1
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Huth SE, Stone EA, Crotti S, Miller SJ. On the Ability of the N-O Bond to Support a Stable Stereogenic Axis: Peptide-Catalyzed Atroposelective N-Oxidation. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12857-12862. [PMID: 37561942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
During studies of atroposelective, peptide-catalyzed N-oxidations of pyridines, we observed lower-than-expected barriers to atropisomerization for these stereodynamic processes under the reaction conditions. Mechanistic studies indicate a hydrogen bond-assisted racemization mechanism intrinsic to both the starting materials and products. We also identified a protonation-dependent barrier to rotation that operates for the starting materials alone. Nonetheless, several substrates were amenable to atroposelective N-oxidations via kinetic resolution, yielding krel values of up to 12.6 and the isolation of one N-oxide with >99:1 er after recrystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah E Huth
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Stone
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Simone Crotti
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Scott J Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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2
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Cereda E, Lobascio F, Crotti S, Masi S, Cappello S, Turri A, Borioli V, Klersy C, Stobäus N, Tank M, Franz K, Cutti S, Arcaini L, Filippi A, Benazzo M, Palladini G, Pedrazzoli P, Norman K, Caccialanza R. The need to reappraise the definition of sarcopenia in cancer patients. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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3
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Cereda E, Lobascio F, Masi S, Crotti S, Cappello S, Borioli V, Turri A, Klersy C, Stobäus N, Tank M, Franz K, Cutti S, Giaquinto E, Benazzo M, Filippi A, Arcaini L, Palladini G, Pedrazzoli P, Norman K, Caccialanza R. Importance of body composition in grading body mass index and weight loss-related nutritional risk in cancer patients. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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4
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Pesca C, Cruciani D, Agostini L, Rossi E, Pavone S, Stazi M, Mangili P, Crotti S. Simultaneous detection of Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus luchuensis and Lichtheimia sp. in a bovine abortion. J Mycol Med 2020; 30:100923. [PMID: 31964598 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2019.100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abortion in dairy cattle may be caused by infectious (viruses, fungi and protozoa) and non-infectious causes mostly related to bad management practices and genetic factors. Recently, the significant contribution of mycotic infection to bovine abortion has been recognized. This report describes an abortion case in a Chianina cow due to Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus luchuensis and Lichtheimia sp. diagnosed by histology, cytology, culture and molecular assays. A mixed infection due to more than one fungus in abortion is rarely demonstrated. To our knowledge, this is the first case of bovine abortion caused by co-infection with three different moulds.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pesca
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche "Togo Rosati", via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - D Cruciani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche "Togo Rosati", via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Agostini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche "Togo Rosati", via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Rossi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche "Togo Rosati", via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pavone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche "Togo Rosati", via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Stazi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche "Togo Rosati", via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Mangili
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche "Togo Rosati", via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Crotti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche "Togo Rosati", via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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5
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Abstract
The catalytic, enantioselective N-oxidation of substituted pyridines is described. The approach is predicated on a biomolecule-inspired catalytic cycle wherein high levels of asymmetric induction are provided by aspartic-acid-containing peptides as the aspartyl side chain shuttles between free acid and peracid forms. Desymmetrizations of bis(pyridine) substrates bearing a remote pro-stereogenic center substituted with a group capable of hydrogen bonding to the catalyst are demonstrated. Our approach presents a new entry into chiral pyridine frameworks in a heterocycle-rich molecular environment. Representative functionalizations of the enantioenriched pyridine N-oxides further document the utility of this approach. Demonstration of the asymmetric N-oxidation in two venerable drug-like scaffolds, Loratadine and Varenicline, show the likely generality of the method for highly variable and distinct chiral environments, while also revealing that the approach is applicable to both pyridines and 1,4-pyrazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Simone Crotti
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Stone
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Scott J. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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6
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Crotti S, Di Iorio N, Artusi C, Mazzanti A, Righi P, Bencivenni G. Direct Access to Alkylideneoxindoles via Axially Enantioselective Knoevenagel Condensation. Org Lett 2019; 21:3013-3017. [PMID: 30977662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The organocatalytic axially enantioselective Knoevenagel condensation between prochiral cyclohexanones and oxindoles is presented. The reaction, promoted by a primary amine, proceeded smoothly and furnished unprecedented examples of novel cyclohexylidene oxindoles displaying axial chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Crotti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" University of Bologna , Viale del Risorgimento 4 , 40136 , Bologna , Italy
| | - Nicola Di Iorio
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" University of Bologna , Viale del Risorgimento 4 , 40136 , Bologna , Italy
| | - Chiara Artusi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" University of Bologna , Viale del Risorgimento 4 , 40136 , Bologna , Italy
| | - Andrea Mazzanti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" University of Bologna , Viale del Risorgimento 4 , 40136 , Bologna , Italy
| | - Paolo Righi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" University of Bologna , Viale del Risorgimento 4 , 40136 , Bologna , Italy
| | - Giorgio Bencivenni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari" University of Bologna , Viale del Risorgimento 4 , 40136 , Bologna , Italy
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7
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Ciogli A, Capitani D, Di Iorio N, Crotti S, Bencivenni G, Donzello MP, Villani C. A Silica-Supported Catalyst Containing 9-Amino-9-deoxy-9-epi
-quinine and a Benzoic Acid Derivative for Stereoselective Batch and Flow Heterogeneous Reactions. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Ciogli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco; Sapienza Università di Roma; Piazzale A. Moro, 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Donatella Capitani
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR; Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche; Lab. di Risonanza Magnetica “Annalaura Segre”; Via Salaria km 29,300 C.P. 10 Monterotondo Stazione Roma Italy
| | - Nicola Di Iorio
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”; Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna; Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Simone Crotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”; Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna; Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Giorgio Bencivenni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”; Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna; Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Maria Pia Donzello
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Sapienza Università di Roma; Piazzale A. Moro, 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Claudio Villani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco; Sapienza Università di Roma; Piazzale A. Moro, 5 00185 Roma Italy
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8
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Di Iorio N, Crotti S, Bencivenni G. Organocatalytic Desymmetrization Reactions for the Synthesis of Axially Chiral Compounds. CHEM REC 2019; 19:2095-2104. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Di Iorio
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna viale del Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Simone Crotti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna viale del Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Giorgio Bencivenni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna viale del Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
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9
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Crotti S, Belletti G, Di Iorio N, Marotta E, Mazzanti A, Righi P, Bencivenni G. Asymmetric vinylogous aldol addition of alkylidene oxindoles on trifluoromethyl-α,β-unsaturated ketones. RSC Adv 2018; 8:33451-33458. [PMID: 35548158 PMCID: PMC9086480 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06615a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel vinylogous aldol addition of alkylidene oxindole with 1-trifluoromethyl-3-alkylidene-propan-2-ones is presented. The reaction, catalyzed by a bifunctional tertiary amine, provides an efficient application of the vinylogous reactivity of oxindoles for the preparation of enantioenriched trifluoromethylated allylic alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Crotti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136-Bologna Italy
| | - Giada Belletti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136-Bologna Italy
| | - Nicola Di Iorio
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136-Bologna Italy
| | - Emanuela Marotta
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136-Bologna Italy
| | - Andrea Mazzanti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136-Bologna Italy
| | - Paolo Righi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136-Bologna Italy
| | - Giorgio Bencivenni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136-Bologna Italy
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10
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Crotti S, Di Iorio N, Mazzanti A, Righi P, Bencivenni G. Enantioselective Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl α,β-Unsaturated δ-Lactones via Vinylogous Aldol-Lactonization Cascade. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12440-12448. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Crotti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Iorio
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Mazzanti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Righi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bencivenni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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11
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Bertuzzi G, Crotti S, Calandro P, Bonini BF, Monaco I, Locatelli E, Fochi M, Zani P, Strocchi E, Mazzanti A, Chiariello M, Franchini MC. Quinone-Fused Pyrazoles through 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions: Synthesis of Tricyclic Scaffolds and in vitro Cytotoxic Activity Evaluation on Glioblastoma Cancer Cells. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1744-1750. [PMID: 29966045 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel and straightforward synthesis of highly substituted isoquinoline-5,8-dione fused tricyclic pyrazoles is reported. The key step of the synthetic sequence is a regioselective, Ag2 CO3 promoted, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of C-heteroaryl-N-aryl nitrilimines and substituted isoquinoline-5,8-diones. The broad functional group tolerability and mild reaction conditions were found to be suitable for the preparation of a small library of compounds. These scaffolds were designed to interact with multiple biological residues, and two of them, after brief synthetic elaborations, were analyzed by molecular docking studies as potential anticancer drugs. In vitro studies confirmed the potent anticancer effects, showing promising IC50 values as low as 2.5 μm against three different glioblastoma cell lines. Their cytotoxic activity was finally positively correlated to their ability to inhibit PI3K/mTOR kinases, which are responsible for the regulation of diverse cellular processes in human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Bertuzzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Crotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Calandro
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica and Istituto Toscano Tumori, Core Research Laboratory, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Bianca Flavia Bonini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Monaco
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Erica Locatelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Fochi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Zani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Strocchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Mazzanti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mario Chiariello
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica and Istituto Toscano Tumori, Core Research Laboratory, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Mauro Comes Franchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
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Crotti S, Tubiolo D, Pelosi P, Chiumello D, Mascheroni D, Gattinoni L. Long Term Evaluation of Gas Exchange and Hydrodynamic Performance of a Heparinized Artificial Lung: Comparison of Two Different Hollow Fiber Pore Sizes. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139889702000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We compared the performance of a heparinized hollow fiber artificial lung (Medtronic, Minimax) featuring standard hollow fibers (Group A) and experimental hollow fibers with a smaller pore size (Group B). Four sheep in each group underwent a veno-venous bypass for 72 hours. Every 6 hours, at 3 different blood flow rates (BFr) (400, 800, 1200 ml/min), at a constant gas flow rate (Gfr = 4 L/min), and at a constant blood inlet PCO2 (45-55 mmHg), we measured the oxygenation performance (O2 transfer = VO2 and blood outlet PO2 = PO2out), CO2 removal (CO2 transfer = VCO2 and PCO2 outlet = PCO2out) and pressure drop across the device (ΔP). A total of about 50 measurement sets were obtained for each group at different time points and blood flow rates. Both groups showed a good oxygenation performance (PO2out always higher than 200 mmHg) and no differences were observed between the two groups (at 1200 ml/min BFr, the average VO2 of all time points was 47 ± 15 ml/min in group A and 44 ± 11 ml/min in group B, mean ± SD, NS). During the first 24 hours, the VCO2 was higher in Group B than in Group A at each BFr (at 1200 ml/min BFr, 81 ± 18 vs 67 ± 20 ml/min, p<0.01), while no differences were observed during the subsequent 48 hours. Throughout the entire experiment, VCO2 increased with increasing BFr in both groups, (in group B, from 43 ± 14 ml/min at 400 ml/min BFr, to 73 ± 17 ml/min at 1200 ml/min BFr, average of all time points, p<0.01). In both groups the ΔP increased with the increasing BFr, but it was lower in Group B than in Group A at BFr 800 and 1200 ml/min (at 1200 ml/min BFr, 51 ± 15 mmHg vs 65 ± 17 mmHg, p<0.01), and remained stable for the entire experimental period.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Crotti
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università di Milano, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS, Milano - Italy
| | - D. Tubiolo
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università di Milano, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS, Milano - Italy
| | - P. Pelosi
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università di Milano, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS, Milano - Italy
| | - D. Chiumello
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università di Milano, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS, Milano - Italy
| | - D. Mascheroni
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università di Milano, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS, Milano - Italy
| | - L. Gattinoni
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università di Milano, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS, Milano - Italy
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13
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D'Aronco S, Dall'Armi M, Crotti S, Calandra E, Traldi P, Di Marco V, Buonadonna A, Corona G, Giodini L, Marangon E, Posocco B, Toffoli G, Agostini M. Field-assisted paper spray mass spectrometry for therapeutic drug monitoring: 1. the case of imatinib in plasma. J Mass Spectrom 2017; 52:283-289. [PMID: 28251731 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The field-assisted paper spray (FAPS) - mass spectrometric method has been employed to quantify the imatinib (IMT) plasma levels in treated patients. The quantitative measurements have been performed on the collisionally generated fragment at m/z 394 of the protonated molecules of IMT and deuterated IMT (d3 -IMT), used as internal standard. The FAPS-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method exhibits some limitations, because of the high number of operative parameters that need to be carefully controlled. For this aim, papers of different geometry, thickness, and porosity were tested. To obtain a more focalized and intense electrical field, a stainless steel needle was mounted axially and placed at 4 kV voltage. The variability observed in the measurements was ascribed either to the inter-individual variability (e.g. the concomitant presence of other compounds such as proteins, lipids, drugs and/or salts in the plasma of different patients) or to the uncontrollable variables in the instrumental set-up (e.g. sample deposition, changes in paper spray conditions). Furthermore, the manual sample deposition and solvent dripping strongly affects the measure reproducibility. Despite this, it is interesting to observe that, once applied in blind on 24 real plasma samples, FAPS-MS/MS led to results analogous to those obtained by the well-consolidated liquid chromatography-MS/MS, even if the mean coefficient of variation % (CV%) values of 20.4% and 2.6% were observed for the two methods, respectively. In conclusion, despite CV values are relatively high, it is worth noting that the FAPS-MS/MS method is much more straightforward, rapid and economical than the liquid chromatography-MS/MS one, and it appears therefore very promising for applications where a high precision is not always a required task, as e.g. in some cases of therapeutic drug monitoring. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D'Aronco
- Nano-inspired Biomedicine Lab, Institute of Paediatric Research - Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, Padova, 35127, Italy
| | - M Dall'Armi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - S Crotti
- Nano-inspired Biomedicine Lab, Institute of Paediatric Research - Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, Padova, 35127, Italy
| | - E Calandra
- Nano-inspired Biomedicine Lab, Institute of Paediatric Research - Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, Padova, 35127, Italy
| | - P Traldi
- Nano-inspired Biomedicine Lab, Institute of Paediatric Research - Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, Padova, 35127, Italy
| | - V Di Marco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - A Buonadonna
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, Aviano, 33081, PN, Italy
| | - G Corona
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, Aviano, 33081, PN, Italy
| | - L Giodini
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, Aviano, 33081, PN, Italy
| | - E Marangon
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, Aviano, 33081, PN, Italy
| | - B Posocco
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, Aviano, 33081, PN, Italy
| | - G Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini 2, Aviano, 33081, PN, Italy
| | - M Agostini
- Nano-inspired Biomedicine Lab, Institute of Paediatric Research - Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, Padova, 35127, Italy
- Surgical Clinic, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Nicolò Giustiniani 2, Padova, 35128, Italy
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Bencivenni G, Di Iorio N, Soprani L, Crotti S, Marotta E, Mazzanti A, Righi P. Michael Addition of Oxindoles to N-(2-tert-Butylphenyl)maleimides: Efficient Desymmetrization for the Synthesis of Atropisomeric Succinimides with Quaternary and Tertiary Stereocenters. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1588408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Marenzoni ML, Morganti G, Moretta I, Crotti S, Agnetti F, Moretti A, Pitzurra L, Casagrande Proietti P, Sechi P, Cenci-Goga B, Franciosini MP. Microbiological and parasitological survey of zoonotic agents in apparently healthy feral pigeons. Pol J Vet Sci 2017; 19:309-15. [PMID: 27487504 DOI: 10.1515/pjvs-2016-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Microbiological and parasitological investigation was carried out on a colony of feral pigeons, located in a green area near the main hospital of a Central Italy city. One hundred pigeons were submitted to clinical examination. Cloacal swabs, grouped in pool of 4 samples, were analyzed to detect the presence of Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydophila spp. using a biomolecular procedure, while individual cloacal samples were examined for Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., and yeasts by means of a specific culture media. An ELISA test was used to determine the presence of Giardia spp., and Cryptosporidium spp. coproantigens. Individual serological samples were also tested with the modified agglutination test (MAT) in order to detect antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii. The pigeons did not show any clinical signs. The cloacal pools proved to be negative for C. burnetii DNA while three pools were positive for C. psittaci or Chlamydophila spp. DNAs. Salmonella spp. was not detected. C. jejuni and C. coli were found in 13% and 4% of the samples, respectively. No Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. were detected. Thirty-three out of 100 samples (33%) were positive for yeast colonies. The seroprevalence for T. gondii was 8%. Although with moderate incidence, potentially zoonotic agents were present thus highlighting the need for sanitary surveillance on feral pigeon colonies.
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Narra R, Bono P, Zoccoli A, Orlandi A, Piconi S, Grasselli G, Crotti S, Girello A, Piralla A, Baldanti F, Lunghi G. Acute respiratory distress syndrome in adenovirus type 4 pneumonia: A case report. J Clin Virol 2016; 81:78-81. [PMID: 27354307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) cause a wide spectrum of clinical syndromes, depending on species and types, from mild respiratory infections to deadly pneumonia: in particular, severe infections occur in immunocompromised patients. In this report, we describe the case of a 36 years-old woman admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU) with severe respiratory distress syndrome caused by adenovirus pneumonia, that required invasive respiratory support (mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation). Molecular assays detected the virus in respiratory and plasma specimen and sequencing procedure identified HAdV type 4. Patient improved after cidofovir administration. Leukopenia and subsequent bacterial infection occurred, but the patient recovered completely and was discharged from the hospital after 54days.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Narra
- Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy;, Italy
| | - P Bono
- Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy;, Italy
| | - A Zoccoli
- Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy;, Italy
| | - A Orlandi
- Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy;, Italy
| | - S Piconi
- First Infectious Disease Department, A.O. Luigi Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - G Grasselli
- Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Ca' Granda, Italy
| | - S Crotti
- Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Ca' Granda, Italy
| | - A Girello
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Piralla
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Baldanti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Section of Microbiology, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G Lunghi
- Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy;, Italy.
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17
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Grossi E, Cazzaniga S, Crotti S, Naldi L, Di Landro A, Ingordo V, Cusano F, Atzori L, Tripodi Cutrì F, Musumeci ML, Pezzarossa E, Bettoli V, Caproni M, Bonci A. The constellation of dietary factors in adolescent acne: a semantic connectivity map approach. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30:96-100. [PMID: 25438834 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different lifestyle and dietetic factors have been linked with the onset and severity of acne. OBJECTIVE To assess the complex interconnection between dietetic variables and acne. METHODS This was a reanalysis of data from a case-control study by using a semantic connectivity map approach. 563 subjects, aged 10-24 years, involved in a case-control study of acne between March 2009 and February 2010, were considered in this study. The analysis evaluated the link between a moderate to severe acne and anthropometric variables, family history and dietetic factors. Analyses were conducted by relying on an artificial adaptive system, the Auto Semantic Connectivity Map (AutoCM). RESULTS The AutoCM map showed that moderate-severe acne was closely associated with family history of acne in first degree relatives, obesity (BMI ≥ 30), and high consumption of milk, in particular skim milk, cheese/yogurt, sweets/cakes, chocolate, and a low consumption of fish, and limited intake of fruits/vegetables. CONCLUSION Our analyses confirm the link between several dietetic items and acne. When providing care, dermatologists should also be aware of the complex interconnection between dietetic factors and acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Grossi
- Scientific Advisor, Bracco Foundation, Milano, Italy
| | | | - S Crotti
- Centro Studi GISED - FROM, Bergamo, Italy
| | - L Naldi
- Centro Studi GISED - FROM, Bergamo, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, Azienda Ospedaliera papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - V Ingordo
- Military Hospital Center, Taranto, Italy
| | - F Cusano
- Dermatology Unit, G. Rummo Hospital, Benevento, Italy
| | - L Atzori
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - M L Musumeci
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - E Pezzarossa
- Dermatology Unit, Istituti Ospitalieri Hospital, Cremona, Italy
| | - V Bettoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Caproni
- I Dermatology Clinic ASF - S.O.S. Cutaneous Immunopathology and Rare Dermatological Diseases, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A Bonci
- Dermatology Unit, S. Maria Nuova Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Nosotti M, Palleschi A, Rosso L, Tosi D, Mendogni P, Righi I, Montoli M, Crotti S, Russo R. Clinical risk factors for primary graft dysfunction in a low-volume lung transplantation center. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:2329-33. [PMID: 25242781 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a severe acute lung injury syndrome following lung transplantation. Previous studies of clinical risk factors, including a multicenter prospective cohort trial, have identified a number of recipient, donor, and operative variables related to Grade 3 PGD. The aim of this study was to validate these risk factors in a lung transplantation center with a low volume of procedures. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 45 consecutive lung transplantations performed between January 2011 and September 2013. PGD was defined according to the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation grading scale. Risk factors were evaluated independently and the significant confounders entered into multivariable logistic regression models. The overall incidence of Grade 3 PGD was 35.5% at T24, 17.7% at T48, and 15.5% at T72. The following risk factors were associated with Grade 3 PGD at the indicated time points: recipient female gender at T24 (P=.034), mixed diagnoses at T72 (P=.047), ECMO bridge-to-lung transplantation at T24 (P=.0004) and at T48 (P=.038), donor causes of death different from stroke and trauma at T24 (P=.019) and T72 (P=.014), blood transfusions during surgery at T24 (P=.001), intraoperative venoarterial ECMO T24 (P<.0001). Multivariate analysis at T24 identified recipient female gender and intraoperative venoarterial ECMO as risk factors (P=.010 and P=.018, respectively). This study demonstrated that risk factors for severe PGD in a low-volume center were similar to international reports in prevalence and type. ECMO bridge-to-lung transplantation emerged as a risk factor previously underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nosotti
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Foundation IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Health Care) "Ca' Granda" General Hospital-University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - A Palleschi
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Foundation IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Health Care) "Ca' Granda" General Hospital-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L Rosso
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Foundation IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Health Care) "Ca' Granda" General Hospital-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - D Tosi
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Foundation IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Health Care) "Ca' Granda" General Hospital-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - P Mendogni
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Foundation IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Health Care) "Ca' Granda" General Hospital-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - I Righi
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Foundation IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Health Care) "Ca' Granda" General Hospital-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Montoli
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Foundation IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Health Care) "Ca' Granda" General Hospital-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S Crotti
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Foundation IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Health Care) "Ca' Granda" General Hospital-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - R Russo
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Foundation IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Health Care) "Ca' Granda" General Hospital-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Apalla Z, Calzavara-Pinton P, Lallas A, Argenziano G, Kyrgidis A, Crotti S, Facchetti F, Monari P, Gualdi G. Histopathological study of perilesional skin in patients diagnosed with nonmelanoma skin cancer. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 41:21-5. [PMID: 26189480 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological and clinical data suggest that actinic damage to the skin is an important predictor of skin carcinogenesis. AIM To investigate the association of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) with sun-damage alterations seen by histopathology. METHOD In the current prospective study, perilesional skin of SCC or BCC lesions was evaluated for presence of alterations associated with chronic photodamage. Presence of scarring, perineural/perivascular invasion, haemorrhage/haemorrhagic crust, ulceration/erosion and margin involvement were also assessed. RESULT Of 6038 included lesions, 4523 (74.9%) were BCCs and 1515 (25.1%) were SCCs. Presence of actinic damage was five times more frequent in SCC than in BCC (OR = 5.29, 95% CI 4.44-6.00, P < 0.001), and diagnosis of SCC was twice as common in photo-exposed than nonphoto-exposed body sites (OR = 2.34, 95% CI 2.03-2.70, P < 0.001). There were twofold higher odds for actinic damage in SCC compared with Bowen disease (OR = 2.015, 95% CI 1.55-2.61, P < 0.001). Assessing the different BCC histological subtypes, we found that nodular BCC had at least twofold higher odds (OR = 2.63, 95% CI 2.09-3.32), infiltrative BCC had 48% higher odds (OR = 1.487, 95% CI 1.18-1.87) and basosquamous BCC had fourfold higher odds (OR = 4.10, 95% CI 3.01-5.57) of having actinic damage compared with superficial BCC. CONCLUSIONS Histological verification of ultraviolet-associated alterations in the perilesional skin in patients with NMSC in our study confirms the aetiopathogenic link between sun exposure and epithelial carcinogenesis on a histopathological basis. This correlation was stronger for SCCs than for BCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Apalla
- First Department of Dermatology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - A Lallas
- Skin Cancer Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - G Argenziano
- Skin Cancer Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - A Kyrgidis
- Skin Cancer Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - S Crotti
- Department of Dermatology, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - F Facchetti
- Department of Pathology 1-2, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - P Monari
- Department of Dermatology, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - G Gualdi
- Department of Dermatology, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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20
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Gualdi G, Monari P, Crotti S, Damiani G, Facchetti F, Calzavara‐Pinton P, Fantini F. Matter of margins. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:255-261. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Gualdi
- Department of Dermatology Spedali Civili‐University of Brescia Brescia Italy
| | - P. Monari
- Department of Dermatology Spedali Civili‐University of Brescia Brescia Italy
| | - S. Crotti
- Department of Dermatology Spedali Civili‐University of Brescia Brescia Italy
| | - G. Damiani
- Department of Dermatology Spedali Civili‐University of Brescia Brescia Italy
| | - F. Facchetti
- Department of Pathology I and II Spedali Civili‐University of Brescia Brescia Italy
| | - P. Calzavara‐Pinton
- Department of Dermatology Spedali Civili‐University of Brescia Brescia Italy
| | - F. Fantini
- Department of Dermatology Ospedale ‘A.Manzoni’ Lecco Italy
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21
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Naldi L, Crotti S. Epidemiology of cutaneous drug-induced reactions. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2014; 149:207-218. [PMID: 24819642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous reactions represent in many surveillance systems, the most frequent adverse events attributable to drugs. The spectrum of clinical manifestations is wide and virtually encompasses any known dermatological disease. The introduction of biological agents and so-called targeted therapies has further enlarged the number of reaction patterns especially linked with cytokine release or in balance. The frequency and clinical patterns of cutaneous reactions are influenced by drug use, prevalence of specific conditions (e.g., HIV infection) and pharmacogenetic traits of a population, and they may vary greatly among the different populations around the world. Studies of reaction rates in cohorts of hospitalized patients revealed incidence rates ranging from, 1 out 1000 to 2 out 100 of all hospitalized patients. For drugs such as aminopenicillines and sulfamides the incidence of skin reactions is in the order of 3-5 cases out of 100 exposed people. Although the majority of cutaneous reactions are mild and self-limiting, there are reactions such as Stevens Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) which are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Surveillance systems routed on sound epidemiologic methodology, are needed to raise signals and to assess risks associated with specific reactions and drug exposures. Identification of risk factors for adverse reactions and appropriate genetic screening of groups at higher risk may improve the outcomes of skin reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Naldi
- Department of Dermatology Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII Bergamo, Italy -
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22
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Spinelli E, Crotti S, Zacchetti L, Bottino N, Berto V, Russo R, Chierichetti M, Protti A, Gattinoni L. Effect of extracorporeal CO2 removal on respiratory rate in spontaneously breathing patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation. Crit Care 2013. [PMCID: PMC3642471 DOI: 10.1186/cc12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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23
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Gualdi G, Monari P, Rossi MT, Crotti S, Calzavara-Pinton PG. Successful treatment of systemic cold contact urticaria with etanercept in a patient with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2012; 166:1373-4. [PMID: 22212112 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10797.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Crotti S, Lissoni A, Tubiolo D, Azzari S, Tarsia P, Caspani L, Gattinoni L. Artificial lung as an alternative to mechanical ventilation in COPD exacerbation. Eur Respir J 2012; 39:212-5. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00021111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Crotti S, Granzotto C, Cairns WRL, Cescon P, Barbante C. Elemental labeling for the identification of proteinaceous-binding media in art works by ICP-MS. J Mass Spectrom 2011; 46:1297-1303. [PMID: 22223422 DOI: 10.1002/jms.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the history of art, artists have used many different organic compounds to dissolve pigments and apply them onto a support to obtain a paint layer. Proteins were used with success from the Middle Ages up to the Renaissance, and the traditional protein sources were animal parts (skins, tendons and bones) or milk and eggs. Moreover, some of these materials are commonly used as adhesive. In this paper, the first application of the metallomic analytical technique to the identification of proteins in artworks is reported. Samples were derivatized with DTPA/Eu and the derivatization procedure was evaluated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight before high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma MS analysis. This study has been carried out on laboratory models prepared in-house for method development, resulting in the correct identification of the different classes of proteinaceous binders typically used. In addition, some unknown paint layer samples have been analyzed demonstrating that the method is applicable to very small sample amounts (0.6 mg), which are compatible with the amount normally available for this kind of analysis. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, suggesting the potential future use as novel diagnostic tool in the scientific study of artworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Crotti
- DAIS, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Dorsoduro 2137, 30123, Venice, Italy
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26
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Nosotti M, Rosso L, Palleschi A, Lissoni A, Crotti S, Marenghi C, Colombo C, Costantini D, Santambrogio L. Bridge to lung transplantation by venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a lesson learned on the first four cases. Transplant Proc 2010; 42:1259-61. [PMID: 20534275 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.03.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is the only therapeutic option for patients with ventilation-refractory hypercapnia while awaiting lung transplantation. Moreover, there is increasing success using ECMO for definitive respiratory failure in formerly healthy patients. This report describes the use of membrane oxygenation as a bridge to lung transplantation in 2 patients on the waiting list and in 2 previously healthy patients. Our experience showed that coagulation management, critical illness myopathy, and psychological disorders were the most critical problems. One patient died at 2 days after transplantation, 1 at 3 months, and 2 returned to their pretransplantation activities. We concluded that ECMO is an adequate bridge to lung transplantation but, especially in formerly healthy patients, an awake procedure is advisable for a successful outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nosotti
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milano, Italy
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Crotti D, Manuali E, Crotti S, Venditti G, Salamida S, Sensi M. È IL SUINO UN SERBATOIO NATURALE DI DIENTAMOEBA FRAGILIS, CAUSA DELLA DIENTAMOEBIASI UMANA? Microbiol Med 2007. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2007.2776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Crotti D, Sensi M, Crotti S, Grelloni V, Manuali E. Dientamoeba fragilis in swine population: A preliminary investigation. Vet Parasitol 2007; 145:349-51. [PMID: 17314011 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2006] [Revised: 12/20/2006] [Accepted: 01/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dientamoeba fragilis, a protozoan with worldwide distribution is considered to be responsible for enteric disease in humans. A wide spectrum of clinical symptoms including; diarrhoea (acute or prolonged), flatulence, abdominal pains and other unspecific bowel symptoms have been ascribed to this parasite. Asymptomatic infection has also been reported. Dientamoeba fragilis is as its name indicates an extremely delicate protozoon and only the trophozoite has ever been demonstrated in stool samples. The definitive diagnosis of this infection is based on demonstration in permanently stained stool samples. In Italy examination of ova and parasite (O&P) samples are not currently performed. This protozoan is extremely difficult to cultivate but molecular techniques such as the Polymerase Chain Reaction offer promise as a means of diagnosing infection. The epidemiology of Dientamoebiasis is not clear. This paper will present preliminary results from a study looking for the parasite's presence in swine faeces. The possible role of pigs as a reservoir of infection was studied; 121 faecal samples from breeding and fattening pigs were examined using a Giemsa permanent stain. Dientamoeba fragilis was found in 53 (43.8%) of the stool samples examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Crotti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via G. Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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D’Annibale M, Crotti D, Crotti S. OPISTHORCHIASI AL LAGO TRASIMENO (PG): DESCRIZIONE DI UN SECONDO EPISODIO EPIDEMICO. Microbiol Med 2006. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2006.3189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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30
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Crotti D, Basileo M, Crotti S, D’Annibale M, La Torre G. SONDAGGIO CONOSCITIVO COPROPARASSITOLOGICO IN UNA ZONA ANDINA DELLA CORDILLERA BLANCA, PERU’. Microbiol Med 2006. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2006.3188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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31
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Cenci-Goga BT, Crotti S, Costarelli S, Rondini C, Karama M, Bennett P. Detection of tet(M) gene from raw milk by rapid DNA extraction followed by a two-step PCR with nested primers. J Food Prot 2004; 67:2833-8. [PMID: 15633698 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-67.12.2833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The likelihood that milk and milk products may act as a vehicle for antibiotic-resistant bacterial genes has become a concern to the food industry and a public health issue, and the demand for rapid tests has increased. The purity of DNA extracted from food samples is a key issue in the sensitivity and usefulness of biological analyses, such as PCR for pathogens and nonpathogens. A rapid, phenol-chloroform free method based on a modification of a sodium iodide DNA extraction, followed by a two-step PCR was developed for direct detection of the tet(M) gene in milk samples within a single working day. This study compares the proposed method with a traditional phenol solvent extraction method and with a commercial kit (QIAamp DNA blood mini kit, Qiagen). The three DNA extraction methods were used to ensure access to the tet(M) gene from 1 ml of raw milk, inoculated with a strain of Enterococcus faecalis, which carries the tet(M) gene. The proposed method, followed by a two-step PCR with nested primers specific for the tet(M) gene, was able to reach a detection limit below 10 CFU/ml in less than 4 h, including the two amplification cycles, thus outperforming in sensitivity and rapidity both the traditional and the commercial method.
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Affiliation(s)
- B T Cenci-Goga
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
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Eleni C, Crotti S, Manuali E, Costarelli S, Filippini G, Moscati L, Magnino S. Detection of Neospora caninum in an aborted goat foetus. Vet Parasitol 2004; 123:271-4. [PMID: 15325053 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2004] [Revised: 05/28/2004] [Accepted: 06/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In Italy Neospora caninum has been reported in cattle, in buffaloes and in dogs. No data are available about the infection in sheep and goats. In this paper, the authors report the detection of protozoan cysts, identified as N. caninum by PCR, in the brain of an aborted goat foetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Eleni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via G. Salvemini, 1 - 06126 Perugia, Italy.
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Caspani ML, Savioli M, Crotti S, Bruzzone P, Gattinoni L. Heat stress: characteristics, pathophysiology and avoidable mistakes. Minerva Anestesiol 2004; 70:617-24. [PMID: 15252373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
In August 2003 an exceptional heatwave was recorded in Europe. The authors would like to describe 6 patients for which the intensivist was called as a consultant. All patients had a skin temperature >40 degrees C, central nervous system impairment, severe hyponatremia [124.7 mEq/l+/-5.6 (range 117-130)] and severe metabolic acidosis [BE -6.28 mEq/l+/-3.55 (range -9.5-0), HCO3- 17.75 mEq/l+/-3.25 (range 13.4-21.9)]. All patients had decreased platelet count and coagulation abnormalities. Two patients were hypertensive, 4 hypotensive. The heat stress due to the hot environment is characterized by systemic inflammatory response (as in severe sepsis) and hemodynamic impairment (as in hypovolemic shock). The association between hypovolemia and altered microcirculation leads to cell energy failure with metabolic lactic acidosis. The energy failure may induce structural irreversible damage of mitochondria. It is possible to differentiate, during energy failure, the irreversible or reversible condition by volume loading and vasoactive drugs challenge tests. In fact, if the hemodynamic correction is associated with normalization of SvO2 with disappearance of metabolic acidosis, this suggests hemodynamic impairment with intact mitochondrial function. In contrast, if the hemodynamic improvement with normalization of SvO2 is associated and acidosis persists, this suggests irreversible structural mitochondrial damage. The threshold between reversibility and irreversibility is likely time dependent, as suggested by biochemical consideration and by 2 large randomized studies on hemodynamic treatment. The comparative analysis of these 2 studies suggests that the time of intervention may lead to significant differences in mortality. In these patients time is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Caspani
- Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Crotti S, Mascheroni D, Caironi P, Pelosi P, Ronzoni G, Mondino M, Marini JJ, Gattinoni L. Recruitment and derecruitment during acute respiratory failure: a clinical study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:131-40. [PMID: 11435251 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.164.1.2007011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In a model of acute lung injury, we showed that positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and tidal volume (VT) are interactive variables that determine the extent of lung recruitment, that recruitment occurs across the entire range of total lung capacity, and that superimposed pressure is a key determinant of lung collapse. Aiming to verify if the same rules apply in a clinical setting, we randomly ventilated five ALI/ARDS patients with 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, and 45 cm H2O plateau pressure and 5, 10, 15, and 20 cm H2O of PEEP. For each PEEP-VT condition, we obtained computed tomography at end inspiration and end expiration. We found that recruitment occurred along the entire volume-pressure curve, independent of lower and upper inflection points, and that estimated threshold opening pressures were normally distributed (mode = 20 cm H2O). Recruitment occurred progressively from nondependent to dependent lung regions. Overstretching was not associated with hyperinflation. Derecruitment did not parallel deflation, and estimated threshold closing pressures were normally distributed (mode = 5 cm H2O). End-inspiratory and end-expiratory collapse were correlated, suggesting a plateau-PEEP interaction. When superimposed gravitational pressure exceeded PEEP, end-expiratory collapse increased. We concluded that the rules governing recruitment and derecruitment equally apply in an oleic acid model and in human ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Crotti
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università degli Studi di Milano, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Bolis PF, Zanaboni F, Crotti S. [Borderline ovarian tumors]. Minerva Ginecol 2001; 53:6-9. [PMID: 11526723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P F Bolis
- Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università dell'Insubria, Sede vi Varese
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Rich PB, Awad SS, Crotti S, Hirschl RB, Bartlett RH, Schreiner RJ. A prospective comparison of atrio-femoral and femoro-atrial flow in adult venovenous extracorporeal life support. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998; 116:628-32. [PMID: 9766592 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5223(98)70170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the United States, venovenous extracorporeal life support has traditionally been performed with atrial drainage and femoral reinfusion (atrio-femoral flow). Although flow reversal (femoro-atrial flow) may alter recirculation and extracorporeal flow, no direct comparison of these 2 modes has been undertaken. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to prospectively compare atrio-femoral and femoro-atrial flow in adult venovenous extracorporeal life support for respiratory failure. METHODS A modified bridge enabling conversion between atrio-femoral and femoro-atrial flow was incorporated in the extracorporeal circuit. Bypass was initiated in the direction that provided the highest pulmonary arterial mixed venous oxygen saturation, and the following measurements were taken: (1) maximum extracorporeal flow, (2) highest achievable pulmonary arterial mixed venous oxygen saturation, and (3) flow required to maintain the same pulmonary arterial mixed venous oxygen saturation in both directions. Flow direction was then reversed, and the measurements were repeated. Data were compared with paired t tests and are presented as mean +/- standard deviation. RESULTS Ten patients were studied, and 9 were included in the data analysis. Femoro-atrial bypass provided (1) higher maximal extracorporeal flow (femoro-atrial flow = 55.6 +/- 9.8 mL/kg per minute, atrio-femoral flow = 51.1 +/- 11.1 mL/kg per minute; P = .04) and (2) higher pulmonary arterial mixed venous oxygen saturation (femoroatrial flow = 89.9% +/- 6.6%, atrio-femoral flow = 83.2% +/- 4.2%; P = .006); (3) furthermore, it required less flow to maintain an equivalent pulmonary arterial mixed venous oxygen saturation (femoro-atrial flow = 37.0 +/- 12.2 mL/kg per minute, atrio-femoral flow = 46.4 +/- 8.8 mL/kg per minute; P = .04). CONCLUSIONS During venovenous extracorporeal life support, femoro-atrial bypass provided higher maximal extracorporeal flow, higher pulmonary arterial mixed venous oxygen saturation, and required comparatively less flow to maintain an equivalent mixed venous oxygen saturation than did atrio-femoral bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Rich
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor, USA
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Pelosi P, Tubiolo D, Mascheroni D, Vicardi P, Crotti S, Valenza F, Gattinoni L. Effects of the prone position on respiratory mechanics and gas exchange during acute lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157:387-93. [PMID: 9476848 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.157.2.97-04023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied 16 patients with acute lung injury receiving volume-controlled ventilation to assess the relationships between gas exchange and respiratory mechanics before, during, and after 2 h in the prone position. We measured the end-expiratory lung volume (EELV, helium dilution), the total respiratory system (Cst,rs), the lung (Cst,L) and the thoracoabdominal cage (Cst,w) compliances (end-inspiratory occlusion technique and esophageal balloon), the hemodynamics, and gas exchange. In the prone position, PaO2 increased from 103.2 +/- 23.8 to 129.3 +/- 32.9 mm Hg (p < 0.05) without significant changes of Cst,rs and EELV. However, Cst,w decreased from 204.8 +/- 97.4 to 135.9 +/- 52.5 ml/cm H2O (p < 0.01) and the decrease was correlated with the oxygenation increase (r = 0.62, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the greater the baseline supine Cst,w, the greater its decrease in the prone position (r = 0.82, p < 0.01). Consequently, the oxygenation changes in the prone position were predictable from baseline supine Cst,w (r = 0.80, p < 0.01). Returning to the supine position, Cst,rs increased compared with baseline (42.3 +/- 14.4 versus 38.4 +/- 13.7 ml/cm H2O; p < 0.01), mainly because of the lung component (57.5 +/- 25.1 versus 52.4 +/- 23.3 ml/cm H2O; p < 0.01). Thus, (1) baseline Cst,w and its changes may play a role in determining the oxygenation response in the prone position; (2) the prone position improves Cst,rs and Cst,L when the supine position is resumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pelosi
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università degli Studi de Milano, Ospedale Maggiore, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
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Kolla S, Crotti S, Lee WA, Gargulinski MJ, Lewandowski T, Bach D, Hirschl RB, Bartlett RH. Total respiratory support with tidal flow extracorporeal circulation in adult sheep. ASAIO J 1997; 43:M811-6. [PMID: 9360159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel pressure gated tidal flow extracorporeal circulation (TF ECC) device was developed, and it was hypothesized that it could provide total respiratory support in apneic adult sheep without adverse hemodynamic or cardiac effects. The circuit consisted of a single lumen cannula, computer driven tubing occluders gated by circuit pressure, a nonocclusive peristaltic blood pump, a spiral coiled membrane lung, and a heat exchanger. Six paralyzed, anesthetized adult sheep were instrumented and TF ECC was instituted via cannulation of the right atrium. Total respiratory support was provided by the circuit during an apneic period of 6 hours. Echocardiography was performed with the animal instrumented (baseline) and after 2 hours of TF ECC. Circuit blood tidal volume was 172.6 +/- 18.0 cc, resulting in a TF ECC flow of 71.1 +/- 10.1 cc/kg/min. At the end of the study period, PaCO2 was 35.5 +/- 7.6 mmHg, paO2) was 91.2 +/- 30.6 mmHg, and pulmonary artery oxygen saturation (SPAO2) was 95 +/- 5%. Hemodynamic stability was maintained with no significant differences at baseline and after 6 hours in mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure, or heart rate noted. Echocardiographic evaluation showed preserved fractional shortening of the left ventricular (LV) septal-lateral dimension (baseline 32.4 +/- 11.4%; 2 hours 34.8 +/- 8.4%). This study demonstrates TF ECC provides total respiratory support without adverse hemodynamic effects, and preserved LV function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kolla
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0331, USA
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Crotti S, Tubiolo D, Pelosi P, Chiumello D, Mascheroni D, Gattinoni L. Long-term evaluation of gas exchange and hydrodynamic performance of a heparinized artificial lung: comparison of two different hollow fiber pore sizes. Int J Artif Organs 1997; 20:22-8. [PMID: 9062828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We compared the performance of a heparinized hollow fiber artificial lung (Medtronic, Minimax) featuring standard hollow fibers (Group A) and experimental hollow fibers with a smaller pore size (Group B). Four sheep in each group underwent a veno-venous bypass for 72 hours. Every 6 hours, at 3 different blood flow rates (BFr) (400, 800, 1200 ml/min), at a constant gas flow rate (Gfr = 4 L/min), and at a constant blood inlet PCO2 (45-55 mmHg), we measured the oxygenation performance (O2 transfer = VO2 and blood outlet PO2 = PO2out), CO2 removal (CO2 transfer = VCO2 and PCO2 outlet = PCO2out) and pressure drop across the device (delta P). A total of about 50 measurement sets were obtained for each group at different time points and blood flow rates. Both groups showed a good oxygenation performance (PO2out always higher than 200 mmHg) and no differences were observed between the two groups (at 1200 ml/min BFr, the average VO2 of all time points was 47 +/- 15 ml/min in group A and 44 +/- 11 ml/min in group B, mean +/- SD, NS). During the first 24 hours, the VCO2 was higher in Group B than in Group A at each BFr (at 1200 ml/min BFr, 81 +/- 18 vs 67 +/- 20 ml/min, p < 0.01), while no differences were observed during the subsequent 48 hours. Throughout the entire experiment, VCO2 increased with increasing BFr in both groups, (in group B, from 43 +/- 14 ml/min at 400 ml/min BFr, to 73 +/- 17 ml/min at 1200 ml/min BFr, average of all time points, p < 0.01). In both groups the delta P increased with the increasing BFr, but it was lower in Group B than in Group A at BFr 800 and 1200 ml/min (at 1200 ml/min BFr, 51 +/- 15 mmHg vs 65 +/- 17 mmHg, p < 0.01), and remained stable for the entire experimental period.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Crotti
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università di Milano, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS, Italy
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Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) has played an important role in improving our knowledge of the pathophysiology of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and in determining the morphological and functional relationships of different manoeuvres commonly used in the therapeutic management of this syndrome (changes in body position, application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and mechanical ventilation). During the early phase of the disease, the ARDS lung is characterized by a homogenous alteration of the vascular permeability. Thus, oedema accumulates evenly in all lung regions with a nongravitational distribution (homogenous lung). The increased lung weight, due to increased oedema, causes a collapse of the lung regions along the vertical axis, through the transmission of hydrostatic forces (compression atelectasis). Thus, the lesions appear mainly in the dependent lung regions (dishomogeneous lung). During inspiration, at plateau pressure, the pulmonary units reopen and, if the PEEP applied is adequate, they stay open during the following expiration. Adequate PEEP is equal to or higher than the hydrostatic forces compressing that unit. Prone position is another manoeuvre which allows previously collapsed lung regions to reopen and, conversely, compresses previously aerated regions, reversing the distribution of gravitational forces. During late ARDS, there is less compression atelectasis and the lung undergoes structural changes, due to the reduced amount of oedema. This is usually associated with CO2 retention and the development of emphysema-like lesions. In conclusion, computed tomography is not only a research tool, but a useful technique which allows a better understanding of the progressive change in strategy needed to ventilate the adult respiratory distress syndrome lung at different stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pelosi
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università di Milano, Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS, Italy
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Valenza F, Crotti S, Mascheroni D, Pelosi P, Gattinoni L. Intrathoracic blood pressures and volumes during mechanical ventilation in ARDS patients: Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Intensive Care Med 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01921295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gattinoni L, Pelosi P, Crotti S, Valenza F. Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on regional distribution of tidal volume and recruitment in adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151:1807-14. [PMID: 7767524 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.151.6.7767524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The distribution of tidal volume (VT) and recruitment was investigated by chest computed tomography (CT) in eight sedated-paralyzed patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A CT section was obtained in the supine position at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and at the corresponding inspiratory plateau pressure (21 +/- 1.8, 26 +/- 1.4, 31 +/- 1.8, 38 +/- 2.1, and 46 +/- 3.2 cm H2O [mean +/- SE]), keeping VT constant. Each CT section was divided along its ventral-dorsal height into 10 equally spaced intervals (levels). Vi(insp) and Vi(exp) were defined as the gas volume for level i (i = 1 to 10) at end-inspiration and at end-expiration, respectively. The following variables were computed at each lung level: (1) distribution of CT section tidal volume (VTct), i.e., the fraction of VT that inflates a given lung level; (2) the plateau-induced and PEEP-induced recruitment, i.e., the amount of lung tissue previously collapsed that inflates at plateau pressure and at PEEP, respectively; (3) the reopening-collapsing tissue, i.e., the amount of lung tissue that regains inflation at plateau pressure and collapses at PEEP. With increasing PEEP from 0 to 20 cm H2O, the VTct distribution decreased significantly (p < 0.01) in the upper levels, did not change in the middle levels, and increased significantly (p < 0.01) in the lower levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gattinoni
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, IRCCS Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Ospedale Maggiore, Italy
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Lauria A, Oliva O, Genazzani AR, Cremonesi F, Crotti S, Barbetti M. Improved method to induce superovulation in cattle using Human Menopausal Gonadotropin (HMG). Theriogenology 1982; 18:357-64. [PMID: 16725757 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(82)90013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/1982] [Accepted: 07/07/1982] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In a previous preliminary study, HMG (Pergonal 500 -Serono Italy) was favourably used to induce superovulation in heifers. In the present work, the results of further clinical and endocrinological investigations using another treatment schedule are reported. Both friesian heifers and lactating friesian cows, starting from the 9th-11th day of the cycle, received i.m. two ampoules of Pergonal 500 (75 i.u. FSH and 75 i.u. LH per ampoule) at 0, 12, 24, 36 hours and one ampoule at 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 and 108 hours. At the 72nd hour, all donors received 2 ml of Estrumate (I.C.I.) and, at estrus, 1000 i.u. of HCG (Profasi, Serono) 24 hours apart. Both clinical and endocrinological results showed that all animals responded well to the superovulatory stimulus. No donor gave less than two transferable embryos. The mean number of ovulations (11.66 and 10.36 for heifers and cows respectively), the low individual variability, the low number of persistent follicles, the rate of transferable embryos (67%) and the rapid spontaneous restoration of estrous cycles show that the schedule adopted induced satisfactory superovulation of both heifers and cows in embryo transfer practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lauria
- Istituto di Anatomia degli Animali Domestici con Istologia ed Embriologia dell 'Università di Milano Via Celoria, 10 - 20133 Milano - Italy
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