1
|
Renaud C, Osborn A, Parmley EJ, F Hatchette T, LeBlanc J, Weese JS, Misra V, Yamamura D, Forgie S, Renwick S, Webster D, Mubareka S. Highly pathogenic avian influenza: Unprecedented outbreaks in Canadian wildlife and domestic poultry. J Assoc Med Microbiol Infect Dis Can 2023; 8:187-191. [PMID: 38058495 PMCID: PMC10697099 DOI: 10.3138/jammi-2023-05-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Canada experienced a wave of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in the spring of 2022 with millions of wild and farmed birds being infected. Seabird mortalities in Canada have been particularly severe on the Atlantic Coast over the summer of 2022. Over 7 million birds have been culled in Canada, and outbreaks continue to profoundly affect commercial bird farms across the world. This new H5N1 virus can and has infected multiple mammalian species, including skunks, foxes, bears, mink, seals, porpoises, sea lions, and dolphins. Viruses with mammalian adaptations such as the mutations PB2-E627K, E627V, and D701N were found in the brain of various carnivores in Europe and Canada. To date this specific clade of H5N1 virus has been identified in less than 10 humans. At the ground level, awareness should be raised among frontline practitioners most likely to encounter patients with HPAI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Renaud
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, & Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Todd F Hatchette
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Central Zone Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - J LeBlanc
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Central Zone Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Scott Weese
- Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vikram Misra
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Deborah Yamamura
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Forgie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Duncan Webster
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Samira Mubareka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Draycott T, Bond C, Renwick S. Understanding real-world maternity care using video techniques. BJOG 2019; 126:1024. [PMID: 30933400 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Draycott
- Department of Women's Health, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - C Bond
- Department of Women's Health, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - S Renwick
- Department of Women's Health, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Norris R, Renwick S, Siddle R, Westlake P. Leadership in 21st century military healthcare: what did clinical psychologists ever do for us? J ROY ARMY MED CORPS 2018; 165:74-79. [PMID: 30530788 DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2018-001075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Psychology is integral to the concepts and practice of leadership. Leadership models often have their roots in psychological paradigms, making it intrinsically easy for psychologists to grasp and apply them alongside clinical models. Psychologists' 'second-order' skills have been used to good effect in the changing landscape of military mental healthcare: modelling adaptive responses to change, understanding the non-conscious aspects of relationships in hierarchical organisations, working with systems, the ability to diagnose situational requirements and act accordingly, drawing on a range of psychological theories and leadership styles. The clinical psychologist as a professional who can help others 'reframe' a situation or experience is key to their leadership role within healthcare settings, 'enabling others to achieve shared purpose in the face of uncertainty'. The contribution that clinical psychology has made to leadership in Defence over the past 20 years will be illustrated by personal accounts from 'experts by experience'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Norris
- Defence Clinical Psychology Service, Ministry of Defence, Lichfield, UK
| | - S Renwick
- Defence Clinical Psychology Service, Ministry of Defence, Lichfield, UK
| | - R Siddle
- Defence Clinical Psychology Service, Ministry of Defence, Lichfield, UK
| | - P Westlake
- Defence Clinical Psychology Service, Ministry of Defence, Lichfield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hotton E, Renwick S, Barnard K, Lenguerrand E, Wade J, Crofts J, Blencowe N. #26 Exploring training, standardisation and monitoring of medical devices in assisted vaginal birth studies: protocol for a systematic review (poster presentation). Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
5
|
Peat R, Furlong J, Byrne T, Young R, Kangombe A, Elkin T, Renwick S, Russell D, Oelbaum S, Burhan H, Walker PP. P198 Anchoring copd screening to drug services in heroin and crack smokers to improve diagnosis. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
6
|
|
7
|
Vanderstichel R, Van der Linden I, Renwick S, Dubuc M. Foresight: An innovative approach for animal health emergency preparedness. Can Vet J 2010; 51:372-374. [PMID: 20592824 PMCID: PMC2839822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Vanderstichel
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wilson J, Spika J, Clarke R, McEwen S, Johnson R, Rahn K, Renwick S, Karmali M, Lior H, Alves D, Gyles C, Sandhu K. Verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in dairy farm families. Can Commun Dis Rep 1998; 24:17-20. [PMID: 9553280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Wilson
- Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Health Canada, Ottawa
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Evans B, Faul A, Bielanski A, Renwick S, Van Derlinden I. Risk analysis and international trade principles applied to the importation into Canada of caprine embryos from South Africa. REV SCI TECH OIE 1997; 16:265-70. [PMID: 9329122 DOI: 10.20506/rst.16.1.1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Between November 1994 and February 1995 over nine thousand Boer goat embryos were imported into Canada from the Republic of South Africa. This substantial international movement of animal genetics via embryos was achieved through the application of the risk analysis principles prescribed in Section 1.4. of the International Animal Health Code of the Office International des Epizooties (OIE). Integral to the development of the health certification procedures was the application of the fundamental principles of non-discrimination, harmonisation, equivalence and transparency defined in the World Trade Organisation Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary measures. Risk mitigation interventions were founded upon full consideration of the potential for disease transmission by animal embryos as espoused by the International Embryo Transfer Society and the relevant standards contained in Appendix 4.2.3.3. of the OIE International Animal Health Code. All the embryos imported into Canada were implanted into synchronised recipients on arrival. Twenty months later there has been no evidence of disease in either the recipient animals or the resulting animals born in Canada.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Evans
- Animal Health Division, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Nepean, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Reymond D, Johnson RP, Karmali MA, Petric M, Winkler M, Johnson S, Rahn K, Renwick S, Wilson J, Clarke RC, Spika J. Neutralizing antibodies to Escherichia coli Vero cytotoxin 1 and antibodies to O157 lipopolysaccharide in healthy farm family members and urban residents. J Clin Microbiol 1996; 34:2053-7. [PMID: 8862557 PMCID: PMC229189 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.34.9.2053-2057.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies to Escherichia coli O157 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was developed with sera from 63 children with confirmed recent E. coli O157 infection and from 256 age-stratified urban controls. The median ELISA values for control and case sera were 0.05 (interquartile range, 0 to 0.20; mean +/- standard deviation [SD], 0.15 +/- 0.22) and 1.41 (interquartile range, 1.11 to 1.59; mean +/- SD, 1.41 +/- 0.53), respectively (P < 0.001). With a breakpoint of 0.59 (mean ELISA value of the control sera + 2 SDs), the assay had a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 95, 94, 80, and 98%, respectively, for recent E. coli O157 infection. The O157 LPS assay and Vero cytotoxin (VT) 1-neutralizing-antibody (NAb) assay were used to compare the relative frequencies of O157 LPS antibodies and VT1-NAbs in an age-stratified urban population from Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and in 216 healthy family members from dairy farm in southern Ontario. The frequency of O157 LPS antibodies was about threefold higher in dairy farm residents (12.5%) than in urban residents (4.7%) (P < 0.01). Similarly, the frequency of VT1-NAbs was about sixfold higher in dairy farm residents (42.0%) than in urban residents (7.7%) (P < 0.001). These findings are consistent with a greater level of exposure of dairy farm residents to VT-producing E. coli (VTEC) strains. The high rate of seropositivity to VT1 in farm residents probably reflects the booster effect of repeated VTEC exposures and argues against a sustained generalized immunosuppressive effect of VT1. Seroepidemiological studies may help in assessing the level of exposure of different populations to VTEC strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Reymond
- Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Deng F, Renwick S, Martínez H, Morgan TJ. Absolute cross-section measurements for ionization of He Rydberg atoms in collisions with K. Phys Rev A 1995; 52:3833-3835. [PMID: 9912692 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.52.3833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
|
12
|
Bautista DA, Vaillancourt JP, Clarke RA, Renwick S, Griffiths MW. Rapid Assessment of the Microbiological Quality of Poultry Carcasses Using ATP Bioluminescence. J Food Prot 1995; 58:551-554. [PMID: 31137273 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-58.5.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The meat industry is in need of faster and more reliable methods to determine microbial loads in food products. A rapid method (<15 min) has been developed to assess the microbiological quality of chicken carcasses using the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay. The results indicate that, following modifications, the ATP bioluminescence test produced an acceptable correlation with plate counts (r = 0.85, p < 0.001) and demonstrated good repeatability between replicates. It is envisaged that the modified ATP bioluminescence assay would best be used as a platform rejection test. Using threshold levels determined from the regression equation, the ATP bioluminescence assays gave about 90% agreement with plate counts for carcass rinses with counts above 5 × 104 CFU/ml. These findings suggest that the modified ATP bioluminescence assay could be used for monitoring critical control points (CCPs) in programs based on hazard analysis of critical control points (HACCP).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derrick A Bautista
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario NIG 2WI Canada
| | - Jean Pierre Vaillancourt
- Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario NIG 2WI Canada
| | - Robert A Clarke
- Health of Animals Laboratory, Agriculture Canada, 110 Stone Rd. West, Guelph, Ontario Canada NIG 3W4
| | - Shane Renwick
- Health of Animals Laboratory, Agriculture Canada, 110 Stone Rd. West, Guelph, Ontario Canada NIG 3W4
| | - Mansel W Griffiths
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario NIG 2WI Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bautista DA, Vaillancourt JP, Clarke RA, Renwick S, Griffiths MW. Adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence as a method to determine microbial levels in scald and chill tanks at a poultry abattoir. Poult Sci 1994; 73:1673-8. [PMID: 7862606 DOI: 10.3382/ps.0731673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
According to Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points (HACCP) programs developed for the poultry industry, poultry processing waters should be actively monitored to minimize cross-contamination between chicken carcasses. In order to monitor HACCP programs, a test is required that provides results on a real time basis. A modified adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence test has been developed that can assess microbial levels in poultry processing waters within 15 min. A study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of this test for examining scald, prechill, and chill tank waters. The results showed that the modified ATP bioluminescence method gave results comparable to plate counts. The microbial levels were dependent on the tank and the time of sampling. The highest microbial levels were detected in the scald tank. In all three tanks, the microbial levels increased over time during the day.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D A Bautista
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Buchanan I, Renwick S, Duncan J. Computing. A tool for assessment. Nurs Times 1993; 89:44-6. [PMID: 8139960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
15
|
Abstract
Although social skills training is now a common form of intervention with young offenders, there is limited evidence that social skills deficits are directly related to delinquency. We examined the relationship between social skills and degree of past involvement in delinquent activities among a group (N = 37) of young offenders. Social skills were assessed both by self-report and by a behavioural test. The results indicate no relationship between social skills deficits, as assessed by either method, and degree of delinquent behaviour. Delinquency and social skills also exhibited quite different patterns of relationship with measures of personality, lending further support to the conclusion that social skills deficits as currently construed are not causally related to delinquency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Renwick
- Department of Clinical Psychology, State Hospital, Lanark, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mercier MT, Hill JC, Wohn FK, McCullough CM, Nieland ME, Winger JA, Howard CB, Renwick S, Matheis DK, Smith AR. Electromagnetic dissociation of 59Co, 89Y, and 197Au targets by relativistic heavy ions to Z=26. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1986; 33:1655-1667. [PMID: 9953328 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.33.1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
17
|
Oppen G, Renwick S, Bowlin JB, Koch PM, Jensen RV, Rath O, Richards D, Leopold JG. Microwave ionization of hydrogen atoms: Experiment vs classical dynamics. Phys Rev Lett 1985; 55:2231-2234. [PMID: 10032087 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.55.2231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
18
|
Abstract
In a sample of students, relationships between delinquency and moral reasoning scores--on Rest's (1975) DIT--were consistent with the view that these scores reflect political orientation rather than developmental differences. More serious delinquency was positively correlated with principled reasoning for females (P less than 0.05), and negatively with Stage 4 reasoning for males (P less than 0.02).
Collapse
|
19
|
Hoyos MD, Yeo JE, Renwick S, Gale DA, Dos Santos WA, Gibling JD, Hoare CE, Wilson R, Shepherd J, Webster RG, DaSilva PA. Morbidity in general practice in Barbados. W INDIAN MED J 1980; 29:97-109. [PMID: 7405197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
20
|
|
21
|
Renwick S. Anticancer centres in France. Aust N Z J Surg 1979; 49:374-7. [PMID: 289382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The system of anticancer centres in France is described, with a more detailed description of the largest of these, the Institute Gustave Roussy at Villejuif. The anticancer centres between them see and treat 20% to 25% of the cancer patients in France, control over 4,000 inpatients beds, and see over 75,000 new outpatients annually. The centres are staffed by a full-time multidisciplinary team, divided into "communittees" which deal with each individual type of malignancy. The committees have full secretarial and research staffs and regularly evaluate their progress at symposia. They provide a standard of excellence for the oncological services in France.
Collapse
|
22
|
Renwick S. Surgical training in France. Aust N Z J Surg 1979; 49:126-8. [PMID: 288416 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb06458.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The French medical student does a six-year course before entering a compulsory "intern" year at the end of which he presents a thesis plus the results of all his University examinations for his medical degree. To become a surgeon he would spend four years as an "intern" in surgical posts then become a "Chef-de-Clinique" for two to four years before being accredited as a specialist. The differences and similarities of their system and ours fours years before being accredited as a specialist. The differences and similarities of their system and ours are highlighted.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to improve our methods of secondary prophylaxis of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in Barbados, to estimate the overall prevalence of these diseases and the relative load imposed by them on available health services, and to measure the yield, feasibility, and effectiveness of mass programmes for the detection and prophylactic management of rheumatic heart disease in schoolchildren.Improved methods of surveillance and follow-up resulted in 97% adherence to therapy by patients on prophylactic penicillin. Thirty-four children, 27 with a first attack, were admitted with acute rheumatic fever, representing a 7% occupancy of children's medical beds during the 12-month period of the study. Out of a possible 3,942 schoolchildren aged 5-11 years, 3,882 (98%) were screened for rheumatic heart disease. Four cases (about 1 per 1,000) were discovered.
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Renwick S. Spleno-renal anastomosis: results in 47 cases. Med J Aust 1969; 2:416. [PMID: 5821148 DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1969.tb107169.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
26
|
Renwick S, Loewenthal J. Cervico-dorsal sympathectomy in the management of essential hyperhidrosis in the upper limb. Aust N Z J Surg 1969; 38:221-3. [PMID: 5251158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
27
|
Renwick S, Gabe IT, Shillingford JP, Martin P. Blood flow after reconstructive arterial surgery measured by implanted electromagnetic flow probes. Surgery 1968; 64:544-53. [PMID: 5676592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
28
|
|
29
|
Renwick S, Royle JP, Martin P. Operative angiography after femoropopliteal arterial reconstruction--its influence on early failure rate. Br J Surg 1968; 55:134-6. [PMID: 5635922 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800550217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
30
|
|