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Lanz S, Seidel G, Skrabl-Baumgartner A. Golimumab in juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis unresponsive to Adalimumab. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2021; 19:132. [PMID: 34419092 PMCID: PMC8380315 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-021-00630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of golimumab (GLM) as a treatment option for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated uveitis refractory to adalimumab (ADA). METHODS Retrospective single-centre study including patients with JIA receiving GLM for active uveitis after failing ADA. JIA- and uveitis-related data, including intraocular inflammation, best-corrected visual acuity, corticosteroid-sparing potential, and ocular complications were evaluated at start of GLM treatment, at 1 month and 3 months, and every 3 months thereafter during GLM administration. We further investigated the association of response to GLM with primary and secondary failure of ADA treatment. RESULTS Ten patients were studied, all female (17 affected eyes, mean age 14.3 + 6.7 yrs., mean follow-up 25.2 + 21.7 mos). Two patients were switched to GLM because of primary non-response to ADA. Eight were switched because of loss of response (LOR). In 5 of the latter LOR was associated with neutralizing anti-ADA-antibodies. Response to GLM was observed in all 8 patients with LOR, while the 2 patients with primary non-response to ADA also did not respond to GLM. Three of the 8 responders experienced LOR. At the end of follow-up 4 of the 5 remaining responders had achieved complete response. One had achieved partial response. CONCLUSION GLM is an efficacious therapeutic option in patients who experience LOR to ADA. Our data indicate that patients without primary response to ADA should be rather switched to a biologic agent with a different mode of action instead of further blocking the TNF-alpha pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Lanz
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Seidel
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Skrabl-Baumgartner
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
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2
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Klobassa DS, Dworzak MN, Lanz S, Skrabl-Baumgartner A, Beham-Schmid C, Cerroni L, Haas OA, Wlodarski M, Salzer U, Lackner H, Benesch M, Schwinger W, Urban C, Seidel MG. Chilblain lupus and steroid-responsive pancytopenia precede monosomy 7-linked AML as manifestation of rasopathy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64. [PMID: 28802089 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D S Klobassa
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M N Dworzak
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology at St. Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Lanz
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Skrabl-Baumgartner
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Beham-Schmid
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - L Cerroni
- Division of Dermatopathology, Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - O A Haas
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology at St. Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Wlodarski
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - U Salzer
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Lackner
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Benesch
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - W Schwinger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Urban
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus G Seidel
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
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3
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Lanz S, Brunner A, Graubner C, Marti E, Gerber V. Insect Bite Hypersensitivity in Horses is Associated with Airway Hyperreactivity. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31:1877-1883. [PMID: 28921663 PMCID: PMC5697210 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic and epidemiologic evidence suggests that in horses, as in other species, different manifestations of hypersensitivity may occur together. Hypothesis Horses affected with insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) show airway hyperreactivity (AH) to inhaled histamine, even in the absence of overt clinical signs of equine asthma (EA). Animals Twenty‐two healthy controls (group C), 24 horses suffering from IBH alone (group IBH), and 23 horses suffering from IBH and EA (group IBH/EA). Methods The clinical histories were assessed using 2 standardized questionnaires, the Horse Owner Assessed Respiratory Signs Index (HOARSI), and IBH scoring. Horses were classified as EA‐affected if their HOARSI was >1 and as IBH‐affected if IBH score was >0. Confounding disorders were excluded by clinical examination. The arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) was measured and flowmetric plethysmography used to assess airway reactivity to increasing doses of inhaled histamine. Results The median histamine provocation concentration (PC) when ∆flow values increased by 35% (PC35) was significantly higher in group C (5.94 [1.11–26.33] mg/mL) compared to group IBH (2.95 [0.23–10.13] mg/mL) and group IBH/EA (2.03 [0.43–10.94] mg/mL; P < 0.01). The PC50 and PC75 showed very similar differences between groups. Furthermore, PaO2 was significantly lower in group IBH (84 ± 8 mmHg) and group IBH/EA (78 ± 11 mmHg) compared to group C (89 ± 6 mmHg; P < 0.01). Conclusions and Clinical Importance IBH is associated with AH and decreased PaO2, even in the absence of overt respiratory clinical signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lanz
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern and Agroscope, Berne, Switzerland
| | - A Brunner
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern and Agroscope, Berne, Switzerland
| | - C Graubner
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern and Agroscope, Berne, Switzerland
| | - E Marti
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Berne, Switzerland
| | - V Gerber
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern and Agroscope, Berne, Switzerland
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4
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Lanz S, Schwinger W, Sovinz P, Lackner H, Resch B, Urlesberger B, Sipurzynski S, Urban C. Successful Unrelated Stem Cell Transplantation in an Infant With Congenital Acute Myelogenous Leukemia FAB M5 Showing Massive Cutaneous Infiltrations--A Challenging Multidisciplinary Approach. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2016; 63:160-3. [PMID: 26291692 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The multidisciplinary management of a male neonate presenting with congenital acute myelogenous leukemia of monoblastic phenotype is reported using conventional chemotherapy, high dose conditioning, and matched unrelated donor stem cell transplantation. These therapies were combined to add a graft versus leukemia effect to the treatment. Although chimerism studies showed a decrease of donor white blood cells, T-cells remained stable of allogeneic origin. We hypothesize that a continuous graft versus leukemia effect results in minimal residual disease negativity for now more than 18 months since stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Lanz
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Schwinger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Petra Sovinz
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Herwig Lackner
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernhard Resch
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Berndt Urlesberger
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabine Sipurzynski
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Urban
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Lackner H, Karastaneva A, Schwinger W, Benesch M, Sovinz P, Seidel M, Sperl D, Lanz S, Haxhija E, Reiterer F, Sorantin E, Urban CE. Sirolimus for the treatment of children with various complicated vascular anomalies. Eur J Pediatr 2015; 174:1579-84. [PMID: 26040705 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-015-2572-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Vascular anomalies include a heterogeneous group of disorders that are categorized as vascular tumors or vascular malformations. Treatment options include resection, embolization, laser therapy, and sclerotherapy or medical treatment such as propranolol, steroids, interferon, and cytostatic chemotherapy. Mammalian target of rapamycin seems to play a key role in the signal pathway of angiogenesis and subsequently in the development of vascular anomalies. Recently, the successful use of sirolimus has been reported in children with lymphatic malformations and kaposiform hemangioendotheliomas. We report on six patients with different vascular anomalies (kaposiform hemangioendothelioma n = 2, combined lymphatico-venous malformation n = 2, pulmonary lymphangiectasia n = 1, and orbital lymphatic malformation n = 1) who were treated with peroral sirolimus. Three of the children initially presented with a Kasabach-Merrit phenomenon. Median duration of treatment was 10 months; two children are still on treatment. Three children each achieved complete and partial remission. Kasabach-Merrit phenomenon resolved within 1 month in all patients. Treatment with sirolimus was tolerated well; only mild reversible leukopenia was observed. CONCLUSION Sirolimus proved to be effective in children with complicated lymphatic or lymphatico-venous malformations and kaposiform hemangioendotheliomas. Treatment was tolerated well with acceptable side effects. The optimum length of treatment and possible long-term side effects have to be evaluated. WHAT IS KNOWN • Vascular anomalies including vascular tumors and vascular malformations may lead to life-threatening conditions.• Some patients are refractory to established treatment and/or are not available for local invasive procedures. WHAT IS NEW • We reviewed the literature focusing treatment of vascular anomalies inc hildren and adolescents.• Our data support recent studies that sirolimus is an effective treatment option in patients with complicated vascular tumors andmalformations
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Affiliation(s)
- Herwig Lackner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Anna Karastaneva
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Wolfgang Schwinger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin Benesch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Petra Sovinz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Markus Seidel
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Daniela Sperl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Sofia Lanz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Emir Haxhija
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescence Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | | | - Erich Sorantin
- Division of Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Christian E Urban
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Karastaneva A, Lanz S, Wawer A, Behrends U, Schindler D, Dietrich R, Burdach S, Urban C, Benesch M, Seidel MG. Immune Thrombocytopenia in Two Unrelated Fanconi Anemia Patients - A Mere Coincidence? Front Pediatr 2015; 3:50. [PMID: 26106590 PMCID: PMC4459098 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2015.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia and pancytopenia, occurring in patients with Fanconi anemia (FA), are interpreted either as progression to bone marrow failure or as developing myelodysplasia. On the other hand, immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) represents an acquired and often self-limiting benign hematologic disorder, associated with peripheral, immune-mediated, platelet destruction requiring different management modalities than those used in congenital bone marrow failure syndromes, including FA. Here, we describe the clinical course of two independent FA patients with atypical - namely immune - thrombocytopenia. While in one patient belonging to complementation group FA-A, the ITP started at 17 months of age and showed a chronically persisting course with severe purpura, responding well to intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) and later also danazol, a synthetic androgen, the other patient (of complementation group FA-D2) had a self-limiting course that resolved after one administration of IVIG. No cytogenetic aberrations or bone marrow abnormalities other than FA-typical mild dysplasia were detected. Our data show that acute and chronic ITP may occur in FA patients and impose individual diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in this rare congenital bone marrow failure/tumor predisposition syndrome. The management and a potential context of immune pathogenesis with the underlying marrow disorder are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karastaneva
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Sofia Lanz
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Angela Wawer
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Technische Universität München , Munich , Germany
| | - Uta Behrends
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Technische Universität München , Munich , Germany
| | - Detlev Schindler
- Institute of Human Genetics, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany
| | - Ralf Dietrich
- German Fanconi Anemia Support Group , Unna , Germany
| | - Stefan Burdach
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Technische Universität München , Munich , Germany
| | - Christian Urban
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Martin Benesch
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Markus G Seidel
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz , Graz , Austria
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Rettmer H, Hoffman AM, Lanz S, Oertly M, Gerber V. Owner-reported coughing and nasal discharge are associated with clinical findings, arterial oxygen tension, mucus score and bronchoprovocation in horses with recurrent airway obstruction in a field setting. Equine Vet J 2014; 47:291-5. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Rettmer
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine; University of Berne and ALP-Haras; Switzerland
| | - A. M. Hoffman
- Department of Clinical Sciences; Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - S. Lanz
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine; University of Berne and ALP-Haras; Switzerland
| | - M. Oertly
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine; University of Berne and ALP-Haras; Switzerland
| | - V. Gerber
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine; University of Berne and ALP-Haras; Switzerland
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8
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Seifert F, Lanz S, Maihöfner C. Brain activity associated with pain and hyperalgesia: an ale meta-analysis. Akt Neurol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Schneider N, Lanz S, Ramer R, Schaefer D, Goppelt-Struebe M. Up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-1 in neuroblastoma cell lines by retinoic acid and corticosteroids. J Neurochem 2001; 77:416-24. [PMID: 11299304 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00264.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenases-1 and -2 are both expressed in neuronal cells in vivo. In the neuroblastoma cell lines NG108 and N2a, however, only cyclooxygenase-1 was detectable. Differentiation of the cells with retinoic acid increased cyclooxygenase-1 mRNA and protein expression within 24 and 48 h, respectively. A further increase was observed when the cells were concomitantly treated with the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (a 2-3-fold increase compared with retinoic acid alone). In the absence of retinoic acid, dexamethasone only slightly up-regulated cyclooxygenase-1 expression. The inhibitor of protein synthesis cycloheximide abrogated the effect of dexamethasone, indicating the involvement of newly synthesised proteins. Retinoic acid increased the transcription of cyclooxygenase-1 mRNA, determined with a luciferase-coupled promoter construct. Dexamethasone only slightly augmented cyclooxygenase-1-promoter activity but increased cyclooxygenase-1 mRNA stability. Other corticosteroids, hydrocortisone and aldosterone, also up-regulated cyclooxygenase-1 whereas neurosteroids or oestrogen were ineffective. Up-regulation was mediated primarily by the glucocorticoid receptor, because the receptor antagonist RU486 strongly reduced the effects of all corticosteroids. This indicated that in NG108 cells, the mineralocorticoid aldosterone may bind to the glucocorticoid receptor. Treatment of NG108 or N2a cells with corticosteroids did not alter the morphological phenotype obtained during differentiation. We thus show that corticosteroids, which down-regulate cyclooxygenase expression in most cell types, up-regulate cyclooxygenase-1 during neuronal differentiation.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones/pharmacology
- Aldosterone/pharmacology
- Animals
- Benzimidazoles/pharmacology
- Bucladesine/pharmacology
- Calcimycin/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cycloheximide/pharmacology
- Cyclooxygenase 1
- Cyclooxygenase 2
- Dehydroepiandrosterone/pharmacology
- Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate/pharmacology
- Dexamethasone/pharmacology
- Dinoprostone/biosynthesis
- Drug Synergism
- Enzyme Induction/drug effects
- Estradiol/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Genes, Reporter
- Glioma/enzymology
- Glioma/pathology
- Hybrid Cells/drug effects
- Hybrid Cells/enzymology
- Hydrocortisone/pharmacology
- Ionophores/pharmacology
- Isoenzymes/biosynthesis
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Luciferases/biosynthesis
- Luciferases/genetics
- Membrane Proteins
- Mice
- Mifepristone/pharmacology
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/biosynthesis
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Neuroblastoma/enzymology
- Neuroblastoma/pathology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/biosynthesis
- Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/genetics
- Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/drug effects
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/physiology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/biosynthesis
- Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
- Transfection
- Tretinoin/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/enzymology
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Affiliation(s)
- N Schneider
- Medizinische Klinik IV, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany Kompetenzzentrum Umweltmedizin, Rupprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Abstract
A new synthesis of chlorins has been developed, based upon the acid-catalyzed condensation of dialdehydes AB with dipyrromethanes CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Jacobi
- Burke Chemical Laboratory, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.
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Abstract
Hypoxia inducible factors (HIF) are candidate transcriptional regulators of vascular development. Unlike HIF-1alpha - the founding member of the HIF family - which is expressed more or less ubiquitously, HIF-2alpha (also called HRF, HLF and EPAS1) is highly expressed by vascular endothelial cells and was shown to activate the transcription of endothelial cell-specific receptor tyrosine kinases (tie-2 and flk-1/VEGF receptor 2) and of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Therefore HIF-2alpha is a candidate dual regulator of vascular development. Here we describe the quail homologue of HIF-2alpha. Sequence analysis reveals that HIF-2alpha is highly conserved between birds and mammals. Like the murine HIF-2alpha, the quail molecule is highly expressed by endothelial cells but also detectable in certain epithelial cells such as in the endoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Elvert
- Zentrum für Molekulare Medizin der Universität zu Köln, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9, D-50931, Köln, Germany
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