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Khursheed S, Wazir S, Saleem MK, Majeed AI, Ahmad M, Khan QU, Jadoon A, Akbar A, Jadoon SK, Tasneem S, Saleem H, Khan MS, Alvi S. Tuberculosis prevalence and demographic characteristics of population in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (Pakistan): A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37787. [PMID: 38608068 PMCID: PMC11018243 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious problem for public health and a leading cause of death after COVID-19 and superior to even HIV/AIDS. It is a social health issue and can cause stigma and economic loss as the person cannot perform professionally due to lethargy caused by disease. It is a retrospective study done on data from National TB program Muzaffarabad chapter. The details were noted on SPSS and analysis was done to find important demographic characteristics. The total number of patients was 3441; among which 48.76% were males. Most of them (81.11%) belonged to the Muzaffarabad division of Azad Jammu and Kahmir (AJK). The microbiologically or culture positive cases were 440. Rifampicin resistance was present in 147 cases, further categorized as high (n = 143), very high (n = 3), or true positive (n = 1) resistance. Muti drug resistance was found in 19 cases. The microscopy culture is more sensitive (AUC = 0.511) than MTB/RIF or serology (AUC = 0.502) according to ROC. The rate of positive smear results is not very satisfactory in the present study as it cannot detect dormant or latent cases. There is a need to establish more sensitive tests for detection of cases and more research to combat the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samia Wazir
- Pakistan Institute of Medical Science, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khurram Saleem
- University Hospital, Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Mumtaz Ahmad
- Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences, Muzaffarabad, AJK, Pakistan
| | | | - Arzu Jadoon
- Ziauddin University Hospital Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Amna Akbar
- CHPE Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Mohammad Saleem Khan
- Chief Consultant Physician/Head of Department of Medicine DHQ Teaching, Hospital Kotli AJK, Kotli, Pakistan
| | - Sarosh Alvi
- Teaching Faculty, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Saleem MK, Sattar K, Ejaz KF, Rehman MU, Saleem H, Khursheed S, Akbar A, Ahmed J, Tariq M, Jadoon SK, Saleem Khan M, Tasneem S, Khandker SS, Kundu S, Alvi S. Use of telemedicine to tackle health problems in South Asia during the COVID-19 era and beyond: a systematic review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1012-1020. [PMID: 38333256 PMCID: PMC10849386 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Telemedicine (TM) and teleconsultation services flourished during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission to avoid COVID-19 infection and physical contact. Many physicians switched to the virtual treatment mode and nearly all types of health disciplines were covered. Through this systematic review, the authors tried to explore the strengths and weaknesses of TM, identify the barriers to adopting TM by population, and explain the limitations of this healthcare delivery model. Methods and results In this systematic review, 28 studies were included (>53% high-quality studies) as eligible, where nearly 75% (n=21) of the studies were from India, and the remaining 25% (n=7) were from Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. Advice related to cancer, autoimmune diseases, and neurological diseases were the most common among the health disciplines in which TM was used. A peak in teleconsultation was observed during the high transmission phase of COVID-19, although major queries were associated with existing health complications and comorbidities. Conclusion Other than a few concerns regarding connectivity, privacy, and diagnosis, TM was in fact affordable, timesaving, feasible, and accurate, which ensured a highly satisfying experience among the participants (>80%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad K. Saleem
- General Internal Medicine, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, Tipperary University Hospital, Ireland
| | - Komal Sattar
- Russell’s Hall Hospital Dudley, MRCP Royal College
| | | | | | | | | | - Amna Akbar
- Poonch Medical College, Rawalakot, Muzaffarabad
| | - Jahanzeb Ahmed
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maham Tariq
- Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College Mirpur
| | | | | | - Sabahat Tasneem
- Public Health Professional (MSPH), Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Shoumik Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sarosh Alvi
- Teaching Faculty, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Saleem H, Jadoon SK, Akbar A, Hamid Awan N, Arshad Abbasi E, Qadeer Abbasi J, Khursheed S, Ahmed J, Saleem Khan M, Tasneem S. The Impact of Respiratory Function Training and Rehabilitation Nursing on the Recovery of Patients With Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia. Cureus 2024; 16:e53461. [PMID: 38435183 PMCID: PMC10909399 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The goal of this study was to see how people who had been diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) responded to respiratory function training and rehabilitation (RFTR) nursing. Methodology A total of 122 patients (five to 12 years of age) diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) and refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) using enzyme-linked immunoassay and PCR were included in this study. These patients were hospitalized at a tertiary care hospital from February 2022 to December 2022. Upon admission, they were assigned a numerical identifier based on the order of admission. Subsequently, they were randomly allocated into two equal groups: the observation (OG) and the control (CG), with each group consisting of 61 patients. Nano-acupoint sticking (NAS) therapy along with respiratory function training and rehabilitation (RFTR) nursing interventions were implemented for patients in the OG. Results The observed disparities in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the ratio of FEV1 to FVC among the patients did not exhibit significant disparity prior to the commencement of treatment (p values of 0.700, 0.105, and 0.829, respectively). There was no significant difference observed in the range of inflammation in the right lung (p=0.523). Inflammation in the left lung and fluid volume in both lungs are statistically different in both groups (p values of 0.001 and 0.000, respectively). The patients in the observation group exhibited a shorter duration of cough and sputum, disappearance of lung sounds, and length of hospital stays (LOS) compared to the other groups, with statistical significance (p<0.05). Conclusion Nano-acupoint sticking (NAS) therapy with respiratory function training and rehabilitation (RFTR) in nursing practice has shown enhanced rehabilitation outcomes for individuals diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). The present study focuses on the application of NAS therapy in the context of RFTR for individuals diagnosed with MPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humayun Saleem
- Public Health, Health Services Academy, Muzaffarabad, PAK
| | | | - Amna Akbar
- Accident and Emergency, District Headquarter Hospital Jhelum Valley, Muzaffarabad, PAK
| | | | | | | | - Soffia Khursheed
- Pathology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, PAK
| | - Jhanzeb Ahmed
- General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, CHN
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Khursheed S, Shah H, Ijaz A, Mehmood M, Tanvir N, Sharif S. Histopathological Spectrum And Role Of Clinicopathological Correlation In The Diagnosis Of Vesiculobullous Lesions. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2022; 34(Suppl 1):S639-S643. [PMID: 36414583 DOI: 10.55519/jamc-03-s1-9427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histopathology is an important diagnostic modality for vesiculobullous lesions, however the diagnosis may at times require use of Immunofluorescence techniques which are expensive and not widely available. The aim of this study was to determine the histopathological spectrum of vesiculobullous diseases and to determine the role of clinic-pathological correlation in diagnosing bullous lesions. METHODS This was cross sectional validation study conducted in a tertiary care hospital, over a period of 18 months. All the clinically diagnosed cases of bullous diseases were included and examined as histological sections by three histopathologists. RESULTS Out of 58 total cases, the most frequently diagnosed lesions included Pemphigus vulgaris (27%), Bullous pemphigoid (13.8%) and Pemphigus foliaceous (12.1%). Females comprised 55% of cases, age distribution was wide but most patient were in age bracket of 20-39 years. CONCLUSION There was 89.6% correlation between clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Only 2 cases were sent for Immunofluorescence studies, as histopathology was inconclusive in those cases. Therefore, we conclude that histopathological examination along with clinical correlation is a very useful way of diagnosing vesiculobullous disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hijab Shah
- Fazaia Medical College, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Mahmood H, Habib M, Aslam W, Khursheed S, Fatima S, Aziz S, Habib M, Faheem M. Clinicopathological spectrum of Diffuse Large B Cell lymphoma: a study targeting population yet unexplored in Pakistan. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:354. [PMID: 34507605 PMCID: PMC8434720 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05768-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). The aim of this study was to assess the clinico pathological characteristics of DLBCL specifically, among the affected individuals residing in Northern areas of Pakistan who had not been previously included in major lymphoma studies due to their remote location. Results Mean age of the patients was 49.7 years. Male: female ratio was 1.5:1. Primary site was lymph node in 99 (71.74%) patients, out of which, 36 (26.09%) patients had B symptoms and 19 (13.77%) patients had stage IV disease. 39 (28.26%) patients had primary extra nodal involvement, 4 (2.90%) patients had B symptoms and 3 (2.17%) had stage IV disease. Extra nodal sites involved in primary extra nodal DLBCL were gastrointestinal tract (GIT) 19 (48.72%), tonsils 6 (15.38%), spine 4 (10.26%), soft tissue swelling 3 (7.69%), parotid gland 2 (5.13%), thyroid 2 (5.13%) central nervous system (CNS) 1 (2.56), breast 1 (2.56%) and bone marrow 1 (2.56%). Our study revealed increased percentage of patients with nodal DLBCL in stage IV and with B symptoms. Few patients with primary extra nodal DLBCL had B symptoms and stage IV disease at presentation. GIT was the most common site of involvement in primary extra nodal DLBCL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-021-05768-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mahmood
- Clinical Oncology, Nuclear Medicine Oncology & Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Habib
- Hematology (Pathology), Shifa College of Medicine (Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - W Aslam
- Hematology (Pathology), Nuclear Medicine Oncology & Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Khursheed
- Histopathology (Pathology), Nuclear Medicine Oncology & Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Fatima
- Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine Oncology & Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Aziz
- Pathology, Nuclear Medicine Oncology & Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Habib
- Restorative Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Faheem
- Clinical Oncology, Nuclear Medicine Oncology & Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
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