1
|
Shah AA, Zafar S, Usman S, Javad S, Zaib-Un-Nisa, Aslam M, Noreen Z, Elansary HO, Almutairi KF, Ahmad A. Zinc oxide nanoparticles and Klebsiella sp. SBP-8 alleviates chromium toxicity in Brassica juncea by regulation of antioxidant capacity, osmolyte production, nutritional content and reduction in chromium adsorption. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 210:108624. [PMID: 38636254 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals are one of the most damaging environmental toxins that hamper growth of plants. These noxious chemicals include lead (Pb), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr). Chromium is one of the toxic metal which induces various oxidative processes in plants. The emerging role of nanoparticles as pesticides, fertilizers and growth regulators have attracted the attention of various scientists. Current study was conducted to explore the potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) alone and in combination with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Klebsiella sp. SBP-8 in Cr stress alleviation in Brassica juncea (L.). Chromium stress reduced shoot fresh weight (40%), root fresh weight (28%), shoot dry weight (28%) and root dry weight (34%) in B. juncea seedlings. Chromium stressed B. juncea plants showed enhanced levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide ion (O2• -). However, co-supplementation of ZnONPs and Klebsiella sp. SBP-8 escalated the activity of antioxidant enzymes i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in B. juncea grown in normal and Cr-toxic soil. It is further proposed that combined treatment of ZnONPs and Klebsiella sp. SBP-8 may be useful for alleviation of other abiotic stresses in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Sadia Zafar
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheeraz Usman
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zaib-Un-Nisa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zahra Noreen
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hosam O Elansary
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid F Almutairi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqeel Ahmad
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ahmad A, Javad S, Iqbal S, Shahzadi K, Gatasheh MK, Javed T. Alleviation potential of green-synthesized selenium nanoparticles for cadmium stress in Solanum lycopersicum L: modulation of secondary metabolites and physiochemical attributes. Plant Cell Rep 2024; 43:113. [PMID: 38573519 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Selenium nanoparticles reduce cadmium absorption in tomato roots, mitigating heavy metal effects. SeNPs can efficiently help to enhance growth, yield, and biomolecule markers in cadmium-stressed tomato plants. In the present study, the effects of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were investigated on the tomato plants grown in cadmium-contaminated soil. Nanoparticles were synthesized using water extract of Nigella sativa and were characterized for their size and shape. Two application methods (foliar spray and soil drench) with nanoparticle concentrations of 0, 100, and 300 mg/L were used to observe their effects on cadmium-stressed plants. Growth, yield, biochemical, and stress parameters were studied. Results showed that SeNPs positively affected plant growth, mitigating the negative effects of cadmium stress. Shoot length (SL), root length (RL), number of branches (NB), number of leaves per plant (NL), and leaf area (LA) were significantly reduced by cadmium stress but enhanced by 45, 51, 506, 208, and 82%, respectively, by soil drench treatment of SeNPs. Similarly, SeNPs increased the fruit yield (> 100%) and fruit weight (> 100%), and decreased the days to fruit initiation in tomato plants. Pigments were also positively affected by the SeNPs, particularly in foliar treatment. Lycopene content was also enhanced by the addition of NPs (75%). Furthermore, the addition of SeNPs improved the ascorbic acid, protein, phenolic, flavonoid, and proline contents of the tomato plants under cadmium stress, whereas stress enzymes also showed enhanced activities under cadmium stress. It is concluded from the present study that the addition of selenium nanoparticles enhanced the growth and yield of Cd-stressed plants by reducing the absorption of cadmium and increasing the stress management of plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Sumera Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kiran Shahzadi
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mansour K Gatasheh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Javed
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghaffar N, Javad S, Shah AA, Ilyas S, Hashem A, Avila-Quezada GD, Abd_Allah EF, Tariq A. Restoration of Antibacterial Activity of Inactive Antibiotics via Combined Treatment with AgNPs. ACS Omega 2024; 9:13621-13635. [PMID: 38559985 PMCID: PMC10976371 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance poses a huge threat to human health around the world and calls for novel treatments. Combined formulations of NPs and antibiotics have emerged as a viable nanoplatform for combating bacterial resistance. The present research work was performed to investigate the effect of combined formulations of AgNPs with streptomycin, cefaclor, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim against multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. AgNPs have been synthesized by using the Nigella sativa seed extract, and their characteristics were analyzed. AgNPs depicted concentration-dependent antibacterial effects, as the highest concentration of AgNPs showed the strongest antibacterial activity. Interestingly, AgNPs in conjugation with antibiotics showed an enhanced antibacterial potential against both S. aureus and K. pneumoniae, which suggested synergism between the AgNPs and antibiotics. Against S. aureus, streptomycin and trimethoprim in conjugation with AgNPs presented a synergistic effect, while cefaclor and ciprofloxacin in combination with AgNPs showed an additive effect. However, all of the tested antibiotics depicted a synergistic effect against K. pneumoniae. The lowest value of MIC (0.78 μg/mL) was shown by AgNPs-Stp against S. aureus, whereas AgNPs-Tmp showed the lowest value of MIC (1.56 μg/mL) against K. pneumoniae. The most important point of the present study is that both organisms (S. aureus and K. pneumoniae) showed resistance to antibiotics but turned out to be highly susceptible when the same antibiotic was used in combination with AgNPs. These findings highlight the potential of nanoconjugates (the AgNPs-antibiotic complex) to mitigate the present-day crisis of antibiotic resistance and to combat antimicrobial infections efficiently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ghaffar
- Dept.
of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Dept.
of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Dept.
of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Ilyas
- Dept.
of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women
University, Lahore 44444, Pakistan
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany
and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production
Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University,
P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amina Tariq
- Dept.
of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ali S, Ishtiaq S, Nawaz A, Naz S, Ejaz S, Haider MW, Shah AA, Ali MM, Javad S. Layer by layer application of chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose coatings delays ripening of mango fruit by suppressing cell wall polysaccharides disassembly. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128429. [PMID: 38008137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Mango is a climacteric fruit that ripens quickly after harvest due to its climacteric nature. Edible coatings have been reported to delay the ripening of various harvested fruit. The efficacy of the applied edible coatings could be improved by using in combination as a layer-by-layer (LBL) approach. So, the influence of LBL application of chitosan (CH) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was studied on mangoes during postharvest storage at 15 °C for 20 days. Mangoes were coated with monolayers of CH (1 % w/v) and CMC (1 % w/v) as well as LBL application of CH and CMC and were compared with control. The treatment of mangoes with CH and CMC-based LBL treatment resulted in lower decay percentage and weight loss along with higher total chlorophyll pigments and suppressed total carotenoid accumulation. The LBL application of CH and CMC showed lower activity of chlorophyll degrading such as chlorophyllase (CPS), pheophytinase (Phe), Mg-dechalatase (MGD) and chlorophyll degrading peroxidase (Chl-POD) enzymes as well as reduced changes in b*, a* and L* along with a suppressed increase in ethylene (EP) and CO2 production (CPR) rates having higher antioxidant such as catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes activity. In addition, mangoes coated with LBL treatment of CH and CMC exhibited lower water-soluble pectin (WSP) and higher protopectin (PP) having higher concentrations of chelate soluble (CSP) and sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SCP). Similarly, LBL-coated mangoes showed significantly higher hemicellulose (HCLS) and cellulose (CLS) contents in contrast with control. It was observed that mangoes coated with CH and CMC-based LBL coating exhibited higher flesh firmness and showed suppressed cellulase (CS), pectin methylesterase (PME), polygalacturonase (PG) and β-galactosidase (β-Gal) enzymes activity. The concentrations of total soluble solids and ripening index were markedly lower and titratable acidity was higher in the LBL-based coating treatment in comparison with control. In conclusion, LBL treatment based on CH and CMC coatings could be used for the delay of ripening and softening of harvested mangoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Sana Ishtiaq
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Nawaz
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Safina Naz
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shaghef Ejaz
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Wasim Haider
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shah AA, Ahmed S, Malik A, Naheed K, Hussain S, Yasin NA, Javad S, Siddiqui MH, Ali HM, Ali A. Potassium silicate and zinc oxide nanoparticles modulate antioxidant system, membranous H +-ATPase and nitric oxide content in faba bean ( Vicia faba) seedlings exposed to arsenic toxicity. Funct Plant Biol 2023; 50:146-159. [PMID: 35272762 DOI: 10.1071/fp21301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Current research focused on the potential role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and potassium (K+ ) in mitigation of arsenic (As) toxicity in Vicia faba L. seedlings. Faba bean seedlings were grown for 30days in potted soil. As stress curtailed root and shoot length, chlorophyll (Chl) content and net photosynthetic rate in V. faba seedlings. However, ZnONPs and K+ curtailed As stress in faba bean seedling through enhanced activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) enzyme. Furthermore, ZnONPs and K+ significantly enhanced cysteine (Cys) content and serine acetyletransferase (SAT) activity in faba bean seedling exposed to As-toxificated soil. Application of ZnONPs and K+ curtailed superoxide ionic content and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) accumulation in V. faba seedlings exposed to As-polluted soil. Nitric oxide (NO) content also increased in faba bean seedlings treated with ZnONPs and K+ in normal and As-polluted soil. As stress alleviation was credited to reduce As uptake in faba bean seedlings treated with synergistic application of ZnONPs and K+ . It is proposed that K+ interaction with nanoparticles can be exploited at molecular level to understand the mechanisms involved in abiotic stress tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Malik
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Kishwar Naheed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saber Hussain
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- Senior Superintendent Garden, RO-II Office, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamir Ali
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Iqbal Z, Javad S, Naz S, Shah AA, Shah AN, Paray BA, Gulnaz A, Abdelsalam NR. Elicitation of the in vitro Cultures of Selected Varieties of Vigna radiata L. With Zinc Oxide and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Phytochemicals Production. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:908532. [PMID: 35958222 PMCID: PMC9360770 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.908532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to develop a protocol for in vitro shoot multiplication and callus induction of various mung bean varieties to obtain enhanced phytochemical content with the help of elicitors. For shoot multiplication, two types of explants (shoot tips and nodal tips) of three varieties of mung bean (Mung NCM-13, MgAT-7, and MgAT-4) were used. Both types of explants from in vitro and in vivo sources were cultured on the MS medium supplemented with different concentrations (0.25-3.0 mg/L, increment of 0.5 mg/L) and combinations of BAP and IBA as independent treatments. For callus induction, leaf explants (in vitro source) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (1-3 mg/L) alone or in combination with BAP or NAA (0.5 and 1.0 mg/L). For the enhanced production of phenolics and glycosides, calli were cultured on MS media supplemented with zinc oxide (0.5 mg/L) and copper oxide nanoparticles (0.5 mg/L) as nano-elicitors. Results showed that in vitro explants responded better in terms of shoot length, number of shoots, and number of leaves per explant when compared to in vivo explants. Moreover, shoot tips were better than nodal explants to in vitro culturing parameters. All three varieties showed the optimized results in the MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BAP, while roots were produced only in cultures fortified with 1 mg/L IBA. The leaf explants of in vitro and soil-grown plantlets showed a maximum callogenic response of 90 and 80%, respectively, on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (3 mg/ml). Maximum phenolic content (101.4 μg of gallic acid equivalent/g) and glycoside content (34 mg of amygdalin equivalent/g of plant material) was observed in the calli cultured on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L of 2,4-D. Furthermore, the addition of zinc oxide (0.5 mg/L) and copper oxide (0.5 mg/L) nanoparticles to the callus culture medium significantly enhanced the phenolic content of Mung NCM-13 (26%), MgAT-7 (25.6%), and MgAT-4 (22.7%). Glycosidic content was also found to be increased in Mung NCM-13 (50%), MgAT-7 (37.5%), and MgAT-4 (25%) varieties when compared to the control. It is suggested that elicitation of in vitro cultures of mung beans with nanoparticles could be an effective strategy for the enhanced production of secondary metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zunera Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aneela Gulnaz
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shah AA, Shah AN, Bilal Tahir M, Abbas A, Javad S, Ali S, Rizwan M, Alotaibi SS, Kalaji HM, Telesinski A, Javed T, AbdElgawad H. Harzianopyridone Supplementation Reduced Chromium Uptake and Enhanced Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Vigna radiata Seedlings Exposed to Chromium Toxicity. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:881561. [PMID: 35860543 PMCID: PMC9290437 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.881561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study explains the scarce information on the role of harzianopyridone (HZRP) in the alleviation of chromium (Cr) stress alleviation in Vigna radiata (L.). To this end, V. radiata seedlings primed with HZRP at 1 and 2 ppm were exposed to 50 mg kg-1 Cr for 30 days. Cr stress reduced growth, chlorophyll (Chl) content, net photosynthetic rate, gas-exchange attributes along with enhanced oxidative damages, i.e., electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Application of HZRP enhanced intercellular carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, stomatal conductance, and net photosynthetic rate with decreased activity of the chlorophyllase (Chlase) enzyme in V. radiata seedlings exposed to Cr stressed conditions. To maintain Cr-induced oxidative damages, HZRP treatment increased the levels of antioxidant metabolites (phenolic and flavonoids) and the activity of antioxidative enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD)] in V. radiata seedlings grown in normal and Cr-polluted potted soil. In addition to this, glycine betaine content was also increased in plants grown in Cr-contaminated soil. It is proposed the potential role of supplementation of HZRP in mitigating Cr stress. Further research should be conducted to evaluate the potential of HZRP in the mitigation of abiotic stresses in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Tahir
- Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Asad Abbas
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesinski
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian, University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fijian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Javad S, Shah AA, Ramzan M, Sardar R, Javed T, Al-Huqail AA, Ali HM, Chaudhry O, Yasin NA, Ahmed S, Hussain RA, Hussain I. Hydrogen sulphide alleviates cadmium stress in Trigonella foenum-graecum by modulating antioxidant enzymes and polyamine content. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2022; 24:618-626. [PMID: 35114051 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) toxicity reduces growth and yield of crops grown in metal-polluted sites. Research was conducted to estimate the potential of hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) to mitigate toxicity caused by Cd in fenugreek seedlings (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Different concentrations of CdCl2 (Cd1-1 mM, Cd2-1.5 mM, Cd3-2mM) and H2 S (HS1-100 µM, HS2-150 µM, HS3-200 µM) were assessed. Seeds of fenugreek were primed with sodium hydrosulphide (NaHS), as H2 S donor. Seedlings growing in Cd-spiked media treated with H2 S were harvested after 2 weeks. Cd stress affected growth of fenugreek seedlings. Cd toxicity decreased leaf relative water content (LRWC), intercellular CO2 concentration, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration. However, application of H2 S significantly improved seedling morphological attributes by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, i.e. APX, CAT and SOD, in Cd-contaminated soil. H2 S treatment also regulated phenolic and flavonoid content. H2 S-induced biosynthesis of spermidine (Spd) and putrescine (Put) could account for the enhancement of growth and physiological performance of fenugreek seedlings under Cd stress. H2 S treatment also reduced H2 O2 production (38%) and electrolyte leakage (EL, 51%) in seedlings grown in different concentrations of Cd. It is recommended to evaluate the efficacy of H2 S in alleviating Cd toxicity in other crop plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A A Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology., University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan., Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Ramzan
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - R Sardar
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - T Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A A Al-Huqail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - O Chaudhry
- Ontario Institute of Agrology, Biology and Environmental Sciences, Albert Campbell Collegiate Institute (NS), Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - N A Yasin
- Senior Superintendent Garden, RO-II Office, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - R A Hussain
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology., University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan., Lahore, Pakistan
| | - I Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shah AA, Riaz L, Siddiqui MH, Nazar R, Ahmed S, Yasin NA, Ali A, Mukherjee S, Hussaan M, Javad S, Chaudhry O. Spermine-mediated polyamine metabolism enhances arsenic-stress tolerance in Phaseolus vulgaris by expression of zinc-finger proteins related genes and modulation of mineral nutrient homeostasis and antioxidative system. Environ Pollut 2022; 300:118941. [PMID: 35121016 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of groundwater and agricultural land by metalloids especially arsenic (As) is one of the most serious threats to people and plants worldwide. Therefore, the present study was design to explore the role of spermine (Spm)- mediated polyamine metabolism in the alleviation of arsenic (As) toxicity in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). It was noted that As stress caused reduction in the intracellular CO2 concentration, stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate as compared to the control treatment and also impairedplant growth attributes and mineral nutrient homeostasis (sulfur, phosphorus, potassium and calcium). However, the exogenous application of Spm resulted in a considerable enhance in the content of glutathione and nitric oxide, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione-reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) in P. vulgaris seedlings grown As-contaminated soil. In addition, Spm application significantly improved the endogenous production of putrescine and spermidine accompanied along with reduction in malondialdehyde, electrolyte leakage, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide level besides enhanced methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification. Moreover, Spm treatment elevated the expression level of zinc-finger proteins related genes (PvC3H24, PvC3H25, PvC3H26 and PvC3H27) involved in abiotic stress response. The study concluded that Spm acted as an enhancing agent and improved tolerance to As-toxicity by upregulating the expression of zinc-finger proteins related genes, polyamine metabolism, Mg detoxification and antioxidant system in P. vulgaris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Luqman Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Narowal, 51750, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabia Nazar
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- Senior Superintendent Garden, RO-II Office, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Ali
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 742213, India
| | - Muhammad Hussaan
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ozair Chaudhry
- Biology and Environmental Science, Albert Campbell Collegiate Institute (NS), Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ghaffar N, Javad S, Farrukh MA, Shah AA, Gatasheh MK, AL-Munqedhi BMA, Chaudhry O. Metal nanoparticles assisted revival of Streptomycin against MDRS Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264588. [PMID: 35324924 PMCID: PMC8947119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of microorganisms to generate resistance outcompetes with the generation of new and efficient antibiotics. Therefore, it is critically required to develop novel antibiotic agents and treatments to control bacterial infections. Green synthesized metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles are considered as the potential means to target bacteria as an alternative to antibiotics. Nanoconjugates have also attracted attention because of their increased biological activity as compared to free antibiotics. In the present investigation, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), and iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) have been synthesized by using leaf extract of Ricinus communis. Characterization of nanoparticles was done by using UV–Vis Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analyzer, X-ray Diffraction Analysis, and Dynamic Light Scattering Particle Size Analyzer. Interestingly, Streptomycin when combined with AgNPs, ZnO NPs, CuO NPs, and FeO NPs showed enhanced antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of S. aureus which suggested synergism between the nanoparticles and antibiotics. The highest enhanced antibacterial potential of Streptomycin was observed in conjugation with ZnO NPs (11 ± 0.5 mm) against S. aureus. Minimum inhibitory concentration of conjugates of AgNPs, ZnO NPs, CuO NPs, and FeO NPs with streptomycin against S. aureus was found to be 3.12, 2.5,10, and 12.5 μg/mL respectively. The considerable point of the present investigation is that S. aureus, which was resistant to streptomycin becomes highly susceptible to the same antibiotic when combined with nanoparticles. This particular observation opens up windows to mitigate the current crisis due to antibiotic resistance to combat antimicrobial infections efficiently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ghaffar
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Muhammad Akhyar Farrukh
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mansour K. Gatasheh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bander M. A. AL-Munqedhi
- Department Botony and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Javad S, Gopirajah R, Rizvi SSH. High internal phase oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by supercritical carbon dioxide extruded whey protein concentrate. Food Chem 2022; 372:131362. [PMID: 34818751 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
High Internal Phase Emulsions (HIPEs) were stabilized by functionalized whey protein concentrate (WPC-80). Functionalization of WPC-80 was done by supercritical CO2 assisted extrusion technology. HIPEs were formed by 80% oil and 1-4 wt% of control (untreated) whey protein concentrate, extruded/functionalized whey protein concentrates (f-WPC-80) at pH 3.0 and 5.4, and sodium caseinate (NaCas) separately and were characterized for their stability at two temperatures (25 and 40 °C) for 20 days. Results indicated that f-WPC-80-pH3.0 formed self-standing gels at 1 wt% concentrations which were more stable, without phase separation, than those stabilized by commercially used stabilizer NaCas and native c-WPC. At 4% concentration of f-WPC-80-pH3.0, the compressed droplets produced emulsions with self-standing and viscoelastic features. While control WPC-80, could not form stable HIPEs at any investigated concentrations. The reported high internal phase oil-in-water emulsions, offer a potential new system for delivery of nutritionally superior and clean-label products of commercial utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Javad
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Syed S H Rizvi
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Anum F, Jabeen K, Javad S, Iqbal S, Tahir A, Javed Z, Cruz-Martins N, Ayatollahi SA, Sharifi-Rad J, Alshehri MM, Cho WC. Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles as Potent Antifungal Agent against Aspergillus terreus Thom. Journal of Nanomaterials 2021; 2021:1-10. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/2992335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are composed of a rich pool of biomolecules and have been increasingly recognized for their antimicrobial properties; however, increasing concerns have been put on the bioavailability features. Thus, this study is aimed at exploring the synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles synthesized by Chenopodium album L. leaf extract and assessing the antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus Thom. Plant extract was prepared in methanol to synthetize silver nanoparticles, which were then characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV-Visible spectroscopy, and particle size analysis. UV-Visible analysis indicated maximum absorption at 378 nm, and an average particle size was observed as 25.6 nm. Oval to hexagonal shape was observed by SEM. Antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, and 3.5%) was addressed against A. terreus biomass. At 3.5%, silver nanoparticles revealed to be highly effective, leading to 92% retardation in fungus growth. In next phase, various organic fractions, viz., chloroform, n-butanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate, were obtained from plant methanol extract, and the corresponding silver nanoparticles were prepared. These fractions were also assessed for antifungal activity, and n-hexane fraction led to 64% inhibition in A. terreus biomass. Following gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 18 compounds were identified, namely, 1,3-cyclopentadiene-5-(1 methylethylidene and o-xylene), ethyl benzene, octadecane, nonane, decane, 2-methylheptane, n-hexadecane, 2-methylheptane, and eicosane, along with carbonyl compounds (4,4-dimethyl-3-hexanone) and phenols, like stearic acid, propionic acid hydrazide, and 2,4-di-T-butylphenol. These findings proved that C. album silver nanoparticles are highly effective against A. terreus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Anum
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
- Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khajista Jabeen
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arifa Tahir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Javed
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammed M. Alshehri
- Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shaheen S, Sharifi-Rad J, Harun N, Khan MA, Ali M, Khalid S, Javad S, Hanif U, Sajjad S, Ahmad M, Sonia R, Khan F. Morphological and palynological assessment of some taxa of genus Echinochloa through light and scanning electron microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2883-2889. [PMID: 34351660 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to gather information on selected species of Echinochloa based on their morphological and palyonological examination through light and scanning electron microscopy. As the Echinochloa species are most problematic grass weeds and exhibit high interspecific and intraspecific variability so due to their great morphological diversity it is difficult to recognize them. A lot of variation was observed in morphological features of studied taxa. In the present study, E. colona had more or less spreading dense racemes whereas in E. crus-galli racemes were linear to ovate. Upper glume surface was pubescent in E. colona, hispid in E. crus-galli and spinose in E. walteri. E. colona was comprised of five-nerved glumes whereas in E. crus-galli glumes were three-nerved. Although pollen basic characters in family Poaceae remains consistent but great variation was observed in pollen of studied taxa. The pollen size was quite variable among the species of genus Echinochloa. In polar view, the size of pollen grains ranged from 27.5 (20-35) μm to 40 (30-50) μm. E. crus-galli was appeared to be the smallest in size whereas E. colona was the largest.). P/E ratio ranged from 0.84 to 1.15 μm among the species. The highest value of pollen fertility was found in E. colona as 93.33% and lowest was in E. crus-galli as 87.50%. The morphological key of studied taxa is also given to study variations. In conclusion, it was observed that microscopy of morphological and palynological assessment can play a vital role in identification of taxonomically problematic taxa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shabnum Shaheen
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry research center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Nidaa Harun
- Department of Botany, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asaf Khan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Hanif
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Sajjad
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Romisha Sonia
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farah Khan
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gopirajah R, Singha P, Javad S, Rizvi SSH. Emulsifying properties of milk protein concentrate functionalized by supercritical fluid extrusion. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Poonam Singha
- Department of Food Science Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Food Science Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
- Department of Botany Lahore College for Women University Lahore Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Javad S, Gopirajah R, Rizvi SSH. Enhanced stability of emulsions made with super‐critical carbon dioxide extruded whey protein concentrate. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Javad
- Department of Food ScienceCornell University Ithaca New York
- Department of BotanyLahore College for Women University Lahore Pakistan
| | - Rajamanickam Gopirajah
- Department of Food ScienceCornell University Ithaca New York
- Department of Food TechnologyKalasalingam University Srivilliputhur Tamil Nadu State India
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Javad S. Augmentation of anti-bacterial efficacy of Augmentin- an antibiotic by Foeniculum vulgare extract. PAB 2019. [DOI: 10.19045/bspab.2019.80125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
17
|
Akhtar I, Javad S, Yousaf Z, Iqbal S, Jabeen K. Review: Microwave assisted extraction of phytochemicals an efficient and modern approach for botanicals and pharmaceuticals. Pak J Pharm Sci 2019; 32:223-230. [PMID: 30772814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The final quality of pharmaceutically active herbal preparation is significantly contributed by extraction procedures. Hence in the last decade Microwave assisted extraction (MAE) has been introduced. This is an efficient and modern tool with multiple benefits as compared to the traditional methods of extraction. The benefits are in terms of reduction in cost, time of extraction, amount of solvent used, energy consumptions and low CO2 emission. Therefore present study was planned to give brief overview on applications of microwave assisted extraction of natural products. It is also discussed that how the various parameters of microwave assisted extraction like nature of the solvent, temperature, particle size, power level of microwaves and time of irradiation influences the extract yields of plant parts. This review also emphasizes the application of MAE for increased production of phyto-medicines, sweeteners, spices and all other commercial products related to botanicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Akhtar
- Dept. of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Dept. of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zubaida Yousaf
- Dept. of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Iqbal
- Dept. of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khajista Jabeen
- Dept. of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
Javad S. Enhanced extraction of an anticancer drug, Vinblastine, from Catharanthus roseus. PAB 2016. [DOI: 10.19045/bspab.2016.50079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
21
|
Javad S. Microwave assisted extraction of phytochemicals from bark of Cassia occidentalis L. PAB 2016. [DOI: 10.19045/bspab.2016.50007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
22
|
Javad S, Naz S, Ilyas S, Tariq A, Aslam F. Optimization of the Microwave Assisted Extraction and Its Comparison with Different Conventional Extraction Methods for Isolation of Stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2014.17031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
23
|
Panesar SS, Javad S, de Silva D, Nwaru BI, Hickstein L, Muraro A, Roberts G, Worm M, Bilò MB, Cardona V, Dubois AEJ, Dunn Galvin A, Eigenmann P, Fernandez-Rivas M, Halken S, Lack G, Niggemann B, Santos AF, Vlieg-Boerstra BJ, Zolkipli ZQ, Sheikh A. The epidemiology of anaphylaxis in Europe: a systematic review. Allergy 2013; 68:1353-61. [PMID: 24117770 DOI: 10.1111/all.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially fatal, multi-organ system, allergic reaction caused by the release of chemical mediators from mast cells and basophils. Uncertainty exists around epidemiological measures of incidence and prevalence, risk factors, risk of recurrence, and death due to anaphylaxis. This systematic review aimed to (1) understand and describe the epidemiology of anaphylaxis and (2) describe how these characteristics vary by person, place, and time. METHODS Using a highly sensitive search strategy, we identified systematic reviews of epidemiological studies, descriptive and analytical epidemiological investigations, and studies involving analysis of routine data. RESULTS Our searches identified a total of 5,843 potentially eligible studies, of which 49 satisfied our inclusion criteria. Of these, three were suitable for pooled estimates of prevalence. The incidence rates for all-cause anaphylaxis ranged from 1.5 to 7.9 per 100,000 person-years. These data indicated that an estimated 0.3% (95% CI 0.1-0.5) of the population experience anaphylaxis at some point in their lives. Food, drugs, stinging insects, and latex were the most commonly identified triggers. CONCLUSIONS Anaphylaxis is a common problem, affecting an estimated 1 in 300 of the European population at some time in their lives. Future research needs to focus on better understanding of the trends across Europe and identifying those most likely to experience fatal reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Panesar
- Allergy & Respiratory Research Group; Center for Population Health Sciences; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
| | - S. Javad
- School of Public Health; Imperial College; London UK
| | | | - B. I. Nwaru
- School of Health Sciences; University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - L. Hickstein
- Biometry and Epidemiology; Institute for Medical Informatics; University of Munich; Munich Germany
| | - A. Muraro
- Department of Pediatrics; Center for Food Allergy Diagnosis and Treatment; Veneto Region; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - G. Roberts
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre; St Mary's Hospital; Newport; Isle of Wight UK
- NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit; University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust; Southampton UK
- Faculty of Medicine; Human Development and Health and Clinical Experimental Sciences Academic Units; University of Southampton; Southampton UK
| | - M. Worm
- Allergy-Center-Charité; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - M. B. Bilò
- Allergy Unit; Department Internal Medicine; University Hospital; Ospedali Riuniti; Ancona Italy
| | - V. Cardona
- Allergy Section; Department of Internal Medicine; Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron; Barcelona Spain
| | - A. E. J. Dubois
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy; University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; GRIAC Research Institute; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - A. Dunn Galvin
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health; University College; Cork Ireland
| | - P. Eigenmann
- University Hospitals of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
| | - M. Fernandez-Rivas
- Department of Allergy; Hospital Clinico San Carlos; IdISSC; Madrid Spain
| | - S. Halken
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - G. Lack
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma; London UK
| | - B. Niggemann
- Allergy Center Charité; University Hospital Charité; Berlin Germany
| | - A. F. Santos
- Department of Pediatric Allergy; Division of Asthma; Allergy & Lung Biology; King's College; London UK
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma; London UK
- Department of Immunoallergology; Coimbra University Hospital; Coimbra Portugal
| | - B. J. Vlieg-Boerstra
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergy; Emma Children's Hospital; Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Z. Q. Zolkipli
- NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit; University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust; Southampton UK
- Faculty of Medicine; Human Development and Health and Clinical Experimental Sciences Academic Units; University of Southampton; Southampton UK
| | - A. Sheikh
- Allergy & Respiratory Research Group; Center for Population Health Sciences; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
This paper discusses an Index developed and used to measure accessibility to health services provided on an outpatient basis at the Kaiser Community Health Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio. The Index is based on four levels of urgency or severity of illness and on the waiting times to get entry into the system. The parameters of the Index, initially established by task force members, were tested on a sample basis against the judgments of Kaiser outpatient facility users and finally refined through the consensus-seeking Delphi technique using a panel representing Kaiser members, gatekeepers, physicians and administrators. The actual times required to gain accessibility in the various process stages and in the various departments were obtained through simulated requests for appointments, by monitoring telephone calls to the various gate-keeping stations, by direct observations, and by the use of a telephone traffic computer. The paper discusses the Index developed, the data collection methodologies, and the data analyses performed.
Collapse
|