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Pangua C, Espuelas S, Martínez-Ohárriz MC, Vizmanos JL, Irache JM. Mucus-penetrating and permeation enhancer albumin-based nanoparticles for oral delivery of macromolecules: Application to bevacizumab. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:1189-1205. [PMID: 37880504 PMCID: PMC10984897 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The oral administration of therapeutic proteins copes with important challenges (mainly degradation and poor absorption) making their potential therapeutic application extremely difficult. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate the potential of the combination between mucus-permeating nanoparticles and permeation enhancers as a carrier for the oral delivery of the monoclonal antibody bevacizumab, used as a model of therapeutic protein. For this purpose, bevacizumab was encapsulated in PEG-coated albumin nanoparticles as a hydrophobic ion-pairing complex with either sodium deoxycholate (DS) or sodium docusate (DOCU). In both cases, complex formation efficiencies close to 90% were found. The incorporation of either DS or DOCU in PEG-coated nanoparticles significantly increased their mean size, particularly when DOCU was used. Moreover, the diffusion in mucus of DOCU-loaded nanoparticles was significantly reduced, compared with DS ones. In a C. elegans model, DS or DOCU (free or nanoencapsulated) disrupted the intestinal epithelial integrity, but the overall survival of the worms was not affected. In rats, the relative oral bioavailability of bevacizumab incorporated in PEG-coated nanoparticles as a complex with DS (B-DS-NP-P) was 3.7%, a 1000-fold increase compared to free bevacizumab encapsulated in nanoparticles (B-NP-P). This important effect of DS may be explained not only by its capability to transiently disrupt tight junctions but also to their ability to increase the fluidity of membranes and to inhibit cytosolic and brush border enzymes. In summary, the current strategy may be useful to allow the therapeutic use of orally administered proteins, including monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Pangua
- NANO-VAC Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- NANO-VAC Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - José Luis Vizmanos
- Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan M Irache
- NANO-VAC Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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2
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Henriquez-Figuereo A, Alcon M, Moreno E, Sanmartín C, Espuelas S, Lucio HD, Jiménez-Ruiz A, Plano D. Next generation of selenocyanate and diselenides with upgraded leishmanicidal activity. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106624. [PMID: 37295238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, leishmaniasis is still treated with outdated drugs that present several obstacles related to their high toxicity, long duration, parenteral administration, high costs and drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent demand for safer and more effective novel drugs. Previous studies indicated that selenium compounds are promising derivatives for innovative therapy in leishmaniasis treatment. With this background, a new library of 20 selenocyanate and diselenide derivatives were designed based on structural features present in the leishmanicidal drug miltefosine. Compounds were initially screened against promastigotes of L. major and L. infantum and their cytotoxicity was evaluated in THP-1 cells. Compounds B8 and B9 were the most potent and less cytotoxic and were further screened for the intracellular back transformation assay. The results obtained revealed that B8 and B9 showed EC50 values of 7.7 µM and 5.7 µM, respectively, in L. major amastigotes, while they presented values of 6.0 µM and 7.4 µM, respectively, against L. infantum amastigotes. Furthermore, they exerted high selectivity (60 < SI > 70) towards bone marrow-derived macrophages. Finally, these compounds exhibited higher TryR inhibitory activity than mepacrine (IC50 7.6 and 9.2 µM, respectively), and induced nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in macrophages. These results suggest that the compounds B8 and B9 could not only exert a direct leishmanicidal activity against the parasite but also present an indirect action by activating the microbicidal arsenal of the macrophage. Overall, these new generation of diselenides could constitute promising leishmanicidal drug candidates for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreina Henriquez-Figuereo
- University of Navarra, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Pamplona, Spain; Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, ISTUN, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Alcon
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- University of Navarra, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Pamplona, Spain; Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, ISTUN, Pamplona, Spain; IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- University of Navarra, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Pamplona, Spain; Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, ISTUN, Pamplona, Spain; IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- University of Navarra, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Pamplona, Spain; Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, ISTUN, Pamplona, Spain; IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Héctor de Lucio
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Jiménez-Ruiz
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- University of Navarra, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Pamplona, Spain; Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, ISTUN, Pamplona, Spain; IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
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3
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Calvo-Martín G, Plano D, Martínez-Sáez N, Aydillo C, Moreno E, Espuelas S, Sanmartín C. Norbornene and Related Structures as Scaffolds in the Search for New Cancer Treatments. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121465. [PMID: 36558915 PMCID: PMC9780886 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The norbornene scaffold has arisen as a promising structure in medicinal chemistry due to its possible therapeutic application in cancer treatment. The development of norbornene-based derivatives as potential chemotherapeutic agents is attracting significant attention. Here, we report an unprecedented review on the recent advances of investigations into the antitumoral efficacy of different compounds, including the abovementioned bicyclic scaffold in their structure, in combination with chemotherapeutic agents or forming metal complexes. The impact that structural modifications to these bicyclic compounds have on the antitumoral properties and the mechanisms by which these norbornene derivatives act are discussed in this review. In addition, the use of norbornene, and its related compounds, encapsulation in nanosystems for its use in cancer therapies is here detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorka Calvo-Martín
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (C.A.); Tel.: +34-948425600 (ext. 806358) (D.P.); +34-948425600 (ext. 803183) (C.A.)
| | - Nuria Martínez-Sáez
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Aydillo
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (C.A.); Tel.: +34-948425600 (ext. 806358) (D.P.); +34-948425600 (ext. 803183) (C.A.)
| | - Esther Moreno
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
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El-Dirany R, Fernández-Rubio C, Peña-Guerrero J, Moreno E, Larrea E, Espuelas S, Abdel-Sater F, Brandenburg K, Martínez-de-Tejada G, Nguewa P. Repurposing the Antibacterial Agents Peptide 19-4LF and Peptide 19-2.5 for Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112528. [PMID: 36432719 PMCID: PMC9697117 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of safe and cost-effective treatments against leishmaniasis highlights the urgent need to develop improved leishmanicidal agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an emerging category of therapeutics exerting a wide range of biological activities such as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-parasitic and anti-tumoral. In the present study, the approach of repurposing AMPs as antileishmanial drugs was applied. The leishmanicidal activity of two synthetic anti-lipopolysaccharide peptides (SALPs), so-called 19-2.5 and 19-4LF was characterized in Leishmania major. In vitro, both peptides were highly active against intracellular Leishmania major in mouse macrophages without exerting toxicity in host cells. Then, q-PCR-based gene profiling, revealed that this activity was related to the downregulation of several genes involved in drug resistance (yip1), virulence (gp63) and parasite proliferation (Cyclin 1 and Cyclin 6). Importantly, the treatment of BALB/c mice with any of the two AMPs caused a significant reduction in L. major infective burden. This effect was associated with an increase in Th1 cytokine levels (IL-12p35, TNF-α, and iNOS) in the skin lesion and spleen of the L. major infected mice while the Th2-associated genes were downregulated (IL-4 and IL-6). Lastly, we investigated the effect of both peptides in the gene expression profile of the P2X7 purinergic receptor, which has been reported as a therapeutic target in several diseases. The results showed significant repression of P2X7R by both peptides in the skin lesion of L. major infected mice to an extent comparable to that of a common anti-leishmanial drug, Paromomycin. Our in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that the synthetic AMPs 19-2.5 and 19-4LF are promising candidates for leishmaniasis treatment and present P2X7R as a potential therapeutic target in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima El-Dirany
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon
| | - Celia Fernández-Rubio
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - José Peña-Guerrero
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Esther Larrea
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Fadi Abdel-Sater
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon
| | - Klaus Brandenburg
- Brandenburg Antiinfektiva GmbH, c/o Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz Lungenzentrum, 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Guillermo Martínez-de-Tejada
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Paul Nguewa
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Correspondence:
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5
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Calvo A, Moreno E, Aldalur I, Sanmartín C, Larrea E, González-Peñas E, Irache JM, Espuelas S. OUP accepted manuscript. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:1072-1081. [PMID: 35086139 PMCID: PMC9000957 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives More effective topical treatments remain an unmet need for the localized forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a topical berberine cream in BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania major parasites. Methods A cream containing 0.5% berberine-β-glycerophosphate salt and 2.5% menthol was prepared. Its physicochemical and stability properties were determined. The cream was evaluated for its capacity to reduce lesion size and parasitic load as well as to promote wound healing after twice-a-day administration for 35 days. Clinical biochemical profile was used for estimating off-target effects. In vitro time-to-kill curves in L. major-infected macrophages and skin and plasma pharmacokinetics were determined, aiming to establish pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships. Results The cream was stable at 40°C for 3 months and at 4°C for at least 8 months. It was able to halt lesion progression in all treated mice. At the end of treatment, parasite load in the skin was reduced by 99.9% (4 log) and genes involved in the wound healing process were up-regulated compared with untreated mice. The observed effects were higher than expected from in vitro time-to-kill kinetic and plasma berberine concentrations, which ranged between 0.07 and 0.22 μM. Conclusions The twice-a-day administration of a topical berberine cream was safe, able to stop parasite progression and improved the appearance of skin CL lesions. The relationship between drug plasma levels and in vivo effect was unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Calvo
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irati Aldalur
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Larrea
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena González-Peñas
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Irache
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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6
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Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena M, Moreno E, Carvalheiro M, Calvo A, Navarro-Blasco I, González-Peñas E, Álvarez-Galindo JI, Plano D, Irache JM, Almeida AJ, Sanmartín C, Espuelas S. Oral Efficacy of a Diselenide Compound Loaded in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers in a Murine Model of Visceral Leishmaniasis. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:3197-3209. [PMID: 34767359 PMCID: PMC8675869 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis urgently needs new oral treatments, as it is one of the most important neglected tropical diseases that affects people with poor resources. The drug discovery pipeline for oral administration currently discards entities with poor aqueous solubility and permeability (class IV compounds in the Biopharmaceutical Classification System, BCS) such as the diselenide 2m, a trypanothione reductase (TR) inhibitor. This work was assisted by glyceryl palmitostearate and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether-based nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) to render 2m bioavailable and effective after its oral administration. The loading of 2m in NLC drastically enhanced its intestinal permeability and provided plasmatic levels higher than its effective concentration (IC50). In L. infantum-infected BALB/c mice, 2m-NLC reduced the parasite burden in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow by at least 95% after 5 doses, demonstrating similar efficacy as intravenous Fungizone. Overall, compound 2m and its formulation merit further investigation as an oral treatment for visceral leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena
- Institute
of Tropical Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry,
School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University
of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- Institute
of Tropical Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry,
School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University
of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Manuela Carvalheiro
- Research
Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alba Calvo
- Institute
of Tropical Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry,
School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University
of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iñigo Navarro-Blasco
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences, University
of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena González-Peñas
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and
Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Plano
- Institute
of Tropical Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry,
School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University
of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan M. Irache
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and
Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Almeida
- Research
Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Institute
of Tropical Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry,
School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University
of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Institute
of Tropical Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry,
School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University
of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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7
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Huarte J, Espuelas S, Martínez-Oharriz C, Irache JM. Nanoparticles from Gantrez-based conjugates for the oral delivery of camptothecin. Int J Pharm X 2021; 3:100104. [PMID: 34825166 PMCID: PMC8604667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2021.100104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) exhibits a number of challenges for its oral administration, including a low aqueous solubility, a lactone ring susceptible to hydrolysis, and an affinity to the intestinal P-gp. The aim of this work was to evaluate nanoparticles from Gantrez-based conjugates as carriers for the oral delivery of CPT. For this purpose two different conjugates (G-mPEG and G-HPCD), obtained by the covalent binding of either HP-β-CD or methoxy-PEG (m-PEG) to the polymer backbone of Gantrez™ AN, were synthetized and characterized. Both excipients (m-PEG and HPCD) were selected due to their reported abilities to stabilize the lactone ring of CPT and disturb the effect of intestinal P-gp. The resulting nanoparticles (G-mPEG-NP and G-HPCD-NP) presented a similar size (about 200 nm) and zeta potential (close to −35 mV); although, G-mPEG-NP presented a higher CPT payload than G-HPCD-NP. On the contrary, in rats, nanoparticles based on Gantrez conjugates appeared to be capable of crossing the protective mucus layer and reach the intestinal epithelium, whereas conventional Gantrez nanoparticles displayed a mucoadhesive profile. Finally, the pharmacokinetic study revealed that both formulations were able to enhance the relative oral bioavailability of CPT; although this value was found to be 2.6-times higher for G-mPEG-NP than for G-HPCD-NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Huarte
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Spain
| | | | - Juan M Irache
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Spain
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8
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Calvo A, Moreno E, Clemente U, Pérez E, Larrea E, Sanmartín C, Irache JM, Espuelas S. Changes in the nanoparticle uptake and distribution caused by an intramacrophagic parasitic infection. Nanoscale 2021; 13:17486-17503. [PMID: 34651151 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03797h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates if visceral leishmaniasis (VL) infection has some effects on the organ and cellular uptake and distribution of 100-200 nm near-infrared fluorescently labelled non-biodegradable polystyrene latex beads (PS NPs) or biodegradable polylactic-co-glycolic nanoparticles (PLGA NPs), as this parasitic infection produces morphological alterations in liver, spleen and bone marrow, organs highly involved in NP sequestration. The results showed that the magnitude of the effect was specific for each organ and type of NP. With the exception of the liver, the general trend was a decrease in NP organ and cellular uptake, mostly due to immune cell mobilization and/or weight organ gain, as vascular permeability was increased. Moreover, NPs redistributed among different phagocytic cells to adapt infection associated changes and cellular alterations. In the liver, it is noteworthy that only isolated Kuffer cells (KCs) captured NPs, whereas they were not taken up by KC forming granulomas. In the spleen, NPs redistributed from macrophages and dendritic cells towards B cells and inflammatory monocytes although they maintained their preferential accumulation in the marginal zone and red pulp. Comparatively, the infection rarely affected the NP cellular distribution in the bone marrow. NP cellular target changes in VL infection could affect their therapeutic efficacy and should be considered for more efficient drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Calvo
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Unai Clemente
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enma Pérez
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Larrea
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Irache
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
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9
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Martín-Escolano R, Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena M, Martín-Escolano J, Plano D, Rosales MJ, Espuelas S, Moreno E, Sánchez-Moreno M, Sanmartín C, Marín C. Selenium Derivatives as Promising Therapy for Chagas Disease: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:1727-1738. [PMID: 33871252 PMCID: PMC8480776 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a tropical infection caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and a global public health concern. It is a paradigmatic example of a chronic disease without an effective treatment. Current treatments targeting T. cruzi are limited to two obsolete nitroheterocyclic drugs, benznidazole and nifurtimox, which lead to serious drawbacks. Hence, new, more effective, safer, and affordable drugs are urgently needed. Selenium and their derivatives have emerged as an interesting strategy for the treatment of different prozotoan diseases, such as African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and malaria. In the case of Chagas disease, diverse selenium scaffolds have been reported with antichagasic activity in vitro and in vivo. On the basis of these premises, we describe the in vitro and in vivo trypanocidal activity of 41 selenocompounds against the three morphological forms of different T. cruzi strains. For the most active selenocompounds, their effect on the metabolic and mitochondrial levels and superoxide dismutase enzyme inhibition capacity were measured in order to determine the possible mechanism of action. Derivative 26, with a selenocyanate motif, fulfills the most stringent in vitro requirements for potential antichagasic agents and exhibits a better profile than benznidazole in vivo. This finding provides a step forward for the development of a new antichagasic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Martín-Escolano
- Laboratory of Molecular & Evolutionary Parasitology, RAPID group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mikel Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena
- Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra (ISTUN), Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Martín-Escolano
- Servicio de Microbiologia Clinica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación, Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra (ISTUN), Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María J. Rosales
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. Granada), Hospitales Universitarios De Granada/University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra (ISTUN), Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra (ISTUN), Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Moreno
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. Granada), Hospitales Universitarios De Granada/University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra (ISTUN), Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Clotilde Marín
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. Granada), Hospitales Universitarios De Granada/University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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10
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Martín-Escolano R, Molina-Carreño D, Plano D, Espuelas S, Rosales MJ, Moreno E, Aydillo C, Sanmartín C, Sánchez-Moreno M, Marín C. Library of Selenocyanate and Diselenide Derivatives as In Vivo Antichagasic Compounds Targeting Trypanosoma cruzi Mitochondrion. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050419. [PMID: 34062791 PMCID: PMC8147293 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is usually caused by tropical infection with the insect-transmitted protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Currently, Chagas disease is a major public health concern worldwide due to globalization, and there are no treatments neither vaccines because of the long-term nature of the disease and its complex pathology. Current treatments are limited to two obsolete drugs, benznidazole and nifurtimox, which lead to serious drawbacks. Taking into account the urgent need for strict research efforts to find new therapies, here, we describe the in vitro and in vivo trypanocidal activity of a library of selected forty-eight selenocyanate and diselenide derivatives that exhibited leishmanicidal properties. The inclusion of selenium, an essential trace element, was due to the well-known extensive pharmacological activities for selenium compounds including parasitic diseases as T. cruzi. Here we present compound 8 as a potential compound that exhibits a better profile than benznidazole both in vitro and in vivo. It shows a fast-acting behaviour that could be attributed to its mode of action: it acts in a mitochondrion-dependent manner, causing cell death by bioenergetic collapse. This finding provides a step forward for the development of a new antichagasic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Martín-Escolano
- Laboratory of Molecular & Evolutionary Parasitology, RAPID Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK
- Correspondence: (R.M.-E.); (C.M.)
| | - Daniel Molina-Carreño
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (D.M.-C.); (M.J.R.); (M.S.-M.)
| | - Daniel Plano
- Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.P.); (S.E.); (E.M.); (C.A.); (C.S.)
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, ISTUN, Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNA) Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.P.); (S.E.); (E.M.); (C.A.); (C.S.)
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, ISTUN, Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNA) Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María J. Rosales
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (D.M.-C.); (M.J.R.); (M.S.-M.)
| | - Esther Moreno
- Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.P.); (S.E.); (E.M.); (C.A.); (C.S.)
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, ISTUN, Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNA) Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Aydillo
- Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.P.); (S.E.); (E.M.); (C.A.); (C.S.)
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, ISTUN, Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNA) Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.P.); (S.E.); (E.M.); (C.A.); (C.S.)
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Universidad de Navarra, ISTUN, Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNA) Irunlarrea, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Moreno
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (D.M.-C.); (M.J.R.); (M.S.-M.)
| | - Clotilde Marín
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (D.M.-C.); (M.J.R.); (M.S.-M.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.-E.); (C.M.)
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11
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Alcolea V, Moreno E, Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena M, Navarro-Blasco I, González-Peñas E, Jiménez-Ruiz A, Irache JM, Sanmartín C, Espuelas S. 3,5-Dimethyl-4-isoxazoyl selenocyanate as promising agent for the treatment of Leishmania infantum-infected mice. Acta Trop 2021; 215:105801. [PMID: 33352169 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Compounds 1 and 2 (selenocyanate and diselenide derivatives, respectively) were evaluated for their potential use in vivo against visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Both entities showed low cytoxicity in vitro in Vero and Caco-2 cell lines. However, the compounds were not suitable for their oral administration, since they exhibited poor values of intestinal permeability in vitro. Microsomal stability assays did not show any metabolite for compound 1 after 120 min, whereas 2 was highly metabolized by the enzyme CYP450. Thus, the in vivo efficacy of compound 1 was assessed in a murine model of L. infantum VL. The daily i.v. administration of 1 mg/kg of compound 1 during 5 consecutive days reduced parasite load in liver, spleen and bone marrow (99.2%, 91.7% and 61.4%, respectively) compared to non-treated mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a selenium compound has been tested in vivo against VL. Thus, this work evidences the possible usefulness of selenocyanate derivatives for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Alcolea
- Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mikel Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena
- Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iñigo Navarro-Blasco
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena González-Peñas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Juan Manuel Irache
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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12
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Calvo A, Moreno E, Larrea E, Sanmartín C, Irache JM, Espuelas S. Berberine-Loaded Liposomes for the Treatment of Leishmania infantum-Infected BALB/c Mice. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090858. [PMID: 32916948 PMCID: PMC7558179 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BER)—an anti-inflammatory quaternary isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from plants—has been reported to have a variety of biologic properties, including antileishmanial activity. This work addresses the preparation of BER-loaded liposomes with the aim to prevent its rapid liver metabolism and improve the drug selective delivery to the infected organs in visceral leishmaniasis (VL). BER liposomes (LP-BER) displayed a mean size of 120 nm, negative Z-potential of −38 mV and loaded 6 nmol/μmol lipid. In vitro, the loading of BER in liposomes enhanced its selectivity index more than 7-fold by decreasing its cytotoxicity to macrophages. In mice, LP-BER enhanced drug accumulation in the liver and the spleen. Consequently, the liposomal delivery of the drug reduced parasite burden in the liver and spleen by three and one logarithms (99.2 and 93.5%), whereas the free drug only decreased the infection in the liver by 1-log. The organ drug concentrations—far from IC50 values— indicate that BER immunomodulatory activity or drug metabolites also contribute to the efficacy. Although LP-BER decreased 10-fold—an extremely rapid clearance of the free drug in mice—the value remains very high. Moreover, LP-BER reduced plasma triglycerides levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Calvo
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (E.M.); (E.L.); (C.S.)
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Esther Moreno
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (E.M.); (E.L.); (C.S.)
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Larrea
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (E.M.); (E.L.); (C.S.)
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (E.M.); (E.L.); (C.S.)
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Irache
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (E.M.); (E.L.); (C.S.)
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948-425-600 (ext. 806310)
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13
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Garnica P, Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena M, Plano D, Moreno E, Espuelas S, Antonio Palop J, Jiménez-Ruiz A, Sanmartín C. Pre-clinical evidences of the antileishmanial effects of diselenides and selenocyanates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127371. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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14
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Angeli A, Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena M, Sanmartín C, Espuelas S, Moreno E, Azqueta A, Parkkila S, Carta F, Supuran CT. Tellurides Bearing Sulfonamides as Novel Inhibitors of Leishmanial Carbonic Anhydrase with Potent Antileishmanial Activity. J Med Chem 2020; 63:4306-4314. [PMID: 32223141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report for the first time a novel series of tellurides bearing sulfonamide as selective and potent inhibitors of the β-class carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) enzyme expressed in Leishmania donovani protozoa. Such derivatives showed high activity against axenic amastigotes, and among them, compound 5g (4-(((3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tellanyl)methyl)benzenesulfonamide) showed an IC50 of 0.02 μM being highly selective for the parasites over THP-1 cells with a selectivity index of 300. The in vitro and in vivo toxicity experiments showed compound 5g to possess a safe profile and thus paving the way for tellurium-containing compounds as novel drug entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.,Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mikel Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena
- School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Fimlab Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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15
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Moreno E, Calvo A, Schwartz J, Navarro-Blasco I, González-Peñas E, Sanmartín C, Irache JM, Espuelas S. Evaluation of Skin Permeation and Retention of Topical Dapsone in Murine Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Lesions. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E607. [PMID: 31766282 PMCID: PMC6920985 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral administration of dapsone (DAP) for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is effective, although serious hematological side effects limit its use. In this study, we evaluated this drug for the topical treatment of CL. As efficacy depends on potency and skin penetration, we first determined its antileishmanial activity (IC50 = 100 μM) and selectivity index in vitro against Leishmania major-infected macrophages. In order to evaluate the skin penetration ex vivo, we compared an O/W cream containing DAP that had been micronized with a pluronic lecithin emulgel, in which the drug was solubilized with diethylene glycol monoethyl ether. For both formulations we obtained similar low flux values that increased when the stratum corneum and the epidermis were removed. In vivo efficacy studies performed on L. major-infected BALB/c mice revealed that treatment not only failed to cure the lesions but made their evolution and appearance worse. High plasma drug levels were detected and were concomitant with anemia and iron accumulation in the spleen. This side effect was correlated with a reduction of parasite burden in this organ. Our results evidenced that DAP in these formulations does not have an adequate safety index for use in the topical therapy of CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Moreno
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (A.C.); (J.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alba Calvo
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (A.C.); (J.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
| | - Juana Schwartz
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (A.C.); (J.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
| | - Iñigo Navarro-Blasco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Elena González-Peñas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (A.C.); (J.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Irache
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (A.C.); (J.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.G.-P.); (J.M.I.)
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Ruiz-Gatón L, Espuelas S, Huarte J, Larrañeta E, Martin-Arbella N, Irache JM. Nanoparticles from Gantrez® AN-poly(ethylene glycol) conjugates as carriers for oral delivery of docetaxel. Int J Pharm 2019; 571:118699. [PMID: 31536764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The oral delivery of docetaxel (DTX) is challenging due to a low bioavailability, related to an important pre-systemic metabolism. With the aim of improving the bioavailability of this cytotoxic agent, nanoparticles from conjugates based on the copolymer of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride (poly(anhydride)) and two different types of PEG, PEG2000 (PEG2) or methoxyPEG2000 (mPEG2), were evaluated. Nanoparticles, with a DTX loading close to 10%, were prepared by desolvation and stabilized with calcium, before purification and lyophilization. For the pharmacokinetic study, nanoparticles were orally administered to mice at a single dose of 30 mg/kg. The plasma levels of DTX were high, prolonged in time and, importantly, quantified within the therapeutic window. The relative oral bioavailability was calculated to be up to 56% when DTX was loaded in nanoparticles from poly(anhydride)-mPEG2000 conjugate (DTX-NP-mPEG2). Finally, a comparative toxicity study between equitoxic doses of free iv DTX and oral DTX-NP-mPEG2 was conducted in mice. Animals orally treated with DTX-loaded nanoparticles displayed less severe signs of hypersensitivity reactions, peripheral neurotoxicity, myelosuppression and hepatotoxicity than free iv docetaxel. In summary, poly(anhydride)-PEG conjugate nanoparticles appears to be adequate carries for the oral delivery of docetaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Ruiz-Gatón
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Judit Huarte
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Nekane Martin-Arbella
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Juan M Irache
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, NANO-VAC Research Group, University of Navarra, Spain.
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Schwartz J, Moreno E, Calvo A, Blanco L, Fernández-Rubio C, Sanmartín C, Nguewa P, Irache JM, Larrea E, Espuelas S. Combination of paromomycin plus human anti-TNF-α antibodies to control the local inflammatory response in BALB/ mice with cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 92:78-88. [PMID: 30037731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) skin lesions are the result of a deregulated immune response, which is unable to eliminate Leishmania parasites. The control of both, parasites and host immune response, is critical to prevent tissue destruction. The skin ulceration has been correlated with high TNF-α level. OBJECTIVE Because human anti-TNF-α antibodies (Ab) have been successfully assayed in several mice inflammatory diseases, we hypothesized that their anti-inflammatory effect could optimize the healing of CL lesions achieved after topical application of paromomycin (PM), the current chemotherapy against CL. METHODS AND RESULTS We first compared the in vitro efficacy of PM and Ab alone and the drug given in combination with Ab to assess if the Ab could interfere with PM leishmanicidal activity in L. major-infected bone marrow-derived macrophages. The combination therapy had similar antileishmanial activity to the drug alone and showed no influence on NO production, which allows macrophage-mediated parasite killing. Next, we demonstrated in an in vivo model of Imiquimod®-induced inflammation that topical Ab and PM inhibit the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the skin. In the efficacy studies in L. major-infected BALB/c mice, PM combined with Ab led to a sharp infection reduction and showed a stronger anti-inflammatory activity than PM alone. This was confirmed by the down-regulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, IL-17, and CCL3 as well as by a decrease of the neutrophilic infiltrate during infection upon treatment with the Ab. CONCLUSIONS In terms of parasite elimination and inflammation reduction, topical application of Ab in combination with PM was more effective than the drug alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Schwartz
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain; Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alba Calvo
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Laura Blanco
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Celia Fernández-Rubio
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain; Microbiology and Parasitology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain; Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paul Nguewa
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain; Microbiology and Parasitology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan M Irache
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Esther Larrea
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain.
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18
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Ruiz-Gatón L, Espuelas S, Larrañeta E, Reviakine I, Yate LA, Irache JM. Pegylated poly(anhydride) nanoparticles for oral delivery of docetaxel. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 118:165-175. [PMID: 29597043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of pegylated poly(anhydride) nanoparticles to enhance the oral bioavailability of docetaxel (DTX). Nanoparticles were prepared after the incubation between the copolymer of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride (Gantrez® AN), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG2000 or PEG6000) and docetaxel (DTX). The oral administration of a single dose of pegylated nanoparticles to mice provided sustained and prolonged therapeutic plasma levels of docetaxel for up 48-72 h. In addition, the relative oral bioavailability of docetaxel was around 32%. The organ distribution studies revealed that docetaxel underwent a similar distribution when orally administered encapsulated in nanoparticles as when intravenously as Taxotere®. This observation, with the fact that the clearance of docetaxel when loaded into the oral pegylated nanoparticles was found to be similar to that of intravenous formulation, suggests that docetaxel would be released at the epithelium surface and then absorbed to the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Ruiz-Gatón
- Nanomedicines and Vaccines (NANO-VAC) Research Group, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31080, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Nanomedicines and Vaccines (NANO-VAC) Research Group, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31080, Spain
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- Nanomedicines and Vaccines (NANO-VAC) Research Group, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31080, Spain
| | | | | | - Juan M Irache
- Nanomedicines and Vaccines (NANO-VAC) Research Group, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31080, Spain.
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Sanmartin C, Ruberte AC, Ibanez E, Moreno E, Espuelas S, Plano D. Selenium Entities: Promising Scaffolds for the Treatment of Cancer and Leishmania. Curr Org Synth 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1570179414666170517153921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Sanmartin
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Carolina Ruberte
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena Ibanez
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
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Calleja P, Irache J, Zandueta C, Martínez-Oharriz C, Espuelas S. A combination of nanosystems for the delivery of cancer chemoimmunotherapeutic combinations: 1-Methyltryptophan nanocrystals and paclitaxel nanoparticles. Pharmacol Res 2017; 126:77-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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San Román B, Gómez S, Irache JM, Espuelas S. Co-encapsulated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and ovalbumin in PLGA microparticles; an in vitro and in vivo study. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015; 17:541-53. [PMID: 25579433 DOI: 10.18433/j33892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect in the immune response produced by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) co-encapsulated with the antigen ovalbumin (OVA) within poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) 502 and 752 microparticles (MP). METHODS MP were prepared by blending 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) with PLGA and Total Recirculation One Machine System (TROMS) technology and contained OVA along with CpG sequences associated to DOTAP. After confirming the integrity of both encapsulated molecules, BALB/c mice were immunized with the resulting MP and OVA-specific antibodies and cytokine production were assessed in order to determine the immunological profile induced in mice. RESULTS One m near non-charged MP co-encapsulated very efficiently both OVA and CpG ODN. The release of both OVA and CpG was slow and incomplete irrespective of polymer. The results of the immune response induced in BALB/c mice indicated that, depending on the PLGA polymer used, co-encapsulation did not improve the immunogenicity of the antigen, compared either with the simply co-administration of both antigen and CpG, or with the microencapsulated antigen. Thus, mice immunized with OVA associated to PLGA 756 displayed an IgG2a characterized response which was biased to an IgG1 profile in case of CpG co-encapsulation. On the contrary, the co-encapsulation of CpG with OVA into PLGA 502 significantly improved the isotype shifting in comparison with the one showed by mice immunized with OVA loaded PLGA 502. CONCLUSION This study underlines the importance of MP characteristics to fully exploit simultaneous antigen and CpG ODN particulate delivery as effective vaccine construct.This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see "For Readers") may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue's contents page.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz San Román
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (CSIC-UPNA-Gobierno de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
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Calleja P, Espuelas S, Vauthier C, Ponchel G, Irache JM. Controlled Release, Intestinal Transport, and Oral Bioavailablity of Paclitaxel Can be Considerably Increased Using Suitably Tailored Pegylated Poly(Anhydride) Nanoparticles. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:2877-86. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Font M, Baquedano Y, Plano D, Moreno E, Espuelas S, Sanmartín C, Palop JA. Molecular descriptors calculation as a tool in the analysis of the antileishmanial activity achieved by two series of diselenide derivatives. An insight into its potential action mechanism. J Mol Graph Model 2015; 60:63-78. [PMID: 26119983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A molecular modeling study has been carried out on two previously reported series of symmetric diselenide derivatives that show remarkable antileishmanial in vitro activity against Leishmania infantum intracellular amastigotes and in infected macrophages (THP-1 cells), in addition to showing favorable selectivity indices. Series 1 consists of compounds that can be considered as central scaffold constructed with a diaryl/dialkylaryl diselenide central nucleus, decorated with different substituents located on the aryl rings. Series 2 consists of compounds constructed over a diaryl diselenide central nucleus, decorated in 4 and 4' positions with an aryl or heteroaryl sulfonamide fragment, thus forming the diselenosulfonamide derivatives. With regard to the diselenosulfonamide derivatives (2 series), the activity can be related, as a first approximation, with (a) the ability to release bis(4-aminophenyl) diselenide, the common fragment which can be ultimately responsible for the activity of the compounds. (b) the anti-parasitic activity achieved by the sulfonamide pharmacophore present in the analyzed derivatives. The data that support this connection include the topography of the molecules, the conformational behavior of the compounds, which influences the bond order, as well as the accessibility of the hydrolysis point, and possibly the hydrophobicity and polarizability of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Font
- Sección de Modelización Molecular, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Spain; Instituto de Salud Tropical, Spain.
| | - Ylenia Baquedano
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Spain; Sección de Síntesis, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica,University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1. E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Spain; Sección de Síntesis, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica,University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1. E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Spain; Sección de Síntesis, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica,University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1. E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Spain; Sección de Síntesis, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica,University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1. E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Palop
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, Spain; Sección de Síntesis, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica,University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1. E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Moreno E, Schwartz J, Fernández C, Sanmartín C, Nguewa P, Irache JM, Espuelas S. Nanoparticles as multifunctional devices for the topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:579-97. [PMID: 24620861 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.885500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis are major tropical skin diseases. Topical treatment is currently limited to the least severe forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) without risk of dissemination. It is also recommended in combination with systemic therapy for more severe forms. Progresses in this modality of treatment are hindered by the heterogeneity of the disease and shortcomings in the clinical trials. AREAS COVERED This review overlooks three major modalities of topical therapies in use or under investigation against CL: chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy; either with older compounds such as paramomycin or more recent nitric oxide donors, antimicrobial peptides or silver derivatives. The advantages and limitations of their administration with newer formulation strategies such as nanoparticles (NPs) are discussed. EXPERT OPINION The efficacy of a topical treatment against CL depends not only on the intrinsic antileishmanial activity of the drug but also on the amount of drug available in the dermis. NPs as sustained release systems and permeation enhancers could favour the creation of a drug reservoir in the dermis. Additionally, certain NPs have immunomodulatory properties or wound healing capabilities of benefit in CL treatment. Pending task is the selective delivery of active compounds to intracellular amastigotes, because even small NPs are unable to penetrate deeply into the skin to encounter infected macrophages (except in ulcerative lesions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Moreno
- University of Navarra, Tropical Health Institute , Irunlarrea, 1 E-31008 Pamplona , Spain +34948425600 ; +34948425619 ;
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Calleja P, Espuelas S, Corrales L, Pio R, Irache JM. Pharmacokinetics and antitumor efficacy of paclitaxel-cyclodextrin complexes loaded in mucus-penetrating nanoparticles for oral administration. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:2109-21. [PMID: 24471503 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The authors report a novel approach for enhancing the oral absorption of paclitaxel (PTX) by encapsulation in poly(anhydride) nanoparticles (NPs) containing cyclodextrins and poly(ethylene glycol). MATERIALS & METHODS Formulations were prepared using the solvent displacement method. Subsequently, pharmacokinetics and organ distribution assays were evaluated after oral administration into C57BL/6J mice. In addition, antitumor efficacy studies were performed in a subcutaneous tumor model of Lewis lung carcinoma. RESULTS PTX-loaded NPs displayed sizes between 190-300 nm. Oral NPs achieved drug plasma levels for at least 24 h, with an oral bioavailability of 55-80%. Organ distribution studies revealed that PTX, orally administered in NPs, underwent a similar distribution to intravenous Taxol(®) (Bristol-Myers Squibb, NJ, USA). For in vivo antitumor assays, oral strategy maintained a slower tumor growth than intravenous Taxol. CONCLUSION PTX orally administered in poly(anhydride) NPs, combined with cyclodextrins and poly(ethylene glycol), displayed sustained plasma levels and significant antitumor effect in a syngenic tumor model of carcinoma in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Calleja
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Calle de Irunlarrea, 1, 31080, Pamplona, Spain
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Baquedano Y, Moreno E, Espuelas S, Nguewa P, Font M, Gutierrez KJ, Jiménez-Ruiz A, Palop JA, Sanmartín C. Novel hybrid selenosulfonamides as potent antileishmanial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:116-23. [PMID: 24448421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Diselenide and sulfonamide derivatives have recently attracted considerable interest as leishmanicidal agents in drug discovery. In this study, a novel series of sixteen hybrid selenosulfonamides has been synthesized and screened for their in vitro activity against Leishmania infantum intracellular amastigotes and THP-1 cells. These assays revealed that most of the compounds exhibited antileishmanial activity in the low micromolar range and led us to identify three lead compounds (derivatives 2, 7 and 14) with IC50 values ranging from 0.83 to 1.47 μM and selectivity indexes (SI) over 17, much higher than those observed for the reference drugs miltefosine and edelfosine. When evaluated against intracellular amastigotes, hybrid compound 7 emerged as the most active compound (IC50 = 2.8 μM), showing higher activity and much less toxicity against THP-1 cells than edelfosine. These compounds could potentially serve as templates for future drug-optimization and drug-development efforts for their use as therapeutic agents in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Baquedano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Tropical, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Tropical, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paul Nguewa
- Instituto de Salud Tropical, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Font
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Tropical, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Kilian Jesús Gutierrez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Carretera Madrid-Barcelona km 33,600, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Jiménez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Carretera Madrid-Barcelona km 33,600, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Palop
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Tropical, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Tropical, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Moreno E, Schwartz J, Larrañeta E, Nguewa PA, Sanmartín C, Agüeros M, Irache JM, Espuelas S. Thermosensitive hydrogels of poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) - Pluronic(®) F127 copolymers for controlled protein release. Int J Pharm 2013; 459:1-9. [PMID: 24315923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Thermosensitive hydrogels are of a great interest due to their many biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we synthesized a new series of random poly (methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) (Gantrez(®) AN, GZ) and Pluronic(®) F127 (PF127) copolymers (GZ-PF127), that formed thermosensitive hydrogels whose gelation temperature and mechanical properties could be controlled by the molar ratio of GZ and PF127 polymers and the copolymer concentration in water. Gelation temperatures tended to decrease when the GZm/PF127 ratio increased. Thus, at a fixed GZm/PF127 value, sol-gel temperatures decreased at higher copolymer concentrations. Moreover, these hydrogels controlled the release of proteins such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) and recombinant recombinant kinetoplastid membrane protein of Leishmania (rKMP-11) more than the PF127 system. Toxicity studies carried out in J774.2 macrophages showed that cell viability was higher than 80%. Finally, histopathological analysis revealed that subcutaneous administration of low volumes of these hydrogels elicited a tolerable inflammatory response that could be useful to induce immune responses against the protein cargo in the development of vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Moreno
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juana Schwartz
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paul A Nguewa
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maite Agüeros
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan M Irache
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Tropical Health Institute, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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Santos DM, Carneiro MW, de Moura TR, Soto M, Luz NF, Prates DB, Irache JM, Brodskyn C, Barral A, Barral-Netto M, Espuelas S, Borges VM, de Oliveira CI. PLGA nanoparticles loaded with KMP-11 stimulate innate immunity and induce the killing of Leishmania. Nanomedicine 2013; 9:985-95. [PMID: 23603355 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We recently demonstrated that immunization with polyester poly(lactide-co-glycolide acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with the 11-kDa Leishmania vaccine candidate kinetoplastid membrane protein 11 (KMP-11) significantly reduced parasite load in vivo. Presently, we explored the ability of the recombinant PLGA nanoparticles to stimulate innate responses in macrophages and the outcome of infection with Leishmania braziliensis in vitro. Incubation of macrophages with KMP-11-loaded PLGA nanoparticles significantly decreased parasite load. In parallel, we observed the augmented production of nitric oxide, superoxide, TNF-α and IL-6. An increased release of CCL2/MCP-1 and CXCL1/KC was also observed, resulting in macrophage and neutrophil recruitment in vitro. Lastly, the incubation of macrophages with KMP-11-loaded PLGA nanoparticles triggered the activation of caspase-1 and the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, suggesting inflammasome participation. Inhibition of caspase-1 significantly increased the parasite load. We conclude that KMP-11-loaded PLGA nanoparticles promote the killing of intracellular Leishmania parasites through the induction of potent innate responses. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this novel study, KMP-11-loaded PLGA nanoparticles are demonstrated to promote the killing of intracellular Leishmania parasites through enhanced innate immune responses by multiple mechanisms. Future clinical applications would have a major effect on our efforts to address parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego M Santos
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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Zabaleta V, Calleja P, Espuelas S, Corrales L, Pío R, Agüeros M, Irache J. Nanoparticules mucopénétrantes : véhicules pour l’administration orale du paclitaxel. Annales Pharmaceutiques Françaises 2013; 71:109-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Espuelas S, Plano D, Nguewa P, Font M, Palop J, Irache J, Sanmartin C. Innovative Lead Compounds and Formulation Strategies As Newer Kinetoplastid Therapies. Curr Med Chem 2012; 19:4259-88. [DOI: 10.2174/092986712802884222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Santos DM, Carneiro MW, de Moura TR, Fukutani K, Clarencio J, Soto M, Espuelas S, Brodskyn C, Barral A, Barral-Netto M, de Oliveira CI. Towards development of novel immunization strategies against leishmaniasis using PLGA nanoparticles loaded with kinetoplastid membrane protein-11. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:2115-27. [PMID: 22619548 PMCID: PMC3356203 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s30093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine development has been a priority in the fight against leishmaniases, which are vector-borne diseases caused by Leishmania protozoa. Among the different immunization strategies employed to date is inoculation of plasmid DNA coding for parasite antigens, which has a demonstrated ability to induce humoral and cellular immune responses. In this sense, inoculation of plasmid DNA encoding Leishmania kinetoplasmid membrane protein-11 (KMP-11) was able to confer protection against visceral leishmaniasis. However, recently the use of antigen delivery systems such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles has also proven effective for eliciting protective immune responses. METHODS In the present work, we tested two immunization strategies with the goal of obtaining protection, in terms of lesion development and parasite load, against cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. braziliensis. One strategy involved immunization with plasmid DNA encoding L. infantum chagasi KMP-11. Alternatively, mice were primed with PLGA nanoparticles loaded with the recombinant plasmid DNA and boosted using PLGA nanoparticles loaded with recombinant KMP-11. RESULTS Both immunization strategies elicited detectable cellular immune responses with the presence of both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines; mice receiving the recombinant PLGA nanoparticle formulations also demonstrated anti-KMP-11 IgG1 and IgG2a. Mice were then challenged with L. braziliensis, in the presence of sand fly saliva. Lesion development was not inhibited following either immunization strategy. However, immunization with PLGA nanoparticles resulted in a more prominent reduction in parasite load at the infection site when compared with immunization using plasmid DNA alone. This effect was associated with a local increase in interferon-gamma and in tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Both immunization strategies also resulted in a lower parasite load in the draining lymph nodes, albeit not significantly. CONCLUSION Our results encourage the pursuit of immunization strategies employing nanobased delivery systems for vaccine development against cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. braziliensis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego M Santos
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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Agüeros M, Espuelas S, Esparza I, Calleja P, Peñuelas I, Ponchel G, Irache JM. Cyclodextrin-poly(anhydride) nanoparticles as new vehicles for oral drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:721-34. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.572069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
In the last years, many efforts have been directed toward the enhancement of vaccine delivery by using polymeric nanoparticles as adjuvants for mucosal immunization. However, conventional nanoparticles usually display a low capability to target specific sites within the gut and, thus, the elicited immune responses are not as high as necessary to offer the adequate protection to the host. To overcome these drawbacks, one possible strategy can be the association of nanoparticles with compounds involved in the colonization process of microorganisms. In this biomimetic context, two different examples are shown. In both cases, poly(anhydride) nanoparticles were coated with either flagellin from Salmonella Enteritidis or mannosamine. When administered by the oral route both types of ligand-coated nanoparticles induced stronger and more balanced serum titers of IgG2a and IgG1 than control nanoparticles which induced a typical Th2 response. This Th1 response enhancement may be related to the high tropism of both flagellin- and mannosylated-nanoparticles to the ileum and uptake by Peyer's patches rich in antigen presenting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Irache
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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Agüeros M, Ruiz-Gatón L, Vauthier C, Bouchemal K, Espuelas S, Ponchel G, Irache J. Combined hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and poly(anhydride) nanoparticles improve the oral permeability of paclitaxel. Eur J Pharm Sci 2009; 38:405-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2009.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gómez S, Gamazo C, San Roman B, Grau A, Espuelas S, Ferrer M, Sanz ML, Irache JM. A novel nanoparticulate adjuvant for immunotherapy with Lolium perenne. J Immunol Methods 2009; 348:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Espuelas S, Thumann C, Heurtault B, Schuber F, Frisch B. Influence of ligand valency on the targeting of immature human dendritic cells by mannosylated liposomes. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 19:2385-93. [PMID: 19053315 DOI: 10.1021/bc8002524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An important challenge for the development of new generations of vaccines is the efficient delivery of antigens to antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells. In the present study we compare the interaction of plain and targeted liposomes, containing mono-, di-, and tetraantennary mannosyl lipid derivatives, with human monocyte-derived immature dendritic cells (iDCs). Whereas efficient mannose receptor-mediated endocytosis by iDCs was observed for the mannosylated liposomes, in contrast, only nonspecific interaction with little uptake was observed with plain liposomes. In accordance with the clustering effect, liposomes prepared with multibranched mannosylated lipids displayed higher binding affinity for the mannose receptor than vesicles containing the monomannosylated analogs. Importantly, we have found that dimannosylated ligands present at the surface of the liposomes were as efficient as tetramannosylated ones to engage in multidentate interactions with the mannose receptor of iDCs, resulting in both cases in an effective uptake/endocytosis. This result will greatly facilitate, from a practical standpoint, the design of mannose-targeted vaccination constructs. Moreover, we showed that mannose-mediated uptake of liposomes did not result in an activation of iDCs. Altogether, our results suggest that antigen-associated targeted liposomes containing diantennary mannosylated lipids could be effective vectors for vaccines when combined with additional DC activation signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Socorro Espuelas
- Institut Gilbert Laustriat, UMR 7175-LC01 CNRS/Universite Louis Pasteur, Departement de Chimie Bioorganique, Laboratoire de Chimie Enzymatique et Vectorisation, Faculte de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch, France
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San Román B, Irache JM, Gómez S, Gamazo C, Espuelas S. Co-delivery of ovalbumin and CpG motifs into microparticles protected sensitized mice from anaphylaxis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2009; 149:111-8. [PMID: 19127067 DOI: 10.1159/000189193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2008] [Accepted: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two major drawbacks of current subcutaneous specific immunotherapy are the risk to induce severe anaphylactic reactions and the need of multiple injections of the allergen to reduce IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. The sustained release of allergens over time provided by poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles (MP) could mimic the current therapeutic schedule and decrease their allergenicity. Moreover, MP could also co-deliver Th1 immunoadjuvants, such as CpG motifs. METHODS Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice were treated intradermally with OVA or OVA plus CpG containing MP. OVA-specific IgG1 and IgG2a as well as IgE total levels and cytokine production were assessed throughout the experiment. The protection exerted by the MP against allergen challenge was estimated with body temperature changes, mortality and other symptoms. RESULTS Microparticulated treatments, irrespective of the presence of CpG motifs, elicited a lower IgE/IgG2a ratio than those induced by the allergen in solution (free or with adjuvants). However, after induction of the anaphylactic shock, only mice treated with MP co-encapsulating OVA plus CpG showed a significant lower decrease in body temperature and were totally protected from death. Mice that were injected with OVA plus CpG in solution or with Alum displayed a marked fall of temperature accompanied by high mortality rates (70-100%). CONCLUSION MP encapsulating both OVA, as an allergen model, and CpG sequences, as a pro-Th1 adjuvant, decreased the risk for OVA sensitization (IgE induction) and protected sensitized mice from anaphylactic shock after allergen provocation. Therefore, the combination of allergens and CpG sequences into MP could perform a safer alternative to current specific immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz San Román
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, Pamplona ES-31080, Spain
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Gómez S, Gamazo C, San Roman B, Ferrer M, Sanz ML, Espuelas S, Irache JM. Allergen immunotherapy with nanoparticles containing lipopolysaccharide from Brucella ovis. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2008; 70:711-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Revised: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 05/21/2008] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Abstract
Fluconazole-loaded PLGA microspheres were prepared by the spray-drying process. The influence of some process parameters on the physical characteristics of the microspheres was evaluated. Neither type nor polymer concentration influenced significantly the mean diameter of the microspheres, their size distribution and encapsulation efficiency of the drug. However, the drug loading greatly affected their size and the physical state in which fluconazole can exist in the matrix of the carriers, and, thus, affected the release rate of the drug. Results obtained by differential thermal analysis and X-ray powder diffraction revealed that at low nominal drug loading, fluconazole was incorporated in an amorphous state or in a molecular dispersion in the matrix of the microspheres and at high nominal drug loading part of the drug was in a crystalline form. Release profiles of fluconazole from the microspheres displayed a biphasic shape. The duration and extent of each phase were affected mainly by polymer nature, drug loading and physical state in which fluconazole existed in the polymeric matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Rivera
- Centro Galénico, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad de Navarra, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Roman BS, Espuelas S, Gómez S, Gamazo C, Sanz ML, Ferrer M, Irache JM. Intradermal immunization with ovalbumin-loaded poly-?-caprolactone microparticles conferred protection in ovalbumin-sensitized allergic mice. Clin Exp Allergy 2007; 37:287-95. [PMID: 17250702 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02654.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although immunotherapy has been reported as the only treatment able to revert the T-helper type 2 (Th2) response, its administration has some disadvantages such as the requirement of multiple doses, possible side-effects provoked by conventional adjuvants and the risk of suffering an anaphylactic shock. For these reasons, drug-delivery systems appear to be a promising strategy due to its ability to (i) transport the allergens, (ii) protect them from degradation, (iii) decrease the number of administrations and (iv) act as immuno-adjuvants. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to evaluate the properties of poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) microparticles as adjuvants in immunotherapy using ovalbumin (OVA) as an allergen model. For this purpose, the protection capacity of these microparticles (OVA PCL) against OVA allergy was studied in a murine model. METHODS The humoral and cellular-induced immune response generated by OVA encapsulated into PCL microparticles was studied by immunizing BALB/c mice intradermically. Also, OVA-sensitized mice were treated with OVA PCL and OVA adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide (OVA-Alum). Fifteen days after therapy, animals were challenged with OVA and different signs of anaphylactic shock were evaluated. RESULTS One single shot by an intradermal route with OVA PCL resulted in a Th2-type immune response. In OVA-sensitized mice, treatment with OVA PCL elicited high OVA-specific IgG but low levels of IgE. Furthermore, OVA PCL mice group displayed lower levels of serum histamine and higher survival rate in comparison with the positive control group. CONCLUSION The anaphylactic shock suffered by OVA PCL-treated mice was weaker than the one induced in the OVA-Alum group. Hence, the intradermal immunization with OVA PCL microparticles induced hyposensitization in OVA-allergic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Roman
- Immunoadjuvant Unit, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Segura S, Gamazo C, Irache JM, Espuelas S. Gamma interferon loaded onto albumin nanoparticles: in vitro and in vivo activities against Brucella abortus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51:1310-4. [PMID: 17220401 PMCID: PMC1855480 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00890-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) when it was either adsorbed onto or loaded into albumin nanoparticles. Brucella abortus-infected macrophages and infected BALB/c mice were selected as the models for testing of the therapeutic potentials of these cytokine delivery systems, in view of the well-established role of IFN-gamma-activated macrophages for the control of Brucella sp. infections. Whereas the encapsulation of IFN-gamma inside the matrix of nanoparticles completely abrogated its activity, adsorbed IFN-gamma increased by 0.75 log unit the bactericidal effect induced by RAW macrophages activated with free IFN-gamma, along with a higher level of production of nitric oxide. In infected BALB/c-mice, IFN-gamma adsorbed onto nanoparticles was also more active than free cytokine in reducing the number of bacteria in the spleens, and the effect was mediated by an increased ratio of IFN-gamma-secreting (Th1) to interleukin-4-secreting (Th2) cells. Overall, albumin nanoparticles would be suitable as carriers that target IFN-gamma to macrophages and, thus, potentiate their therapeutic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Segura
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Espuelas S, Roth A, Thumann C, Frisch B, Schuber F. Corrigendum to “Effect of synthetic lipopeptides formulated in liposomes on the maturation of human dendritic cells” [Mol. Immunol. 42 (2005) 721–729]. Mol Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2005.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Roth A, Espuelas S, Thumann C, Frisch B, Schuber F. Synthesis of Thiol-Reactive Lipopeptide Adjuvants. Incorporation into Liposomes and Study of Their Mitogenic Effect on Mouse Splenocytes. Bioconjug Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/bc050105x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Although interferon gamma (IFN-gamma has been extensively studied as a potent activator for macrophages and as a promising adjuvant in vaccines, its rapid biodegradation and clearance have severely limited its clinical efficacy. Our major objective in this work was to develop formulation conditions to get high association of the cytokine to albumin nanoparticles, without leading any conformational changes and subsequent loss of activity. To achieve this objective, two different formulations were prepared by either 1) incubation between the cytokine and the newly prepared nanoparticles (IFN-NPA) or 2) between the protein and IFN-gamma prior coacervation (IFN-NPB). Steady-state fluorescence emission spectra revealed that the environment of the tryptophan (Trp) residue was not affected by conditions of mechanical stress required for preparing nanoparticles. A bioassay for antiproliferative activity with Hela cells indicated that the cytokine, after their desorption from the surface of nanoparticles (IFN-NPA), fully retained its activity. It also indicated that the cytokine was principally associated with nanoparticles via electrostatic interactions and confirmed by desorption experiments carried out in media with different pH and ionic strength, with burst effect ranked in the order pH 5 > pH 7.4 > pH 8.5. Also, the adsorption of IFN-gamma onto these carriers was able to improve the priming effects of IFN-gamma on the nitric oxide production (NO) by RAW macrophages. On the contrary, when we incubated the cytokine with the albumin solution prior to the desolvation process for preparing nanoparticles (IFN-NPB), we obtained better encapsulation efficiencies (around 100%), but the cytokine was inactive: it was not detected by ELISA or bioassay in Hela cells and unable to stimulate NO production by macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Segura
- Centro Galénico, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnologia Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, Ap. 177, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Irache JM, Merodio M, Arnedo A, Camapanero MA, Mirshahi M, Espuelas S. Albumin nanoparticles for the intravitreal delivery of anticytomegaloviral drugs. Mini Rev Med Chem 2005; 5:293-305. [PMID: 15777263 DOI: 10.2174/1389557053175335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Albumin nanoparticles (NP) were proved to be effective and safe carriers for delivering anticytomegaloviral compounds in the vitreous. NP improved the antiviral activity of both ganciclovir and the phosphodiester oligonucleotide analog to formivirsen. NP appeared to be fusogenic carriers able to target the nucleus of cells. In addition, these drug carriers were well tolerated when administered by the intravitreal route and did not induce autoimmune reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Irache
- Centro Galénico, Universidad de Navarra, Ap. 177, 31080-Pamplona, Spain.
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Espuelas S, Roth A, Thumann C, Frisch B, Schuber F. Effect of synthetic lipopeptides formulated in liposomes on the maturation of human dendritic cells. Mol Immunol 2005; 42:721-9. [PMID: 15781116 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2004.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Diacylated (e.g. MALP-2) and triacylated (Pam(3)Cys derivatives) lipopeptides, deriving from the N-terminal moiety of respectively mycoplasmal and E. coli lipoproteins, are powerful adjuvants recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLR) which have been used successfully to trigger cell activation and immune responses. To design liposome-based vaccination constructs in which Th and CTL epitopes are conjugated to synthetic lipopeptide analogues anchored into the bilayers of the vesicles, the peptide moieties of the lipopeptides were functionalized with thiol-reactive groups, such as maleimide (Mal) or bromoacetyl, incorporated into liposomes and reacted with thiol carrying peptide epitopes. Because dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role as antigen-presenting cells in immune responses, in the present study we have evaluated the impact of the functionalization of lipopeptide analogues Pam(2)CAG, Pam(3)CAG and Ol(3)GAG on the phenotypic maturation of human monocyte-derived DCs. The intrinsic cellular activities of the lipopeptide analogues incorporated into liposomes were monitored, in vitro, by measuring the up-regulation of the cell-surface markers CD80, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR. We found that in some cases their functionalization with thiol-reactive groups led to a loss of activity. The stimulatory potency can be ranked in the following order: Pam(3)CAG>/=Pam(2)CAG-Mal-Th approximately Pam(2)CAG-Mal>Pam(3)CAG-Mal-Th (where Th is a HS-peptide) and no appreciable activity was detected for Pam(3)CAG-Mal, Ol(3)CAG-Mal and Ol(3)CAG-Mal-Th. Our findings indicate that subtle modifications in the peptide moiety of lipopeptides have a great impact on the immunomodulatory properties of these molecules. For the engineering of liposome/lipopeptide-based vaccines, the maleimide derivative of Pam(2)CAG appears to be the best candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Socorro Espuelas
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, UMR 7514 CNRS-Université Louis Pasteur, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67400 Strasbourg-Illkirch, France
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Gomez S, Carlos C, Luquin E, San Roman B, Espuelas S, Sanz M, Ferrer M, Irache J. New adjuvant for immunotherapy: Gantrez® AN nanoparticles. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.12.899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Irache JM, Huici M, Konecny M, Espuelas S, Campanero MA, Arbos P. Bioadhesive properties of Gantrez nanoparticles. Molecules 2005; 10:126-45. [PMID: 18007282 PMCID: PMC6147552 DOI: 10.3390/10010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2004] [Accepted: 06/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioadhesive nanoparticles have been proposed as carriers for the oral delivery of poorly available drugs and facilitate the use of this route. This work summarises some experiments describing the bioadhesive potential of Gantrez nanoparticles fluorescently labeled with rhodamine B isothiocyanate. The adhesive potential of Gantrez was found to be stronger when folded as nanoparticles than in the solubilised form. Conventional nanoparticles displayed a tropism for the upper areas of the gastrointestinal tract, with a maximum of adhesion 30 min post-administration and a decrease in the adhered fraction along the time depending on the given dose. The cross-linkage of nanoparticles with increasing amounts of 1,3-diaminopropane stabilised the resulting carriers and prolonged their half-life in an aqueous environment; although, the adhesive capacity of nanoparticles, the intensity and the relative duration of the adhesive interactions within the gut as a function of the cross-linking degree. Finally, nanoparticles were coated with either gelatin or albumin. In the first case, the presence of gelatin dramatically decreased the initial capacity of these carriers to interact with the gut mucosa and the intensity of these phenomenons. In the latter, bovine serum albumin coated nanoparticles (BSA-NP) showed an important tropism for the stomach mucosa without further significant distribution to other parts of the gut mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Irache
- Centro Galénico, Universidad de Navarra, 31080 - Pamplona (Spain).
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