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Hamedani SG, Pourmasoumi M, Zarifi SH, Askari G, Jamialahmadi T, Bagherniya M, Sahebkar A. Therapeutic effects of saffron and its components on neurodegenerative diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24334. [PMID: 38298664 PMCID: PMC10827773 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to an increase in the number of older people in recent years, neurodegenerative diseases as the most important age-related neurological disorders are considered as a great threat to human health. The treatment strategies for these disorders are symptomatic and there is no known definitive treatment; however, recently, several studies have investigated the effectiveness of some herbs and their components in limiting the progression and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we searched Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords used in the search were: saffron [title/abstract] or (saffron compound [title/abstract]) and (neurological disorders [title/abstract]), publication date range (2010-2023), and language (English). After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 articles remained. Of the 30 articles included in the study, six studies on the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders by saffron and its components were in the clinical trial phase, and 24 studies were in the preclinical phase. Saffron and its compounds can play an important role in inhibiting neuroinflammation and excitotoxic pathways, modulating autophagy and apoptosis, attenuating oxidative damage, and activating defensive antioxidant enzymes, resulting in neuroprotection against neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to review the studies on the effects of saffron and its compounds on the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Golpour- Hamedani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of medical science, Iran
| | - Makan Pourmasoumi
- Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Zarifi SH, Bagherniya M, Banach M, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Phytochemicals: A potential therapeutic intervention for the prevention and treatment of cachexia. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2843-2857. [PMID: 36403384 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cachexia, a multifactorial and often irreversible wasting syndrome, is often associated with the final phase of several chronic disorders. Although cachexia is characterized by skeletal muscle wasting and adipose tissue loss, it is a syndrome affecting different organs, which ultimately results in systemic complications and impaired quality of life. The pathogenesis and underlying molecular mechanisms of cachexia are not fully understood, and currently there are no effective standard treatments or approved drug therapies to completely reverse cachexia. Moreover, adequate nutritional interventions alone cannot significantly improve cachexia. Other approaches to ameliorate cachexia are urgently needed, and thus, the role of medicinal plants has received considerable importance in this respect due to their beneficial health properties. Increasing evidence indicates great potential of medicinal plants and their phytochemicals as an alternative and promising treatment strategy to reduce the symptoms of many diseases including cachexia. This article reviews the current status of cachexia, the molecular mechanisms of primary events driving cachexia, and state-of-the-art knowledge that reports the preventive and therapeutic activities of multiple families of phytochemical compounds and their pharmacological mode of action, which may hold promise as an alternative treatment modality for the management of cachexia. Based on our review of various in vitro and in vivo models of cachexia, we would conclude that phytochemicals may have therapeutic potential to attenuate cachexia, although clinical trials are required to unequivocally confirm this premise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudiyeh Hejri Zarifi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Yahyapoor F, Sedaghat A, feizi A, Bagherniya M, Pahlavani N, Khadem-Rezaiyan M, Safarian M, Islam MS, Zarifi SH, Arabi M, Norouzy A. The effects of L-Carnitine supplementation on inflammatory markers, clinical status, and 28 days mortality in critically ill patients: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 49:61-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yahyapoor F, Dehnavi Z, Askari G, Ranjbar G, Hejri Zarifi S, Bagherniya M, Rezaian MK, Moghadaam AB, Fazeli F, Sedaghat A. The prevalence and possible causes of enteral tube feeding intolerance in critically ill patients: A cross-sectional study. J Res Med Sci 2021; 26:60. [PMID: 34729068 PMCID: PMC8506243 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_689_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Enteral tube feeding intolerance (ETFI) is one of the most common complications of enteral nutrition (EN), which may lead to increased mortality and length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ETFI and effects on feeding intolerance on nutrition and clinical outcomes in Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 at the three general ICUs of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, during 7 days on 245 patients. The collected data included demographic characteristics, primary diagnosis, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE ІІ) score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, duration of mechanical ventilation, and length of ICU stay. Feeding intolerance was assessed using daily questionnaires for 7 days. ETFI was determined as the interruption of EN based on gastrointestinal causes, including large gastric residuals, abdominal distension, vomiting, diarrhea, and subjective discomfort. Results: Overall, 245 critically ill patients (122 males and 123 females) were included in this study, with a mean age of 58.43 ± 19.2 years in three general ICUs. The highest prevalence rate of ETFI was 91.8%, which occurred on the 2nd day although the rate decreased in the following days. The minimum ETFI was observed on the last day (38.8%). Feeding intolerance was associated with the increased APACHE II scores (P = 0.04), SOFA scores (P < 0.001), and duration of mechanical ventilation (P < 0.001) compared with the tolerant patients. The most common causes of ETFI in the patients admitted to the ICU were gastric residual volume (GRV), large GRV, vomiting, and distension. Conclusion: ETFI was prevalent in almost two-third (66%) of the critically ill patients receiving EN based on the GRV. ETFI was associated with deteriorated nutritional status and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farveh Yahyapoor
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Dehnavi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Golnaz Ranjbar
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sudiyeh Hejri Zarifi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Khadem Rezaian
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Bagheri Moghadaam
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzane Fazeli
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Sedaghat
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Gowhari Shabgah A, Hejri Zarifi S, Mazloumi Kiapey SS, Ezzatifar F, Pahlavani N, Soleimani D, Mohammadian Haftcheshmeh S, Mohammadi H, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J. Curcumin and cancer; are long non-coding RNAs missing link? Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2021; 164:63-71. [PMID: 33894206 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant signs of progress in cancer treatment over the past decade, either cancer prevalence or mortality continuously grow worldwide. Current anti-cancer agents show insignificant effectiveness, followed by serious side effects. It is important to find new, highly efficient pharmacological agents to increase cancer patients' clinical outcomes. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound, has gained growing attention because of its anti-cancer properties. Curcumin can hinder the development, migration, and metastasis of cancer cells. The anti-cancer effects of curcumin are principally attributed to the regulation of several cellular signaling pathways, including MAPK/PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT, and NF-ĸB signaling pathways. Furthermore, curcumin can affect the expression and function of tumor-suppressive and oncogenic long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this study, we briefly reviewed the modulatory effect of curcumin on dysregulated tumor-supportive and tumor-suppressive lncRNAs in several cancers. It is hoped that a better understanding of curcumin's anti-cancer properties would pave the way for the development of a therapeutic approach in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudiyeh Hejri Zarifi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Ezzatifar
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Naseh Pahlavani
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Davood Soleimani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadian Haftcheshmeh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran; Students Research Committee, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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