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Kohzadi S, Marzban N, Zandsalimi Y, Godini K, Amini N, Harikaranahalli Puttaiah S, Lee SM, Zandi S, Ebrahimi R, Maleki A. Machine learning-based modeling of malachite green adsorption on hydrochar derived from hydrothermal fulvification of wheat straw. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21258. [PMID: 37928034 PMCID: PMC10623280 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the efficiency of hydrochar derived from hydrothermal fulvification of wheat straw in adsorbing malachite green (MG) dye. The characterizations of the hydrochar samples were determined using various analytical techniques like SEM, EDX, FTIR, X-ray spectroscopy, BET surface area analysis, ICP-OES for the determination of inorganic elements, elemental analysis through ultimate analysis, and HPLC for the content of sugars, organic acids, and aromatics. Adsorption experiments demonstrated that hydrochar exhibited superior removal efficiency compared to feedstock. The removal efficiency of 91 % was obtained when a hydrochar dosage of 2 g L-1 was used for 20 mg L-1 of dye concentration in a period of 90 min. The results showed that the study data followed the Freundlich isotherms as well as the pseudo-second order kinetic model. Moreover, the determined activation energy of 7.9 kJ mol-1 indicated that the MG adsorption was a physical and endothermic process that increased at elevated temperatures. The study also employed an artificial neural network (ANN), a machine learning approach that achieved remarkable R2 (0.98 and 0.99) for training and validation dataset, indicating high accuracy in simulating MG adsorption by hydrochar. The model's sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the adsorbent dosage exerted the most substantial influence on the adsorption process, with MG concentration, pH, and time following in decreasing order of impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Kohzadi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Nader Marzban
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Bornim, Germany
| | - Yahya Zandsalimi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kazem Godini
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Nader Amini
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Shivaraju Harikaranahalli Puttaiah
- Department of Water and Health, Faculty of Life Sciences, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Seung-Mok Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Catholic Kwandong University, Ganeung, 25601, South Korea
| | - Shiva Zandi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Roya Ebrahimi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Afshin Maleki
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Kohzadi S, Shahmoradi B, Ghaderi E, Loqmani H, Maleki A. Concentration, Source, and Potential Human Health Risk of Heavy Metals in the Commonly Consumed Medicinal Plants. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:41-50. [PMID: 29700699 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A trend toward the use of traditional and herbal medicines has developed nowadays, and there is a growing concern regarding them being polluted with heavy metals. This study measured the heavy metal concentrations in eight different types of medicinal herbs and eight different types of herbal distillates sold in the markets in Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran. The concentration of some metals (Cd, Cu, Mn, Fe, Zn, Al, Co, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Mg) was quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the associated health risk for adults and children was estimated. The mean concentration of all the metals was within the permissible limits set by the WHO. The medicinal herbs contained significantly more Al, As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn (p < 0.02) than the herbal distillates. However, the concentrations of Cu and Hg were higher in the herbal distillates. The non-carcinogenic risks of consumption of traditional medicines in adults and children were assessed based on the target hazard quotients (THQs). The THQs for individual metals (except Al and Cr) from individual herbs were less than 1, which is considered as safe for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Kohzadi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Behzad Shahmoradi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Ghaderi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Hozan Loqmani
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Afshin Maleki
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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Shahmoradi B, Farahani F, Kohzadi S, Maleki A, Pordel M, Zandsalimi Y, Gong Y, Yang J, McKay G, Lee SM, Yang JK. Application of cadmium-doped ZnO for the solar photocatalytic degradation of phenol. Water Sci Technol 2019; 79:375-385. [PMID: 30865609 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, photocatalysis of phenol was studied using Cd-ZnO nanorods, which were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The Cd-ZnO photocatalyst was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. XRD patterns exhibit diffraction peaks indexed to the hexagonal wurtzite structures with the P63mc space group. SEM images showed that the average size of the Cd-ZnO nanorods was about 90 nm. Moreover, the nanorods were not agglomerated and were well-dispersed in the aqueous medium. FT-IR analysis confirmed that a surface modifier (n-butylamine) did not add any functional groups onto the Cd-ZnO nanorods. The dopant used in this study showed reduction of the bandgap energy between valence and conduction of the photocatalyst. In addition, effect of various operational parameters including type of photocatalyst, pH, initial concentration of phenol, amount of photocatalyst, and irradiation time on the photocatalytic degradation of phenol has been investigated. The highest phenol removal was achieved using 1% Cd-ZnO for 20 mg/l phenol at pH 7, 3 g/l photocatalyst, 120 min contact time, and 0.01 mole H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Shahmoradi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran E-mail:
| | - Farzaneh Farahani
- Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Alborz Branch, Alborz, Iran
| | - Shadi Kohzadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran E-mail:
| | - Afshin Maleki
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran E-mail:
| | - Mohammadamin Pordel
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran E-mail:
| | - Yahya Zandsalimi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran E-mail:
| | - Yuxuan Gong
- Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering, Alfred University, Alfred, NY, 14802, USA
| | - Jixiang Yang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Gordon McKay
- Division of Sustainability, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Seung-Mok Lee
- Department of Energy and Environment Convergence Technology, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 25601, Korea
| | - Jae-Kyu Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Korea
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Ghahramani E, Maleki A, Kohzadi S, Loqmani H, Noori Sephr M, Zarrabi M, Ramazan zadeh R. Microbial Pollution of Hand Washing Liquids in Kurdistan University Hospitals. Int J Enteric Pathog 2014. [DOI: 10.17795/ijep13927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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