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da Silva SU, Gonçalves VSS, Barufaldi LA, de Carvalho KMB. Weight misperception and substance use: Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1850. [PMID: 36192717 PMCID: PMC9531377 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a crucial period for body image formation. Weight misperception is the discrepancy between individuals' body weight perception and their actual nutritional status. Both weight concerns and substance use are common among adolescents, and there is evidence of an associations between these two variables. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the association between weight misperception and substance use (smoking and alcohol) in a national sample of normal weight Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Data were obtained from the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, multicenter, national, school-based survey, carried out in 124 municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants from Brazil. The sample included adolescents aged 12-17 years, classified as normal weight by nutritional status evaluation. The following measures were collected: weight underestimation and overestimation (exposure); having tried cigarette smoking, current smoking, current alcohol consumption, binge drinking and current smoking and alcohol consumption(outcomes); macro-region, sex, type of school, and excessive screen time (confounders). The frequency of variables was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Poisson regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR). RESULTS In total, data from 53,447 adolescents were analyzed. Weight misperception was present in a third of the adolescents, with similar prevalence of weight underestimation and overestimation. In adolescents aged 12-14 years, weight underestimation and overestimation were associated with having tried cigarette smoking (PR: 1.18 and 1.43, respectively), current alcohol consumption (PR: 1.33 for both weight misperception categories), and binge drinking (PR: 1.96 and 2.01, respectively). Weight underestimation was associated with both having tried cigarette smoking and current alcohol consumption in boys (PR: 1.14 and 1.16, respectively) and girls (PR: 1.32 and 1.15, respectively). In girls, weight overestimation was associated with all substance use variables (PR between 1.19 and 1.41). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed an association between weight misperception and having tried cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and binge drinking in younger adolescents. In addition, weight overestimation was associated with all substance use indicators in girls. Based on our findings, interventions aimed to improve weight perception in normal weight adolescents may contribute to the reduction of substance use in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simoni Urbano da Silva
- Graduate Program of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
| | | | - Laura Augusta Barufaldi
- Population Research Division, Brazilian National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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da Silva SU, Alves MDA, de Vasconcelos FDAG, Gonçalves VSS, Barufaldi LA, de Carvalho KMB. Association between body weight misperception and dietary patterns in Brazilian adolescents: Cross-sectional study using ERICA data. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257603. [PMID: 34555063 PMCID: PMC8460023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between body image and eating behaviors or weight control strategies has been demonstrated in the scientific literature, but there is a lack of evidence on the association between weight misperception and food consumption indicators in adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the association between weight misperception and dietary patterns (DPs) in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). It was a national school-based cross-sectional study conducted among students aged 12–17 years. Data were collected in the form of anthropometric measurements, responses in self-answered questionnaires, and 24-h dietary recall. The following variables were assessed: weight underestimation and overestimation (independent variables), which were defined as the presence of a disagreement between nutritional status and self-perceived weight; dietary patterns (dependent variables), defined by a posteriori method using principal component factor analysis; and individual and demographic variables (covariates). Data analysis was performed using the Poisson regression models method, stratified by sex. A total of 52,038 adolescents with normal weights were evaluated. The weight misperception prevalence was 34.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 33.0, 35.0). Three DPs were identified: “Traditional Brazilian,” “Processed meat sandwiches and coffee,” and “Ultra-processed and sweet foods.” In girls, weight underestimation was directly associated with the “Traditional Brazilian” (1.24; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.43) and “Ultra-processed and sweet foods” DPs (1.29; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.54), and overestimation was inversely associated with all the DPs. In boys, a direct association between underestimation and the “Ultra-processed and sweet foods” DP (1.29; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.51) was found. Overestimation was inversely associated with the “Traditional Brazilian” DP (0.79; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.99). The inverse association between overestimation and the “Traditional Brazilian” DP, and the direct association between underestimation and the “Ultra-processed and sweet foods” DP indicated that weight misperception was related to unhealthy eating habits in Brazilian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simoni Urbano da Silva
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Graduate Program of Public Health, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Mariane de Almeida Alves
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Laura Augusta Barufaldi
- Population Research Division, Brazilian National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Oliveira-Campos M, Oliveira MMD, Silva SUD, Santos MAS, Barufaldi LA, Oliveira PPVD, Andrade SCDA, Andreazzi MARD, Moura LD, Malta DC, Souza MDFMD. Risk and protection factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases in adolescents in Brazilian capitals. Rev Bras Epidemiol 2018; 21:e180002. [PMID: 30517453 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720180002.supl.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze trend estimates on the prevalence of risk and protective behaviors for chronic noncommunicable diseases in adolescents, according to data from the National School Health Survey in 2009, 2012 and 2015. METHODS Data from the three cross-sectional studies in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District were used. In total, 173,310 adolescents enrolled in the ninth grade of elementary school were interviewed, with average age of 14 years. The prevalence of indicators of protective (consumption of beans and fruit; physical education classes at school; practice of physical activity for 60 minutes or more) and risk factors (consumption of candies and soft drinks; use of cigarettes and alcohol in the last 30 days; drug testing) were estimated through linear regression. RESULTS There was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the prevalence of fruit consumption and in the reduction of bean, soft drinks and candies consumption, as well as the consumption of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes. However, an increase in the prevalence of illicit drug experimentation was observed. Discussion: Despite the tendency to reduce risk factors, prevalences are high when compared with other sociocultural realities. CONCLUSION The school is an important area of access to the adolescent public, and it is necessary to encourage school health promotion programs to reduce health risk behaviors, as well as to stimulate protective ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryane Oliveira-Campos
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde - Brasília (DF), Brasil
| | - Max Moura de Oliveira
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo (SP), Brasil
| | - Simoni Urbano da Silva
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde - Brasília (DF), Brasil
| | - Maria Aline Siqueira Santos
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde - Brasília (DF), Brasil
| | - Laura Augusta Barufaldi
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde - Brasília (DF), Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil
| | - Maria de Fátima Marinho de Souza
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde - Brasília (DF), Brasil
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Maia EG, Silva LESD, Santos MAS, Barufaldi LA, Silva SUD, Claro RM. Dietary patterns, sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics among Brazilian adolescents. Rev Bras Epidemiol 2018; 21:e180009. [PMID: 30517460 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720180009.supl.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inadequate dietary patterns in childhood and adolescence are a major risk factor for the early onset of obesity and other chronic diseases. OBJECTIVES To identify and to analyze dietary patterns among Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Data from the Brazilian National School Health Survey (PeNSE) of 2015 were used (n = 10,926 adolescents). The identification and analyses of dietary patterns were calculated using principal component analysis and linear regression, respectively. RESULTS Two dietary patterns were identified. The first one was characterized by the presence of markers of unhealthy eating, and the second one by markers of healthy eating. The adherence to the unhealthy pattern was positively associated with female adolescents, which mothers had completed, at least, the elementary school, residents in developed regions and urban areas, as well as those students who usually chose to skip breakfast, to not have meals with their parents/guardians, and who usually had meals while watching TV/studying, and at fast food restaurants. DISCUSSION Analyses of the consumption of isolated food groups, which do not consider the diet in all its complexity, have been insufficient in explaining the main outcomes of the public health nutrition area. CONCLUSION Our findings contributed to the identification of the most vulnerable population groups to unhealthy dietary patterns and to the understanding of the coexistence of different food habit determinants among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuella Gomes Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil
| | - Luiza Eunice Sá da Silva
- Curso de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil
| | - Maria Aline Siqueira Santos
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde - Brasília (DF), Brasil
| | - Laura Augusta Barufaldi
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde - Brasília (DF), Brasil
| | - Simoni Urbano da Silva
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde - Brasília (DF), Brasil
| | - Rafael Moreira Claro
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil
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Silva SUD, Barufaldi LA, Andrade SSCDA, Santos MAS, Claro RM. Nutritional status, body image, and their association with extreme weight control behaviors among Brazilian adolescents, National Adolescent Student Health Survey 2015. Rev Bras Epidemiol 2018; 21:e180011. [PMID: 30517462 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720180011.supl.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to analyze the association between nutritional status, body image perception, and extreme weight control behaviors among adolescents. METHODS This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted in Brazil based on the National Adolescent Student Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar - PeNSE) of 2015, with adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. Nutritional status and body image perception were the independent variables. The two dependent variables were vomiting or laxative use and use of medicines and other formulas for weight control in the 30 days prior to data collection. We used Poisson regression models for association, with demographic variables for control. RESULTS 7.4% of adolescents (95%CI 6.7 - 8.2) reported vomiting or using laxatives, with no difference between genders. The prevalence of use of medicines and formulas was higher among boys (7.8%; 95%CI 6.6 - 8.9). The association between nutritional status and extreme behaviors was not significant. However, the prevalence of vomiting or laxative use for adolescents who considered themselves very fat was 2.3 (95%CI 1.1 - 4.7) times higher for boys and 5.3 (95%CI 3.3 - 8.6) times higher for girls, while the use of medicines and formulas was 4.0 (95%CI 2.3 - 7.1) times higher for girls who considered themselves very fat. CONCLUSION Body image perception seems to have a greater influence on extreme behaviors than nutritional status. Strategies involving health services and schools have great potential to impact the self-esteem and health of students positively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simoni Urbano da Silva
- Departamento de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde - Brasília (DF), Brasil
| | - Laura Augusta Barufaldi
- Divisão de Pesquisa Populacional, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA) - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brasil
| | | | - Maria Aline Siqueira Santos
- Departamento de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde - Brasília (DF), Brasil
| | - Rafael Moreira Claro
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil
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Silva SUD, Monego ET, Sousa LMD, Almeida GMD. [Food and nutrition education actions and the nutritionist within the scope of the National School Food Program]. Cien Saude Colet 2018; 23:2671-2681. [PMID: 30137136 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018238.19642016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The National School Food Program (NSFP) recommends the promotion of healthy eating habits by offering meals along with food and nutrition education (FNE) actions. The objective of this study was to identify the FNE in the NSFP and its relationship with the nutritionist's profile. It involved an analytical, cross-sectional study conducted in cities in the state of of Goiás, Brazil. Data was collected by telephone, and the association between the outcome variable (achievement of FNE actions) and exposure (school population and nutritionist performance) was done by Pearson's chi-square test of with a 5% significance level. In this study, 214 (87%) municipalities were included, among which, 91.1% promote FNE actions with predominantly biannual frequency (25.3% in schools and 23.2% in day care centers). The nutritionist presence was associated to the FNE (p = 0.001). FNE actions are performed in most municipalities, however with low frequency. The association indicates the relevance of a nutritionist present in conditions that heed the legislation, enabling the performance of their duties, as defined by the Legal Framework of the NSFP and the Federal Council of Nutritionists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simoni Urbano da Silva
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Goiás. Rua 227 Qd. 68/s/nº, Setor Leste Universitário. 74605-080 Goiânia GO Brasil.
| | - Estelamaris Tronco Monego
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Goiás. Rua 227 Qd. 68/s/nº, Setor Leste Universitário. 74605-080 Goiânia GO Brasil.
| | - Lucilene Maria de Sousa
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Goiás. Rua 227 Qd. 68/s/nº, Setor Leste Universitário. 74605-080 Goiânia GO Brasil.
| | - Géssica Mercia de Almeida
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Goiás. Rua 227 Qd. 68/s/nº, Setor Leste Universitário. 74605-080 Goiânia GO Brasil.
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Sousa LMD, Martins KA, Cordeiro MDM, Monego ET, Silva SUD, Alexandre VP. Alimentação escolar nas comunidades quilombolas: desafios e potencialidades. Ciênc saúde coletiva 2013; 18:987-92. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-81232013000400011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) é uma estratégia de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN) para estudantes de escolas públicas. Este artigo tem por objetivos discutir os desafios e as potencialidades da alimentação escolar nas comunidades quilombolas e relatar a experiência do Centro Colaborador em Alimentação e Nutrição do Escolar da Universidade Federal de Goiás e Região Centro-Oeste (CECANE UFG/Centro-Oeste). Relato de experiência associado à sistematização da literatura sobre o PNAE, SAN e outras políticas. O acesso permanente e adequado às políticas sociais é um desafio para as comunidades quilombolas. Identificam-se na execução do PNAE entraves de ordem econômica, estrutural e social. Neste contexto, a Lei 11.947/2009 incentiva o desenvolvimento local, por meio da aquisição de alimentos da região e determina valor per capita diferenciado, traduzido em cardápio com alimentos da cultura negra e que atenda no mínimo 30% das necessidades nutricionais diárias. O CECANE UFG/Centro-Oeste no projeto alimentação, saúde e qualidade de vida de escolares quilombolas realiza ações em SAN. O campo da alimentação escolar mostra-se sensível às necessidades locais e apoia o desenvolvimento e a promoção da qualidade de vida.
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