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Lim YX, Quah ELY, Chua KZY, Lin Ronggui CK, Govindasamy R, Ong SM, Ong EK, Phua GLG, Krishna LKR. A Systematic Scoping Review on Dignity Assessment Tools. J Pain Symptom Manage 2024; 67:e263-e284. [PMID: 38092260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The provision of person-centered dignity-conserving care is central to palliative care. It is important to reevaluate current methods of assessing dignity as the concept of dignity is multifaceted. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to understand the tools which are used to assess a patient's dignity and the elements of dignity evaluated in these tools. METHODS Two independent and concurrent Systematic Evidence-Based Approach guided systematic scoping reviews (SSR in SEBA) on existing dignity assessment tools and on accounts of assessments of dignity were carried out. The SSR in SEBA on dignity assessment tools involving PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, and CINAHL databases saw 22 full-text articles included from the 645 articles reviewed. The SSR in SEBA on accounts of assessments of dignity featured in the PubMed database identified 102 full-text articles which saw 46 articles included. RESULTS The domains identified were factors affecting patients' definition of dignity; elements of dignity-conserving care; and components of effective tools. CONCLUSION Current accounts to assess dignity and assessment tools fail to capture shifting self-concepts of dignity holistically. A portfolio-like appraisal of dignity is proposed to achieve assessments that are timely, longitudinal, and patient-specific. Portfolio-based assessments by members of the multidisciplinary team will better direct timely evaluations of relevant aspects of changing concepts of dignity, without losing the patient's holistic perception of dignity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xue Lim
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., S.M.O., L.K.R.R), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Supportive and Palliative Care (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., C.K.L.R., S.M.O., E.K.O., G.L.K.P., L.K.R.R), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elaine Li Ying Quah
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., S.M.O., L.K.R.R), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Supportive and Palliative Care (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., C.K.L.R., S.M.O., E.K.O., G.L.K.P., L.K.R.R), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith Zi Yuan Chua
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., S.M.O., L.K.R.R), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Supportive and Palliative Care (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., C.K.L.R., S.M.O., E.K.O., G.L.K.P., L.K.R.R), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Casper Keegan Lin Ronggui
- Division of Supportive and Palliative Care (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., C.K.L.R., S.M.O., E.K.O., G.L.K.P., L.K.R.R), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Biomedical Ethics (C.K.L.R., L.K.R.R), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacy (C.K.L.R.), National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore; Division of Cancer Education (C.K.L.R., R.G., E.K.O., L.K.R.R.), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ranitha Govindasamy
- Division of Supportive and Palliative Care (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., C.K.L.R., S.M.O., E.K.O., G.L.K.P., L.K.R.R), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Division of Cancer Education (C.K.L.R., R.G., E.K.O., L.K.R.R.), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychosocial Oncology (R.G.), National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore
| | - Simone Meiqi Ong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., S.M.O., L.K.R.R), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Supportive and Palliative Care (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., C.K.L.R., S.M.O., E.K.O., G.L.K.P., L.K.R.R), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng Koon Ong
- Division of Supportive and Palliative Care (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., C.K.L.R., S.M.O., E.K.O., G.L.K.P., L.K.R.R), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Division of Cancer Education (C.K.L.R., R.G., E.K.O., L.K.R.R.), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School (E.K.O., L.K.R.R.), Singapore; Assisi Hospice (E.K.O.), Singapore
| | - Gillian Li Gek Phua
- Division of Supportive and Palliative Care (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., C.K.L.R., S.M.O., E.K.O., G.L.K.P., L.K.R.R), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Lien Centre for Palliative Care (G.L.G.P.), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Lalit Kumar Radha Krishna
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., S.M.O., L.K.R.R), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Supportive and Palliative Care (Y.X.L., E.L-Y.Q., K.Z-Y.C., C.K.L.R., S.M.O., E.K.O., G.L.K.P., L.K.R.R), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Biomedical Ethics (C.K.L.R., L.K.R.R), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Cancer Education (C.K.L.R., R.G., E.K.O., L.K.R.R.), National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School (E.K.O., L.K.R.R.), Singapore; Palliative Care Institute Liverpool (L.K.R.R.), Cancer Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; PalC (L.K.R.R.), The Palliative Care Centre for Excellence in Research and Education, Singapore.
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Chua KZY, Quah ELY, Lim YX, Goh CK, Lim J, Wan DWJ, Ong SM, Chong CS, Yeo KZG, Goh LSH, See RM, Lee ASI, Ong YT, Chiam M, Ong EK, Zhou JX, Lim C, Ong SYK, Krishna L. A systematic scoping review on patients' perceptions of dignity. Palliat Care 2022; 21:118. [PMID: 35787278 PMCID: PMC9251939 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-022-01004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A socioculturally appropriate appreciation of dignity is pivotal to the effective provision of care for dying patients. Yet concepts of dignity remain poorly defined. To address this gap in understanding and enhance dignity conserving end-of-life care, a review of current concepts of dignity is proposed. Methods To address its primary research question “How do patients conceive the concept of dignity at the end of life?”, this review appraises regnant concepts and influences of dignity, and evaluates current dignity conserving practices. To enhance accountability, transparency and reproducibility, this review employs the Ring Theory of Personhood (RToP) as its theoretical lens to guide a Systematic Evidence Based Approach guided Systematic Scoping Review (SSR in SEBA) of patient perspectives of dignity. Three independent teams of reviewers independently analysed included articles from a structured search of PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane Databases using thematic and content analyses. The themes and categories identified were compared and combined using the Funnelling Process to create domains that guide the discussion that follows. Results Seventy-eight thousand five hundred seventy-five abstracts were identified, 645 articles were reviewed, and 127 articles were included. The three domains identified were definitions of dignity, influences upon perceptions of dignity, and dignity conserving care. Conclusions This SSR in SEBA affirms the notion that dignity is intimately entwined with self-concepts of personhood and that effective dignity conserving measures at the end of life must be guided by the patient’s concept of dignity. This SSR in SEBA posits that such personalised culturally sensitive, and timely support of patients, their family and loved ones may be possible through the early and longitudinal application of a RToP based tool. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12904-022-01004-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Zi Yuan Chua
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Elaine Li Ying Quah
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Yun Xue Lim
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Chloe Keyi Goh
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Jieyu Lim
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Darius Wei Jun Wan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Simone Meiqi Ong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Chi Sum Chong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Kennan Zhi Guang Yeo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Laura Shih Hui Goh
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Ray Meng See
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Alexia Sze Inn Lee
- Division of Cancer Education, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Yun Ting Ong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Min Chiam
- Division of Cancer Education, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Eng Koon Ong
- Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.,Division of Cancer Education, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Jamie Xuelian Zhou
- Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Crystal Lim
- Medical Social Services, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Rd, Singapore, 169608, Singapore
| | - Simon Yew Kuang Ong
- Division of Cancer Education, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Lalit Krishna
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. .,Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore. .,Division of Cancer Education, 11 Hospital Crescent, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore. .,Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. .,Academic Palliative Care Unit, United Kingdom Cancer Research Centre, University of Liverpool, University of Liverpool, 200 London Rd, Liverpool, L3 9TA, UK. .,Centre of Biomedical Ethics, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119077, Singapore. .,The Palliative Care Centre for Excellence in Research and Education, PalC c/o Dover Park Hospice, 10 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308436, Singapore.
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Ong SM, Saeki K, Kok MK, Tanaka Y, Choisunirachon N, Yoshitake R, Nishimura R, Nakagawa T. Anti-tumour efficacy of etoposide alone and in combination with piroxicam against canine osteosarcoma in a xenograft model. Res Vet Sci 2017; 113:130-135. [PMID: 28957780 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) in dogs is locally invasive and highly malignant. Distant metastasis is the most common cause of death. To date, the survival rate in dogs with OSA remains poor. The cytotoxic effects of etoposide against canine OSA cell lines, either alone or in combination with piroxicam, have been previously demonstrated in vitro. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-tumour effect of etoposide alone and in combination with piroxicam on canine OSA using murine models. Etoposide single agent treatment significantly delayed tumour progression with a marked reduction in Ki-67 immunoreactivity in tumour tissue. Concomitant treatment with piroxicam did not enhance the anti-tumour efficacy of etoposide. Etoposide single agent treatment and combination treatment with piroxicam down-regulated survivin expression, but was not followed by increased apoptotic activity. These findings indicate that etoposide might be a promising novel therapeutic for canine OSA. Further investigations into its potential for clinical application in veterinary oncology are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - K Saeki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - M K Kok
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - N Choisunirachon
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - R Yoshitake
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - R Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - T Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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Ong SM, Saeki K, Tanaka Y, Nishimura R, Nakagawa T. Effects of etoposide alone and in combination with piroxicam on canine osteosarcoma cell lines. Vet J 2016; 218:51-59. [PMID: 27938709 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common primary bone tumour in dogs. The poor survival rate in dogs with OSA highlights the need for new therapeutic approaches. This study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of etoposide, alone and in combination with piroxicam, on canine OSA cell cultures. Etoposide alone significantly suppressed cell growth and viability, whereas etoposide in combination with piroxicam exhibited concentration dependent cytotoxicity. The anti-proliferative effect was a result of inactivity of the Cdc2-cyclin B1 complex, which correlated with an increase in the G2/M fraction. This subsequently activated the apoptosis cascade, as indicated by elevated apoptosis levels and up-regulation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase proteolytic cleavage. Down-regulation of survivin expression induced by the combination treatment may have contributed to the enhanced cytotoxicity. The results of this study suggest that further investigation of etoposide and piroxicam as a therapeutic combination for canine OSA is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - K Saeki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - R Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - T Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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Saeki K, Watanabe M, Tsuboi M, Sugano S, Yoshitake R, Tanaka Y, Ong SM, Saito T, Matsumoto K, Fujita N, Nishimura R, Nakagawa T. Anti-tumour effect of metformin in canine mammary gland tumour cells. Vet J 2015; 205:297-304. [PMID: 25981932 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Metformin is an oral hypoglycaemic drug used in type 2 diabetes. Its pharmacological activity reportedly involves mitochondrial respiratory complex I, and mitochondrial respiratory complex inhibitors have a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of metastatic canine mammary gland tumour (CMGT) cell lines. It is hypothesised that metformin has selective anti-tumour effects on metastatic CMGT cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of metformin on cell growth, production of ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in two CMGT clonal cell lines with different metastatic potential. In addition, transcriptome analysis was used to determine cellular processes disrupted by metformin and in vivo anti-tumour effects were examined in a mouse xenograft model. Metformin inhibited CMGT cell growth in vitro, with the metastatic clone (CHMp-5b) displaying greater sensitivity. ATP depletion and ROS elevation were observed to a similar extent in the metastatic and non-metastatic (CHMp-13a) cell lines after metformin exposure. However, subsequent AMPK activation and mTOR pathway inhibition were prominent only in metformin-insensitive non-metastatic cells. Microarray analysis revealed inhibition of cell cycle progression by metformin treatment in CHMp-5b cells, which was further confirmed by Western blotting and cell cycle analysis. Additionally, metformin significantly suppressed tumour growth in xenografted metastatic CMGT cells. In conclusion, metformin exhibited an anti-tumour effect in metastatic CMGT cells through AMPK-independent cell cycle arrest. Its mechanism of action differed in the non-metastatic clone, where AMPK activation and mTOR inhibition were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Saeki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - M Watanabe
- Department of Medical Genome Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - M Tsuboi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - S Sugano
- Department of Medical Genome Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - R Yoshitake
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - S M Ong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - T Saito
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - K Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - N Fujita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - R Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - T Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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Ong SM, Voo LYC, Lai NS, Stark MJR, Ho CC. Screening and characterization of microbial inhibitors against eukaryotic protein phosphatases (PP1 and PP2A). J Appl Microbiol 2007; 102:680-92. [PMID: 17309617 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03135.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify novel microbial inhibitors of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). METHODS AND RESULTS 750 actinomycetes and 408 microfungi were isolated from Sabah forest soils and screened for production of potential PP1 inhibitors using an in vivo screening system, in which candidate inhibitors were identified through mimicking the properties of PP1-deficient yeast cells. Acetone extracts of two fungi, H9318 (Penicillium) and H9978 (non-Penicillium) identified in this way showed inhibitory activity towards both mammalian PP1 and PP2A in an in vitro phosphatase assay, while extract from H7520 (Streptomyces) inhibited PP2A but not PP1. Consistently, using a drug-induced haploinsufficiency test, strains with either reduced PP1 or PP2A function were hypersensitive to H9318 and H9978 extracts whereas only the latter strain showed hypersensitivity to H7250 extract. H9318 extract was fractionated using RP-HPLC into two active peaks (S1 and S2). A yeast strain with reduced PP1 function showed hypersensitivity to fraction S2 whereas a strain with reduced PP2A function was hypersensitive to fraction S1. However, S1 and S2 inhibited both PP1 and PP2A activities to a similar extent. CONCLUSION Three candidate PP inhibitors have been identified. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Further development may generate useful research tools and ultimately therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ong
- Biotechnology Program, School of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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Ibrahim T, Ong SM, Taylor GJS. Response from the authors. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2004. [DOI: 10.1308/1478708041091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Der Tavitian J, Ong SM, Taub NA, Taylor GJS. Body-exhaust suit versus occlusive clothing. A randomised, prospective trial using air and wound bacterial counts. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2003; 85:490-4. [PMID: 12793550 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.85b4.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We randomly allocated 50 total knee replacements to scrub teams wearing body-exhaust suits (BES) or Rotecno occlusive clothing. The effectiveness of the clothing was assessed using air andwound bacterial counts. Bacteria were recovered from 62% of wounds (64% BES, 60% Rotecno). The mean air count was 0.5 CFU/ m3 with BES and 1.0 CFU/m3 with Rotecno (p = 0.014). The mean wound counts were 14 bacteria/wound with BES and eight bacteria/wound with Rotecno (p = 0.171). There was no correlation between the air and wound counts (r = -0.011, Spearman's). The higher air counts suggest that Rotecno occlusive clothing is less effective than BES, but wounds were equally contaminated with both types of clothing suggesting that at very low levels of air contamination the contribution of bacteria to the wound from the air is irrelevant. Even doubling the air counts from 0.5 to 1.0 CFU/m3 had no detectable effect on the wound. This allows a reassessment to be made of other sources of contamination the effect of which would previously have been overwhelmed by contamination from air.
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Ong SM, Taylor GJS. Doxycycline inhibits bone resorption by human interface membrane cells from aseptically loose hip replacements. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2003; 85:456-61. [PMID: 12729128 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.85b3.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may have a role in the process of aseptic loosening. Doxycycline has been shown to inhibit MMPs. Our aim was to investigate the potential pharmacological effect of doxycycline on aseptic loosening. We used radiolabelled mouse calvariae cultured with human interface membrane cells from aseptically loosened hips. Bone resorption was confirmed in this model. The effect of doxycycline was assessed by culturing dead radiolabelled bone discs with cells from the interface membrane with doxycycline. The control group consisted of the same culture system without doxycycline. Supernatant 45calcium and the total 45calcium remaining in the bone discs at the completion of the culture were used to measure osteolysis. We found that doxycycline can inhibit osteolysis at the interface membrane of aseptically loosened hips. This may have therapeutic implications for the treatment of patients with aseptic loosening of total joint replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, England, UK
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