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Kumar A, Gupta R, Rashid H, Bhat AM, Sharma RR, Naikoo SH, Kaur S, Tasduq SA. Synthesis, molecular docking, and biological evaluation of [3,2- b]indole fused 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives against skin melanoma. RSC Adv 2023; 13:11130-11141. [PMID: 37056972 PMCID: PMC10086573 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08023k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma, the most serious yet uncommon type of cancer, originates in melanocytes. Risk factors include UV radiation, genetic factors, tanning lamps and beds. Here, we described the synthesis and selective anti melanoma activity of [3,2-b]indole fused 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, a derivative of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid in murine B16F10 and A375 human melanoma cell lines. Among the 14 molecules, GPD-12 showed significant selective cytotoxic activity against A375 and B16F10 cell lines with IC50 of 13.38 μM and 15.20 μM respectively. GPD 12 induced the formation of reactive oxygen species in A375 cells that could trigger oxidative stress mediated cell death as is evident from the increased expression of apoptosis related proteins such as caspase-9 and caspase-3 and the increased ratio of Bax to Bcl2. The results showed that GPD 12 can be used as an effective therapeutic agent against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu-180001 Jammu and Kashmir India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar-143005 India
| | - Ragni Gupta
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu-180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Haroon Rashid
- Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Soura Srinagar-190011 Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Aalim Maqsood Bhat
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu-180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Raghu Rai Sharma
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu-180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Shahid Hussain Naikoo
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu-180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Sarabjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar-143005 India
| | - Sheikh Abdullah Tasduq
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu-180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
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Nazir LA, Shahid NH, Amit K, Umar SA, Rajni S, Bharate S, Sangwan PL, Tasduq SA. Synthesis and anti-melanoma effect of 3-O-prenyl glycyrrhetinic acid against B16F10 cells via induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy through ERK/AKT signaling pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:890299. [PMID: 35982963 PMCID: PMC9380594 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.890299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive form of cancer with poor prognosis and survival rates and limited therapeutic options. Here, we report the anti-melanoma effect of 3-O-prenyl glycyrrhetinic acid (NPC-402), a derivative of glycyrrhtinic acid, from a reputed medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza glabra against B16F10 cells. We studied the cytotoxic effect of NPC-402 on melanoma cells and investigated the role of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, AKT axis, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress/unfolded protein response (UPR)-mediated autophagy as the involved signaling cascade by studying specific marker proteins. In this study, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4PBA, a chemical chaperone) and small interference RNA (siRNA) knockdown of C/EBP Homologous Protein (CHOP)/growth arrest- and DNA damage-inducible gene 153(GAD153) blocked NPC-402-mediated autophagy induction, thus confirming the role of ER stress and autophagy in melanoma cell death. NPC-402 induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in melanoma cells, which were effectively mitigated by treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC). In vivo studies showed that intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of NPC-402 at 10 mg/kg (5 days in 1 week) significantly retarded angiogenesis in the Matrigel plug assay and reduced the tumor size and tumor weight without causing any significant toxic manifestation in C57BL/6J mice. We conclude that NPC-402 has a high potential to be developed as a chemotherapeutic drug against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lone A. Nazir
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Division, Council Of scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Naikoo H. Shahid
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Division, Council Of scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kumar Amit
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Sheikh A. Umar
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Division, Council Of scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sharma Rajni
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Sandip Bharate
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Pyare L. Sangwan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Sheikh Abdullah Tasduq
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Division, Council Of scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- *Correspondence: Sheikh Abdullah Tasduq, /
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Umar SA, Tasduq SA. Ozone Layer Depletion and Emerging Public Health Concerns - An Update on Epidemiological Perspective of the Ambivalent Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure. Front Oncol 2022; 12:866733. [PMID: 35359420 PMCID: PMC8960955 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.866733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is the primary etiological agent responsible for developing cutaneous malignancies. Avoiding excessive radiation exposure, especially by high-risk groups, is recommended to prevent UV-induced photo-pathologies. However, optimal sun exposure is essential for the healthy synthesis of about 90% of vitamin D levels in the body. Insufficient exposure to UV-B is linked to vitamin D deficiency in humans. Therefore, optimal sun exposure is necessary for maintaining a normal state of homeostasis in the skin. Humans worldwide face a major existential threat because of climate change which has already shown its effects in several ways. Over the last 4 to 5 decades, increased incidences in skin cancer cases have led international health organizations to develop strong sun protection measures. However, at the same time, a growing concern about vitamin D deficiency is creating a kind of exposure dilemma. Current knowledge of UV exposure to skin outweighs the adverse effects than the beneficial roles it offers to the body, necessitating a correct public health recommendation on optimal sun exposure. Following an appropriate recommendation on optimal sun exposure will lead to positive outcomes in protecting humans against the adverse effects of strict recommendations on sun protection measures. In this short review, we spotlight the ambivalent health effects of UV exposure and how ozone layer depletion has influenced these effects of UVR. Further, our aim remains to explore how to lead towards a balanced recommendation on sun protection measures to prevent the spurt of diseases due to inadequate exposure to UV-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Ahmad Umar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian (CSIR) Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Sheikh Abdullah Tasduq
- Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian (CSIR) Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
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Umar SA, Shahid NH, Nazir LA, Tanveer MA, Divya G, Archoo S, Raghu SR, Tasduq SA. Pharmacological Activation of Autophagy Restores Cellular Homeostasis in Ultraviolet-(B)-Induced Skin Photodamage. Front Oncol 2021; 11:726066. [PMID: 34408986 PMCID: PMC8366585 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.726066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) exposure to the skin causes photo-damage and acts as the primary etiological agent in photo-carcinogenesis. UV-B exposure induces cellular damage and is the major factor challenging skin homeostasis. Autophagy allows the fundamental adaptation of cells to metabolic and oxidative stress. Cellular dysfunction has been observed in aged tissues and in toxic insults to cells undergoing stress. Conversely, promising anti-aging strategies aimed at inhibiting the mTOR pathway have been found to significantly improve the aging-related disorders. Recently, autophagy has been found to positively regulate skin homeostasis by enhancing DNA damage recognition. Here, we investigated the geno-protective roles of autophagy in UV-B-exposed primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). We found that UV-B irradiation to HDFs impairs the autophagy response in a time- and intensity-independent manner. However, improving autophagy levels in HDFs with pharmacological activators regulates the UV-B-induced cellular stress by decreasing the induction of DNA photo-adducts, promoting the DNA repair process, alleviating oxidative and ER stress responses, and regulating the expression levels of key cell cycle regulatory proteins. Autophagy also prevents HDFs from UV-B-induced nuclear damage as is evident in TUNEL assay and Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide co-staining. Salubrinal (an eIF2α phosphatase inhibitor) relieves ER stress response in cells and also significantly alleviates DNA damage and promotes the repair process in UV-B-exposed HDFs. P62-silenced HDFs show enhanced DNA damage response and also disturb the tumor suppressor PTEN/pAKT signaling axis in UV-B-exposed HDFs whereas Atg7-silenced HDFs reveal an unexpected consequence by decreasing the UV-B-induced DNA damage. Taken together, these results suggest that interventional autophagy offers significant protection against UV-B radiation-induced photo-damage and holds great promise in devising it as a suitable therapeutic strategy against skin pathological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Ahmad Umar
- Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Naikoo Hussain Shahid
- Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Lone Ahmad Nazir
- Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Malik Ahmad Tanveer
- Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Gupta Divya
- Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Sajida Archoo
- Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Sharma Rai Raghu
- Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
| | - Sheikh Abdullah Tasduq
- Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, India
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Umar SA, Tasduq SA. Integrating DNA damage response and autophagy signalling axis in ultraviolet-B induced skin photo-damage: a positive association in protecting cells against genotoxic stress. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36317-36336. [PMID: 35517978 PMCID: PMC9057019 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05819j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin acts as both physical as well as an immunological barrier against hazardous agents from the outside environment and protects the internal organs against damage. Skin ageing is a dynamic process caused by the influence of various external factors, including damage from ultraviolet (UV-B) radiation, which is known as photo-ageing, and due to internal chronological mechanisms. A normal ageing process requires several orchestrated defense mechanisms to diverse types of stress responses, the concomitant renewal of cellular characteristics, and the homeostasis of different cell types that directly or indirectly protect the integrity of skin. Cumulative oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses and their adverse impact on biological systems in the skin are a common mechanism of the ageing process, negatively impacting DNA by causing mutations that lead to many physiological, functional, and aesthetic changes in the skin, culminating in the development of many diseases, including photo-damage and photo-carcinogenesis. Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet-(B) elicits the activation of signal transduction pathways, including DNA damage response, autophagy, and checkpoint signal adaptations associated with clearing radiation-induced DNA damage. Recent experimental reports suggest that autophagy is involved in maintaining skin homeostasis upon encountering different stresses, notably genotoxic stress. It has also been revealed that autophagy positively regulates the recognition of DNA damage by nucleotide excision repair and that skin ageing is associated with defects in the autophagy process. Moreover, autophagy is constitutively active in the skin epithelium, imparting protection to skin cells against a diverse range of outside insults, thus increasing resistance to environmental stressors. It has also been found that the stress-induced suppression of the autophagy response in experimental settings leads to enhanced apoptosis during photo-ageing upon UV-B exposure and that the maintenance of homeostasis depends on cellular autophagy levels. More recent reports in this domain claim that relieving the oxidative-stress-mediated induction of the ER stress response upon UV-B irradiation protects skin cells from photo-damage effects. The integration of autophagy and the DNA damage response under genotoxic stress is being considered as a meaningful partnership for finding novel molecular targets and devising suitable therapeutic strategies against photo-ageing disorders. Here, we summarize and review the current understanding of the mechanisms governing the intricate interplay between autophagy and the DNA damage response and its regulation by UV-B, the roles of autophagy in regulating the cellular response to UV-B-induced photodamage, and the implications of the modulation of autophagy as a meaningful partnership in the treatment and prevention of photoaging disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Ahmad Umar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India +91-1912569000-10 ext.332
| | - Sheikh Abdullah Tasduq
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India +91-1912569000-10 ext.332
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Jan AT, Rahman S, Khan S, Tasduq SA, Choi I. Biology, Pathophysiological Role, and Clinical Implications of Exosomes: A Critical Appraisal. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020099. [PMID: 30699987 PMCID: PMC6406279 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membrane-enclosed entities of endocytic origin, which are generated during the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and plasma membranes. Exosomes are released into the extracellular milieu or body fluids; this process was reported for mesenchymal, epithelial, endothelial, and different immune cells (B-cells and dendritic cells), and was reported to be correlated with normal physiological processes. The compositions and abundances of exosomes depend on their tissue origins and cell types. Exosomes range in size between 30 and 100 nm, and shuttle nucleic acids (DNA, messenger RNAs (mRNAs), microRNAs), proteins, and lipids between donor and target cells. Pathogenic microorganisms also secrete exosomes that modulate the host immune system and influence the fate of infections. Such immune-modulatory effect of exosomes can serve as a diagnostic biomarker of disease. On the other hand, the antigen-presenting and immune-stimulatory properties of exosomes enable them to trigger anti-tumor responses, and exosome release from cancerous cells suggests they contribute to the recruitment and reconstitution of components of tumor microenvironments. Furthermore, their modulation of physiological and pathological processes suggests they contribute to the developmental program, infections, and human diseases. Despite significant advances, our understanding of exosomes is far from complete, particularly regarding our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that subserve exosome formation, cargo packaging, and exosome release in different cellular backgrounds. The present study presents diverse biological aspects of exosomes, and highlights their diagnostic and therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Tasleem Jan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185236, India.
| | - Safikur Rahman
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
| | - Shahanavaj Khan
- Department of Bioscience, Shri Ram Group of College (SRGC), Muzaffarnagar 251001, India.
| | | | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
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Guru SK, Pathania AS, Kumar S, Ramesh D, Kumar M, Rana S, Kumar A, Malik F, Sharma P, Chandan B, Jaglan S, Sharma J, Shah BA, Tasduq SA, Lattoo SK, Faruk A, Saxena A, Vishwakarma R, Bhushan S. Secalonic Acid-D Represses HIF1α/VEGF-Mediated Angiogenesis by Regulating the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K Signaling Cascade. Cancer Res 2015; 75:2886-96. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-2312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Afnan Q, Adil MD, Nissar-Ul A, Rafiq AR, Amir HF, Kaiser P, Gupta VK, Vishwakarma R, Tasduq SA. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a triterpenoid saponin glycoside alleviates ultraviolet-B irradiation-induced photoaging in human dermal fibroblasts. Phytomedicine 2012; 19:658-664. [PMID: 22516896 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a triterpenoid saponin glycoside from the roots and rhizomes of licorice is used in traditional and modern medicine for the treatment of numerous medical conditions including skin diseases and beauty care product. In the present study, we investigated the effect of GA against ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation-induced photoaging in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and its possible mechanism of action. HDFs were subjected to photoaging by sub-toxic dose of UVB (10 mj/cm(2)) irradiation. Cell viability, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), pro-collagen 1, cellular and nuclear morphology, cell cycle, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase 3 and hyaluronidase inhibition assays were performed. Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of NF-kappa B (NF-κB) and cytochrome-C proteins. GA treatment significantly inhibited photoaging. It achieved this by reducing ROS, NF-κB, cytochrome c, caspase 3 levels and inhibiting hyaluronidase enzyme. The main mechanism seems to be, most likely by blocking MMP1 activation by modulating NF-κB signaling. These findings may be useful for development of natural and safe photoprotective agents against UVB irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quadri Afnan
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Jammu Tawi, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Kaiser P, Youssouf MS, Tasduq SA, Singh S, Sharma SC, Singh GD, Gupta VK, Gupta BD, Johri RK. Anti-allergic effects of herbal product from Allium cepa (bulb). J Med Food 2009; 12:374-82. [PMID: 19459740 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2007.0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Allium cepa (Family Liliaceae) is a reputed Indian medicinal herb that is prescribed as an effective remedy for several ailments in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate its efficacy against various events responsible for Type I allergic reactions. A herbal fraction (ALC-02) from A. cepa (bulb) inhibited histamine release and attenuated intracellular calcium levels in Compound 48/80-induced rat peritoneal mast cells. It also prevented Compound 48/80-mediated systemic anaphylaxis while lowering histamine levels in plasma. ALC-02 suppressed carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. It inhibited eosinophil peroxidase activity and protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of ovalbumin-challenged mice. In this experiment ALC-02 also caused a substantial reduction in lipid peroxidation in BALF/lung tissue and augmented superoxide dismutase activity in lung tissue. ALC-02 suppressed erythrocytic lysis caused by Triton X-100. A significant quenching of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical by ALC-02 was observed. The results have shown a promising anti-allergic profile of ALC-02 that could be attributed to its potential antihistaminic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kaiser
- Division of Pharmacology and Natural Products Chemistry, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-Tawi, India
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Tasduq SA, Kaiser P, Sharma SC, Johri RK. Potentiation of isoniazid-induced liver toxicity by rifampicin in a combinational therapy of antitubercular drugs (rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide) in Wistar rats: A toxicity profile study. Hepatol Res 2007; 37:845-53. [PMID: 17573957 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2007.00129.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Biochemical characterization of long-term toxic manifestations of anti-tubercular (anti-TB) drugs - rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH) and pyrazinamide (PZA) - individually and in two combinations: (i) RIF + INH, and (ii) RIF + INH + PZA in Wistar rats. METHODS Animals received anti-TB drugs - alone or in combination - once daily p.o. for up to 90 days (doses, in mg/kg: RIF, 250; INH, 50; PZA, 100). Assays for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin (serum) and lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase, Na+K+-ATPase and CYP 2E1 (liver) were performed to assess liver toxicity. Clinical biochemistry was done by commercial kits. Determinations were made at 0, 15, 30 and 90 days of treatment schedule. RESULTS Anti-TB drugs-treated animals showed abnormal rises or falls (>1.5-2 fold) in the serum/liver parameters. Mild hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyperuricemia were the other pathologies. Of all the treated groups, INHalone or in combination with other drugs produced a progressive enhancement of toxicity over 15-90 days. The in vivo results were further supported by in vitro results (MTT assay, GSH and LPO) in primary cultures of rat hepatocyte. RESULTS indicated that anti-TB drugs in combination: (i) caused membrane damage resulting in leakage of ALT, ALP and bilirubin; (ii) caused imbalance in endogenous enzymatic oxidant-antioxidant defense via increased lipid peroxidation and in glutathione homeostasis; and (iii) enhanced the CYP 2E1-mediated bioactivation mechanism. CONCLUSION Toxicity manifestations seemed to be heptocytic injury targeted at hepatocytes, bile ducts or sinusoidal cells related to hepatitis and primary biliary cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Abdullah Tasduq
- Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (formerly Regional Research Laboratory), Jammu, India
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Mir AI, Kumar B, Tasduq SA, Gupta DK, Bhardwaj S, Johri RK. Reversal of hepatotoxin-induced pre-fibrogenic events by Emblica officinalis--a histological study. Indian J Exp Biol 2007; 45:626-9. [PMID: 17821859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Efficacy of a herbal product of E. officinalis (fruit) (EO) has been evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and thioacetamide (TAA) induced changes in rat liver. Chronic treatment of CCl4 and TAA revealed abnormal histopathology indicative of pre-fibrogenic events. EO reversed such alterations with significant regenerative changes suggestive of its preventive role in prefibrogenesis of liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Mir
- Division of Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, (Formerly Regional Research Laboratory), Jammu-Tawi 180 001, India
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Sachin BS, Sharma SC, Sethi S, Tasduq SA, Tikoo MK, Tikoo AK, Satti NK, Gupta BD, Suri KA, Johri RK, Qazi GN. Herbal modulation of drug bioavailability: enhancement of rifampicin levels in plasma by herbal products and a flavonoid glycoside derived fromCuminum cyminum. Phytother Res 2007; 21:157-63. [PMID: 17128432 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The bioavailability of rifampicin (RIF) in a fixed dose combination (FDC) used for the treatment of tuberculosis remains an area of clinical concern and several pharmaceutical alternatives are being explored to overcome this problem. The present study presents a pharmacological approach in which the bioavailability of a drug may be modulated by utilizing the herb-drug synergism. The pharmacokinetic interaction of some herbal products and a pure molecule isolated from Cuminum cyminum with RIF is shown in this paper. An aqueous extract derived from cumin seeds produced a significant enhancement of RIF levels in rat plasma. This activity was found to be due to a flavonoid glycoside, 3',5-dihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-galacturonide 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (CC-I). CC-I enhanced the Cmax by 35% and AUC by 53% of RIF. The altered bioavailability profile of RIF could be attributed to a permeation enhancing effect of this glycoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Sachin
- Division of Pharmacology, Regional Research Laboratory (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, 180016 India
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Tasduq SA, Singh K, Satti NK, Gupta DK, Suri KA, Johri RK. Terminalia chebula (fruit) prevents liver toxicity caused by sub-chronic administration of rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide in combination. Hum Exp Toxicol 2006; 25:111-8. [PMID: 16634329 DOI: 10.1191/0960327106ht601oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Terminalia chebula Gertn. (Combetraceae) is an important herbal drug in Ayurvedic pharmacopea. In the present study, a 95% ethanolic extract of T. chebula (fruit) (TC extract), which was chemically characterized on the basis of chebuloside II as a marker, was investigated for hepatoprotective activity against anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drug-induced toxicity. TC extract was found to prevent the hepatotoxicity caused by the administration of rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH) and pyrazinamide (PZA) (in combination) in a sub-chronic mode (12 weeks). The hepatoprotective effect of TC extract could be attributed to its prominent anti-oxidative and membrane stabilizing activities. The changes in biochemical observations were supported by histological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Tasduq
- Division of Pharmacology and Natural Products Chemistry, Regional Research Laboratory, (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu - Tawi 180 001, India
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Tasduq SA, Kaisar P, Gupta DK, Kapahi BK, Maheshwari HS, Jyotsna S, Johri RK. Protective effect of a 50% hydroalcoholic fruit extract of Emblica officinalis against anti-tuberculosis drugs induced liver toxicity. Phytother Res 2005; 19:193-7. [PMID: 15934014 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present report showed the hepatoprotective property of a 50% hydroalcoholic extract of the fruits of Emblica officinalis (fruit) (EO-50) against antituberculosis (anti-TB) drugs-induced hepatic injury. The biochemical manifestations of hepatotoxicity induced by rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH) and pyrazinamide (PZA), either given alone or in combination were evaluated. In vitro studies were done on suspension cultures of rat hepatocytes while sub-acute studies were carried out in rats. The hepatoprotective activity of EO-50 was found to be due to its membrane stabilizing, antioxidative and CYP 2E1 inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Tasduq
- Division of Pharmacology, Regional Research Laboratory, Jammu-Tawi 180001 India
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Tasduq SA, Mondhe DM, Gupta DK, Baleshwar M, Johri RK. Reversal of Fibrogenic Events in Liver by Emblica officinalis (Fruit), an Indian Natural Drug. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28:1304-6. [PMID: 15997120 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.1304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A hydroalcoholic (50%) extract of Emblica officinalis (fruit) (EO-50) reduced the severity of hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and thioacetamide (TAA). Improved liver function was observed by measuring the levels of aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin in serum. Hepatic parameters monitored were the levels of glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and hydroxyproline and the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Na+,K+-ATPase and cytochrome P450 (CYP 450 2E1) (aniline hydroxylation). The results suggested that EO-50 effectively reversed profibrogenic events possibly due to its promising antioxidative activity.
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