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Agostini A, Centofanti S. Normal Sleep in Children and Adolescence. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2024; 47:1-14. [PMID: 38302199 DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Adequate sleep is essential for healthy development in childhood and adolescence. Healthy sleep contributes to good physical health, immune function, mental health, and academic performance. The regulation and architecture of sleep change greatly across childhood and adolescence, and the ability to obtain sufficient sleep is impacted by a range of factors that change with maturation. This article describes normal sleep across childhood and adolescence and discusses some of the most common barriers to adequate sleep, including early school start times, technology use, and changes to circadian rhythms, and sleep homeostasis across puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Agostini
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Stephanie Centofanti
- UniSA Online, University of South Australia, University of South Australia Online, L4, Catherine Helen Spence Building, City West Campus, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
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Jacob T, Centofanti S. Effectiveness of H5P in improving student learning outcomes in an online tertiary education setting. J Comput High Educ 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37359040 PMCID: PMC10019397 DOI: 10.1007/s12528-023-09361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Innovative, pedagogically informed instructional design is instrumental in increasing student engagement and improving learning outcomes in online learning environments. Interactive learning resources provide students with the opportunity to engage with content in a more personalised manner. H5P (HTML 5 Package) is a collaborative platform that allows developers to create interactive content and has been regularly used in education settings. Some evidence suggests using interactive H5P resources in online education courses could lead to greater student engagement. However, to date, there has been little investigation into whether H5P resources can improve student learning outcomes. The current study aimed to assess whether using interactive H5P resources improved assessed learning outcomes in an online undergraduate psychology course. A randomized cross-over design was utilized to test whether students exposed to H5P interactive videos had improved assessment results when compared to a control group. This study found no meaningful differences in assessment scores between students exposed to H5P versus those that were not. There was low overall engagement with the interactive content. However, students who did engage with the resources reported a positive experience and indicated a preference for more interactive elements in future courses. Future research should extend on the instructional design obstacles identified in this study, for example, by examining whether improved accessibility and education on the benefits of interactive resources would increase engagement and grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarosh Jacob
- University of South Australia Online, UniSA City West Campus, Adelaide, South Australia 5000 Australia
| | - Stephanie Centofanti
- University of South Australia Online, UniSA City West Campus, Adelaide, South Australia 5000 Australia
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Abstract
Adequate sleep is essential for healthy development in childhood and adolescence. Healthy sleep contributes to good physical health, immune function, mental health, and academic performance. The regulation and architecture of sleep change greatly across childhood and adolescence, and the ability to obtain sufficient sleep is impacted by a range of factors that change with maturation. This article describes normal sleep across childhood and adolescence and discusses some of the most common barriers to adequate sleep, including early school start times, technology use, and changes to circadian rhythms, and sleep homeostasis across puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Agostini
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Stephanie Centofanti
- UniSA Online, University of South Australia, University of South Australia Online, L4, Catherine Helen Spence Building, City West Campus, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
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Gupta CC, Centofanti S, Dorrian J, Coates AM, Stepien JM, Kennaway D, Wittert G, Heilbronn L, Catcheside P, Tuckwell GA, Coro D, Chandrakumar D, Banks S. The impact of a meal, snack, or not eating during the night shift on simulated driving performance post-shift. Scand J Work Environ Health 2021; 47:78-84. [PMID: 33190160 PMCID: PMC7801136 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The commute home following a night shift is associated with an increased risk for accidents. This study investigated the relationship between food intake during the night shift and simulated driving performance post-shift. Methods: Healthy non-shift working males (N=23) and females (N=16), aged 18–39 years (mean 24.5, standard deviation 5.0, years) participated in a seven-day laboratory study and underwent four simulated night shifts Participants were randomly allocated to one of three conditions: meal at night (N=12; 7 males), snack at night (N=13; 7 males) or no eating at night (N=14; 9 males). During the night shift at 00:30 hours, participants either ate a large meal (meal at night condition), a snack (snack at night condition), or did not eat during the night shift (no eating at night condition). During the second simulated night shift, participants performed a 40-minute York driving simulation at 20:00, 22:30, 01:30, 04:00, and 07:30 hours (similar time to a commute from work). Results: The effects of eating condition, drive time, and time-on-task, on driving performance were examined using mixed model analyses. Significant condition×time interactions were found, where at 07:30 hours, those in the meal at night condition displayed significant increases in time spent outside of the safe zone (percentage of time spent outside 10 km/hour of the speed limit and 0.8 meters of the lane center; P<0.05), and greater lane and speed variability (both P<0.01) compared to the snack and no eating conditions. There were no differences between the snack and no eating conditions. Conclusion: Driver safety during the simulated commute home is greater following the night shift if a snack, rather than a meal, is consumed during the shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte C Gupta
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, 44 Greenhill Road, Wayville 5034, Adelaide, Australia.
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Centofanti S, Lushington K, Wicking A, Wicking P, Fuller A, Janz P, Dorrian J. Establishing norms for mental well‐being in young people (7–19 years) using the General Health Questionnaire‐12. Australian Journal of Psychology 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ajpy.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Centofanti
- School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,
| | - Kurt Lushington
- School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,
| | - Andrew Wicking
- Resilient Youth Australia Limited, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Peter Wicking
- Resilient Youth Australia Limited, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Andrew Fuller
- Resilient Youth Australia Limited, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Philip Janz
- Resilient Youth Australia Limited, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia,
| | - Jillian Dorrian
- School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,
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Centofanti S, Banks S, Coussens S, Gray D, Munro E, Nielsen J, Dorrian J. A pilot study investigating the impact of a caffeine-nap on alertness during a simulated night shift. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1469-1473. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1804922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Siobhan Banks
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Scott Coussens
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Darren Gray
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Emily Munro
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Johnathon Nielsen
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jillian Dorrian
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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Gupta CC, Centofanti S, Dorrian J, Coates A, Stepien JM, Kennaway D, Wittert G, Heilbronn L, Catcheside P, Noakes M, Coro D, Chandrakumar D, Banks S. Altering meal timing to improve cognitive performance during simulated nightshifts. Chronobiol Int 2019; 36:1691-1713. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1676256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte C Gupta
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stephanie Centofanti
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- University of South Australia Online, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jillian Dorrian
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison Coates
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jacqueline M Stepien
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - David Kennaway
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Gary Wittert
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Leonie Heilbronn
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- South Australia Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter Catcheside
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide Australia
| | - Manny Noakes
- Food and Nutrition Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Daniel Coro
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dilushi Chandrakumar
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Siobhan Banks
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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Gupta CC, Centofanti S, Dorrian J, Coates AM, Stepien JM, Kennaway D, Wittert G, Heilbronn L, Catcheside P, Noakes M, Coro D, Chandrakumar D, Banks S. Subjective Hunger, Gastric Upset, and Sleepiness in Response to Altered Meal Timing during Simulated Shiftwork. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061352. [PMID: 31208092 PMCID: PMC6628383 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiftworkers report eating during the night when the body is primed to sleep. This study investigated the impact of altering food timing on subjective responses. Healthy participants (n = 44, 26 male, age Mean ± SD = 25.0 ± 2.9 years, BMI = 23.82 ± 2.59kg/m2) participated in a 7-day simulated shiftwork protocol. Participants were randomly allocated to one of three eating conditions. At 00:30, participants consumed a meal comprising 30% of 24 h energy intake (Meal condition; n = 14, 8 males), a snack comprising 10% of 24 h energy intake (Snack condition; n = 14; 8 males) or did not eat during the night (No Eating condition; n = 16, 10 males). Total 24 h individual energy intake and macronutrient content was constant across conditions. During the night, participants reported hunger, gut reaction, and sleepiness levels at 21:00, 23:30, 2:30, and 5:00. Mixed model analyses revealed that the snack condition reported significantly more hunger than the meal group (p < 0.001) with the no eating at night group reporting the greatest hunger (p < 0.001). There was no difference in desire to eat between meal and snack groups. Participants reported less sleepiness after the snack compared to after the meal (p < 0.001) or when not eating during the night (p< 0.001). Gastric upset did not differ between conditions. A snack during the nightshift could alleviate hunger during the nightshift without causing fullness or increased sleepiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte C Gupta
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, 5072 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Stephanie Centofanti
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, 5072 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Jillian Dorrian
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, 5072 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Alison M Coates
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, 5072 Adelaide, Australia.
- Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, 5000 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Jacqueline M Stepien
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, 5072 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - David Kennaway
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, 5000 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Gary Wittert
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, 5000Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Leonie Heilbronn
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, 5000Adelaide, Australia.
- South Australia Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), 5000 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Peter Catcheside
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, 5042 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Manny Noakes
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation - Food and Nutrition Flagship, 5000 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Daniel Coro
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, 5072 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Dilushi Chandrakumar
- Cognitive Ageing Impairment Neurosciences Laboratory, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, 5072 Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Siobhan Banks
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, 5072 Adelaide, Australia.
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Gray DM, Banks S, Dorrian J, Munro E, Nielsen J, Centofanti S. 0191 Combining Caffeine and a Nap to Improve Alertness During a Simulated Nightshift. Sleep 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz067.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Darren M Gray
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory (SCBL), Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre (BBB), University of South Australia (UniSA), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Siobhan Banks
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory (SCBL), Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre (BBB), University of South Australia (UniSA), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jill Dorrian
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory (SCBL), Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre (BBB), University of South Australia (UniSA), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Emily Munro
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory (SCBL), Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre (BBB), University of South Australia (UniSA), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Johnathon Nielsen
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory (SCBL), Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre (BBB), University of South Australia (UniSA), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stephanie Centofanti
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory (SCBL), Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre (BBB), University of South Australia (UniSA), Adelaide, Australia
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Abstract
An emerging literature is specifically focusing on the effects of sleep deprivation on aspects of social functioning and underlying neural changes. Two critical facets of social behavior emerge that are negatively impacted by sleep deprivation-self-regulation, which includes behavioral and emotional regulation, and social monitoring, which includes perceiving and interpreting cues relating to self and others. Sleep deprived individuals performing tasks with social components show altered brain activity in areas of the prefrontal cortex implicated in self-control, inhibition, evaluation, and decision-making, in proximity to mesocorticolimbic pathways to reward and emotional processing areas. These cognitive changes lead to increased reward seeking and behaviors that promote negative health outcomes (such as increased consumption of indulgence foods). These changes also lead to emotional disinhibition and increased responses to negative stimuli, leading to reductions in trust, empathy, and humor. Concomitant attentional instability leads to impaired social information processing, impairing individual and team performance and increasing likelihood of error, incident, and injury. Together, changes to reward seeking, the foundational components of social interaction, and interpretation of social cues, can result in unpleasant or deviant behavior. These behaviors are perceived and negatively responded to by others, leading to a cycle of conflict and withdrawal. Further studies are necessary and timely. Educational and behavioral interventions are required to reduce health-damaging behaviors, and to reduce emotionally-laden negative interpretation of sleep-deprived exchanges. This may assist with health, and with team cohesion (and improved performance and safety) in the workplace and the home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Dorrian
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work, and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Stephanie Centofanti
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work, and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ashleigh Smith
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work, and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kathryn Demos McDermott
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and The Miriam Hospital, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Providence, RI, United States
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Centofanti S, Banks S, Colella A, Dingle C, Devine L, Galindo H, Pantelios S, Brkic G, Dorrian J. Coping with shift work-related circadian disruption: A mixed-methods case study on napping and caffeine use in Australian nurses and midwives. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:853-864. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1466798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Centofanti
- Sleep & Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Siobhan Banks
- Sleep & Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Caroline Dingle
- SA Health, Government of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lisa Devine
- SA Health, Government of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Helen Galindo
- SA Health, Government of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Gorjana Brkic
- SA Health, Government of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jillian Dorrian
- Sleep & Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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Dorrian J, Centofanti S, Wicking A, Wicking P, Lushington K. 0255 Smartphones In The Bedroom, Sleep, Communication, And Mental Health In Australian School Students. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Dorrian
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Magill, South Australia, AUSTRALIA
| | - S Centofanti
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Magill, South Australia, AUSTRALIA
| | - A Wicking
- Resilient Youth Australia Limited, Hampton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
| | - P Wicking
- Resilient Youth Australia Limited, Hampton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
| | - K Lushington
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, University of South Australia, Magill, South Australia, AUSTRALIA
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Vena G, Cassano N, Agnusdei C, Bellini M, Calabretta S, Centofanti S, Cervadoro G, Coviello C, Curia S, Dattola S, De Caro C, Del Brocco L, Donato L, Favero L, Ferrari A, Gianfaldoni R, Liguori G, Loconsole F, Lopreiato R, Malara G, Massimino S, Nannipieri A, Pettinato M, Postiglione D, Postorino C, Pronesti' M, Provenzano E, Guerra AP, Ricciuti F, Ruggiero G, Scudero A, Spitaleri S, Armati FT, Valenti G, Vernaci R, Verrina F, Zagni G, Zappala' F. Treatment of Psoriasis Vulgaris with Calcipotriol Betamethasone Dipropionate Combination Followed by Calcipotriol and Assessment of the Adjuvant Basic Use of Urea-Based Emollients. EUR J INFLAMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0500300108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new combination product containing betamethasone dipropionate and calcipotriol (Dovobet® ointment) has been proven very effective and well tolerated in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Emollients are adjunctive modalities commonly used in psoriasis; however, their actual role in combination with topical drugs as well as well as their compatibility with these drugs have not been well elucidated. In 313 adult patients with psoriasis vulgaris, we studied the efficacy and tolerability of treatment with Dovobet® ointment combined with urea-based emollients (Excipial U®) for 4 weeks, followed by treatment with calcipotriol (Daivonex®) either alone (group A) or combined with urea-containing emollients (Excipial U®, group B) for 8 weeks. Clinical evaluations were performed at baseline, at 4 and 12 weeks, assessing the clinical score for erythema, scaling, infiltration and pruritus, graded on the basis of a 5-point scale. After the initial 4-week treatment, a significant improvement of all clinical parameters was observed (p<0.05). Overall, clinical results improved further during the maintenance treatment phase; significant changes (p<0.05) were observed in each group. Most patients considered treatment efficacy positively at both 4 weeks and 12 weeks. Interestingly, at the end of the study, a greater percentage of patients in group B than in group A judged the efficacy as excellent. Treatment was very well tolerated. Only two patients complained of mild and transient burning sensation during the first days of treatment. The results of this study confirm the great efficacy and tolerability of sequential treatment with Dovobet®, and Daivonex® in psoriasis vulgaris and show the enhanced acceptability of this treatment associated with urea-based emollients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G.A. Vena
- 2nd Unit of Dermatology - MIDIM Department, University of Bari, Italy
| | - N. Cassano
- 2nd Unit of Dermatology - MIDIM Department, University of Bari, Italy
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Rome, Italy
| | - C.P. Agnusdei
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - M. Bellini
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - S. Calabretta
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - S. Centofanti
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - G. Cervadoro
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - C. Coviello
- 2nd Unit of Dermatology - MIDIM Department, University of Bari, Italy
| | - S. Curia
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - S. Dattola
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - C. De Caro
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - L. Del Brocco
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - L. Donato
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - L. Favero
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - A. Ferrari
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | | | - G. Liguori
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - F. Loconsole
- 2nd Unit of Dermatology - MIDIM Department, University of Bari, Italy
| | - R. Lopreiato
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - G. Malara
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | | | - A. Nannipieri
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - M. Pettinato
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | | | - C. Postorino
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | | | | | | | - F. Ricciuti
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - G. Ruggiero
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - A. Scudero
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - S. Spitaleri
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | | | - G. Valenti
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - R. Vernaci
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - F. Verrina
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - G.F. Zagni
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
| | - F. Zappala'
- Italian Group for the Study of Emollients in Psoriasis
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Short MA, Centofanti S, Hilditch C, Banks S, Lushington K, Dorrian J. The effect of split sleep schedules (6h-on/6h-off) on neurobehavioural performance, sleep and sleepiness. Appl Ergon 2016; 54:72-82. [PMID: 26851466 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Shorter, more frequent rosters, such as 6h-on/6h-off split shifts, may offer promise to sleep, subjective sleepiness and performance by limiting shift length and by offering opportunities for all workers to obtain some sleep across the biological night. However, there exists a paucity of studies that have examined these shifts using objective measures of sleep and performance. The present study examined neurobehavioural performance, sleepiness and sleep during 6h-on/6h-off split sleep schedules. Sixteen healthy adults (6 males, 26.13 y ± 4.46) participated in a 9-day laboratory study that included two baseline nights (BL, 10h time in bed (TIB), 2200 h-0800 h), 4 days on one of two types of 6h-on/6h-off split sleep schedules with 5h TIB during each 'off' period (6h early: TIB 0300 h-0800 h and 1500 h-20000 h, or 6-h late: TIB 0900 h-1400 h and 2100 h-0200 h), and two recovery nights (10h TIB per night, 2200 h-0800 h). Participants received 10h TIB per 24h in total across both shift schedules. A neurobehavioural test bout was completed every 2 h during wake, which included the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS). Linear mixed effects models were used to assess the effect of day (BL, shift days 1-4), schedule (6h early, 6h late) and trial (numbers 1-6) on PVT lapses (operationalised as the number of reaction times >500 ms), PVT total lapse time, PVT fastest 10% of reaction times and KSS. Analyses were also conducted examining the effect of day and schedule on sleep variables. Overall, PVT lapses and total lapse time did not differ significantly between baseline and shift days, however, peak response speeds were significantly slower on the first shift day when compared to baseline, but only for those in the 6h-late condition. Circadian variations were apparent in performance outcomes, with individuals in the 6h-late condition demonstrated significantly more and longer lapses and slower peak reaction times at the end of their night shift (0730 h) than at any other time during their shifts. In the 6h-early condition, only response speed significantly differed across trials, with slower response speeds occurring at trial 1 (0930 h) than in trials 3 (1330 h) or 4 (2130 h). While subjective sleepiness was higher on shift days than at baseline, sleepiness did not accumulate across days. Total sleep was reduced across split sleep schedules compared to baseline. Overall, these results show that while there was not a cumulative cost to performance across days of splitting sleep, participants obtained less sleep and reported lowered alertness on shift days. Tests near the circadian nadir showed higher sleepiness and increased performance deficits. While this schedule did not produce cumulative impairment, the performance deficits witnessed during the biological night are still of operational concern for industry and workers alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Short
- Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre, East Melbourne, Australia; School of Psychology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia.
| | | | - Cassie Hilditch
- Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Siobhan Banks
- Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kurt Lushington
- Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jillian Dorrian
- Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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15
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Cassano N, Amoruso A, Masci S, De Paola S, Salvatori S, Agnusdei CP, Calabretta S, Callea A, Cellini F, Centofanti S, Cuomo M, Curia S, Dattola S, De Caro C, Del Brocco L, Donato L, Ferrari A, Lopreiato R, Puglisi A, Ruggiero G, Russo F, Valenti G, Vernaci R, Verrina F, Liotti G, Vena G. Evaluation of “Steroid-Sparing” Effects of Xanthena® Cream in Patients with Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis. EUR J INFLAMM 2003. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0300100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emollients play an important role in the management of atopic dermatitis (AD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and the “steroid-sparing” activity of an emollient cream (Xanthena® cream) in patients with mild to moderate AD. Patients were asked to apply twice a day for 7 days a cream containing hydrocortisone butyrate on the lesionai skin and then to apply Xanthena® cream only on the left side of affected areas. During the 2-month study period, the use of the corticosteroid cream was resumed in case of flare-up in any side.The results obtained show significant differences of both the total severity score and the intensity of each symptom and sign of AD between the skin areas treated with Xanthena® cream and the control areas (P<0.05); a relevant reduction of steroid requirement was also noted in correlation with the use of this emollient cream (P<0.05). A significant improvement was observed even after the first month of therapy for most symptoms, except for excoriations/fissuring, oozing/crusting and burning which improved only at 2 months. Treatment was well-tolerated by the majority of patients; adverse local reactions, mostly transient and of mild intensity, were observed in 7% of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Cassano
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, I.D.I., I.R.C.C.S., Rome
| | - A. Amoruso
- Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Infectious Diseases - Unit of Dermatology, University of Bari
| | - S. Masci
- Institute of Dermatology, University of Chieti, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - G.A. Vena
- Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Infectious Diseases - Unit of Dermatology, University of Bari
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16
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Cassano N, Foti C, Centofanti S, Del Brocco L, Donato L, Ferrari A, Bandiera A, Colella V, D'Argento V, Di Pierro G, Giglio G, Mastrolonardo M, Marzocca V, Pietrantonio V, Schiraldi G, Ottomano L, Pugliese A, Vena G. Evaluation of the Effects of a Cosmetic Cream on Irritant Contact Dermatitis: Results of a Multicentre Open Trial. EUR J INFLAMM 2003. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0300100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The symptoms of irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) are often controlled by topical corticosteroids, which, however, are not suitable for the long-term management owing to the risk of side effects. Moisturizers can be used to prevent ICD and to treat lesions of mild to moderate severity. In this study we want to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of a cosmetic cream (Efaderm® cream), containing a mixture of substances with moisturizing, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects ( borago officinalis oil, soy sterol, urea, lithium glycyrrethinate, carbocysteine, tocopheryl acetate, coenzyme Q10, allantoin), in the treatment of ICD. Three hundred and twelve patients with ICD entered the study. ICD was induced by either occupational or non-occupational factors, affected various skin sites, especially the hands, and was characterized by a subacute, recurrent or chronic course in the majority of cases. The cream was applied on lesionai skin twice a day, or more frequently if needed, for approximately 4 weeks. Most patients (n. 179) did not adopt preventive measures (e.g., irritant avoidance, suspension of working activities, use of protective gloves). After treatment, there was a significant improvement (P<0.001) of symptoms and signs of ICD (erythema, scaling/dryness, oozing/crusting, excoriations/fissuring, pruritus/burning), independently on the use of prevention. Patient's assessment of overall effectiveness was positive in the majority of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Cassano
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, I.D.I., I.R.C.C.S., Rome
| | - C. Foti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Unit of Dermatology, University of Bari
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - V. D'Argento
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, I.D.I., I.R.C.C.S., Rome
| | | | - G. Giglio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Unit of Dermatology, University of Bari
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - G.A. Vena
- Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Unit of Dermatology, University of Bari
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17
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Federici E, Centofanti S. [Occlusion according to neuromuscular function]. Mondo Odontostomatol 1977; 19:8-29. [PMID: 275544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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