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Lee H, Yoo JS, Jung SW. RefQSR: Reference-Based Quantization for Image Super-Resolution Networks. IEEE Trans Image Process 2024; 33:2823-2834. [PMID: 38598375 DOI: 10.1109/tip.2024.3385276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Single image super-resolution (SISR) aims to reconstruct a high-resolution image from its low-resolution observation. Recent deep learning-based SISR models show high performance at the expense of increased computational costs, limiting their use in resource-constrained environments. As a promising solution for computationally efficient network design, network quantization has been extensively studied. However, existing quantization methods developed for SISR have yet to effectively exploit image self-similarity, which is a new direction for exploration in this study. We introduce a novel method called reference-based quantization for image super-resolution (RefQSR) that applies high-bit quantization to several representative patches and uses them as references for low-bit quantization of the rest of the patches in an image. To this end, we design dedicated patch clustering and reference-based quantization modules and integrate them into existing SISR network quantization methods. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of RefQSR on various SISR networks and quantization methods.
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Jeon JJ, Jung SW, Kim YH, Parisi R, Lee JY, Kim MH, Lee WS, Lee S. Global, Regional, and National Epidemiology of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Modelling Study. Br J Dermatol 2024:ljae058. [PMID: 38332643 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljae058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that leads to a high psychiatric, economic, and systemic disease burden. A comprehensive understanding of AA epidemiology is essential for evaluating healthcare source utilization; however, there is a lack of systematic approach for summarizing epidemiologic data on AA. OBJECTIVES To systematically investigate the global, regional, and national incidence and prevalence of AA. METHODS A structured search was conducted using the Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SciELO, and Korean journal databases from their inception date to October 4, 2023. Studies that reported the prevalence or incidence of AA were included. We used a Bayesian hierarchical linear mixed model to analyse the prevalence estimates. The primary outcomes of our study were the global, regional, and national prevalence of physician-diagnosed AA for overall population, adults, and children. The incidence data were summarised descriptively. RESULTS In total, 88 studies from 28 countries were included in the analysis. The reported incidence of alopecia areata tended to be higher in adults aged 19-50 years, and this trend was consistent with its estimated prevalence. The reported prevalence in overall population tended to be higher in men compared to in women. The estimated lifetime prevalence of AA was 0.10% (95% credible intervals, 0.03%-0.39%) in the general population worldwide, 0.12% (95% credible intervals, 0.02%-0.52%) in adults, and 0.03% (95% credible intervals, 0.01%-0.12%) in children. The estimated prevalence was highest in the Asian region and lowest in the African region. CONCLUSIONS In this study, 48% of the total Global Burden of Disease regions had insufficient data reporting the prevalence or incidence of AA. Further studies are needed to provide epidemiological information on middle- and low-income countries. Our study can serve as a crucial reference in terms of healthcare policy decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Joon Jeon
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - You Hyun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Rosa Parisi
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ju Yeong Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ha Kim
- Yonsei Wonju Medical Library, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Soo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Solam Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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Ferlini Agne G, Kapusniak AE, Wooldridge AA, Jung SW. Clinical effect of torsemide in a horse with congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 133:105001. [PMID: 38190865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
In this case report, a high dose of torsemide (6mg/kg, every 12 hours for 3 days followed by 12mg/kg, every 12 hours for 4 days) was administered orally to a horse with congestive heart failure (CHF) and atrial fibrillation. Blood samples for measurement of plasma torsemide concentrations were obtained one hour after each drug administration. Pharmacodynamic effects of oral torsemide were evaluated by daily physical examination, electrocardiography, and serum biochemistry. The horse tolerated administration of torsemide. A decrease in ventral oedema and venous congestion was subjectively noted at day 7. Torsemide plasma concentration markedly increased at day 5 (peak concentration of 15.41 µg/mL). Evidence of an increase in renal markers was observed throughout the study period. Electrolyte measurements revealed mild hyponatremia and hypochloremia, and moderate hypokalaemia. No electrocardiographic changes related to torsemide administration were observed. After seven days of treatment, the horse was euthanised due to his disease stage and poor prognosis. Results indicate that torsemide was absorbed after oral administration and was well tolerated in this horse. Furthermore, clinical improvement in this single case indicates that torsemide might be utilized as an oral alternative to furosemide in the management of equine patients in CHF. The high doses of torsemide used in this case report should be reserved for cases without clinical response to lower doses and with close monitoring of electrolytes and renal function parameters. Further investigation of torsemide clinical efficacy and safety in horses with CHF with a larger cohort and prolonged administration is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ferlini Agne
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, 1454 Mudla Wirra Road, Roseworthy, 5371, South Australia, Australia.
| | - A E Kapusniak
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, 1454 Mudla Wirra Road, Roseworthy, 5371, South Australia, Australia
| | - A A Wooldridge
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University, 1130 Wire Rd., Auburn 36849, Alabama, United States
| | - S W Jung
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University, 1130 Wire Rd., Auburn 36849, Alabama, United States
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Xu Z, Lim S, Lu Y, Jung SW. Reversed domain adaptation for nuclei segmentation-based pathological image classification. Comput Biol Med 2024; 168:107726. [PMID: 37984206 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that digital pathology has provided a new paradigm for modern medicine, the insufficiency of annotations for training remains a significant challenge. Due to the weak generalization abilities of deep-learning models, their performance is notably constrained in domains without sufficient annotations. Our research aims to enhance the model's generalization ability through domain adaptation, increasing the prediction ability for the target domain data while only using the source domain labels for training. To further enhance classification performance, we introduce nuclei segmentation to provide the classifier with more diagnostically valuable nuclei information. In contrast to the general domain adaptation that generates source-like results in the target domain, we propose a reversed domain adaptation strategy that generates target-like results in the source domain, enabling the classification model to be more robust to inaccurate segmentation results. The proposed reversed unsupervised domain adaptation can effectively reduce the disparities in nuclei segmentation between the source and target domains without any target domain labels, leading to improved image classification performance in the target domain. The whole framework is designed in a unified manner so that the segmentation and classification modules can be trained jointly. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves the classification performance in the target domain and outperforms existing general domain adaptation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Xu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seohoon Lim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yucheng Lu
- Education and Research Center for Socialware IT, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lee H, Lee Y, Jung SW, Lee S, Oh B, Yang S. Deep Learning-Based Evaluation of Ultrasound Images for Benign Skin Tumors. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:7374. [PMID: 37687830 PMCID: PMC10490539 DOI: 10.3390/s23177374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a combined convolutional neural network for the diagnosis of three benign skin tumors was designed, and its effectiveness was verified through quantitative and statistical analysis. To this end, 698 sonographic images were taken and diagnosed at the Department of Dermatology at Severance Hospital in Seoul, Korea, between 10 November 2017 and 17 January 2020. Through an empirical process, a convolutional neural network combining two structures, which consist of a residual structure and an attention-gated structure, was designed. Five-fold cross-validation was applied, and the train set for each fold was augmented by the Fast AutoAugment technique. As a result of training, for three benign skin tumors, an average accuracy of 95.87%, an average sensitivity of 90.10%, and an average specificity of 96.23% were derived. Also, through statistical analysis using a class activation map and physicians' findings, it was found that the judgment criteria of physicians and the trained combined convolutional neural network were similar. This study suggests that the model designed and trained in this study can be a diagnostic aid to assist physicians and enable more efficient and accurate diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerin Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Solam Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungho Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejung Yang
- Department of Precision Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
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Lim SH, Kang H, Jung SW, Lee WS. Prognosis in patients with alopecia areata with poliosis: A retrospective cohort study of 479 cases. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2023; 89:595-599. [PMID: 37067136 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_552_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ha Lim
- Department of Dermatology and Institute of Hair and Cosmetic Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kang
- Department of Dermatology and Institute of Hair and Cosmetic Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Dermatology and Institute of Hair and Cosmetic Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Soo Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Institute of Hair and Cosmetic Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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Lee H, Park J, Jeong W, Jung SW. Monocular depth estimation network with single-pixel depth guidance. Opt Lett 2023; 48:594-597. [PMID: 36723539 DOI: 10.1364/ol.478375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to the scale ambiguity problem, the performance of monocular depth estimation (MDE) is inherently restricted. Multi-camera systems, especially those equipped with active depth cameras, have addressed this problem at the expense of increased hardware costs and space. In this Letter, we adopt a similar but cost-effective solution using only single-pixel depth guidance with a single-photon avalanche diode. To this end, we design a single-pixel guidance module (SPGM) that combines the global information from the single-pixel depth guidance with the spatial information from the image at the feature level. By integrating SPGMs into an MDE network, we introduce PhoMoNet, the first, to the best of our knowledge, end-to-end MDE network with single-pixel depth guidance. Experimental results show the effectiveness and superiority of PhoMoNet over state-of-the-art MDE networks on synthetic and real-world datasets.
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Xu Z, Lim S, Shin HK, Uhm KH, Lu Y, Jung SW, Ko SJ. Risk-aware survival time prediction from whole slide pathological images. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21948. [PMID: 36536017 PMCID: PMC9763255 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26096-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep-learning-based survival prediction can assist doctors by providing additional information for diagnosis by estimating the risk or time of death. The former focuses on ranking deaths among patients based on the Cox model, whereas the latter directly predicts the survival time of each patient. However, it is observed that survival time prediction for the patients, particularly with close observation times, possibly has incorrect orders, leading to low prediction accuracy. Therefore, in this paper, we present a whole slide image (WSI)-based survival time prediction method that takes advantage of both the risk as well as time prediction. Specifically, we propose to combine these two approaches by extracting the risk prediction features and using them as guides for the survival time prediction. Considering the high resolution of WSIs, we extract tumor patches from WSIs using a pre-trained tumor classifier and apply the graph convolutional network to aggregate information across these patches effectively. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves the time prediction accuracy when compared with direct prediction of the survival times without guidance and outperforms existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Xu
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - Seohoon Lim
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - Hong-Kyu Shin
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Uhm
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - Yucheng Lu
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Education and Research Center for Socialware IT, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - Sung-Jea Ko
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
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Lim SH, Jung SW, Seo HS, Pi LQ, Hong SP. Fractional 1064-nm picosecond Nd:YAG laser promotes hair regrowth in BALB/c mice. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:5236-5237. [PMID: 35390215 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ha Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seok Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Long-Quan Pi
- Department of Dermatology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Seung Phil Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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10
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Jung SW, Park GH, Kim E, Yoo KM, Kim HW, Lee JS, Chang MY, Shin KO, Park K, Choi EH. Rosmarinic Acid, as an NHE1 Activator, Decreases Skin Surface pH and Improves the Skin Barrier Function. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3910. [PMID: 35409270 PMCID: PMC8999067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Stratum corneum (SC) pH regulates skin barrier functions and elevated SC pH is an important factor in various inflammatory skin diseases. Acidic topical formulas have emerged as treatments for impaired skin barriers. Sodium proton exchanger 1 (NHE1) is an important factor in SC acidification. We investigated whether topical applications containing an NHE1 activator could improve skin barrier functions. We screened plant extracts to identify NHE1 activators in vitro and found Melissa officinalis leaf extract. Rosmarinic acid, a component of Melissa officinalis leaf extract, significantly increased NHE1 mRNA expression levels and NHE1 production. Immunofluorescence staining of NHE1 in 3D-cultured skin revealed greater upregulation of NHE1 expression by NHE1 activator cream, compared to vehicle cream. Epidermal lipid analysis revealed that the ceramide level was significantly higher upon application of the NHE1 activator cream on 3D-cultured skin, compared to application of a vehicle cream. In a clinical study of 50-60-year-old adult females (n = 21), application of the NHE1 activator-containing cream significantly improved skin barrier functions by reducing skin surface pH and transepidermal water loss and increasing skin hydration, compared to patients who applied vehicle cream and those receiving no treatment. Thus, creams containing NHE1 activators, such as rosmarinic acid, could help maintain or recover skin barrier functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (S.-W.J.); (E.K.)
| | - Gi Hyun Park
- CMS LAB, Seoul 35324, Korea; (G.H.P.); (K.M.Y.); (H.W.K.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Eunjung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (S.-W.J.); (E.K.)
| | - Kang Min Yoo
- CMS LAB, Seoul 35324, Korea; (G.H.P.); (K.M.Y.); (H.W.K.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Hea Won Kim
- CMS LAB, Seoul 35324, Korea; (G.H.P.); (K.M.Y.); (H.W.K.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Jin Soo Lee
- CMS LAB, Seoul 35324, Korea; (G.H.P.); (K.M.Y.); (H.W.K.); (J.S.L.)
| | | | - Kyong-Oh Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (K.-O.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Kyungho Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (K.-O.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Eung Ho Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea; (S.-W.J.); (E.K.)
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Abstract
Low-light imaging on mobile devices is typically challenging due to insufficient incident light coming through the relatively small aperture, resulting in low image quality. Most of the previous works on low-light imaging focus either only on a single task such as illumination adjustment, color enhancement, or noise removal; or on a joint illumination adjustment and denoising task that heavily relies on short-long exposure image pairs from specific camera models. These approaches are less practical and generalizable in real-world settings where camera-specific joint enhancement and restoration is required. In this paper, we propose a low-light imaging framework that performs joint illumination adjustment, color enhancement, and denoising to tackle this problem. Considering the difficulty in model-specific data collection and the ultra-high definition of the captured images, we design two branches: a coefficient estimation branch and a joint operation branch. The coefficient estimation branch works in a low-resolution space and predicts the coefficients for enhancement via bilateral learning, whereas the joint operation branch works in a full-resolution space and progressively performs joint enhancement and denoising. In contrast to existing methods, our framework does not need to recollect massive data when adapted to another camera model, which significantly reduces the efforts required to fine-tune our approach for practical usage. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate its great potential in real-world low-light imaging applications.
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Baluch K, Kim JG, Kim JG, Ko YH, Jung SW, Baluch SQ. Assessment of Sinkholes Investigations in Jangseong-Gun Area, South Korea, and Recommendations for Similar Studies. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19031111. [PMID: 35162135 PMCID: PMC8834019 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the site investigation field data and access work performed between 2016 and 2019 in the study area located close to Gun-dong mine. The research was aimed at defining the cause of sinkholes and their relationship with the underlying karstic limestone bedrock and nearby mining activities. Only a limited number of small sinkholes appeared in 2014, 2016, and 2018 in the agricultural land close to the limestone mine. The previously open pit mine started its underground operations in 2007. Since then, the mine has developed, and is now comprised of, large underground excavations at several levels below the surface. The studies carried out concluded that the appearance of sinkholes may be related to a general lowering of the groundwater table because of nearby agricultural and mining activities and also due to over-extraction of water due to increased urban use. Whilst these are the best determinations, this paper identifies missing elements of the previous investigations mentioned above, some issues with the interpretation of poorly prepared borehole logs and the improper preservation of borehole cores. The authors make recommendations for a systematic approach for implementation of an investigation strategy. This paper concludes that the appearance of sinkholes is a natural phenomenon, developing over geological time. However, human intervention contributes to sinkhole formation, which in urban areas may result in human, property, and economic losses. A better understanding, based on a methodical approach and suitable technologies, can determine the causes of sinkholes and can lead to the formulation of solutions and the implementation of economically and socially acceptable mitigation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaqan Baluch
- Department of Mineral Resources and Energy Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - Jung-Gyu Kim
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Jong-Gwan Kim
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.-G.K.); (S.Q.B.); Tel.: +82-10-3173-7302 (J.G.K.); +389-78-804-390 (S.Q.B.)
| | - Young Hun Ko
- Department of Geotechnical Engineering Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang 10223, Korea;
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Guns and Explosives Safety Technology Association, 50, Mapo-daero 1-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04162, Korea;
| | - Sher Q. Baluch
- Consulting Engineer, EDACS International, 6000 Ohrid, North Macedonia
- Correspondence: (J.-G.K.); (S.Q.B.); Tel.: +82-10-3173-7302 (J.G.K.); +389-78-804-390 (S.Q.B.)
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Uhm KH, Jung SW, Choi MH, Hong SH, Ko SJ. A Unified Multi-Phase CT Synthesis and Classification Framework for Kidney Cancer Diagnosis with Incomplete Data. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2022; 26:6093-6104. [PMID: 36327174 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2022.3219123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Multi-phase computed tomography (CT) is widely adopted for the diagnosis of kidney cancer due to the complementary information among phases. However, the complete set of multi-phase CT is often not available in practical clinical applications. In recent years, there have been some studies to generate the missing modality image from the available data. Nevertheless, the generated images are not guaranteed to be effective for the diagnosis task. In this paper, we propose a unified framework for kidney cancer diagnosis with incomplete multi-phase CT, which simultaneously recovers missing CT images and classifies cancer subtypes using the completed set of images. The advantage of our framework is that it encourages a synthesis model to explicitly learn to generate missing CT phases that are helpful for classifying cancer subtypes. We further incorporate lesion segmentation network into our framework to exploit lesion-level features for effective cancer classification in the whole CT volumes. The proposed framework is based on fully 3D convolutional neural networks to jointly optimize both synthesis and classification of 3D CT volumes. Extensive experiments on both in-house and external datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework for the diagnosis with incomplete data compared with state-of-the-art baselines. In particular, cancer subtype classification using the completed CT data by our method achieves higher performance than the classification using the given incomplete data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Hyun Uhm
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk- gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk- gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moon Hyung Choi
- Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hoo Hong
- Department of Urology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Jea Ko
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk- gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Uhm KH, Jung SW, Choi MH, Shin HK, Yoo JI, Oh SW, Kim JY, Kim HG, Lee YJ, Youn SY, Hong SH, Ko SJ. Deep learning for end-to-end kidney cancer diagnosis on multi-phase abdominal computed tomography. NPJ Precis Oncol 2021; 5:54. [PMID: 34145374 PMCID: PMC8213852 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2020, it is estimated that 73,750 kidney cancer cases were diagnosed, and 14,830 people died from cancer in the United States. Preoperative multi-phase abdominal computed tomography (CT) is often used for detecting lesions and classifying histologic subtypes of renal tumor to avoid unnecessary biopsy or surgery. However, there exists inter-observer variability due to subtle differences in the imaging features of tumor subtypes, which makes decisions on treatment challenging. While deep learning has been recently applied to the automated diagnosis of renal tumor, classification of a wide range of subtype classes has not been sufficiently studied yet. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end deep learning model for the differential diagnosis of five major histologic subtypes of renal tumors including both benign and malignant tumors on multi-phase CT. Our model is a unified framework to simultaneously identify lesions and classify subtypes for the diagnosis without manual intervention. We trained and tested the model using CT data from 308 patients who underwent nephrectomy for renal tumors. The model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.889, and outperformed radiologists for most subtypes. We further validated the model on an independent dataset of 184 patients from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). The AUC for this dataset was 0.855, and the model performed comparably to the radiologists. These results indicate that our model can achieve similar or better diagnostic performance than radiologists in differentiating a wide range of renal tumors on multi-phase CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Hyun Uhm
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moon Hyung Choi
- Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong-Kyu Shin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ik Yoo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Won Oh
- Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Young Kim
- Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Gi Kim
- Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Joon Lee
- Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seo Yeon Youn
- Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hoo Hong
- Department of Urology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sung-Jea Ko
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Brannagan TH, Wang AK, Coelho T, Waddington Cruz M, Polydefkis MJ, Dyck PJ, Plante-Bordeneuve V, Berk JL, Barroso F, Merlini G, Conceição I, Hughes SG, Kwoh J, Jung SW, Guthrie S, Pollock M, Benson MD, Gertz M. Early data on long-term efficacy and safety of inotersen in patients with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: a 2-year update from the open-label extension of the NEURO-TTR trial. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:1374-1381. [PMID: 32343462 PMCID: PMC7496583 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hereditary transthyretin (hATTR) amyloidosis causes progressive polyneuropathy resulting from transthyretin (TTR) amyloid deposition throughout the body, including the peripheral nerves. The efficacy and safety of inotersen, an antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of TTR protein production, were demonstrated in the pivotal NEURO-TTR study in patients with hATTR polyneuropathy. Here, the long-term efficacy and safety of inotersen are assessed in an ongoing open-label extension (OLE) study. METHODS Patients who completed NEURO-TTR were eligible to enroll in the OLE (NCT02175004). Efficacy assessments included the modified Neuropathy Impairment Score plus seven neurophysiological tests composite score (mNIS + 7), the Norfolk Quality of Life - Diabetic Neuropathy (Norfolk QOL-DN) questionnaire total score and the Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Component Summary (PCS) score. Safety and tolerability were also assessed. RESULTS Overall, 97% (135/139) of patients who completed NEURO-TTR enrolled in the OLE. Patients who received inotersen for 39 cumulative months in NEURO-TTR and the OLE continued to show benefit; patients who switched from placebo to inotersen in the OLE demonstrated improvement or stabilization of neurological disease progression by mNIS + 7, Norfolk QOL-DN and SF-36 PCS. No new safety concerns were identified. There was no evidence of increased risk for grade 4 thrombocytopenia or severe renal events with increased duration of inotersen exposure. CONCLUSION Inotersen slowed disease progression and reduced deterioration of quality of life in patients with hATTR polyneuropathy. Early treatment with inotersen resulted in greater long-term disease stabilization than delayed initiation. Routine platelet and renal safety monitoring were effective; no new safety signals were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Brannagan
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A K Wang
- University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - T Coelho
- Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Waddington Cruz
- CEPARM, Amyloidosis Referral Center, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - J L Berk
- Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - G Merlini
- Amyloidosis Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - I Conceição
- CHULN, Hospital Santa Maria and Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S G Hughes
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - J Kwoh
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - S W Jung
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | | | - M Pollock
- Akcea Therapeutics, Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - M D Benson
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - M Gertz
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Lee J, Kim DW, Won CS, Jung SW. Graph Cut-Based Human Body Segmentation in Color Images Using Skeleton Information from the Depth Sensor. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19020393. [PMID: 30669363 PMCID: PMC6358916 DOI: 10.3390/s19020393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Segmentation of human bodies in images is useful for a variety of applications, including background substitution, human activity recognition, security, and video surveillance applications. However, human body segmentation has been a challenging problem, due to the complicated shape and motion of a non-rigid human body. Meanwhile, depth sensors with advanced pattern recognition algorithms provide human body skeletons in real time with reasonable accuracy. In this study, we propose an algorithm that projects the human body skeleton from a depth image to a color image, where the human body region is segmented in the color image by using the projected skeleton as a segmentation cue. Experimental results using the Kinect sensor demonstrate that the proposed method provides high quality segmentation results and outperforms the conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonha Lee
- Department of Multimedia Engineering, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1gil 30, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Multimedia Engineering, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1gil 30, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
| | - Chee Sun Won
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1gil 30, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Multimedia Engineering, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1gil 30, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
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Choi HB, Hong JS, Jin SS, Jung SW, Jang JC, Jeong JH, Kim YY. Effect of rapeseed meal supplementation to gestation diet on reproductive performance, blood profiles and milk composition of sows. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2017; 31:386-394. [PMID: 28728405 PMCID: PMC5838344 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective This experiment evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation levels of rapeseed meal (RSM) in gestation diets on reproductive performance, blood profiles, milk composition of sows, and growth of their progeny. Methods A total of 55 mixed-parity sows (Yorkshire×Landrace; average parity = 3.82) with an initial body weight (BW) of 193.0 kg were used in this experiment. Sows were allotted to one of 5 treatments at breeding based on BW and backfat thickness in a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of dietary RSM supplementation levels (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%) in gestation diets. During lactation all sows were fed a common lactation diet with no RSM supplementation. Results Body weight, backfat thickness, litter size, lactation feed intake, and milk composition of sows, and growth of their progeny were not different among dietary treatments. In blood profiles, a quadratic increase (Quadratic, p<0.05) in serum triiodothyronine (T3) concentration and a linear increase (Linear, p<0.01) in serum thyroxine (T4) concentration were observed at d 110 of gestation as dietary RSM supplementation levels increased. However, serum T3 and T4 concentrations in lactating sows and their piglets were not affected by RSM supplementation of gestation diets. Concentrations of serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in sows were not influenced by dietary treatments, whereas serum glucose level in sows decreased linearly at d 110 of gestation (Linear, p<0.05) by increasing dietary RSM supplementation in gestation diets. Conclusion The RSM could be supplemented to gestation diets up to 12% with no detrimental effects on reproductive performance and growth of their progeny. However, increasing supplementation levels of RSM in gestation diets may increase serum T3 and T4 concentrations and decrease serum glucose concentration of sows in late gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultural Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,CJ Cheiljedang, CJ blossom park, Suwon 16495, Korea
| | - J S Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultural Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - S S Jin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultural Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - S W Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultural Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - J C Jang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultural Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - J H Jeong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultural Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Y Y Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultural Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Abstract
In this paper, a high dynamic range (HDR) imaging method based on the stereo vision system is presented. The proposed method uses differently exposed low dynamic range (LDR) images captured from a stereo camera. The stereo LDR images are first converted to initial stereo HDR images using the inverse camera response function estimated from the LDR images. However, due to the limited dynamic range of the stereo LDR camera, the radiance values in under/over-exposed regions of the initial main-view (MV) HDR image can be lost. To restore these radiance values, the proposed stereo matching and hole-filling algorithms are applied to the stereo HDR images. Specifically, the auxiliary-view (AV) HDR image is warped by using the estimated disparity between initial the stereo HDR images and then effective hole-filling is applied to the warped AV HDR image. To reconstruct the final MV HDR, the warped and hole-filled AV HDR image is fused with the initial MV HDR image using the weight map. The experimental results demonstrate objectively and subjectively that the proposed stereo HDR imaging method provides better performance compared to the conventional method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Jae Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea.
| | - Seo-Won Ji
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea.
| | - Seok-Jae Kang
- Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., 1, Samsungjeonja-ro, Hwaseong-si 445-330, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Multimedia Engineering, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1gil 30, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715; Korea.
| | - Sung-Jea Ko
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea.
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Newhard DK, Jung SW, Winter RL, Kuca T, Bayne J, Passler T. Double-outlet right ventricle with an intact interventricular septum and concurrent hypoplastic left ventricle in a calf. J Vet Cardiol 2017; 19:205-210. [PMID: 28111139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A 3-day-old Hereford heifer calf presented for evaluation of lethargy and dyspnea, with persistent hypoxia despite supplemental oxygen therapy. A grade III/VI right apical systolic murmur was noted during cardiac auscultation. Echocardiography revealed a double-outlet right ventricle with an intact interventricular septum and concurrent hypoplastic left ventricle and tricuspid valve dysplasia. Post-mortem examination revealed additional congenital anomalies of ductus arteriosus, patent foramen ovale, and persistent left cranial vena cava. This report illustrates the use of echocardiographic images to diagnose a double-outlet right ventricle with an intact interventricular septum and a hypoplastic left ventricle in a calf.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Newhard
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - S W Jung
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
| | - R L Winter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - T Kuca
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - J Bayne
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - T Passler
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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20
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Hong JS, Jin SS, Jung SW, Fang LH, Kim YY. Evaluation of dry feeding and liquid feeding to lactating sows under high temperature environment. J Anim Sci Technol 2016; 58:36. [PMID: 27795834 PMCID: PMC5075156 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-016-0118-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Liquid feeding system has been introduced to domestic swine farms, but negative cognition about liquid feeding system has been remained for feed waste decay related with poor management and microbial contamination. For these reasons, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding method in lactating sows. Methods A total of 30 mixed-parity (average 4.13) lactating sows (Yorkshire × Landrace) with an initial BW of 218.8 ± 19.5kg was used in a 3 week trial. Sows were allotted to 1 of 2 treatments in a completely randomized design by their body weight, backfat thickness, parity and alive litter weight. One of treatments was dry feeding and the other was liquid feeding (water to feed ratio, 1:1). Experimental diets contained 3265 kcal ME/kg, 12.6 % CP, 5.76 % EE, 1.09 % total lysine, 0.25 % total methionine, as fed basis. Results Dry feeding treatment had high body weight loss rather than liquid feeding treatment (P = 0.04). Dry feeding treatment had tendency to increase litter weight at 21d of lactation (P = 0.06) and litter weight gain (P = 0.04) during lactation period (0–3 week). Sows fed dry feeding method made milk containing high content of casein and total solid rather than sows fed liquid feeding method (P = 0.04). In addition, dry feeding treatment had tendency to higher content of milk fat, protein and solid not fat on 21d of lactation (P = 0.07). Sows fed dry feeding type also showed higher milk energy content in milk of 21d lactation (P = 0.05). Furthermore, liquid feeding treatment showed high occurrence in feed waste during lactation period (P < 0.01). Conclusion Dry feeding method was more suitable feeding method to lactating sows under high temperature environment like lactating barn.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Hong
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S S Jin
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Jung
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - L H Fang
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Y Kim
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Jin SS, Jung SW, Jang JC, Chung WL, Jeong JH, Kim YY. Effects of Dietary Energy Levels on the Physiological Parameters and Reproductive Performance of Gestating Gilts. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2016; 29:1004-12. [PMID: 27282975 PMCID: PMC4932577 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary energy levels on the physiological parameters and reproductive performance of gestating first parity sows. A total of 52 F1 gilts (Yorkshire×Landrace) were allocated to 4 dietary treatments using a completely randomized design. Each treatment contained diets with 3,100, 3,200, 3,300, or 3,400 kcal of metabolizable energy (ME)/kg, and the daily energy intake of the gestating gilts in each treatment were 6,200, 6,400, 6,600, and 6,800 kcal of ME, respectively. During gestation, the body weight (p = 0.04) and weight gain (p = 0.01) of gilts linearly increased with increasing dietary energy levels. Backfat thickness was not affected at d110 of gestation by dietary treatments, but increased linearly (p = 0.05) from breeding to d 110 of gestation. There were no significant differences on the litter size or litter birth weight. During lactation, the voluntary feed intake of sows tended to decrease when the dietary energy levels increased (p = 0.08). No difference was observed in backfat thickness of the sows within treatments; increasing energy levels linearly decreased the body weight of sows (p<0.05) at d 21 of lactation and body weight gain during lactation (p<0.01). No significant differences were observed in the chemical compositions of colostrum and milk. Therefore, these results indicated that high-energy diets influenced the bodyweight and backfat thickness of sows during gestation and lactation. NRC (2012) suggested that the energy requirement of the gestation gilt should be between 6,678 and 7,932 kcal of ME/d. Similarly, our results suggested that 3,100 kcal of ME/kg is not enough to maintain the reproductive performance for gilts during gestation with 2 kg feed daily. Gilts in the treatment 3,400 kcal of ME/kg have a higher weaning number of piglets, but bodyweight and backfat loss were higher than other treatments during lactation. But bodyweight and backfat loss were higher than other treatments during lactation. Consequently, an adequate energy requirement of gestating gilts is 6,400 kcal of ME/d.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Jin
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - S W Jung
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - J C Jang
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - W L Chung
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - J H Jeong
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Y Y Kim
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
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Jung SW, Sun W, Griffiths LG, Kittleson MD. Atrial Fibrillation as a Prognostic Indicator in Medium to Large-Sized Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valvular Degeneration and Congestive Heart Failure. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 30:51-7. [PMID: 26681398 PMCID: PMC4913664 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence and prognostic importance of atrial fibrillation (AF) on survival in nonsmall breed dogs with myxomatous mitral valvular disease (MMVD) and congestive heart failure (CHF) remain unknown. Aim To identify the prevalence of AF in nonsmall breed dogs with CHF because of MMVD and to characterize the impact of AF on survival outcome. Animal Sixty‐four client‐owned dogs (>15 kg) with MMVD and CHF. Methods Retrospective review of medical records for dogs weighing >15 kg with MMVD treated for CHF. Results Thirty‐three dogs presented with AF or developed AF during follow‐up examinations, and 31 dogs were free of AF until cardiac‐related death. For dogs with AF, median survival time (MST) was 142 days (range: 9–478) while dogs without AF lived 234 days (range: 13–879 days). AF increased risk of cardiac‐related death (HR = 2.544; 95% CI = 1.41–4.59; P = .0019) when compared to dogs without AF. MST was significantly prolonged for dogs with AF whose rates were adequately controlled (<160 bpm; 171 days; n = 13) when compared to dogs that failed to respond to negative chronotropic agents (61 days; n = 20; P = .032). The administration of combination treatment (diltiazem and digoxin) significantly decreased median HR to 144 bpm (range: 84–218 bpm) in dogs with AF and significantly prolonged MST (diltiazem+digoxin: 130 days versus diltiazem: 35 days, P = .0241) when compared to diltiazem alone. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Inadequately controlled AF is associated with a higher rate of mortality. Optimization of therapeutic strategies for the rate control of AF remains determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Jung
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
| | - W Sun
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
| | - L G Griffiths
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - M D Kittleson
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
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Jang JC, Jung SW, Jin SS, Ohh SJ, Kim JE, Kim YY. The Effects of Gilts Housed Either in Group with the Electronic Sow Feeding System or Conventional Stall. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:1512-8. [PMID: 26323407 PMCID: PMC4554859 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to assess the welfare and productivity of gestating gilts in groups with the electronic sow feeding (ESF) system compared to conventional stalls. A total of 83 gilts (Yorkshire×Landrace) were housed into individual stalls to be artificially inseminated. Gilts confirmed pregnant were introduced to their treatment, conventional stalls (ST) or groups with the ESF system. All gilts were taken to the farrowing crates one week prior to their expected farrowing date. In the gestation period, there were no significant differences between gilts allocated to ST and ESF on growth performance. However, backfat thickness gain (p = 0.08) and body condition score (BCS) at 110 days of gestation (p = 0.10) tended to be higher in ESF gilts than ST. Likewise, gilts housed in group showed significantly higher estimated body muscle contents at 110 days of gestation (p = 0.02) and body muscle change during gestation (p = 0.01). There was a trend for a shorter parturition time in ESF gilts (p = 0.07). In the lactation period, group housed gilts showed a tendency to increased BCS changes (p = 0.06). Reproductive performance did not differ with the exception of piglet mortality (ST = 0.2 no. of piglets vs ESF = 0.4 no. of piglets; p = 0.01). In blood profiles, ST gilts showed a higher cortisol level at 110 days of gestation (p = 0.01). Weaning to estrus interval was shorter in gilts housed in ESF than ST (p = 0.01). In locomotory behaviors, ESF gilts recorded a tendency to elevate locomotion score at 36, 70, and 110 days of gestation (p = 0.07, p = 0.06, and p = 0.06, respectively). Similarly, ESF gilts showed significantly higher incidence of scratches at 36, 70, and 110 days of gestation (p = 0.01). Moreover, farrowing rates were higher in stall treatment (97.6%) compare to group housing treatment (95.2%). In conclusion, while group housed gilts with ESF system positively affected welfare status in combination with less physiologically stressful environments and activity, it negatively effects piglet mortality, farrowing rates and injuries of gilts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Jang
- College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - S W Jung
- College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - S S Jin
- College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - S J Ohh
- College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - J E Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 331-801, Korea
| | - Y Y Kim
- College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
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25
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Yoon YJ, Byun KY, Lee DH, Jung SW, Ko SJ. A new human perception-based over-exposure detection method for color images. Sensors (Basel) 2014; 14:17159-73. [PMID: 25225876 PMCID: PMC4208218 DOI: 10.3390/s140917159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
To correct an over-exposure within an image, the over-exposed region (OER) must first be detected. Detecting the OER accurately has a significant effect on the performance of the over-exposure correction. However, the results of conventional OER detection methods, which generally use the brightness and color information of each pixel, often deviate from the actual OER perceived by the human eye. To overcome this problem, in this paper, we propose a novel method for detecting the perceived OER more accurately. Based on the observation that recognizing the OER in an image is dependent on the saturation sensitivity of the human visual system (HVS), we detect the OER by thresholding the saturation value of each pixel. Here, a function of the proposed method, which is designed based on the results of a subjective evaluation on the saturation sensitivity of the HVS, adaptively determines the saturation threshold value using the color and the perceived brightness of each pixel. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method accurately detects the perceived OER, and furthermore, the over-exposure correction can be improved by adopting the proposed OER detection method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo-Jin Yoon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea.
| | - Keun-Yung Byun
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea.
| | - Dae-Hong Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea.
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Multimedia Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
| | - Sung-Jea Ko
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea.
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Choi O, Jung SW. A consensus-driven approach for structure and texture aware depth map upsampling. IEEE Trans Image Process 2014; 23:3321-3335. [PMID: 24951693 DOI: 10.1109/tip.2014.2329766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a method for increasing spatial resolution of a depth map using its corresponding high-resolution (HR) color image as a guide. Most of the previous methods rely on the assumption that depth discontinuities are highly correlated with color boundaries, leading to artifacts in the regions where the assumption is broken. To prevent scene texture from being erroneously transferred to reconstructed scene surfaces, we propose a framework for dividing the color image into different regions and applying different methods tailored to each region type. For the region classification, we first segment the low-resolution (LR) depth map into regions of smooth surfaces, and then use them to guide the segmentation of the color image. Using the consensus of multiple image segmentations obtained by different super-pixel generation methods, the color image is divided into continuous and discontinuous regions: in the continuous regions, their HR depth values are interpolated from LR depth samples without exploiting the color information. In the discontinuous regions, their HR depth values are estimated by sequentially applying more complicated depth-histogram-based methods. Through experiments, we show that each step of our method improves depth map upsampling both quantitatively and qualitatively. We also show that our method can be extended to handle real data with occluded regions caused by the displacement between color and depth sensors.
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Le AV, Jung SW, Won CS. Directional joint bilateral filter for depth images. Sensors (Basel) 2014; 14:11362-78. [PMID: 24971470 PMCID: PMC4168506 DOI: 10.3390/s140711362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Depth maps taken by the low cost Kinect sensor are often noisy and incomplete. Thus, post-processing for obtaining reliable depth maps is necessary for advanced image and video applications such as object recognition and multi-view rendering. In this paper, we propose adaptive directional filters that fill the holes and suppress the noise in depth maps. Specifically, novel filters whose window shapes are adaptively adjusted based on the edge direction of the color image are presented. Experimental results show that our method yields higher quality filtered depth maps than other existing methods, especially at the edge boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Vu Le
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
| | - Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Multimedia Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
| | - Chee Sun Won
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
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Jung SW, Kim DS, Yu YD, Ji WB, Park PJ, Choi SB, Park JW, Yoon SY, Han HJ, Song TJ, Choi SY, Suh SO. Does procurement technique affect posttransplant graft function in deceased donor liver transplantation? Transplant Proc 2014; 45:2880-5. [PMID: 24156997 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various techniques have been described deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) procurement. One is a technique whereby almost total dissection is done in the porta hepatis and perihepatic detachment is carried out before cross-clamping the donor aorta. In another approach, after the donor aorta is cross-clamped, rapid and minimal en bloc dissection is performed with minimal manipulation. We evaluated early posttransplant graft function among liver procurement techniques. METHOD Between January 2008 and August 2012, we performed 45 consecutive adult DDLTs. One patient was excluded from this analysis due to early death from sepsis after transplantation. The 44 included patients were divided into two cohorts according to the procurement technique: A warm dissection (n = 23; 52%) and a cold dissection group (n = 21; 48%). We compared early posttransplant graft function using the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (T-bil), and prothrombin time (PT) values of the two groups from the first to seventh postoperative day. RESULT The AST values in the warm group were significantly greater than those in the cold group on postoperative days 3 and 5. In addition, the ALT values in the warm group were greater than those in the cold group on postoperative days 4, 5, and 6. Moreover, the T-bil values in the warm group were greater than those in the cold group on postoperative days 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. However, there were no differences in PT values. CONCLUSION During liver procurement for DDLT, rapid en bloc procurement with minimal manipulation after clamping the donor aorta achieved better early graft function posttransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Jung
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Baek SJ, Nam GE, Han KD, Choi SW, Jung SW, Bok AR, Kim YH, Lee KS, Han BD, Kim DH. Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity and their association with dyslipidemia in Korean elderly men: the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Endocrinol Invest 2014; 37:247-60. [PMID: 24615361 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-013-0011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, aging has been shown to be associated with sarcopenic obesity (SO), of which decreased muscle mass and increased fat mass are features. Sarcopenia and obesity alone are known to be associated with abnormal lipid metabolism. However, it remains unclear whether SO has greater adverse effects on dyslipidemia than on sarcopenia or obesity alone. AIM We aimed to investigate the association between SO and dyslipidemia in elderly Koreans. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study was based on data collected during the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We included 1,466 men and 2,017 women aged 65 years and over. Sarcopenia was indicated in participants with height- or weight-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle that was 1 standard deviation below the sex-specific mean for the young reference group, and obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2). Dyslipidemia was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding factors, the SO group had a higher risk for dyslipidemia [odds ratio (OR) 2.82 (95 % confidence interval 1.76-4.51)] than the obese group [2.12 (1.11-4.07)] and sarcopenic group [1.46 (1.01-2.11)] (p < 0.001) only in men. Furthermore, the SO group in men had the highest OR for hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypo-high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, hyper-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, and a high ratio of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol even after further adjustments. CONCLUSIONS In Korean elderly men, SO was associated with an increased risk for dyslipidemia compared with sarcopenia or obesity alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Baek
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim SK, Kang B, Heo J, Jung SW, Choi O. Photometric stereo-based single time-of-flight camera. Opt Lett 2014; 39:166-169. [PMID: 24365849 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a method to enhance depth quality of a time-of-flight (ToF) camera without additional devices or hardware modifications. By controlling the turn-off patterns of the LEDs of the camera, we obtain depth and normal maps simultaneously. Sixteen subphase images are acquired with variations in gate-pulse timing and light emission pattern of the camera. The subphase images allow us to obtain a normal map, which are combined with depth maps for improved depth details. These details typically cannot be captured by conventional ToF cameras. By the proposed method, the average of absolute differences between the measured and laser-scanned depth maps has decreased from 4.57 to 3.77 mm.
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Jung SW. A modified model of the just noticeable depth difference and its application to depth sensation enhancement. IEEE Trans Image Process 2013; 22:3892-3903. [PMID: 23686954 DOI: 10.1109/tip.2013.2263150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The just noticeable depth difference (JNDD) describes the threshold of human perception of the difference in the depth. In flat-panel-based three-dimensional (3-D) displays, the JNDD is typically measured by changing the depth difference between displayed image objects until the difference is perceivable. However, not only the depth, but also the perceived size changes when the depth difference increases. In this paper, we present a modified JNDD measurement method that adjusts the physical size of the object such that the perceived size of the object is maintained. We then apply the proposed JNDD measurement method to depth sensation enhancement. When the depth value difference between the objects is increased to enable the viewer to perceive the depth difference, the size of the objects is adjusted to maintain the perceived size of the objects. In addition, since the size change of the objects can produce a whole region, a depth-adaptive hole-inpainting technique is proposed to compensate for the hole region with high accuracy. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Won Jung
- Advanced Media Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Yongin-si, South Korea.
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Kim EH, Park BH, Lim JW, Jung SW. Late diagnosis of Henoch-Schönlein purpura following detection of jejunal ischemia on conventional endoscopy. Endoscopy 2013; 44 Suppl 2 UCTN:E393-4. [PMID: 23139038 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1310247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
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Kim YJ, Jung SW, Kim Y, Park YJ, Han K, Oh EJ. Detection of anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies in neuromyelitis optica: comparison of tissue-based and cell-based indirect immunofluorescence assays and ELISA. J Clin Lab Anal 2012; 26:184-9. [PMID: 22628234 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
NMO-IgG against aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is a specific marker for neuromyelitis optica (NMO). We evaluated the performance of different NMO-IgG detecting methods. In 124 sera (from 54 with NMO spectrum disorders including nine with NMO, ten with multiple sclerosis including two with OSMS, and 60 with other neurological diseases), NMO-IgG was measured with tissue-based indirect immunofluorescence (IIF-tissue) using mouse cerebellum, cell-based IIF (IIF-AQP4) using transfected HEK293 cells which express human AQP4, and AQP4 autoantibody detecting enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA-AQP4). The sensitivities and specificities of three assays were 44.4-55.6% and 87.0-92.2% for detecting NMO, and 11.1-20.4% and 95.7-97.1% for detecting NMO spectrum disorders. Although there was no significant difference, the patients with NMO or NMO spectrum disorders showed higher rates of seropositivity in the ELISA-AQP4 vs. IIF assays. Out of the 19 sera with NMO-IgG, in at least one test, only six (31.6%) were found to be positive by all three assays. Among the three methods, the ranges of co-negativities, co-positivities, and agreement were 77.4-97.4%, 42.9-75.0%, and 91.1-95.2% (kappa 0.475-0.641), respectively. In patients who had positive ELISA-AQP4 results, IIF-AQP4 positivity was associated with NMO (P = 0.01). In summary, we observed an increased prevalence of NMO-IgG in patients with NMO and NMO spectrum disorders. ELISA-AQP4 may be more sensitive and specific when confirmed by IIF-AQP4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Joo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Kim EJ, Kim KH, Jung SW, Chung KY, Lee SJ. Selection of Beef Quality Factors Represented by Time-Temperature Integrator (TTI). Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2012. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2012.32.5.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Shin JW, Jung SW, Park BR, Kim CJ, Eum JB, Kim BG, Jeong ID, Bang SJ, Lee SH, Kim SR, Park NH. Prediction of response to entecavir therapy in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B based on on-treatment HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels. J Viral Hepat 2012. [PMID: 22967104 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2012.01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) assays are emerging as effective tools of on-treatment predictors of response to antiviral agents, in addition to monitoring serum HBV DNA levels. However, the dynamic relationship between quantitative HBsAg, as well as HBeAg and HBV DNA, and the predictability of subsequent clinical outcomes during entecavir (ETV) therapy remain unclear. Eighty-two patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) received ETV therapy for ≥3 years. Virologic response (VR) after 3 years of ETV therapy was achieved in 73 (89.0%) patients. Among baseline and on-treatment factors, on-treatment HBV DNA levels performed better with respect to the prediction of response than HBsAg and HBeAg levels. Especially, the performance of absolute values of HBV DNA with respect to response was superior to HBV DNA decline from the baseline. The best predictive value was an absolute HBV DNA level of 2.3 log(10) IU/mL at month 6 (areas under the curve [AUROC], 0.977; 95% CI, 0.940-1.000; P < 0.001). HBeAg seroconversion after 3 years of therapy was achieved in 26 (31.7%) patients. On-treatment HBeAg levels performed better with respect to the prediction of seroconversion than HBsAg and HBV DNA levels. The best cut-off value for the HBeAg level at month 12 for the prediction of seroconversion was 0.62 log(10) PEIU/mL. Although the HBsAg level at baseline is often used to predict the antiviral potency of entecavir, on-treatment HBV DNA and HBeAg levels are more helpful for prediction of subsequent clinical outcomes in HBeAg-positive CHB patients with entecavir treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
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Shin JW, Jung SW, Park BR, Kim CJ, Eum JB, Kim BG, Jeong ID, Bang SJ, Lee SH, Kim SR, Park NH. Prediction of response to entecavir therapy in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B based on on-treatment HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels. J Viral Hepat 2012; 19:724-31. [PMID: 22967104 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2012.01599.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) assays are emerging as effective tools of on-treatment predictors of response to antiviral agents, in addition to monitoring serum HBV DNA levels. However, the dynamic relationship between quantitative HBsAg, as well as HBeAg and HBV DNA, and the predictability of subsequent clinical outcomes during entecavir (ETV) therapy remain unclear. Eighty-two patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) received ETV therapy for ≥3 years. Virologic response (VR) after 3 years of ETV therapy was achieved in 73 (89.0%) patients. Among baseline and on-treatment factors, on-treatment HBV DNA levels performed better with respect to the prediction of response than HBsAg and HBeAg levels. Especially, the performance of absolute values of HBV DNA with respect to response was superior to HBV DNA decline from the baseline. The best predictive value was an absolute HBV DNA level of 2.3 log(10) IU/mL at month 6 (areas under the curve [AUROC], 0.977; 95% CI, 0.940-1.000; P < 0.001). HBeAg seroconversion after 3 years of therapy was achieved in 26 (31.7%) patients. On-treatment HBeAg levels performed better with respect to the prediction of seroconversion than HBsAg and HBV DNA levels. The best cut-off value for the HBeAg level at month 12 for the prediction of seroconversion was 0.62 log(10) PEIU/mL. Although the HBsAg level at baseline is often used to predict the antiviral potency of entecavir, on-treatment HBV DNA and HBeAg levels are more helpful for prediction of subsequent clinical outcomes in HBeAg-positive CHB patients with entecavir treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
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Sohn W, Lee OY, Kwon JG, Park KS, Lim YJ, Kim TH, Jung SW, Kim JI. Tianeptine vs amitriptyline for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea: a multicenter, open-label, non-inferiority, randomized controlled study. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012; 24:860-e398. [PMID: 22679908 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2012.01945.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tricyclic antidepressants have good efficacy in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D), but their clinical use is limited by considerations of tolerability. Tianeptine, another antidepressant, acts as a selective serotonin reuptake enhancer. We compared tianeptine with amitriptyline for the treatment of patients with IBS-D. METHODS We undertook a multicenter, randomized, open-label, non-inferiority clinical study that compared tianeptine with amitriptyline, each in combination with probiotics, for the treatment of IBS-D. Subjects were randomized to receive tianeptine (37.5 mg)/probiotics (Bacillus subtilis + Streptococcus faecium) or amitriptyline (10 mg)/probiotics (Bacillus subtilis + Streptococcus faecium) for 4 weeks. A total of 228 patients were analyzed by the intention-to-treat approach. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients who had global relief of IBS symptoms at week 4. The secondary efficacy endpoints were intensity of abdominal pain/discomfort, stool frequency/consistency, quality of life, and overall satisfaction with treatment. KEY RESULTS At week 4, non-inferiority of the tianeptine group to the amitriptyline group (treatment difference -15.1%; 95% CI -26.6% to -3.8%) was shown, with 81.1% (99 of 122 patients) of the patients in the tianeptine group and 66.0% (70 of 106 patients) in the amitriptyline group reporting global relief of IBS symptoms. The secondary endpoints also demonstrated non-inferiority of the tianeptine group to the amitriptyline group. Adverse events such as dry mouth and constipation were significantly lower in the tianeptine group than the amitriptyline group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Tianeptine is not inferior to amitriptyline for treating IBS-D in terms of both efficacy and tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Sohn
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hanyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim YA, Jung SW, Park HR, Chung KY, Lee SJ. Application of a Prototype of Microbial Time Temperature Indicator (TTI) to the Prediction of Ground Beef Qualities during Storage. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2012. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2012.32.4.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Abstract
In this paper, we present a novel depth sensation enhancement algorithm considering the behavior of human visual system (HVS) toward stereoscopic image displays. On the basis of the recent studies on the just noticeable depth difference (JNDD), which represents a threshold that a human can perceive the depth difference between objects, we modify the depth image such that neighboring objects in the depth image can have a depth value difference of at least the JNDD. This modification is modeled via an energy minimization framework using three energy terms defined as depth data preservation, depth-order preservation, and depth difference expansion. The depth data term enforces minimal changes in the depth image with an additional weighting function that controls the direction of depth changes. The depth-order term restricts the inversion of the local and global depth orders among objects, and the JNDD term leads to an increase in the depth differences between segments. Throughout subjective quality evaluation on a stereoscopic image display, it is demonstrated that the human depth sensation is effectively improved by the proposed algorithm.
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Hwang S, Ahn CS, Kim KH, Moon DB, Ha TY, Song GW, Jung DH, Park GC, Namgoong JM, Yoon SY, Jung SW, Lee SG. Standardization of modified right lobe grafts to minimize vascular outflow complications for adult living donor liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:457-9. [PMID: 22410043 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After >2000 adult living donor liver transplants (LDLTs), we observed minimization of the complication rate using case-by-case modification of venous outflow reconstruction in right liver graft (RLG), standardization seeking intend to provide a hemodynamic- based, regeneration-compliant hepatic outflow reconstruction. METHODS We retrospectively examined 100 consecutive adult LDLT using modified RLG before and after application of RLG standardization to compare the 6-month incidences of vascular outflow complications. RESULT The right hepatic vein stenting rate for first 6 months was 5% in the customized group and 1% in the standardized group (P=.212). The middle hepatic vein stenting rate for first 6 months was 9% in the customized group and 4% in the standardized group (P=.373). The inferior right hepatic vein stenting rate for first 6 months was 12.8% in the customized group and 7.1% in the standardized group (P=.472). The overall 6-month patient survival rate was 94% in the customized group and 95% in the standardized group (P=.867). The overall incidence of significant RLG venous outflow complications was 19% in the customized group and 8% in the standardized group (P=.023). CONCLUSION Standardization as a universal graft model seemed to be more effective and feasible than conventional graft customization requiring individualized case-by-case modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hwang
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Jung SW, Jeong JY, Ko SJ. Sharpness enhancement of stereo images using binocular just-noticeable difference. IEEE Trans Image Process 2012; 21:1191-1199. [PMID: 21908253 DOI: 10.1109/tip.2011.2167346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new sharpness enhancement algorithm for stereo images. Although the stereo image and its applications are becoming increasingly prevalent, there has been very limited research on specialized image enhancement solutions for stereo images. Recently, a binocular just-noticeable-difference (BJND) model that describes the sensitivity of the human visual system to luminance changes in stereo images has been presented. We introduce a novel application of the BJND model for the sharpness enhancement of stereo images. To this end, an overenhancement problem in the sharpness enhancement of stereo images is newly addressed, and an efficient solution for reducing the overenhancement is proposed. The solution is found within an optimization framework with additional constraint terms to suppress the unnecessary increase in luminance values. In addition, the reliability of the BJND model is taken into account by estimating the accuracy of stereo matching. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can provide sharpness-enhanced stereo images without producing excessive distortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Won Jung
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Noh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Jung SW, Lee SY, Jekarl DW, Kim M, Lim J, Kim Y, Han K, Kim YJ, Cho SG, Song J. Cytogenetic characteristics and prognosis analysis in 231 myelodysplastic syndrome patients from a single institution. Leuk Res 2011; 35:735-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2010.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Jung WW, Kim SC, Jung SW, Moon IY, Kumar K, Lee YW, Kim SY, Ju MK, Han SK, Yi J. Optimization of selective emitter fabrication method for solar cells using a laser grooving. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:4373-4377. [PMID: 21780460 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.3711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, screen-printing laser grooved buried contact (LGBC) method was applied, which is compatible with the existing screen-printed solar cell equipment and facilities. Experiments were performed in order to optimize short circuit current (I(sc)), open circuit voltage (V(oc)) and fill factor of high efficiency solar cells. To enhance I(sc), V(oc) and efficiency, heavy doping was performed at low sheet resistance in the laser grooved region of the cell. In contrast, light doping was carried out at a high sheet resistance in the non-laser grooved region. To increase fill factor, porous silicon found on the wafer after dipping in an HF solution to remove SiN(x), was cleared. The fabricated screen-printing LGBC solar cell using a 125 mm x 125 mm single crystalline silicon wafer exhibited an efficiency of 17.2%. The results show that screen-printing LGBC method can be applied for high efficiency solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Jung
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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Park DH, Lee SS, Moon SH, Choi SY, Jung SW, Seo DW, Lee SK, Kim MH. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided versus conventional transmural drainage for pancreatic pseudocysts: a prospective randomized trial. Endoscopy 2009; 41:842-8. [PMID: 19798610 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1215133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided transmural drainage (EUD) is preferred over conventional transmural drainage (CTD) of pancreatic pseudocysts by endoscopy in many centers, its superiority with respect to technical success and clinical outcome has not yet been demonstrated in a prospective randomized trial. We conducted this prospective randomized trial to compare the technical success and clinical outcomes of EUD and CTD in treating pancreatic pseudocysts. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 60 consecutive patients with pancreatic pseudocysts were randomly divided into two groups to undergo either EUD (n = 31) or CTD (n = 29) of pancreatic pseudocysts. The technical success rate, complications, and short-term and long-term results were prospectively evaluated. RESULTS The rate of technical success of the drainage was higher for EUD (94 %, 29/31) than for CTD (72 %, 21/29; P = 0.039) in intention-to-treat analysis. In cases where CTD failed (n = 8), because the pseudocysts were nonbulging, a crossover was made to EUD, which was successfully performed in all these patients. Complications occurred in 7 % of the EUD and 10 % of the CTD group ( P = 0.67). During short-term follow-up, pseudocyst resolution was achieved in 97 % (28/29) in the EUD group and in 91 % (19/21) in the CTD group ( P = 0.565). Long-term results analyzed on a per-protocol basis showed no significant difference in clinical outcomes between EUD (89 %, 33/37) and CTD (86 %, 18/21, P = 0.696). CONCLUSIONS We found that EUD and CTD can both be considered first-line methods of endoscopic transmural drainage of bulging pseudocysts, whereas EUD should be preferred for nonbulging pseudocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, 138-736, Seoul, South Korea
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Lee EJ, Joo KR, Cha JM, Shin HP, Jung SW, Lee JI, Kim GY. Intra-ampullary protruding mass: unusual presentation of mucinous carcinoma of the pancreas. Endoscopy 2009; 41 Suppl 2:E74-5. [PMID: 19370519 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1119731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E J Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University East-West Neo Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Jung SW, Lee SW, Hyun JJ, Kim DI, Koo JS, Yim HJ, Park JJ, Lee HS, Chun HJ, Um SH, Choi JH, Kim CD, Ryu HS. Efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in chronic liver disease. Dig Liver Dis 2009; 41:134-40. [PMID: 18436489 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2008.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2007] [Revised: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Peptic ulcers occur more commonly in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). Helicobacter pylori is recognized as the most important etiology in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers. We investigated the efficacy of proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-based triple therapy in patients with chronic liver disease and peptic ulcer. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred sixty-three patients with LC or chronic hepatitis (CH) with a peptic ulcer and proven H. pylori infection were included. The combination of PPI, amoxicillin (1.0 g), and clarithromycin (500 mg), each given twice daily, was administered for 1 or 2 weeks. The eradication of H. pylori was determined by the rapid urease test, histology, or the 13C-urea breath test at least 4 weeks after completing the treatment. RESULTS The eradication rate of H. pylori was similar between the LC and CH groups; 82.6% and 88.1%, respectively. In addition, there were no significant differences in eradication rates between the patients with Child-Pugh class A and Child-Pugh class B/C disease. The side effects in each group were generally mild. Only the serum ALT levels showed a significant correlation with the success of H. pylori eradication in both the LC and CH groups. CONCLUSION The PPI-based triple therapy achieves high eradication rates for H. pylori infection, in patients with chronic liver disease, without significant side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Jung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, 516 Gojan-dong, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 425-707, South Korea
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Kim JH, Lee NY, Jung SW, Park CK. Expression of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 1 in rats with chronic ocular hypertension. Neuroscience 2007; 149:908-16. [PMID: 17942238 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2007] [Revised: 07/13/2007] [Accepted: 08/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High levels of glutamate can be toxic to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). This study investigated the relationship between the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 1 (NR) and RGC death in a rat model of chronic ocular hypertension (COHT). COHT was induced in one eye of each rat by episcleral vein cauterization. Retinal protein expression was evaluated at 1, 3, 5 and 9 weeks after cauterization. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis showed that NR1 expression was significantly increased in cauterized retinae. NR1 immunoreactivity was observed in the inner nuclear layer (INL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) in the retina of rats with COHT. RGC density was evaluated after retrograde labeling with fluoro-gold (FG) and 4-di-10-ASP (DiA). A significant decrease in RGC density was observed in ocular hypertensive eyes, and NR1 expression in the GCL suggested an important role of NR1 in the death of RGCs. Memantine (10 mg/kg), an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, was administered orally once daily for up to 5 weeks, while rats in the control group received vehicle phosphate-buffered saline only. Treatment with memantine resulted in a significant reduction in RGC loss and NR1 expression in the eyes of rats COHT. These findings suggest that excessive expression of NR1 is involved in RGC death in glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-dong, Socho-ku, Seoul 137-701, Korea
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Lee HS, Bhang HC, Choi JH, Dao H, Hahn IS, Hwang MJ, Jung SW, Kang WG, Kim DW, Kim HJ, Kim SC, Kim SK, Kim YD, Kwak JW, Kwon YJ, Lee J, Lee JH, Lee JI, Lee MJ, Lee SJ, Li J, Li X, Li YJ, Myung SS, Ryu S, So JH, Yue Q, Zhu JJ. Limits on interactions between weakly interacting massive particles and nucleons obtained with CsI(Tl) crystal detectors. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:091301. [PMID: 17930998 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.091301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The Korea Invisible Mass Search (KIMS) experiment presents new limits on the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-nucleon cross section using data from an exposure of 3409 kg.d taken with low-background CsI(Tl) crystals at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory. The most stringent limit on the spin-dependent interaction for a pure proton case is obtained. The DAMA signal region for both spin-independent and spin-dependent interactions for the WIMP masses greater than 20 GeV/c2 is excluded by the single experiment with crystal scintillators.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Lee
- DMRC and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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