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Karadağ A, Biltekin SN, Ghani U, Demirci B, Demirci F. Enzyme-Based Antiviral Potential of Cinnamomum verum J. Presl. Essential Oil and Its Major Component ( E)-Cinnamaldehyde. ACS Omega 2024; 9:14118-14122. [PMID: 38559956 PMCID: PMC10975636 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, Cinnamomum verum J. Presl. bark essential oil and its main component cinnamaldehyde was evaluated in vitro for neuraminidase (NA), transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2), and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) inhibitory activities. The chemical composition of C. verum essential oil was confirmed by both gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID), where 75.9% (E)-cinnamaldehyde was the major component. The ACE2, NA, and TMPRSS2 enzyme inhibitions of C. verum bark essential oil at 20 μg/mL concentration, and (E)-cinnamaldehyde (5 μg/mL) were calculated and compared in the range of 54.2-89.9%. Molecular docking results supported that (E)-cinnam-aldehyde was specific to ACE2 with 89.9% inhibition. Our findings suggest further in vivo studies to confirm the effective and safe use of the essential oil as well as the (E)-cinnamaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe
Esra Karadağ
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul
Medipol University, 34810 Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810 Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Usman Ghani
- Department
of Pathology, Clinical Biochemistry Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Betül Demirci
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu
University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Demirci
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu
University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Mersin 10, 99450 Famagusta, North Cyprus, Türkiye
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2
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Arpa MD, Kesmen EE, Biltekin SN. Novel Sprayable Thermosensitive Benzydamine Hydrogels for Topical Application: Development, Characterization, and In Vitro Biological Activities. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:214. [PMID: 37848623 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02674-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzydamine hydrochloride (BZD) having analgesic, anesthetic, and anti-inflammatory effects is used orally or topically in the treatment of disorders such as joint inflammation and muscle pain. Within the scope of this study, sprayable thermosensitive BZD hydrogels were developed using thermoresponsive poloxamers to avoid systemic side effects and to provide better compliance for topical administration. Also, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) was employed to improve the mechanical strength and bioadhesive properties of the hydrogel. The addition of BZD generally decreased the viscosity of the formulations (p < 0.05), while increasing the gelation temperature (p < 0.05). The formulations that did not have any clogs or leaks in the nozzle of the bottle during the spraying process were considered lead formulations. To spray the formulations easily, it was found that the viscosity at RT should be less than 200 mPa·s, and their gelation temperature should be between 26 and 34°C. Increasing HPMC and poloxamer improved bioadhesion. The amount of HPMC and poloxamers did not cause a significant change in the release characteristics of the formulations (p > 0.05); the release profiles of BZD from the formulations were similar according to model-independent kinetic (f2 > 50). HPMC and poloxamers had important roles in the accumulation of BZD in the skin. In vitro biological activity studies demonstrated that the formulations presented their anti-inflammatory activity with TNF-α inhibition but did not have any effect on the inhibition of COX enzymes as expected. As a result, thermosensitive hydrogels containing BZD might be an appropriate alternative, providing an advantage in terms of easier application compared to conventional gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Davut Arpa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, 34815, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ebrar Elif Kesmen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, 34815, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, 34815, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Graduated Studies in Science, Istanbul University, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey
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Karadağ AE, Biltekin SN, Demirci B, Demirci F, Ghani U. Comparative In Vitro and In Silico Enzyme Inhibitory Screening of Rosa x damascena and Pelargonium graveolens Essential Oils and Geraniol. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3296. [PMID: 37765459 PMCID: PMC10537268 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The present work aims to evaluate Rosa x damascena Herrm. and Pelargonium graveolens L'Hér. essential oils, and the major constituent geraniol for their in vitro and in silico inhibitory activities against 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), cyclooxygenase (COX), acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), butyryl cholinesterase (BuChE), and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE2) enzymes. Geraniol most potently inhibited the ACE2 relative to other enzymes. R. damascena essential oil moderately inhibited the cancer cell lines with no toxic effects on healthy HEK 293 cells. P. graveolens essential oil inhibited a number of cancer cell lines including A549, MCF7, PC3, and HEK 293 that are reported here for the first time. The molecular docking of geraniol with the target enzymes revealed that it binds to the active sites similar to that of known drugs. Geraniol carries the potential for further drug development due to its drug-like binding mode for the target enzymes. Our work confirms that these essential oils possess similar biological activities due to their similar phytochemistry in terms of the major constituents of the plants. The promising biological activities reported in this work further warrant the inclusion of in vivo studies to establish safe use of the target essential oils and their constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Esra Karadağ
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, 34815 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, 34815 Istanbul, Türkiye;
| | - Betül Demirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye; (B.D.); (F.D.)
| | - Fatih Demirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye; (B.D.); (F.D.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus, 99450 Famagusta, Türkiye
| | - Usman Ghani
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
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Coşkun GP, Sahin Z, Erdoğan Ö, Çevik Ö, Biltekin SN, Yurttas L, Berk B, Ülgen M, Demirayak Ş. Discovery of novel potent human chondrosarcoma (SW1353) inhibitors: 4-(2/3/4-pyridyl)thiazole 2-acetamide derivatives. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Başer KHC, Karadağ AE, Biltekin SN, Ertürk M, Demirci F. In Vitro Antiviral Evaluations of Coldmix ®: An Essential Oil Blend against SARS-CoV-2. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:677-684. [PMID: 36661531 PMCID: PMC9857070 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Coldmix® is a commercially available Eucalyptus aetheroleum and, Abies aetheroleum blend for medicinal applications. In this present study, the in vitro antiviral potential of Coldmix®, and its major constituents 1,8-cineole and α-pinene were evaluated by using the in vitro ACE2 enzyme inhibition assay as well as the direct contact test against SARS-CoV-2. The observed ACE2 enzyme inhibitory activity of Coldmix®, 1,8-cineole, and α-pinene were 72%, 88%, and 80%, respectively; whereas in the direct contact test in the vapor phase, the destruction of the virus was 79.9% within 5 min and 93.2% in the 30th min, respectively. In a similar Coldmix® vapor phase setup using the in vitro cytotoxicity cell assay, E6 VERO healthy cells were experimentally not affected by toxicity. According to the promising initial antiviral results of Coldmix® and the individually tested constituents, detailed further in vivo evaluation using different virus classes is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Hüsnü Can Başer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, N. Cyprus, Mersin 10, 99138 Nicosia, Türkiye
- Badebio Biotechnology Ltd., ATAP, Anadolu University, Tepebaşı, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Ayşe Esra Karadağ
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810 Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810 Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Murat Ertürk
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School of Yüksek İhtisas University, 06520 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Demirci
- Badebio Biotechnology Ltd., ATAP, Anadolu University, Tepebaşı, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Türkiye
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, N. Cyprus, Mersin 10, 99628 Famagusta, Türkiye
- Correspondence:
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Demirci F, Teralı K, Karadağ AE, Biltekin SN, Ak Sakallı E, Demirci B, Koşar M, Başer KHC. In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of ACE2 and LOX Inhibitory Activity of Origanum Essential Oils and Carvacrol. Planta Med 2022. [PMID: 35439836 DOI: 10.1055/a-1828-2479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Origanum spp. are used both for culinary purposes and for their biological activities. In this study, commercial Origanum majorana, Origanum minutiflorum, Origanum vulgare, and Origanum onites essential oils and their prominent constituent carvacrol were evaluated for their in vitro and in silico angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and lipoxygenase enzyme inhibitory potentials. The essential oils were analysed by gas chromatography-flame ionisation detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, where carvacrol was identified as the major component (62 - 81%), confirming the quality. In vitro enzyme inhibition assays were conducted both with the essential oils (20 µg/mL) and with carvacrol (5 µg/mL). The comparative values of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 percent inhibition for O. majorana, O. minutiflorum, O. vulgare, and O. onites essential oils were determined as 85.5, 79.1, 74.3, and 42.8%, respectively. As a result of the enzyme assays, carvacrol showed 90.7% in vitro angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitory activity. The in vitro lipoxygenase inhibition of the essential oils (in the same order) was 89.4, 78.9, 81.1, and 73.5%, respectively, where carvacrol showed 74.8% inhibition. In addition, protein-ligand docking and interaction profiling was used to gain structural and mechanistic insights into the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and lipoxygenase inhibitory potentials of major Origanum essential oil constituents. The in silico findings agreed with the significant enzyme inhibition activity observed in vitro. Further in vivo studies are suggested to confirm the safety and efficacy of the oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Demirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, N. Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Kerem Teralı
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Girne American University, Kyrenia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Esra Karadağ
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
- Institute of Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Ak Sakallı
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, N. Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Betül Demirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Müberra Koşar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, N. Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - K Hüsnü Can Başer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, N. Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
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Sahin Z, Biltekin SN, Yurttaş L, Berk B, Küçükkılınç TT, Demirayak Ş. Novel benzofurane carbonyl analogs of donepezil as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Ak Sakallı E, Teralı K, Karadağ AE, Biltekin SN, Koşar M, Demirci B, Hüsnü Can Başer K, Demirci F. In vitro and in silico Evaluation of ACE2 and LOX Inhibitory Activity of Eucalyptus Essential Oils, 1,8-Cineole, and Citronellal. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221109409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Eucalyptus essential oils are well-known and used especially in upper respiratory tract pathologies or diseases as herbal drug preparations. In the present study, the in vitro angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme inhibitory potentials of commercial Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. essential oils were evaluated for their potential anti-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, the major components, 1,8-cineole and citronellal, were evaluated for their ability to bind at the active site of either human ACE2 or human 5-LOX using an in silico setting. Before activity evaluation, Eucalyptus globulus and E citriodora essential oils were analysed by GC/FID and GC/MS, where 1,8-cineole (30%), and citronellal (80%) were identified as the major components, respectively. The in vitro ACE2 inhibition was calculated as 94.9% for E globulus, and that of E citriodora essential oil as 83.4%. In vitro LOX inhibition experiments for essential oils in the same order showed inhibitions of 71.3 and 91.4%, respectively, at 20 µg/mL test concentrations in microplate-based fluorometric assays. In addition, protein–ligand docking, and interaction profiling was used to gain structural and mechanistic insights into the in silico ACE2 and LOX inhibitory potentials of the major Eucalyptus essential oil constituents, 1,8-cineole as well as citronellal. The resulting data supported the in vitro findings; however, further in vivo studies are needed to confirm the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Ak Sakallı
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Mersin, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Kerem Teralı
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Girne American University, Kyrenia, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Esra Karadağ
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
- Institute of Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Müberra Koşar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Betül Demirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - K. Hüsnü Can Başer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Fatih Demirci
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Mersin, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Ertaş M, Biltekin SN, Berk B, Yurttaş L, Demirayak Ş. Synthesis of some 5,6-diaryl-1,2,4-triazine derivatives and investigation of their cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitory activity. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2022.2062756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Ertaş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Barkın Berk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Leyla Yurttaş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Şeref Demirayak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sahin Z, Biltekin SN, Ozansoy M, Hemiş B, Ozansoy MB, Yurttaş L, Berk B, Demirayak Ş. Synthesis and
in vitro
Antitumor Activities of Novel Thioamide Substituted Piperazinyl‐1,2,
4‐Triazines. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Sahin
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Istanbul Turkey
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Istanbul Turkey
- Institute of Science Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozansoy
- Bahçeşehir University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology Istanbul Turkey
| | - Bervis Hemiş
- Bahçeşehir University, School of Medicine Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Leyla Yurttaş
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Eskisehir Turkey
| | - Barkin Berk
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Istanbul Turkey
| | - Şeref Demirayak
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Istanbul Turkey
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11
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Sahin Z, Özhan Y, Sipahi H, Biltekin SN, Yurttaş L, Berk B, Demirayak Ş. Novel benzofurane-pyrazole derivatives with anti-inflammatory, cyclooxygenase inhibitory and cytotoxicity evaluation. Z NATURFORSCH C 2022; 77:279-285. [PMID: 34902233 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2021-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Novel benzofurane-pyrazolone hybrids have been synthesized for evaluating their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties. 4-(2-chloroacetyl)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one were reacted with α-hydroxy aldehyde or α-hydroxy ketone derivatives to obtain nine novel pyrazolone derivatives. Structures were successfully elucidated by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and HRMS. Enzyme inhibitory activity was measured on cyclooxygenases (COXs) as considered to address anti-inflammatory activity. Compound 2 showed the highest activity on both COX-1 and COX-2 subtypes with 12.0 μM and 8.0 μM IC50, respectively. This activity was found close to indomethacin COX-2 inhibition measured as 7.4 μM IC50. Rest of the compounds (1, 3-9) showed 10.4-28.1 μM IC50 on COX-2 and 17.0-35.6 μM IC50 on COX-1 (Compound 1 has no activity on COX-1). Tested compounds (1-9) showed activity on NO production. Only compound was the 4, which showed a low inhibition on IL-6 levels. Cell viability was up to 60% at 100 μM for all compounds (1-9) on RAW 264.7 and NIH3T3 cell lines, thus compounds were reported to be noncytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Sahin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yağmur Özhan
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Sipahi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Institute of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Leyla Yurttaş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Barkin Berk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şeref Demirayak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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12
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Demirci F, Karadağ AE, Biltekin SN, Demirci B. In Vitro ACE2 and 5-LOX Enzyme Inhibition by Menthol and Three Different Mint Essential Oils. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211055014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mentha arvensis L., M. citrata L., and M. spicata L. (family Lamiaceae) essential oils, and their characteristic constituent, menthol, were evaluated in vitro for angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) enzyme inhibitory activity. The chemical compositions of M. arvensis, M. citrata, and M. spicata essential oils were analysed both by GC-FID, and GC/MS; 82.0%, 38.1%, and 0.4% menthol were identified, respectively. M. spicata essential oil contained 88.2% carvone as its major component. The enzyme inhibitory activities of the essential oils were evaluated using a fluorometric multiplate based enzyme inhibition kit; the ACE2 inhibitions produced by M. arvensis, M. citrata, and M. spicata essential oils were 33%, 22%, and 73%, while the 5-LOX inhibitions were 84%, 79%, and 70%, respectively. In addition, menthol also showed remarkable ACE2 inhibition of 99.8%, whereas the 5-LOX inhibition was 79.9%. As a result, menthol and the three different mint essential oils may have antiviral potential applications against coronaviruses due to their ACE2 enzyme inhibition and anti-inflammatory features. However, further in vivo studies are needed to confirm the safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Demirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, N. Cyprus, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Esra Karadağ
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
- Institute of Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betül Demirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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13
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Sahin Z, Biltekin SN, Yurttas L, Berk B, Özhan Y, Sipahi H, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA, Demirayak Ş. Novel cyanothiouracil and cyanothiocytosine derivatives as concentration-dependent selective inhibitors of U87MG glioblastomas: Adenosine receptor binding and potent PDE4 inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 212:113125. [PMID: 33422981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Thiouracil and thiocytosine are important heterocyclic pharmacophores having pharmacological diversity. Antitumor and antiviral activity is commonly associated with thiouracil and thiocytosine derivatives, which are well known fragments for adenosine receptor affinity with many associated pharmacological properties. In this respect, 33 novel compounds have been synthesized in two groups: 24 thiouracil derivatives (4a-x) and 9 thiocytosine derivatives (5a-i). Antitumor activity of all the compounds was determined in the U87 MG glioblastoma cell line. Compound 5e showed an anti-proliferative IC50 of 1.56 μM, which is slightly higher activity than cisplatin (1.67 μM). The 11 most active compounds showed no signficant binding to adenosine A1, A2A or A2B receptors at 1 μM. Brain tumors express high amounts of phosphodiesterases. Compounds were tested for PDE4 inhibition, and 5e and 5f showed the best potency (5e: 3.42 μM; 5f: 0.97 μM). Remakably, those compounds were also the most active against U87MG. However, the compounds lacked a cytotoxic effect on the HEK293 healthy cell line, which encourages further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Sahin
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Leyla Yurttas
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Barkin Berk
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yağmur Özhan
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Sipahi
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810, USA
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810, USA
| | - Şeref Demirayak
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sahin Z, Biltekin SN, Bülbül EF, Yurttas L, Berk B, Demirayak Ş. Design and synthesis of new donepezil analogs derived from arylpiperazine scaffold as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2020.1830773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Sahin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emre Fatih Bülbül
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Leyla Yurttas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Barkin Berk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şeref Demirayak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sahin Z, Ertas M, Berk B, Biltekin SN, Yurttas L, Demirayak S. Studies on non-steroidal inhibitors of aromatase enzyme; 4-(aryl/heteroaryl)-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)thiazole derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Berk B, Tahirovic YA, Bülbül EF, Biltekin SN. The synthesis, antimicrobial activity studies, and molecular property predictions of novel benzothiazole-2-thione derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.23893/1307-2080.aps.05516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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