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Klemm S, Evert K, Utpatel K, Muggli A, Simile MM, Chen X, Evert M, Calvisi DF, Scheiter A. Identification of DUSP4/6 overexpression as a potential rheostat to NRAS-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1086. [PMID: 37946160 PMCID: PMC10636894 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11577-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upregulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is common in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (NRAS) is mutated in a small percentage of HCC and is hitherto considered insufficient for hepatocarcinogenesis. We aimed to characterize the process of N-Ras-dependent carcinogenesis in the liver and to identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. METHODS NRAS V12 plasmid was delivered into the mouse liver via hydrodynamic tail vein injection (HTVI). The resulting tumours, preneoplastic lesions, and normal tissue were characterized by NanoString® gene expression analysis, Western Blot, and Immunohistochemistry (IHC). The results were further confirmed by in vitro analyses of HCC cell lines. RESULTS HTVI with NRAS V12 plasmid resulted in the gradual formation of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in the liver three months post-injection. These lesions mostly showed characteristics of HCC, with some exceptions of spindle cell/ cholangiocellular differentiation. Progressive upregulation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signalling was detectable in the lesions by Western Blot and IHC. NanoString® gene expression analysis of preneoplastic and tumorous tissue revealed a gradual overexpression of the cancer stem cell marker CD133 and Dual Specificity Phosphatases 4 and 6 (DUSP4/6). In vitro, transfection of HCC cell lines with NRAS V12 plasmid resulted in a coherent upregulation of DUSP4 and DUSP6. Paradoxically, this upregulation in PLC/PRF/5 cells was accompanied by a downregulation of phosphorylated extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (pERK), suggesting an overshooting compensation. Silencing of DUSP4 and DUSP6 increased proliferation in HCC cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to prior assumptions, the G12V NRAS mutant form is sufficient to elicit hepatocarcinogenesis in the mouse. Furthermore, the upregulation of the MAPK cascade was paralleled by the overexpression of DUSP4, DUSP6, and CD133 in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, DUSP4 and DUSP6 might fine-tune the excessive MAPK activation, a mechanism that can potentially be harnessed therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Klemm
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katja Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kirsten Utpatel
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Muggli
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria M Simile
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Xin Chen
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Matthias Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Pohl C, Schmidt B, Nunez Guitar T, Klemm S, Gusovius HJ, Platzk S, Kruggel-Emden H, Klunker A, Völlmecke C, Fleck C, Meyer V. Establishment of the basidiomycete Fomes fomentarius for the production of composite materials. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2022; 9:4. [PMID: 35209941 PMCID: PMC8876124 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-022-00133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Filamentous fungi of the phylum Basidiomycota are considered as an attractive source for the biotechnological production of composite materials. The ability of many basidiomycetes to accept residual lignocellulosic plant biomass from agriculture and forestry such as straw, shives and sawdust as substrates and to bind and glue together these otherwise loose but reinforcing substrate particles into their mycelial network, makes them ideal candidates to produce biological composites to replace petroleum-based synthetic plastics and foams in the near future. Results Here, we describe for the first time the application potential of the tinder fungus Fomes fomentarius for lab-scale production of mycelium composites. We used fine, medium and coarse particle fractions of hemp shives and rapeseed straw to produce a set of diverse composite materials and show that the mechanical materials properties are dependent on the nature and particle size of the substrates. Compression tests and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize composite material properties and to model their compression behaviour by numerical simulations. Their properties were compared amongst each other and with the benchmark expanded polystyrene (EPS), a petroleum-based foam used for thermal isolation in the construction industry. Our analyses uncovered that EPS shows an elastic modulus of 2.37 ± 0.17 MPa which is 4-times higher compared to the F. fomentarius composite materials whereas the compressive strength of 0.09 ± 0.003 MPa is in the range of the fungal composite material. However, when comparing the ability to take up compressive forces at higher strain values, the fungal composites performed better than EPS. Hemp-shive based composites were able to resist a compressive force of 0.2 MPa at 50% compression, rapeseed composites 0.3 MPa but EPS only 0.15 MPa. Conclusion The data obtained in this study suggest that F. fomentarius constitutes a promising cell factory for the future production of fungal composite materials with similar mechanical behaviour as synthetic foams such as EPS. Future work will focus on designing materials characteristics through optimizing substrate properties, cultivation conditions and by modulating growth and cell wall composition of F. fomentarius, i.e. factors that contribute on the meso- and microscale level to the composite behaviour. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40694-022-00133-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Pohl
- Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bertram Schmidt
- Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tamara Nunez Guitar
- Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Klemm
- Chair of Materials Science and Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Gusovius
- Department of Post Harvest Technology, Leibniz-Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stefan Platzk
- Chair of Mechanical Process Engineering and Solids Processing (MVTA), Technische Universität Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Harald Kruggel-Emden
- Chair of Mechanical Process Engineering and Solids Processing (MVTA), Technische Universität Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andre Klunker
- Stability and Failure of Functionally Optimized Structures Group, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Völlmecke
- Stability and Failure of Functionally Optimized Structures Group, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Fleck
- Chair of Materials Science and Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Vera Meyer
- Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
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Smidt E, Tintner J, Nelle O, Oliveira RR, Patzlaff R, Novotny EH, Klemm S. Infrared spectroscopy refines chronological assessment, depositional environment and pyrolysis conditions of archeological charcoals. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12427. [PMID: 32709969 PMCID: PMC7381679 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on infrared spectral characteristics, six archeological sample sets of charcoals from German (5) and Brazilian (1) sites, covering the time span from the nineteenth century CE to 3950 BCE, were compared to a chronological (present to the fifteenth century BCE) series of Austrian charcoals. A typical chronological trend of several bands (stretch vibrations: O–C–O of carboxylates at 1,585–1,565 and 1,385–1,375 cm−1, C–O carboxylic acids at 1,260–1,250 cm−1) that indicate oxidation and subsequently increasing hydrophilicity (O–H stretch vibration at about 3,400 cm−1) was also contained in the archive samples. Three sample sets fit in the typical band development according to their age. For three sample sets this conformity was not observed. Despite the age of two sample sets (3950–2820 BCE), most charcoals were assigned to the Modern Period. Apart from the high degree of carbonization, anaerobic depositional conditions over a longer period of time seem to contribute to the surprising conservation. Non-removable mineral components in charcoals, as observed in a third sample set, strongly influence infrared band intensities and positions of organic compounds. The role of inorganic components in terms of charcoal aging, and the information we can obtain from spectral characteristics in an archeological context, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Smidt
- Institute of Physics and Materials Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter Jordan Straße 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Tintner
- Institute of Physics and Materials Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter Jordan Straße 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - O Nelle
- State Office for Cultural Heritage Baden-Württemberg, Tree-ring lab, Fischersteig 9, 78343, Gaienhofen-Hemmenhofen, Germany
| | - R R Oliveira
- Departamento de Geografia e Meio Ambiente, PUC-Rio Rua Marquês de S. Vicente, 225, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22451-900, Brazil
| | - R Patzlaff
- Anthropological Collections at the Archaeobotanical and Landscape Lab of the National Museum, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - E H Novotny
- Embrapa Soil, R. Jardim Botânico, 1024, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22460-000, Brazil
| | - S Klemm
- Archaeology & Communication, Lammgasse 3/12, 1080, Vienna, Austria
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Schröer S, Mayer-Beger W, Klemm S, Pieper C. Telefonbasierte Nachsorge in der kardiologischen Rehabilitation – Quantitative und qualitative Evaluation von Akzeptanz und Wirksamkeit. Gesundheitswesen 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1586518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Neuhaus C, Röhrig R, Hofmann G, Klemm S, Neuhaus S, Hofer S, Thalheimer M, Weigand MA, Lichtenstern C. [Patient safety in anesthesiology : Multimodal strategies for perioperative care]. Anaesthesist 2015; 64:911-926. [PMID: 26636142 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-015-0115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The concept of patient safety is more of a presence in modern day medicine than ever before. All measures and processes aiming at preempting and preventing critical incidents and accidents in patient care are collectively grouped under this concept. With the Declaration of Helsinki in 2010 modern anesthesiology has undertaken a fundamental role in the clinical implementation and perioperative clinicians are confronted with a multitude of theories, models, methods and tools targeted at improving or facilitating optimized patient safety. One of the biggest challenges lies in their synergistic combination to create a functioning concept for perioperative risk management while also incorporating individual strengths and weaknesses. The aim of the present paper is to provide a structured overview of the various components presently available for increasing perioperative patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Neuhaus
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
| | - R Röhrig
- Abteilung Medizinische Informatik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Deutschland
| | - G Hofmann
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - S Klemm
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - S Neuhaus
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - S Hofer
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - M Thalheimer
- Abteilung Qualitätsmanagement/Medizincontrolling, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - M A Weigand
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - C Lichtenstern
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland
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Fakhrian K, Sauer T, Dinkel A, Klemm S, Schuster T, Molls M, Geinitz H. Chronic adverse events and quality of life after radiochemotherapy in anal cancer patients. A single institution experience and review of the literature. Strahlenther Onkol 2013; 189:486-94. [PMID: 23636349 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-013-0314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report on chronic adverse events (CAE) and quality of life (QOL) after radiochemotherapy (RCT) in patients with anal cancer (AC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Of 83 patients who had received RCT at our department between 1988 and 2011, 51 accepted the invitation to participate in this QOL study. CAE were evaluated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v. 4.0 and QOL was assessed with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal (FACT-C) questionnaire. RESULTS CAE could be evaluated in 49 patients. There was a tendency toward a higher rate of grade 3 CAE in female patients, i.e. 18 out of 37 (49 %) vs. 2 out of 12 (17 %) male patients (p = 0.089). The most common grade 3 CAE were dyspareunia and vaginal symptoms (itching, burning and dryness) in 35 and 22 % of female patients, respectively, followed by stool incontinence in 13 % of all patients (6 out of 49). Both FACT-C and CAE information were available for 42 patients, allowing evaluation of the impact of CAE on QOL. The median total FACT-C score was 110 (40-132) out of a possible maximum of 136. The absence of grade 3 CAE (115 vs. 94, p = 0.001); an interval of ≥ 67 months after the end of the treatment (111 vs. 107, p = 0.010), no stool incontinence vs. grade 3 stool incontinence (111 vs. 74, p = 0.009), higher education (114 vs. 107, p = 0.013) and no dyspareunia vs. grade 3 dyspareunia (116 vs. 93, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with a higher median FACT-C score. CONCLUSION The majority of AC patients treated with RCT have acceptable overall QOL scores, which are comparable to those of the normal population. Patients with grade 3 CAE-particularly dyspareunia and fecal incontinence-have a poorer QOL compared to patients without CAE. In order to improve long-term QOL, future strategies might aim at a reduction in dose to the genitalia and more intensive patient support measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fakhrian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Marienhospital Herne, Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, Herne, Germany.
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Fakhrian K, Klemm S, Keller U, Bayer C, Riedl W, Molls M, Geinitz H. Erratum to: Radiotherapy in stage I-III follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Retrospective analysis of a series of 50 patients. Strahlenther Onkol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00066-012-0279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fakhrian K, Klemm S, Keller U, Bayer C, Riedl W, Molls M, Geinitz H. Radiotherapy in stage I-III follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Retrospective analysis of a series of 50 patients. Strahlenther Onkol 2012; 188:464-70. [PMID: 22349634 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-011-0057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this work was to analyze the response rate and outcome of patients with stage I-III follicular lymphoma (FL) treated with radiotherapy (RT) alone. PATIENTS AND METHODS The records of 50 consecutive patients with stage I-III FL treated with RT alone at our department from 1988-2009 were analyzed. The median age was 60 years (range 32-80 years) with a median follow-up duration of 8 years (range 4-11 years). Clinical staging was performed according to the Ann Arbor system. Stage I: 30 patients (60%), stage II: 15 patients (30%), stage III: 5 patients (10%). Thirty-two patients (64%) presented with nodal disease, 14 patients (28%) presented with disease in extranodal sites, and 4 patients (8%) had nodal and extranodal involvement. The RT field encompassed only the involved Ann Arbor nodal regions (involved-field RT) in 26 patients (52%), mantle and whole abdominopelvic fields in 6 patients (12%), mantle field in 10 patients (20%), whole abdominopelvic fields in 5 patients (10%), and a so-called mini-mantle in 3 patients (6%). The total RT dose ranged from 26-56 Gy (median 40 Gy) in daily fractions of 1.2-2.5 Gy. RESULTS Complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR) were observed in 39 (76%) and 9 (20%) patients, respectively. Only 2 of 8 patients (25%) with tumor bulk > 5 cm reached CR, whereas 37 of 42 patients (88%) with a maximum lymphoma diameter < 5 cm achieved CR (p = 0.0001). The median overall survival (OS) and median event-free survival (EFS) were 18 years (CI 95% 10-26 years) and 7 years (6-8 years), respectively. The 2-, 5-, and 10-year OS were 96 ± 3%, 90 ± 5%, and 70 ± 9%, respectively. The 2-, 5-, and 10-year EFS were 90 ± 5%, 70 ± 7%, and 38 ± 9%, respectively. Fifteen patients developed a recurrence outside the radiation field (30%) and 4 patients developed an in-field recurrence (8%). All in-field recurrences were observed in regions without clinical (macroscopic) involvement, which were irradiated with a dose of ≤ 26 Gy. Pretreatment maximum lymphoma diameter < 5 cm (p = 0.039) and complete remission after RT (p = 0.021) were significantly associated with a better OS in the univariate analysis. CONCLUSION RT is a curative option in the treatment of limited stage FL. If RT of microscopically uninvolved area is necessary, a reduction in the radiation dose should be carefully weighed against the risk of in-field recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fakhrian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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Haering P, Nill S, Janisch E, Klemm S, Rhein B. SU-FF-T-327: Online IMRT Verification by Flat Panel Measured Entrance Doses. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2760990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Rzanny R, Klemm S, Reichenbach JR, Pfleiderer SOR, Schmidt B, Volz HP, Blanz B, Kaiser WA. 31P-MR spectroscopy in children and adolescents with a familial risk of schizophrenia. Eur Radiol 2003; 13:763-70. [PMID: 12664115 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-002-1565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2001] [Revised: 05/14/2002] [Accepted: 05/27/2002] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Based on a previous report [9] on alterations of membrane phosphorus metabolism in asymptomatic family members of schizophrenic patients, the aim of the present study was to extend and improve the evaluation and data processing of (31)P spectroscopic data obtained from a larger study population by including an analysis of the broad spectral component (BC) of membrane phospholipids (PL). Eighteen children and siblings of patients with schizophrenia and a gender- and age-matched control group of 18 healthy subjects without familial schizophrenia were investigated with phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((31)P-MRS) by using image selected in vivo spectroscopy (ISIS) in the dorsolateral prefrontal regions (DLPFR) of the brain. Spectral analysis was performed by using both the full and truncated FID to estimate metabolic peak ratios of different (31)P metabolites and the intensity and linewidth of the broad component. A significantly higher PDE level (p<0.01) and increased linewidth of the PDE components were observed for the high-risk group compared with the control group (p=0.02). No significant differences were observed for PME as well as for other (31)P-metabolites. No differences were observed between the left and right hemispheres for different normalised (31)P-metabolic levels. Decreased intensities (p=0.03) and smaller linewidths (p=0.01) were obtained for the broad component in the high-risk group. Impairments of membrane metabolism that are typical for schizophrenic patients are partially observed in adolescent asymptomatic family members of schizophrenics, including increased levels of low molecular PDE compounds indicating increased membrane degradation processes, no changes for PME, and decreased intensities and linewidths of the BC indicating changes in the composition and fluidity of membrane phospholipids. Despite limitations to completely suppress fast-relaxing components by dismissing initial FID data points, the spectroscopic results indicate additional changes in the membrane metabolism of high-risk subjects beyond changes of synthesis and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rzanny
- Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Abteilung MT, Klinikum der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07741 Jena, Germany.
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Rzanny R, Freesmeyer D, Reichenbach JR, Mentzel HJ, Pfleiderer SOR, Klemm S, Gerhard UJ, Blanz B, Kaiser WA. [31P-MR spectroscopy of the brain in patients with anorexia nervosa: characteristic differences in the spectra between patients and healthy control subjects]. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2003; 175:75-82. [PMID: 12525985 DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-36611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether 31 P-MR spectroscopy can detect reduced concentrations of high-energy phosphates, like PCr and NTP, caused by decreased metabolic activity in the brain of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and, furthermore, whether any impairment of the cerebral membrane metabolism can be derived from the spectra. MATERIAL AND METHODS 10 female patients, age range 12 - 20 years and mean BMI (body mass index) of 14.8 +/- 1.6 kg/m 2, with clinically diagnosed AN (ICD-10, F50.0) and 10 healthy control subjects, age range 12 - 21 years and mean BMI 19.0 +/- 2.1 kg/m 2, without nutritional disturbances: were investigated. 31P-MR spectroscopy was performed with a 1.5 T MRI unit using single volume selection in the frontal/prefrontal region of brain. Relative metabolic concentrations were quantified by normalizing the peak areas of the metabolites with the total area of the complete phosphorous spectrum, P tot, as well as with the peak area of beta-NTP. RESULTS Significant differences between the two groups were observed for the metabolic ratios PDE/P tot, PDE/beta-NTP and alpha-NTP/P tot which were lower in the patient group except for alpha-NTP/P tot. These ratios also revealed a statistically significant correlation with the BMI (r PDE/Ptot = 0.747, r PDE/beta-NTP = 0.57, r alpha-NTP/Ptot = -0.56; p </= 0.1). Reduced relative concentrations of PCr/P tot, beta-NTP/P tot or Pi/P tot were not encountered. CONCLUSION The lowered PDE/P tot ratio for patients with AN and its correlation with BMI suggests that decreased BMI induces compositional changes of the phospholipids in the brain, which decrease the fraction of mobile phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rzanny
- Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Klinikum der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany.
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Klemm S, Rzanny R, Riehemann S, Volz HP, Schmidt B, Gerhard UJ, Filz C, Schönberg A, Mentzel HJ, Kaiser WA, Blanz B. Cerebral phosphate metabolism in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158:958-60. [PMID: 11384908 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.6.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((31)P-MRS) studies have described measures of lower membrane anabolism or greater catabolism in the frontal lobes of patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether these findings can also be detected in young subjects at genetic risk for schizophrenia. METHOD Fourteen children and siblings of patients with schizophrenia (mean age=16.7 years) and 14 comparison subjects (mean age=16.9 years) were included in a (31)P-MRS study of the frontal lobe. RESULTS The high-risk subjects had significantly lower mean ratios of phosphomonoesters to phosphodiesters (0.25 versus 0.31) and higher mean phosphodiester values (37.59% versus 34.87%) than comparison subjects. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest greater phospholipid breakdown even in young first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia. This suggestion is discussed with respect to the membrane phospholipid hypothesis of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Klemm
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 3-5, D-07740 Jena, Germany.
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Klemm S, Gerhard UJ, Blanz B. [Risk for schizophrenia and diagnostic image of cerebral membrane metabolism]. Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother 2001; 29:50-8. [PMID: 11234552 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917.29.1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
In recent years neurobiological research on the etiology of schizophrenia has became increasingly important. In terms of a vulnerability-stress model, structural and functional cerebral alterations in schizophrenics and subjects with a genetic risk for schizophrenia are presented together with hypotheses for disturbances of neurodevelopment or neurodegeneration developed from these implications. A detailed description follows of a neurobiochemical paradigm on the disturbance of metabolism of membrane-phospholipids. 31Phosphorous Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy allows the detection of indicators of this possible endo-phenotype. The possibilities and limitations of this method are explained, as are findings up to the present. Finally, it is discussed that specific pre-, peri- and postnatal influences on the cerebral metabolism of lipids, and thus on cerebral development, may be related to structural and functional cerebral changes in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Klemm
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena.
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Müller M, Schindler E, Kwapisz M, Klemm S, Akintürk H, Heidt M, Hempelmann G. Effect of intraoperative angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition by quinaprilat on hypertension after coronary artery surgery. Br J Anaesth 2000; 84:396-8. [PMID: 10793603 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bja.a013446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the renin-angiotensin system during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may be involved in early postoperative hypertension after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). As hypertensive episodes may be deleterious in the immediate postoperative period, we have assessed the effects of prophylactic treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor quinaprilat in an open study. During steady state CPB, patients received quinaprilat 0.02 mg kg-1 (group A, n = 10), quinaprilat 0.04 mg kg-1 (group B, n = 10) or saline solution (group C, n = 10) as an i.v. bolus dose. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was given after operation when systolic arterial pressure was > 150 mm Hg. Requirements for SNP 1 h after arrival in the ICU were significantly less in groups A (two of 10) and B (two of 10) than in group C (eight of 10). Also, patients in group C had a greater systolic arterial pressure compared with groups A and B. There were no significant differences between groups in diastolic arterial pressure, heart rate, cardiac index or cardiac filling pressures. We conclude that quinaprilat can be used during CABG to reduce the incidence of postoperative hypertension. Further studies of the efficacy and safety of this technique are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Müller
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
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15
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Iida A, Blake K, Tunny T, Klemm S, Stowasser M, Hayward N, Gordon R, Nakamura Y, Imai T. Allelic losses on chromosome band 11q13 in aldosterone-producing adrenal tumors. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 1995; 12:73-5. [PMID: 7534116 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.2870120114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 14 aldosterone-producing adrenal tumors, with six linearly ordered restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers that map within a 12-cM region containing the MEN1 locus on 11q13. Among 11 tumors that were informative for at least one marker, five showed LOH at one or more loci, and two distinct regions of deletion were identified. The proximal region overlapped with the location of the MEN1 locus previously predicted by linkage analyses in MEN1 families and the commonly deleted region in hyperparathyroid tumors. This suggests that one of the genes associated with development of aldosterone-producing adrenal tumors may coincide with the MEN1 locus, and that a second gene, distal to the MEN1 locus, may also play a role in the development of this type of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iida
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Klemm S, Pinet F, Rioual-Caroff N, Tunny T, Corvol P, Gordon R. Detection of renin mRNA in aldosterone-producing adenomas by polymerase chain reaction. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1993; 20:303-5. [PMID: 8324913 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.1993.tb01689.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
1. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from two normal human adrenal cortices and from five aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA). 2. The five APA could be categorized, on the basis of in vivo aldosterone responsiveness to angiotensin infusion and upright posture, into two APA responsive to both stimuli, two responsive only to angiotensin infusion, and one unresponsive to either stimulus. 3. RNA was reverse transcribed and coamplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with an internal standard of renin complementary DNA (cDNA) containing a 60 base pair insertion. Renin mRNA in the APA was compared with normal adrenals. 4. Renin mRNA was greater than normal in the two APA responsive to both stimuli and less than, or similar to normal, in the two APA responsive only to angiotensin infusion. Renin mRNA was also less than, or similar to normal, in the APA unresponsive to either stimulus. 5. These findings support a possible role for adrenal renin in the development and biochemical behaviour of angiotensin-responsive APA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Klemm
- Endocrine-Hypertension Research Unit, Greenslopes Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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17
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Fedders PA, Drabold DA, Klemm S. Defects, tight binding, and first-principles molecular-dynamics simulations on a-Si. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1992; 45:4048-4055. [PMID: 10002017 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.4048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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18
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19
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Raschke R, Scholl W, Klemm S, Husfeldt KJ. [Spontaneous rupture of the arteria hepatica propria]. Chirurg 1991; 62:566-8. [PMID: 1935384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Raschke
- Chirurgische Abteilung, Diakonissenkrankenhauses Karlsruhe-Rüppurr
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20
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Dow JD, Hong RD, Klemm S, Ren SY, Tsai M, Sankey OF, Kasowski RV. Proposed explanation of the p-type doping proclivity of ZnTe. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 43:4396-4407. [PMID: 9997793 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.4396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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21
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Drabold DA, Wang R, Klemm S, Sankey OF, Dow JD. Efficient ab initio molecular-dynamics simulations of carbon. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 43:5132-5134. [PMID: 9997891 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.5132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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22
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Richter G, Heidenbluth I, Klemm S. [Problems in the evaluation of lymphocyte transformation tests]. Dermatol Monatsschr 1978; 164:30-5. [PMID: 631406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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23
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Koch R, Klemm S. Zur Frage des Strahlenschutzes durch Nikotinsäureamid. Nuklearmedizin 1962. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1621188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungNikotinsäureamid hat einen Strahlenschutzeffekt an röntgenbestrahlten Ehrlich-Asziteszellen dagegen nicht bei ganzkörperbestrahlten Mäusen. Die Schutzwirkung bezieht sich nicht nur auf die Angangsrate der Tumorzellen, sondern auch auf die anaerobe Glykolyse und die stationäre DPN-Konzentration. Die beiden letzteren Mechanismen sind wesentlich strahlenresistenter als die Transplantierbarkeit der Tumoren. Aus diesem Grunde kann der Schutzeffekt an der Ausgangsrate nicht durch einen solchen der Glykolyse oder der DPN-Konzentration erklärt werden.
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