorhnilarungology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - B Zsolt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - C P Zwetsloot
- Department of Neurology, Dijklander Ziekenhuis, Purmerend, The Netherlandsn
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Kim SW, Kim S, Son M, Cheon JH, Park YS. Melatonin controls microbiota in colitis by goblet cell differentiation and antimicrobial peptide production through Toll-like receptor 4 signalling. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2232. [PMID: 32042047 PMCID: PMC7010660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial dysbiosis has long been postulated to be associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although evidence supporting the anti-colitic effects of melatonin have been accumulating, it is not clear how melatonin affects the microbiota. Herein, we investigated the effects of melatonin on the microbiome in colitis and identified involvement of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signalling in the effects. Melatonin improved dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and reverted microbial dysbiosis in wild-type (WT) mice but not in TLR4 knockout (KO) mice. Induction of goblet cells was observed with melatonin administration, which was accompanied by suppression of Il1b and Il17a and induction of melatonin receptor and Reg3β, an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) against Gram-negative bacteria. In vitro, melatonin treatment of HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells promotes mucin and wound healing and inhibits growth of Escherichia coli. Herein, we showed that melatonin significantly increases goblet cells, Reg3β, and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteriodetes by suppressing Gram-negative bacteria through TLR4 signalling. Our study suggests that sensing of bacteria through TLR4 and regulation of bacteria through altered goblet cells and AMPs is involved in the anti-colitic effects of melatonin. Melatonin may have use in therapeutics for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soochan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mijeong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sook Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim JH, Ahn JB, Kim DH, Kim S, Ma HW, Che X, Seo DH, Kim TI, Kim WH, Cheon JH, Kim SW. Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 protects against colitis through goblet cell differentiation via interleukin-22. FASEB J 2020; 34:3289-3304. [PMID: 31916636 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902421r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) is involved in detoxifying chemicals, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we provide a significant insight into the role of GSTT1 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We identified decreased expression of GSTT1 in inflamed colons from IBD patients compared to controls. We intrarectally or intraperitoneally delivered Gstt1 gene to mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and noted attenuation of colitis through gene transfer of Gstt1 via an IL-22 dependent pathway. Downregulation of GSTT1 by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of microbes reduced innate defense responses and goblet cell differentiation. The GSTT1 mutation in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and IBD patients decreased its dimerization, which was connected to insufficient phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 and p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase by their common activator, IL-22. GSTT1 ameliorated colitis and contributed as a modulator of goblet cells through sensing pathogens and host immune responses. Its mutations are linked to chronic intestinal inflammation due to its insufficient dimerization. Our results provide new insights into GSTT1 mutations that are linked to chronic intestinal inflammation due to its insufficient dimerization and their functional consequences in IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Bum Ahn
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soochan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xiumei Che
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hyuk Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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32
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Bloomer S, Cheng YC, Yakout HM, Kim SW. 367 Combinational use of sodium butyrate and phytogenics on intestinal health of nursery pigs. J Anim Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz258.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The effects of encapsulated sodium butyrate (SB), phytogenics (PH), or a combination were studied on intestinal health of nursery pigs. Phytogenics were blends of dry herbs and essential oil components. Forty-eight weaned pigs (21-d-old; 6.9 ± 0.6 kg BW) were individually housed, blocked by initial BW and sex, allotted to 4 dietary treatments (n = 12) in a RCBD, and fed for 33-d (P1: 0–7; P2: 7–19; and P3: 19–33). Treatments were arranged by 2 factors: SB (P1: 0.2% and P2: 0.1%) and PH (P3: 0.033%). Diets were formulated to meet or exceed NRC (2012) nutrient requirements and pigs were fed ad libitum. For each phase, ADG, ADFI, and G:F were measured. Fecal scores were assessed during d 3–19 and d 26–33. Blood samples were drawn in P2 and P3 to measure tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-6, and immunoglobulin G (IgG). Four pigs at P2 and 8 pigs in P3 from each treatment were euthanized to collect jejunal tissue, jejunal mucosa, and ileal digesta to measure gut histology, TNF-α, IL-6, myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS. Fixed effects were treatments and random effects were blocks. In P2 and P1-2, SB decreased (P < 0.05) ADFI whereas no effect on ADG and G:F. In P2, SB tended to decrease (P = 0.063) villus height to crypt depth ratio (VH:CD) whereas increased (P < 0.05) enterocyte proliferation in P3. In P3 and overall, PH increased (P < 0.05) G:F. No changes were found in TNF-α, IL-6, MPO, MDA, IgG, and protein carbonyl. Conclusively, SB and a combinational use of SB and PH showed minimal effects on growth performance and gut health when added to the diets of nursery pigs. However, PH supplementation increased feed efficiency of nursery pigs during 19–33 d post-weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S W Kim
- North Carolina State University
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33
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Duarte ME, Tyus J, Kim SW. 137 Effects of dietary supplementation with xylanase and probiotics on growth performance and gut health of newly weaned pigs. J Anim Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz258.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
This study was to evaluate the supplemental effects of xylanase and probiotics on growth performance and gut health of newly weaned pigs. One hundred and forty-four pigs at 3 weeks of age with an initial body weight (BW) at 6.47 ± 0.03 kg were allotted (4 pigs per pen) to 3 dietary treatments based on a randomized complete block design with sex (gilts and barrow) and initial BW as blocks. The treatments were CON (no supplement), XYL (xylanase at 10,000 XU/kg, Xylamax, BRI, Durham, NC), and PRO (Bacillus spp. 6 x 109 CFU/kg plus xylanase 10,000 XU/kg, EnzaPro, BRI). All diets met the NRC (2012) requirements in 3 phases (P1 for 7 d, P2 for 14 d, and P3 for 14 d). The ADG, ADFI, and G/F were measured weekly. On d 21, 1 pig representing a median BW of each pen was euthanized to collect jejunal samples to measure the immune and oxidative stress status, microbiome, and histology. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Treatment was a fixed effect and blocks were random effects. There were no fixed effects among treatments on growth performance, immune and oxidative stress status, and histology. Use of xylanase increased (P < 0.05) the Chao1 index in jejunal mucosa of pigs (24.6 to 29.5). Relative abundance of the Enterobacteriaceae in jejunal mucosa tended to decrease (P = 0.083) with the use of xylanase (16.2 to 1.6%). The PRO increased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Mitsuokella compared with others treatments (0.9 vs. 4.8%). In conclusion, supplementation of xylanase or Mitsuokella can enhance the microbiome in jejunal mucosa by increasing the diversity and beneficial bacterial abundance, whereas by reducing pathogenic bacterial abundance without affecting the growth performance, histology, immune, and oxidative stress status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Tyus
- BioResource International, Inc
| | - S W Kim
- North Carolina State University
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34
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Jang K, Purvis JM, Kim SW. 365 Effects of weaning ages on growth performance of nursery pigs fed diets with increasing lactose levels during at 7 to 11 kg body weight. J Anim Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz258.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Lactose is an effective carbohydrate source for nursery pigs. Weaning age could influence needs for lactose. Weaning ages can vary among producers depending on preferred management programs. This study aimed to evaluate optimum levels of lactose for pigs at 7 kg BW weaned at different ages. A total of 1,632 pigs were weaned at d21 (d 21.2 ± 1.3) or d25 (d 24.6 ± 1.1). Pigs had a common diet until they reach 7 kg BW. Within a same weaning age group, when pigs reached 7 kg body weight, they were allotted to 4 dietary treatments with 6, 9, 12, and 15% lactose. Feed intake and BW were measured after 10d feeding when pigs reached 11 kg BW. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS for a slope ratio analysis to test effects of lactose levels on growth performance of pigs influenced by their weaning ages. Pigs weaned at d21 had Phase 1 for 11 days whereas pigs weaned at d 25 had Phase 1 for 2 days to reach 7 kg BW. According to the slope ratio analysis, as increasing lactose intake, ADG of pigs weaned at d21 responded greater (P < 0.05, 68.5%) than growth of pigs weaned at d25. There was no change of slope in feed intake of pigs weaned at d 25 by increasing lactose intake. However, G:F of pigs weaned at d 25 responded greater (P < 0.05, 250%) than G:F of pigs weaned at d21. In conclusion, pigs weaned at d21 grew faster from 7 to 11 kg BW as lactose intake increased compared with pigs weaned at d25 potentially because pigs weaned at d21 had an extended time for adaptation and recovery from weaning stress until they reached 7 kg BW.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S W Kim
- North Carolina State University
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35
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Holanda DM, Kim SW. 366 Efficacy of mycotoxin deactivators on health and growth of newly weaned pigs under chronic dietary challenges of deoxynivalenol. J Anim Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz258.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The efficacy of mycotoxin deactivators on health and growth performance of newly weaned pigs (27 d-old) fed diets naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol was investigated. Sixty pigs were housed individually and assigned to 5 treatments for 34 d subdivided into 3 phases: NC (no added deoxynivalenol); PC (deoxynivalenol at 2 mg/kg); CYC (PC + clay/yeast culture based product, 0.2%); CYE (PC + clay/yeast cell wall/plant extracts/antioxidants based product, 0.2%); and CYB (PC + clay/inactivated yeast/botanicals/antioxidants based product, 0.2%). Blood was taken at d 14 and 34. Intestinal mucosa was taken at d 34. Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed of SAS with pre-planned contrasts. Deoxynivalenol reduced (P < 0.05) ADG in P3. Pigs fed CYC had greater (P < 0.05) ADG during overall period, ADFI during P3, and gain/feed during P2 than PC. At d 14, deoxynivalenol reduced (P < 0.05) BUN/creatinine and tended to reduce (P = 0.088) BUN. Pigs fed CYB tended to have greater (P = 0.059) AST than PC. At d 34, pigs fed CYC (P = 0.083) and CYB (P = 0.068) tended to have lower serum CPK than PC. Pigs fed CYE had lower (P < 0.05) BUN/creatinine than PC. Deoxynivalenol tended to increase (P = 0.068) malondialdehydes and decrease (P = 0.072) glutathione in jejunal mucosa. Pigs fed CYE and CYB had lower (P < 0.05) malondialdehydes, whereas pigs fed CYB had greater (P < 0.05) glutathione and tended to have lower (P = 0.079) jejunal IgA than PC. Pigs fed CYC (P = 0.066) and CYE (P = 0.099) tended to have lower jejunal IL8 than PC. In conclusion, deoxynivalenol compromised growth performance and intestinal health. The mycotoxin deactivators could enhance intestinal health of pigs fed diets with deoxynivalenol without affecting liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S W Kim
- North Carolina State University
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36
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Jang K, Cheng YC, Kim SW. 126 Evaluation of true ileal amino acid digestibility of fermented soybean meal fed to nursery pigs. J Anim Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz258.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Fermented soybean meal (FSBM) has smaller peptides and reduced anti-nutritional factors compared with those in conventional SBM. Apparent and true ileal digestibilities (AID and TID) of AA in FSBM were measured using both a direct method and a substitution method. Forty eight (24 barrows and 24 gilts) pigs at 7 kg BW were allotted to 4 dietary treatments (n = 12) based on a randomized complete block design with sex and initial body weight as blocks. Treatments includes NFD (semi-purified N free diet to measure endogenous AA loss), NFSB (NFD with 20% FSBM; Genebiotech Co., Ltd. and Nutraferma, Inc), CBD (corn basal diet), and CBSB (CBD at 80% and FSBM at 20%). NFD and NFSB were used to directly measure AID and TID AA of FSBM, whereas NFD, CBD, and CBSB were used to indirectly calculate AID and TID AA of FSBM using a substitution method. Experimental diets included TiO2 (0.4%). Pigs were fed experimental diets for 10 days. Feed allowance was based on 0.09 x BW0.75 kg per day. All pigs were euthanized at the end of the experiments to collect ileal digesta. Diets and ileal digesta were used to quantify TiO2 and AA. Data were analyzed using Mixed Procedure of SAS 9.4. Dietary treatment was the main effect and blocks were random effects. Endogenous AA loss was 2.48 g. When measured by a direct method, AID and TID of Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp were 72.1 and 89.8%, 74.9 and 92.1%, 61.0 and 88.5%, and 72.2 and 92.2%, respectively. When measured by a substitution method, AID and TID of Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp were 64.7 and 84.4%, 60.5 and 77.9%, 36.2 and 57.0%, and 58.2 and 81.0%, respectively. Overall, a direct method showed higher AID and TID AA in FSBM than those measured by a substitution method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S W Kim
- North Carolina State University
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37
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Chang MY, Oh B, Choi JE, Sulistio YA, Woo HJ, Jo A, Kim J, Kim EH, Kim SW, Hwang J, Park J, Song JJ, Kwon OC, Henry Kim H, Kim YH, Ko JY, Heo JY, Lee MJ, Lee M, Choi M, Chung SJ, Lee HS, Lee SH. LIN28A loss of function is associated with Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. EMBO J 2019; 38:e101196. [PMID: 31750563 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018101196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by degeneration of midbrain-type dopamine (mDA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). The RNA-binding protein Lin28 plays a role in neuronal stem cell development and neuronal differentiation. In this study, we reveal that Lin28 conditional knockout (cKO) mice show degeneration of mDA neurons in the SN, as well as PD-related behavioral deficits. We identify a loss-of-function variant of LIN28A (R192G substitution) in two early-onset PD patients. Using an isogenic human embryonic stem cell (hESC)/human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-based disease model, we find that the Lin28 R192G variant leads to developmental defects and PD-related phenotypes in mDA neuronal cells that can be rescued by expression of wild-type Lin28A. Cell transplantation experiments in PD model rats show that correction of the LIN28A variant in the donor patient (pt)-hiPSCs leads to improved behavioral phenotypes. Our data link LIN28A to PD pathogenesis and suggest future personalized medicine targeting this variant in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Yoon Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Boram Oh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jang-Eun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yanuar Alan Sulistio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Ji Woo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ayoung Jo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinil Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungwook Hwang
- Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungyun Park
- Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Oh-Chan Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyongbum Henry Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Ko
- Department of Dermatology and Research Institute of Dermatology, University of Hanyang College of Medicine, Hanyang Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Young Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Joung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Moses Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Seob Lee
- Genomic Core Facility, Transdisciplinary Research & Collaboration Division, Translational Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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38
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Kim SW, Chowdhury MMR, Ko YG, Sharma N, Jeon IS. Production of Handmade Open Pulled Straw (OPS) Using Digital Heating Gun for the Vitrification Process. Cryo Letters 2019; 40:367-373. [PMID: 33966064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitrification is the most popular technique for the cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos, replacing slow freezing methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study evaluated the efficient manufacturing methods of handmade open pulled straw (OPS) with a digital heating gun that could be proposed for vitrification. RESULTS Production efficiency of OPS using 0.5 mL straw was detected at 0, 66.1, 90.5 and 85.7% for 1~2 s and 9.5, 33.3, 47.6 and 23.8% for 2~3 s of heating time at 250, 350, 400 and 450°C respectively. The production rate of OPS using 0.25 mL straw was perceived at 33.3, 76.2, 83.3, 95.2 and 57.6 % for 1.5~2.5 s time with the optimized heat setting at 330, 340, 350, 360 and 370°C respectively. The desired inner diameter (200~300 μm) of OPS could be varied according to the gamete size, embryo developmental stages or cell lines of different species. Based on our data, the production efficiency of OPS using 0.25-mL straw were increased beyond using a 0.5-mL straw. CONCLUSION Handmade OPSs could be efficiently produced with a digital heating gun to generate a vitrification device for freezing gametes, embryos and cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Kim
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - M M R Chowdhury
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh
| | - Y G Ko
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - N Sharma
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Agricultural Science and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology of Jammu (SKUAST-J), Jammu, India
| | - I S Jeon
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
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Cho I, Shin SY, Kim WD, Kim YD, Cha MJ, Jung HG, Won HY, Lee WS, Kim TH, Kim CJ, Kim SW, Choi Y. P997Improving left atrial appendage occluder size determination by using 3-dimensional printing model of the left atrial appendage. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Given the complexity of left atrial appendage (LAA) structure, current 2D based LAA occluder (LAAO) size prediction system using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has limitations.
Objective
To assess the accuracy of LAAO size determination method by implantation simulation using a 3D printed model compared with a conventional method based on TEE.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 57 cases with percutaneous LAAO using Amplatzer Cardiac Plug and Amulet from 2014 to 2018. We excluded cases without cardiac CT (21 cases) or with peri-device leakage or inappropriate position of the device on six months follow up TEE (6 cases), or with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (2 cases). We finally included 28 cases with anatomically and physiologically properly implanted LAAO, using the final size of the implanted devices as a standard for the size prediction accuracy. We generated 3D printing model from cardiac CT images. LAAO size was determined with device implantation simulation using 3D printing model and occluder devices (Figure C), and conventional 2D TEE measurements by two experienced cardiologists who were blinded to the size of the finally implanted device.
Results
The accuracy in size of 3D printed left atrium (LA) models, compared with CT image sources, were validated by measuring the distance between artifacts which were intentionally implanted to LA model during image processing. There was minimal bias (−0.11 mm) between 3D images and printed LA models (Figure A). As plotted in Figure B, LAAO sizing by implantation simulation with 3D printing model showed excellent agreement with actually implanted LAAO size (r=0.927; bias=0.7±2.5), while LAAO sizing by 2D TEE measurements remained poor (r=0.544; bias 2.3±6.7).
Conclusions
LAAO size determination by using 3D printing model of LAA showed excellent accuracy. A prospective study to evaluate the clinical utility of this method should be done in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Cho
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Y Shin
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - W D Kim
- Chung Ang University, College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y D Kim
- Chung Ang University, College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M J Cha
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Department of Radiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H G Jung
- Chung Ang University, College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Y Won
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - W S Lee
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - T H Kim
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - C J Kim
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S W Kim
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y Choi
- Chung Ang University, College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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40
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Lee KM, Kim MH, Choi SY, Kim SJ, Kim SW, Park JS. P4776Age-dependent anti-thrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation patients with intermediate risk (CHA2DS2-VASc Score of 1 or 2) of ischemic stroke. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Although older age is one of the most important risk factor for stroke in atrial fibrillation (AF), it is unclear whether oral anticoagulants are beneficial for AF patients with intermediate CHA2DS2-VASc score (1 for male or 2 for female) according to age threshold. We sought to investigate the effect of age-dependent antithrombotic therapy for ischemic stroke in Korean intermediate risk AF patients.
Methods
We enrolled 29,592 patients (males with CHA2DS2-VASc score of 1 and females with CHA2DS2-VASc score of 2) using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. The clinical endpoint was the occurrence of ischemic stroke. The propensity score matching method was used to balance covariates across treated and untreated patients.
Results
Treated male AF patients were 6,570 (67.1%) with age <55 years, 7,115 (70.9%) with 55–64 years and 6,470 (68.3%) with 65–74 years in each age risk criterion. Also, treated female AF patients were 3,156 (71.3%) with age <55 years, 2,838 (71.0%) with 55–64 years and 3,440 (72.6%) with 65–74 years in each age risk criterion. Among male and female patients (age <55 years and 55–64 years) with 1 risk factor, an annual ischemic stroke rate was not significantly different between treated and untreated patients at full follow-up. However, treated AF patients who are in age 65–74 year without other risk factor had a much lower annual risk of ischemic stroke [(1.05%/year (male) and 1.04%/year (female)] compared with untreated patients [(1.77%/year (male) (p<0.026) and 1.86%/year (female) (p<0.041).
Conclusions
Age is an important predictor in determining the risk of ischemic stroke in AF patients with intermediate CHA2DS2-VASc scores (1 for male or 2 for female). We suggest that the benefit of anti-thrombotic therapy for intermediate risk AF patients depends on age threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Lee
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M H Kim
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Y Choi
- Daeu Health College, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Kim
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S W Kim
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Park
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
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Jung ES, Choi KW, Kim SW, Hübenthal M, Mucha S, Park J, Park Z, Ellinghaus D, Schreiber S, Franke A, Oh WY, Cheon JH. ZNF133 is associated with infliximab responsiveness in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:1727-1735. [PMID: 30851117 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Infliximab has been widely prescribed for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the response rates to infliximab differ among patients. Therefore, we aimed to identify the genetic and clinical markers that predict infliximab response. METHODS A total of 139 Korean patients with IBD who received infliximab were classified according to infliximab response as follows: (i) primary response vs nonresponse and (ii) sustained response vs loss of response. We performed an association study using whole-exome sequencing data to identify genetic variants associated with infliximab response. Candidate variants were validated in 77 German patients with IBD. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors. RESULTS We found five candidate variants that were associated with primary nonresponse to infliximab (P < 5 × 10-6 ). Of the five variants, rs2228273 in ZNF133 was validated in German (combined P = 6.49 × 10-7 ). We also identified the best genetic variant (rs9144, P = 4.60 × 10-6 ) associated with the loss of infliximab response. In multivariate regression analysis, rs2228273 (P = 2.10 × 10-5 ), concurrent azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine use, and bodyweight at the first infliximab use (< 50 kg) were associated with primary nonresponse. In addition, the Crohn's disease activity index at the first infliximab use and rs9144 (P = 0.001) were independently associated with the loss of response in patients with Crohn's disease. CONCLUSIONS We identified clinical and genetic markers associated with infliximab response in IBD patients. Our findings could provide insights to maximize the efficacy of infliximab therapy in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Suk Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ko-Woon Choi
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Sören Mucha
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jihye Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Zewon Park
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong, Cheongju, Korea
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Woo Yong Oh
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim SW, Kim MA, Chang Y, Lee HY, Yoon JS, Lee YB, Cho EJ, Lee JH, Yu SJ, Yoon JH, Park KJ, Kim YJ. Prognosis of surgical hernia repair in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites. Hernia 2019; 24:481-488. [PMID: 31512088 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-019-02043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal wall hernias are common in patients with ascites. Elective surgical repair is recommended for the treatment of abdominal wall hernias. However, surgical hernia repair in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites is controversial. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the outcomes of elective surgical hernia repair in patients with liver cirrhosis with and without refractory ascites. METHOD From January 2005 to June 2018, we retrospectively reviewed the records of consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis who underwent a surgical hernia repair. RESULTS This study included 107 patients; 31 patients (29.0%) had refractory ascites. Preoperatively, cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites had a higher median model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score (13.0 vs 11.0, P = 0.001) than those without refractory ascites. The 30-day mortality rate (3.2% vs 0%, P = 0.64) and the risk of recurrence (hazard ratio 0.410; 95% CI 0.050-3.220; P = 0.39) did not differ significantly between cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites and cirrhotic patients without refractory ascites. Among cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites, albumin (P = 0.23), bilirubin (P = 0.37), creatinine (P = 0.97), and sodium levels (P = 0.35) did not change significantly after surgery. CONCLUSION In advanced liver cirrhosis patients with refractory ascites, hernias can be safely treated with elective surgical repair. Mortality rate within 30 days did not differ by the presence or absence of refractory ascites. Elective hernia repair might be beneficial for treatment of abdominal wall hernia in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M A Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Y Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J S Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Y B Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - E J Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J-H Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J-H Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K J Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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Seonwoo H, Kim SW, Shin B, Jang KJ, Lee M, Choo OS, Choi MJ, Kim J, Lim KT, Jang JH, Chung JH, Choung YH. Latent stem cell-stimulating therapy for regeneration of chronic tympanic membrane perforations using IGFBP2-releasing chitosan patch scaffolds. J Biomater Appl 2019; 34:198-207. [PMID: 31060420 DOI: 10.1177/0885328219845082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Seonwoo
- 1 Department of Industrial Machinery Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- 2 Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Beomyong Shin
- 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Je Jang
- 4 Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungchul Lee
- 4 Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Oak-Sung Choo
- 5 Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,6 Department of Medical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Choi
- 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangho Kim
- 7 Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- 8 Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Jang
- 5 Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Chung
- 4 Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,9 Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hoon Choung
- 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,5 Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,6 Department of Medical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Rhee YH, Puspita L, Sulistio YA, Kim SW, Vidyawan V, Elvira R, Chang MY, Shim JW, Lee SH. Efficient Neural Differentiation of hPSCs by Extrinsic Signals Derived from Co-cultured Neural Stem or Precursor Cells. Mol Ther 2019; 27:1299-1312. [PMID: 31043343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we found that undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs; up to 30% of total cells) present in the cultures of neural stem or precursor cells (NPCs) completely disappeared within several days when cultured under neural differentiation culture conditions. Intriguingly, the disappearance of undifferentiated cells was not due to cell death but was instead mediated by neural conversion of hPSCs. Based on these findings, we propose pre-conditioning of donor NPC cultures under terminal differentiation culture conditions as a simple but efficient method of eliminating undifferentiated cells to treat neurologic disorders. In addition, we could establish a new neural differentiation protocol, in which undifferentiated hPSCs co-cultured with NPCs become differentiated neurons or NPCs in an extremely efficient, fast, and reproducible manner across the hESC and human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hee Rhee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Lesly Puspita
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea
| | - Yanuar Alan Sulistio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Vincencius Vidyawan
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea
| | - Rosalie Elvira
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea
| | - Mi-Yoon Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Shim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea.
| | - Sang-Hun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
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Abstract
Background Gene delivery systems are essentially necessary for the gene therapy of human genetic diseases. Gene therapy is the unique way that is able to use the adjustable gene to cure any disease. The gene therapy is one of promising therapies for a number of diseases such as inherited disorders, viral infection and cancers. The useful results of gene delivery systems depend open the adjustable targeting gene delivery systems. Some of successful gene delivery systems have recently reported for the practical application of gene therapy. Main body The recent developments of viral gene delivery systems and non-viral gene delivery systems for gene therapy have briefly reviewed. The viral gene delivery systems have discussed for the viral vectors based on DNA, RNA and oncolytic viral vectors. The non-viral gene delivery systems have also treated for the physicochemical approaches such as physical methods and chemical methods. Several kinds of successful gene delivery systems have briefly discussed on the bases of the gene delivery systems such as cationic polymers, poly(L-lysine), polysaccharides, and poly(ethylenimine)s. Conclusion The goal of the research for gene delivery system is to develop the clinically relevant vectors such as viral and non-viral vectors that use to combat elusive diseases such as AIDS, cancer, Alzheimer, etc. Next step research will focus on advancing DNA and RNA molecular technologies to become the standard treatment options in the clinical area of biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Sung
- 1Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.,2Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.,3Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Chung-gu, Seoul 04620 Korea.,4Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, BPRB, Room 205, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - S W Kim
- 1Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.,2Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
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Ahn HK, Park S, Hyun SH, Park K, Lee E, Kim JY, Nam SJ, Kim SW, Lee JE, Lee SK, Yu JH, Ahn JS, Im YH, Park YH. Abstract P3-08-12: PIK3CA mutations in breast cancer: Mutational landscape and clinical implications in ER+/HER2- subtype. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-08-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: PIK3CA mutation is one of the most frequent genomic alterations in breast cancer. We evaluated PIK3CA mutational status including spatial and temporal heterogeneity, clinical characteristics and prognostic impact focused on ER+/HER2- subtype.
Methods: We performed targeted ultra-deep sequencing (CancerSCAN™) of breast cancer tissue in a prospective cohort. Burden of disease was assessed by metabolic tumor volume(MTV) in 18F-FDG-PET scan. Association with clinical characteristics or survival were tested in ER+/HER2- subtype, using Chi square test or Kaplan-Meier method.
Results: PIK3CA analyses were performed in 1274 breast cancer specimens from 1091 patients. 957 patients had early breast cancer. PIK3CA alterations were found in 397 patients(36.3%), and frequency of PIK3CA mutation was significantly lower in triple negative breast cancer(19.0%), compared with 40.4% in ER+/HER2-, 40.9% in ER+/HER2+, and 45.2% in ER-/HER2+ subtype(p<0.0001). 158 patients had more than two biopsies. Among 92 patients with second biopsy within one month, 11%(10/92) had spatial heterogeneity of PIK3CA mutation. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 10%(3/30) of patients had change of PIK3CA mutational status. Serial biopsy at time of recurrence revealed loss or gain of PIK3CA mutation in 10 out of 59 patients (17%). In ER+/HER2- subtype, PIK3CA had a trend toward longer distant disease free survival without statistical significance. In patients with stage IV ER+/HER2- disease, PIK3CA hotspot mutations were associated with significant longer overall survival(OS) (71.0 vs. 37.8 months, p=0.048) and better progression free survival(PFS) at 1st line palliative treatment (37.7 vs. 9.4 months, p = 0.0004). Frequency of symptomatic recurrence, recurrence as oligometastases, and specific metastatic sites were not associated with PIK3CA mutational status, except that bone metastases at first distant metastases was less prevalent in patients with PIK3CA hotspot mutations(35.6% vs. 53.8% in PIK3CA wt, p=0.048). Metabolic tumor volume(MTV) at time of first distant metastases was not associated with presence of PIK3CA mutation.
Conclusion: We observed variations in PIK3CA mutational status in more than 10% of patients with >1 repeated biopsy. In stage IV ER+/HER2- disease, PIK3CA hotspot mutation seemed to be associated with longer PFS and OS, however metabolic tumor burden was not associated with PIK3CA alterations.
Citation Format: Ahn HK, Park S, Hyun SH, Park K, Lee E, Kim J-Y, Nam SJ, Kim SW, Lee JE, Lee SK, Yu JH, Ahn JS, Im Y-H, Park YH. PIK3CA mutations in breast cancer: Mutational landscape and clinical implications in ER+/HER2- subtype [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-08-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- HK Ahn
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Park
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SH Hyun
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Park
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - E Lee
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-Y Kim
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SJ Nam
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SW Kim
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JE Lee
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SK Lee
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JH Yu
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JS Ahn
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-H Im
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - YH Park
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea; Samsung Advanced Institute for H Ealth Sciences & Tehnology, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JY, Park KH, Park WY, Nam SJ, Kim SW, Lee JE, Lee SK, Yu JH, Ahn JS, Im YH, Park YH. Abstract P1-09-11: Prognostication of genetic alterations of ESR 1 in estrogen receptor positive metastatic breast cancers using targeted ultra-deep sequencing data analysis. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-09-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Genetic alteration of Estrogen Receptor 1(ESR1) gene have been associated with acquired endocrine resistance and occurred in about 20% of endocrine resistant estrogen receptor(ER)-positive metastatic breast cancer(MBC). Mutations in ligand binding domain of ESR1 lead to constitutive activity of the ER without ligand estrogen and stimulated down stream cell growth signal. Therefore, ESR1 ligand binding domain alteration is known resistant mechanism of aromatase inhibitor. Among these ESR1 mutations, Y537S, one of the ligand binding domain mutations, caused ER antagonist, fulvestrant resistance. Therefore, assessment of ESR1 mutation in ER-positive MBC had significant benefit to further precision medicine for MBCs. In this study, we explored to identify the frequency and type of ESR1 genetic alterations of ER-positive MBC.
Methods: We performed targeted ultra-deep sequencing (CancerSCAN™) using BC tissue specimens. This sequencing was covered entire coding area of ESR1 gene and also detected copy number alteration and translocation of ESR1.
Results: Targeted ultra-deep sequencing of ESR1 was performed using 990 BC tissues. Of 990 tissue samples, 341(34.5%) were MBCs. Of MBCs, 112(11.3%) were ER-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-negative BCs. In ER-positive HER2-negative MBCs (N=112), 21 ESR1 genetic alterations were identified in 19 BCs (17.0%). Nineteen were single nucleotide variats (SNVs) and three were copy number (CN) amplification. Most commonly detected single nucleotide variant (SNV) was D538G (6 of 19, 31.6%) followed by Y537N, Y537S, V382I (4, 2 and 2 cases, respectively). Three mutations occurred in non-ligand binding domain (G415V, V392I and P79A). Two BC samples harbored two ESR1 mutations, respectively (Y537S and D538G, L536P and Y537N). In terms of treatment, 11 of 12 patients with ER-positive MBC harboring ESR1 mutation received palliative endocrine therapies. Eight patients received aromatase inhibitor and two patients received tamoxifen. One patient received letrozole plus palbociclib. In 2 MBCs with Y537S mutation, progression free survival (PFS) of endocrine therapy was 1.4 and 5.3 months. MBCs with D538G had 12.3months of PFS (range, 5.3-23.7(months)) and BCs harboring another ligand binding domain mutations (Y537N, L536H and L536P) had 15.7months of PFS of endocrine therapy (range, 8.4-17.3(months)). BC with mutation observed in non-lignand binding domain had short PFS (1.8 (V392I) and 2.7 (P79A) months, respectively). In terms of ESR1 CN amplification, patients could not receive endocrine therapy because their BCs rapidly progressed and extensive distant metastases were occurred within 3 months after curative surgery.
Conclusion: In this exploratory study, ESR1 genetic alterations were detected in about 20% of ER-positive MBC. The type of genetic alterations varied including SNVs, CNAs. Each locus of ESR1 mutation predicted endocrine resistance. In addition, we might suggest that ESR1 CN amplification is prognostic marker of ER-positive BCs.
Citation Format: Kim J-Y, Park KH, Park W-Y, Nam SJ, Kim SW, Lee JE, Lee SK, Yu JH, Ahn JS, Im Y-H, Park YH. Prognostication of genetic alterations of ESR 1 in estrogen receptor positive metastatic breast cancers using targeted ultra-deep sequencing data analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-09-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - KH Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W-Y Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SJ Nam
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SW Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JE Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SK Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JH Yu
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JS Ahn
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-H Im
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - YH Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JY, Jung HH, Lim JE, Cho EY, Lee SK, Yu JH, Lee JE, Kim SW, Nam SJ, Park YH, Ahn JS, Im YH. Abstract P4-08-30: Prognostication of immune related gene expression in patients with triple negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-08-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: To date, the role of immunotherapy with check point inhibitors and/or vaccines in the treatment of breast cancer (BC) is still debating, and the main focus of immunotherapy in BC is on triple negative subtype as a target population in many ongoing clinical trials. Translational research into identifying predictive and prognostic immune biomarkers is of particular clinical relevance, but, there are currently no definite prognostic and predictive immune biomarkers in BC, especially in triple negative breast cancer(TNBC). We investigated the expression profiles of immune genes in patients with TNBC to identify the prognostic value of immune genes in search of clinical implications.
Methods : We investigated expression profiles of 770 pan-cancer immune related genes using the nCounter mRNA expression assay (NanoString®) from paraffin-embedded tumor tissues in 200 patients diagnosed as TNBC who received curative surgery at Samsung Medical Center from 2000 to 2004. We analyzed the relationship between stage adjusted level of gene expressions and patients' survival outcomes using Cox regression model.
Results: Of 770 genes, 186 genes were selected from univariate analysis with clinical stage adjustment. In multivariate analysis using Cox regression, expressions of CD1B, CD45, CD53, CT45A1, GTF3C1, IL11RA, IL1RN, LRRN3, MAPK1, NEFL, PRKCE, SPACA3 and RANKL were associated with distant recurrence free survival (p<0.05, respectively). Among these 13 genes, expression of MAPK1, NEFL, CD45, SPACA3 and RANKL were correlated with favorable outcome in terms of distant recurrence free survival (p<0.05, respectively). In terms of overall survival, C3, IL1RL1, IL1RN, IL7 and PRKCE were associated with poor prognosis (p<0.05, respectively) and expression of SAA1 CXCL9 and RANKL resulted in favorable outcome (p<0.05, respectively).
Table 1ParameterParameter EstimateStandard Errorp-valueHazard Ratio95% Confidence Interval(a) distant recurrence free survival Stage2.487350.680570.000312.0293.169, 45.661CD1B1.141910.2753<.00013.1331.826, 5.374CD531.531650.34851<.00014.6262.336, 9.159CT45A10.426110.134210.00151.5311.177, 1.992GTF3C11.193110.579720.03963.2971.059, 10.271IL11RA1.671120.461750.00035.3182.151, 13.146IL1RN0.980280.24657<.00012.6651.644, 4.321LRRN31.424170.28742<.00014.1542.365, 7.297MAPK1-0.542740.258240.03560.5810.35, 0.964NEFL-1.12170.335610.00080.3260.169, 0.629PRKCE2.378340.49659<.000110.7874.076, 28.549CD45-2.736780.43154<.00010.0650.028, 0.151SPACA3-0.745930.272270.00610.4740.278, 0.809RANKL-1.288920.2976<.00010.2760.154, 0.494(b) overall survival Stage1.359280.497810.00633.8931.468, 10.329C30.329830.150350.02831.3911.036, 1.867CXCL9-0.379190.100680.00020.6840.562, 0.834IL1RL10.679360.262940.00981.9731.178, 3.303IL1RN0.437130.172370.01121.5481.104, 2.171IL70.507280.206250.01391.6611.109, 2.488PRKCE0.835340.272910.00222.3061.35, 3.936SAA1-0.564250.13449<.00010.5690.437, 0.74RANKL-0.604990.234510.00990.5460.345, 0.865
Conclusion: High expression of IL1RN, PRKCE were associated with short distant recurrence free survival and overall survival in patients with TNBCs who received curative surgery. In contrast, RANKL expression resulted in prolonged distant recurrence free survival and overall survival.
Citation Format: Kim J-Y, Jung HH, Lim JE, Cho EY, Lee SK, Yu JH, Lee JE, Kim SW, Nam SJ, Park YH, Ahn JS, Im Y-H. Prognostication of immune related gene expression in patients with triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-08-30.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - HH Jung
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - JE Lim
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - EY Cho
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - SK Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - JH Yu
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - JE Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - SW Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - SJ Nam
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - YH Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - JS Ahn
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-H Im
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kim I, Choi HJ, Ryu JM, Lee SK, Yu JH, Kim SW, Nam SJ, Seo SW, Lee JE. Abstract P2-08-52: A predictive model for distant metastasis in breast cancer patients using machine learning. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p2-08-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Tumor metastasis is a major clinical challenge accounting for the vast majority of cancer related deaths.In previous studies, prediction of distant metastasis was based on subtypes,clinical status and sometimes gene expression were used however clinical application was difficult.
In this study, we develop the easy to use prediction tool for distant metastasis using clinical characteristics and gene profiles which came from CancerSCANTM, Next Generation Sequencing based targeted-sequencing platform designed at Samsung Medical Center(SMC).
Methods
We performed a retrospective chart review of 326 breast cancer patients who underwent surgery and CancerSCAN TM between Jan 2001 and Dec 2014 at SMC. Median follow up period was 83 months (Range 1˜190). Cancer scanTM cover 381 genes but 27 genes and 34 occasions (loss of function, mutation or copy number variation) were selected for analysis through gradient boosting and Wilcoxon Signed rank test. Azure Machine Learning is a cloud service that enables the execution of machine learning processes.This was accomplished using the steps of (1) edit the data, (2) split the data, (3) train the model, (4) score the model, and (5) evaluate the model. We split the modeling data into training and testing sets using a randomized 50–50 split. Two-class Decision Forest method was used. After deploying the Azure ML predictive model as a web service, we used a Representational State Transfer application programming interface to send data and obtained predictions in real-time.
Results
No distant metastasis group and distant metastasis group consisted of 267 and 59 patients, respectively. HR-/HER2+ and 50 years old and over patients were higher in metastasis group (p-value = 0.003 and p-value = 0.000). Nuclear grade 3 and N2,3 were higher in metastasis group (p-value = 0.010 and p-value = 0.000, p-value = 0.001 respectively). Stage III was also higher in metastasis group (p-value = 0.000). Among 59 patients with distantmetastasis, multiple sites metastasis was 21 cases (35.6%) and then lung metastasis was 19 cases (32.2%). In the 21 cases of multiple sites metastasis, triple sites was 6 cases (28.6%) and double sites was 15 cases (71.4%). PIK3CA mutation was the most frequent gene variation in all patients (34.5% of no metastasis group and 27.1% of metastasis group) but there was no difference between two groups(p-value = 0.278). BRCA 1 loss of function and BRCA2 loss of function were more frequent in metastasis group than no metastasis group(p-value = 0.033 and p-value = 0.024, respectively) but total counts was too small. We assessed the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for predictive value. The AUC of ROC curve was 1.000 and also accuracy, precision, recall were 1.000. In addition, we conducted internal validation using 83 patients during 2015. When we applied a 0.5 threshold value with our predictive model, true negative was 81 and true positive was 2 among 83 patients. Finally, the accuracy of validation was 1.000.
Conclusion
Our predicted model could represent a useful and easy-to-access tool for the selection of patients with distant metastasis. After additional evaluation with large data and external validation, worldwide use of our model could be expected.
Citation Format: Kim I, Choi HJ, Ryu JM, Lee SK, Yu JH, Kim SW, Nam SJ, Seo SW, Lee JE. A predictive model for distant metastasis in breast cancer patients using machine learning [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-52.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Gangnam-Gu, Korea
| | - HJ Choi
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Gangnam-Gu, Korea
| | - JM Ryu
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Gangnam-Gu, Korea
| | - SK Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Gangnam-Gu, Korea
| | - JH Yu
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Gangnam-Gu, Korea
| | - SW Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Gangnam-Gu, Korea
| | - SJ Nam
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Gangnam-Gu, Korea
| | - SW Seo
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Gangnam-Gu, Korea
| | - JE Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Gangnam-Gu, Korea
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Kan Z, Lal S, Ding Y, Lee JE, Lee SH, Lee SK, Yu JH, Choi YL, Kim SW, Nam SJ, Kim JY, Ram S, Powell E, Ching K, Cho SY, Bonato V, Deng S, Park WY, Rejto P, Bienkowska J, Park YH. Abstract PD5-08: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy alters the genomic landscape and immune microenvironment of breast cancers. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-pd5-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Understanding how standard-of-care drug treatments affect tumor intrinsic biology and microenvironment is critical for elucidating drug resistance mechanisms and developing better combination therapies as well as new therapies. To characterize the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on the genome, transcriptome and tumor infiltrating leukocytes (TILs), we have conducted whole exome and whole transcriptome sequencing of a large longitudinal breast cancer cohort consisting of 146 cases and 281 paired tumor samples. In total, 52 (38%) patients achieved pathologic complete response (pCR) while 85 patients (62%) had residual disease with standard chemotherapy regimen. Tumor biopsies were collected for each patient at three time points – pre-treatment, three weeks after the first cycle of anthracycline and cyclophosphamide (AC) and at the time of surgery after 3 more cycles of AC followed by 4 cycles of taxane or taxane plus Herceptin in case of HER2+ subtype. We detected 5,955 protein-altering somatic mutations affecting 4,414 genes in pretreatment samples and 502 acquired mutations in surgery samples affecting 477 genes including 19recurrently mutated genes such as TP53 and NOTCH1. Across all subtypes, 4,346 genes were differentially expressed (DE) following NAC treatment and significantly enriched in pathways such as cell cycle, ER signaling, PI3K/mTOR, immune and metabolism. Expression-based virtual microdissection analysis indicated that NAC treatment induced an increase in the fractions of stromal and adjacent normal tissue compartment, consistent with observed reduction in tumor cellularity. To assess the NAC induced changes in the molecular landscape of these tumors, we compared molecular features including gene expression signatures, mutation prevalence and copy number alteration between three time points while adjusting for confounding effects of molecular subtype and tumor cellularity. We found that NAC induced dynamic changes in gene expression signatures associated with proliferation and immunomodulatory treatment response. We further validated the observed pattern of change in TILs through histopathology and digital imaging analyses. In pretreatment tumors, 116 genes were DE between patients with pCR vs. those with residual disease with significant enrichment in immune/inflammatory pathways. Further, pre-treatment TIL levels were found to be significantly associated with pCR, echoing previous reports in breast cancers that implicated anti-tumor immunity in mediating the efficacy of chemotherapies. Our analyses also revealed associations between NAC response and baseline genomic attributes such as genomic alterations that affect DNA damage repair pathways. Taken together, these results suggest that NAC induced a multitude of changes on the genomic landscape and immune microenvironment of breast cancers, some of which point to combination strategies with immunomodulatory therapies and therapies that target DNA damage repair.
Citation Format: Kan Z, Lal S, Ding Y, Lee JE, Lee S-H, Lee SK, Yu JH, Choi Y-l, Kim SW, Nam SJ, Kim J-Y, Ram S, Powell E, Ching K, Cho SY, Bonato V, Deng S, Park W-Y, Rejto P, Bienkowska J, Park Y-H. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy alters the genomic landscape and immune microenvironment of breast cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD5-08.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Kan
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Lal
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Ding
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - JE Lee
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-H Lee
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - SK Lee
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - JH Yu
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-l Choi
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - SW Kim
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - SJ Nam
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-Y Kim
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Ram
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - E Powell
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Ching
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - SY Cho
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - V Bonato
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Deng
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - W-Y Park
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - P Rejto
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Bienkowska
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-H Park
- Pfizer, San Diego, CA; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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