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Brahma S, Goyal AK, Dhamodhar P, Kumari MR, Jayashree S, Usha T, Middha SK. Can Polyherbal Medicine be used for the Treatment of Diabetes? - A Review of Historical Classics, Research Evidence and Current Prevention Programs. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e140323214600. [PMID: 36918778 DOI: 10.2174/1573399819666230314093721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic medical condition, has attained a global pandemic status over the last few decades affecting millions of people. Despite a variety of synthetic drugs available in the market, the use of herbal medicines for managing diabetes is gaining importance because of being comparatively safer. This article reviews the result of a substantial literature search on polyherbal formulations (PHFs) developed and evaluated with potential for DM. The accumulated data in the literature allowed us to enlist 76PHFs consisting of different parts of 147 plant species belonging to 58 botanical families. The documented plant species are laden with bioactive components with anti-diabetic properties and thus draw attention. The most favoured ingredient for PHFs was leaves of Gymnema sylvestre and seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum used in 27 and 22 formulations, respectively. Apart from herbs, shilajit (exudates from high mountain rocks) formed an important component of 9 PHFs, whereas calcined Mytilus margaritiferus and goat pancreas were used in Dolabi, the most commonly used tablet form of PHF in Indian markets. The healing properties of PHFs against diabetes have been examined in both pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. However, the mechanism(s) of action of PHFs are still unclear and considered the pitfalls inherent in understanding the benefits of PHFs. From the information available based on experimental systems, it could be concluded that plant-derived medicines will have a considerable role to play in the control of diabetes provided the challenges related to their bioavailability, bioefficacy, optimal dose, lack of characterization, ambiguous mechanism of action, and clinical efficiency are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudem Brahma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, BTR, Assam, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, BTR, Assam, India
| | - Prakash Dhamodhar
- Department of Biotechnology, M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangaluru-560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Mani Reema Kumari
- Department of Botany, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru-560012, Karnataka, India
| | - S Jayashree
- School of Allied Health Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru-560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru-560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru-560012, Karnataka, India
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Narzary I, Swarnakar A, Kalita M, Middha SK, Usha T, Babu D, Mochahary B, Brahma S, Basumatary J, Goyal AK. Acknowledging the use of botanicals to treat diabetic foot ulcer during the 21 st century: A systematic review. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:4035-4059. [PMID: 37388781 PMCID: PMC10303622 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i17.4035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a serious health issue of diabetes mellitus that affects innumerable people worldwide. Management and treatment of this complication are challenging, especially for those whose immune system is weak.
AIM To discuss the plants and their parts used to heal DFU, along with the mode of their administration in diabetic patients.
METHODS The original articles on “the plants for the treatment of DFU” studied in clinical cases only were obtained from various bibliographic databases using different keywords.
RESULTS The search resulted in 22 clinical cases records with 20 medicinal plants belonging to 17 families on 1553 subjects. The fruits and leaves were the most preferentially used parts for DFU treatment, regardless of whether they were being administered orally or applied topically. Of the 20 medicinal plants, 19 reported their effectiveness in increasing angiogenesis, epithelialization, and granulation, thus hastening the wound-healing process. The efficacy of these botanicals might be attributed to their major bioactive compounds, such as actinidin and ascorbic acid (in Actinidia deliciosa), 7-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-galactin (in Ageratina pichinchensis), omega-3-fatty acid (in Linum usitatissimum), isoquercetin (in Melilotus officinalis), anthocyanins (in Myrtus communis), and plantamajoside (in Plantago major).
CONCLUSION The validation of mechanisms of action underlying these phytocompounds contributing to the management of DFU can aid in our better understanding of creating efficient treatment options for DFU and its associated problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Illora Narzary
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar 783370, Assam, India
- Department of Zoology, Baosi Banikanta Kakati College, Barpeta 781311, Assam, India
| | - Amit Swarnakar
- Medical Unit, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar 783370, Assam, India
| | - Mrinal Kalita
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar 783370, Assam, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Dinesh Babu
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Banjai Mochahary
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar 783370, Assam, India
| | - Sudem Brahma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar 783370, Assam, India
| | - Jangila Basumatary
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar 783370, Assam, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar 783370, Assam, India
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Das AJ, Sarangi AN, Ravinath R, Talambedu U, Krishnareddy PM, Nijalingappa R, Middha SK. Improved species level bacterial characterization from rhizosphere soil of wilt infected Punica granatum. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8653. [PMID: 37244920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35219-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate crops are prone to wilt complex disease, which is known to severely hamper the crop yield. There have been limited studies that have explored bacteria-plant-host associations in wilt complex disease affecting pomegranate crops. In the present study, wilt infected rhizosphere soil samples (ISI, ASI) in pomegranate were studied in comparison to a healthy control (HSC). The 16S metagenomics sequencing approach using the MinION platform was employed for screening of bacterial communities and predictive functional pathways. Altered physicochemical properties in the soil samples were recorded showing a comparatively acidic pH in the ISI (6.35) and ASI (6.63) soil samples to the HSC soil (7.66), along with higher electrical conductivity in the ISI (139.5 µS/cm), ASI soil (180 µS/cm), HSC soil sample (123.33 µS/cm). While concentration of micronutrients such as Cl and B were significantly higher in the ISI and ASI soil as compared to the HSC, Cu and Zn were significantly higher in the ASI soil. The effectiveness and accuracy of 16S metagenomics studies in identifying beneficial and pathogenic bacterial communities in multi-pathogen-host systems depend on the completeness and consistency of the available 16S rRNA sequence repositories. Enhancing these repositories could significantly improve the exploratory potential of such studies. Thus, multiple 16S rRNA data repositories (RDP, GTDB, EzBioCloud, SILVA, and GreenGenes) were benchmarked, and the findings indicated that SILVA yields the most reliable matches. Consequently, SILVA was chosen for further analysis at the species level. Relative abundance estimates of bacterial species showed variations of growth promoting bacteria, namely, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megatarium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas stutzeri and Micrococcus luteus. Functional profiling predictions employing PICRUSt2 revealed a number of enriched pathways such as transporter protein families involved in signalling and cellular processes, iron complex transport system substrate binding protein, peptidoglycan biosynthesis II (staphylococci) and TCA cycle VII (acetate-producers). In line with past reports, results suggest that an acidic pH along with the bioavailability of micronutrients such as Fe and Mn could be facilitating the prevalence and virulence of Fusarium oxysporum, a known causative pathogen, against the host and beneficial bacterial communities. This study identifies bacterial communities taking into account the physicochemical and other abiotic soil parameters in wilt-affected pomegranate crops. The insights obtained could be instrumental in developing effective management strategies to enhance crop yield and mitigate the impact of wilt complex disease on pomegranate crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam J Das
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560064, India
- Basesolve Informatics Pvt. Ltd., Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380006, India
| | | | - Renuka Ravinath
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560064, India
| | - Usha Talambedu
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammani College for Women, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | | | - Ramesh Nijalingappa
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560064, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammani College for Women, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College For Women, Bangalore, Karnataka-560012, India.
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Ravinath R, Das AJ, Usha T, Ramesh N, Middha SK. Targeted metagenome sequencing reveals the abundance of Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes in the rhizosphere of pomegranate. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:481. [PMID: 35834016 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Agricultural productivity of pomegranate can be enhanced by identifying the crop-associated microbial diversity in the rhizosphere region with respect to plant growth promoters and other beneficial organisms. Traditional culture methods have limitations in microbial screening as only 1-2% of these organisms can be cultured. In the present study, 16S rRNA amplicon-based metagenomics approach using MinION Oxford Nanopore platform was employed to explore the microbial diversity in the rhizosphere of pomegranate Bhagwa variety, across variable soil depths from 0 to 5 cms (R2), 5-10 cms (R4) and 10-15 cms (R6), using bulk soil as the control. Across all the three layers, significant variations in pH, nitrogen content and total fungal count were observed. 16S rRNA analysis showed the abundance of planctomycetes, Pirellula staleyi, followed by bacteroidetes, Flavisolibacter LC59 and Niastella koreensis across the various soil depths in the rhizospheric soil samples. Pathway prediction analysis indicated arginine and proline metabolism (gamma-glutamyl putrescine oxidase) and hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis as the most abundant pathway hits. Comparative abundance analysis across layers showed the R6 layer with the maximum microbial diversity in terms of highest dimension of variation (79.2%) followed by R4 and R2 layers (p < 0.01). Our analysis shows the significant influence of root zone in shaping microbial diversity. This study has reported the presence of Planctomycetes, Pirellula staleyi for the first time in the pomegranate field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Ravinath
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Anupam J Das
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India
- Basesolve Informatics Private Limited, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, 380006, Gujarat, India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammani College for Women, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Nijalingappa Ramesh
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammani College for Women, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India.
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Usha T, Middha SK, Babu D, Goyal AK, Das AJ, Saini D, Sarangi A, Krishnamurthy V, Prasannakumar MK, Saini DK, Sidhalinghamurthy KR. Hybrid Assembly and Annotation of the Genome of the Indian Punica granatum, a Superfood. Front Genet 2022; 13:786825. [PMID: 35646087 PMCID: PMC9130716 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.786825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The wonder fruit pomegranate (Punica granatum, family Lythraceae) is one of India’s economically important fruit crops that can grow in different agro-climatic conditions ranging from tropical to temperate regions. This study reports high-quality de novo draft hybrid genome assembly of diploid Punica cultivar “Bhagwa” and identifies its genomic features. This cultivar is most common among the farmers due to its high sustainability, glossy red color, soft seed, and nutraceutical properties with high market value. The draft genome assembly is about 361.76 Mb (N50 = 40 Mb), ∼9.0 Mb more than the genome size estimated by flow cytometry. The genome is 90.9% complete, and only 26.68% of the genome is occupied by transposable elements and has a relative abundance of 369.93 SSRs/Mb of the genome. A total of 30,803 proteins and their putative functions were predicted. Comparative whole-genome analysis revealed Eucalyptus grandis as the nearest neighbor. KEGG-KASS annotations indicated an abundance of genes involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, and secondary metabolites, which are responsible for various medicinal properties of pomegranate, including anticancer, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. The genome and gene annotations provide new insights into the pharmacological properties of the secondary metabolites synthesized in pomegranate. They will also serve as a valuable resource in mining biosynthetic pathways for key metabolites, novel genes, and variations associated with disease resistance, which can facilitate the breeding of new varieties with high yield and superior quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- DBT-BIF Facility, Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, India
| | - Dinesh Babu
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Centre for Bamboo Studies, Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, India
| | | | - Deepti Saini
- Protein Design Private Limited, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | | | - Deepak Kumar Saini
- Department of Molecular Reproduction Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
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Boro H, Usha T, Babu D, Chandana P, Goyal AK, Ekambaram H, Yusufoglu HS, Das S, Middha SK. Hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of Morus indica roots from Indian Bodo tribes. SN Appl Sci 2022; 4:49. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe roots of Morus species are well described in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (ChP) for its traditional use in treating liver fibrosis due to its hepatoprotective property. However, little is known about the hepatoprotective effect of the roots of Morus indica L. (RoMi), and the pharmacological mechanism(s) are uncertain due to its intricacy. Therefore, this study evaluates the hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of RoMi (eRoMi) against the CCl4-induced in-vivo animal model at different dosages (100 and 200 mg/kg BW) in comparison with silymarin as a positive control. The hepatoprotective activity of eRoMi was evaluated by measuring the levels of serum biomarkers, hepatic antioxidant enzymes and was verified by histological studies. Interestingly, 1,2-bis(trimethylsilyl) benzene, 1,4-phenylenebis (trimethylsilane), 2,4,6-cycloheptatriene-1-one, 3,5-bis-trimethylsilyl and α-amyrin were the active components found in eRoMi as detected by GC–MS. Oral administration of eRoMi (200 mg/kg BW) to rats significantly protected serum biochemical parameters (increased ALT, AST, LDH, bilirubin and GGT as well as depletion of antioxidant enzymes and hepatic GSH) and elevation in hepatic lipid peroxidation as compared to CCl4-treated rats. The hematological indices such as erythrocytes, hemoglobin, monocytes and lymphocytes were also normal in eRoMi-treated rats. The histopathological evaluation indicated a significant restoration of liver structure as compared to silymarin. This study is the first scientific validation for the traditional use of eRoMi to understand its hepatoprotective activity.
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Boro H, Usha T, Babu D, Chandana P, Goyal AK, Ekambaram H, Yusufoglu HS, Das S, Middha SK. Hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of Morus indica roots from Indian Bodo tribes. SN Appl Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe roots of Morus species are well described in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (ChP) for its traditional use in treating liver fibrosis due to its hepatoprotective property. However, little is known about the hepatoprotective effect of the roots of Morus indica L. (RoMi), and the pharmacological mechanism(s) are uncertain due to its intricacy. Therefore, this study evaluates the hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of RoMi (eRoMi) against the CCl4-induced in-vivo animal model at different dosages (100 and 200 mg/kg BW) in comparison with silymarin as a positive control. The hepatoprotective activity of eRoMi was evaluated by measuring the levels of serum biomarkers, hepatic antioxidant enzymes and was verified by histological studies. Interestingly, 1,2-bis(trimethylsilyl) benzene, 1,4-phenylenebis (trimethylsilane), 2,4,6-cycloheptatriene-1-one, 3,5-bis-trimethylsilyl and α-amyrin were the active components found in eRoMi as detected by GC–MS. Oral administration of eRoMi (200 mg/kg BW) to rats significantly protected serum biochemical parameters (increased ALT, AST, LDH, bilirubin and GGT as well as depletion of antioxidant enzymes and hepatic GSH) and elevation in hepatic lipid peroxidation as compared to CCl4-treated rats. The hematological indices such as erythrocytes, hemoglobin, monocytes and lymphocytes were also normal in eRoMi-treated rats. The histopathological evaluation indicated a significant restoration of liver structure as compared to silymarin. This study is the first scientific validation for the traditional use of eRoMi to understand its hepatoprotective activity.
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Middha SK, David A, Haldar S, Boro H, Panda P, Bajare N, Milesh L, Devaraj V, Usha T. Databases, DrugBank, and virtual screening platforms for therapeutic development. Computational Approaches for Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Designing to Mitigate SARS-CoV-2 Infection 2022. [PMCID: PMC9300480 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-91172-6.00021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The upsurge of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has turned into a global health disaster. Many remodeled medications were suggested for treatment in the early stages of this pandemic, but these dosages afterward came across with distinct offshoots. Thus, these consequences compelled the scientists to develop new drugs using various antiviral, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, and phytochemical compounds. A handful of drugs have been scrutinized in silico, in vitro, plus through human trials such as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents and made available as various databases by various scientific communities. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic databases are designed to allay difficulties associated with this scenario. Some of the popular databases are GESS (global evaluation of SARS-CoV-2/HCoV-19 sequences) which gives a thorough study of data based on tenfold of thousands of complete coverage and quality of SARS-CoV-2 genomes, CORona Drug InTERactions (CORDITE) database for SARS-CoV-2 which profoundly combines the understanding of potential drugs and make it available for scientists and medicos. SARSCOVIDB set one’s sights to merge all differential gene expression data, at mRNA and protein levels, helping to accelerate analysis and research on the molecular impact of covid-19. This chapter aims to provide a piece of complete information about the SARS-CoV-2 virus databases, potentially available drugs, and virtual screening methods. And also provides a different webserver to reach out for information related to the COVID-19 pandemic and its future.
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Usha T, Middha SK, Shanmugarajan D, Babu D, Goyal AK, Yusufoglu HS, Sidhalinghamurthy KR. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolic profiling, molecular simulation and dynamics of diverse phytochemicals of Punica granatum L. leaves against estrogen receptor. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2021; 26:423-441. [PMID: 34590457 DOI: 10.52586/4957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer globally and its treatment with many FDA-approved synthetic drugs manifests various side effects. Alternatively, phytochemicals are natural reserves of novel drugs for cancer therapy. Punica granatum commonly known as pomegranate is a rich source of phytopharmaceuticals. Methods: The phytoconstituents of Punica granatum leaves were profiled using GC-MS/MS in the present work. Cytoscape-assisted network pharmacology of principal and prognostic biomarkers, which are immunohistochemically tested in breast cancer tissue, was carried out for the identification of protein target. Followed by, rigorous virtual screening of 145 phytoconstituents against the three ER isoforms (α, β and γ) was performed using Discovery Studio. The docked complexes were further evaluated for their flexibility and stability using GROMACS2016 through 50 ns long molecular dynamic simulations. Results: In the current study, we report the precise and systematic GC-MS/MS profiling of phytoconstituents (19 novel metabolites out of 145) of hydromethanolic extract of Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) leaves. These phytocompounds are various types of fatty acids, terpenes, heterocyclic compounds and flavonoids. 4-coumaric acid methyl ester was identified as the best inhibitor of ER isoforms with drug-likeness and no toxicity from ADMET screening. γ-ligand binding domain complex showed the best interactions with minimum RMSD, constant Rg, and the maximum number of hydrogen bonds. Conclusion: We conclude that 4-coumaric acid methyl ester exhibits favourable drug-like properties comparable to tamoxifen, an FDA-approved breast cancer drug and can be tested further in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, 560029 Karnataka, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- DBT-BIF Facility, Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, 560012 Bangalore, India
| | - Dhivya Shanmugarajan
- DBT-BIF Facility, Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, 560012 Bangalore, India
| | - Dinesh Babu
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Centre for Bamboo Studies, Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, 783370 Assam, India
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Das AJ, Ravinath R, Shilpa BR, Rohith BS, Goyal AK, Shilpa NR, Prasannakumar MK, Prasannakumar HE, Ekambaram H, Usha T, Middha SK. Microbiomics and cloud-based analytics advance sustainable soil management. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2021; 26:478-495. [PMID: 33049679 DOI: 10.2741/4903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Soil constitutes a major component of the agro-ecosystem. Unrestrained uses of chemical pesticides and increased human activities have contributed to unprecedented changes in soil microflora affecting productivity. Modern microbiomics has proven to be an indispensable tool to understand the adaptations underlying complex soil microbial communities and their beneficial applications. In this review, we seek to emphasize the scope of microbiomics in enhancing soil productivity by providing an overview of the various sequencing platforms considering key parameters such as the accuracy, read lengths, reads per run, time involved and weighing out their pros and cons. The advances in modern ultra-high-throughput microbiomics platforms in combination with cloud-based analytics for in-depth exploration of soil-microbe associations can help achieve sustainable soil management contributing to better plant yield and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam J Das
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Bangalore-560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Renuka Ravinath
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Bangalore-560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Budiyal Ramesh Shilpa
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Bangalore-560064, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar- 783370, Assam, India
| | | | | | | | - Hemavathy Ekambaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammani College for Women, Bengaluru-560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammani College for Women, Bengaluru-560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammani College for Women, Bengaluru-560012, Karnataka, India,
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Middha SK, Usha T, Basistha BC, Goyal AK. Amelioration of antioxidant potential, toxicity, and antihyperglycemic activity of Hippophae salicifolia D. Don leaf extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:308. [PMID: 31355117 PMCID: PMC6661051 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1840-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficacy of several plant extracts in the clinical research for modulating oxidative stress correlated with diabetes mellitus (DM) is well documented. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro antioxidant activity, toxicity, and anti-diabetic activity of methanolic extract of Hippophae salicifolia leaves in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic wistar rats. H. salicifolia leaves were found to be rich in antioxidants. The acute toxicity test of methanolic extract of H. salicifolia leaves revealed that the median lethal dose (LD50) was found to be 3.92 g/kg body weight in mice. Administration of H. salicifolia leaves at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg in alloxan-induced diabetic rats illustrated significant reduction (22% and 39%, respectively) in fasting blood glucose compared to diabetic control. Both the doses were found to be effective when compared to diabetic rats. The Hippophae-treated diabetic rats showed significant increase in the endogenous antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (50% and 74%, respectively), glutathione peroxidase (57% and 41%, respectively) and decrease in malondialdehyde (33% and 15%, respectively) levels. These results suggested that the methanolic leaf extract of H. salicifolia enhanced the antioxidant defence against reactive oxygen species produced under hyperglycaemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Malleswaram, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012 India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore University, Sneha Bhavana, Jnanabharathi Campus, Bengaluru, Karnataka 5600056 India
| | | | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Centre for Bamboo Studies and Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Bodoland Territorial Area Districts (BTAD), Kokrajhar, Assam 783370 India
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Srinivasa SB, Poojary B, Brahmavara U, Das AJ, Middha SK. Anti-Inflammatory, Radical Scavenging Mechanism of New 4-Aryl-[1,3]-thiazol-2-yl-2-quinoline Carbohydrazides and Quinolinyl[1,3]-thiazolo[3,2-b
][1,2,4]triazoles. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Boja Poojary
- Department of Studies in Chemistry; Mangalore University; Mangalagangotri-574 199 Karnataka India
| | - Usha Brahmavara
- Department of Biochemistry; Alva's College, Moodbidri; Karnataka India
| | - Anupam Jyoti Das
- Department of Biotechnology; School of Chemical and Biological Sciences; REVA University, Kattigenahalli Campus, Bangalore -; 560064 Karnataka India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- DBT-BIF Facility; Department of Biotechnology; Maharani Lakshmi Ammani College for Women (MLACW), Bangalore -; 560012 Karnataka India
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Basumatary A, Middha SK, Usha T, Bhattacharya S, Brahma BK, Goyal AK. Morphological phylogeny among 15 accessions of bamboos growing in Kokrajhar district of the Bodoland Territorial Area Districts, Assam. J For Res 2018; 29:1379-1386. [DOI: 10.1007/s11676-017-0535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Kamala A, Middha SK, Karigar CS. Plants in traditional medicine with special reference to Cyperus rotundus L.: a review. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:309. [PMID: 30002998 PMCID: PMC6037646 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The nutgrass, Cyperus rotundus L. (Family: Cyperaceae), is a colonial, perennial herb considered to have originated in India 2000 years ago and widely used in Ayurveda to treat several ailments. In addition to its prehistoric uses, it is used in several systems of medicine for treating variety of diseases. The synergistic actions of the Cyperus' compounds have added advantage over that of a single constituent. In the past decade, numerous studies proved analgesic, anti-allergic, anti-arthritic, anti-candida, anti-cariogenic, anti-convulsant, anti-diarrheal, anti-emetic, anti-helminthic, anti-histamine, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, anti-obesity, antioxidant, anti-platelet, anti-pyretic, anti-ulcer, anti-viral, cardioprotective, cytoprotective, cytotoxic, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, ovicidal, and larvicidal, wound healing and inhibition of brain Na+ K+ ATPase activities of C. rotundus and its chemical constituents. However, the exact the mechanism of action is not very clear and requires further evaluation. These properties strongly suggest an extensive use of C. rotundus for clinical applications. In this review, we attempted to provide information about the pharmacological effects of Cyperus and its proposed mechanisms of actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunagiri Kamala
- Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Tumkur University, Tumkur, Karnataka India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- DBT-BIF Facility, Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Science Post, Malleswaram, Bangalore, Karnataka India
| | - Chandrakant S. Karigar
- Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Tumkur University, Tumkur, Karnataka India
- Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka India
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Kamala A, Middha SK, Gopinath C, Sindhura HS, Karigar CS. In vitro Antioxidant Potentials of Cyperus rotundus L. Rhizome Extracts and Their Phytochemical Analysis. Pharmacogn Mag 2018; 14:261-267. [PMID: 29720842 PMCID: PMC5909326 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_228_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cyperus rotundus L. (family Cyperaceae), native to India, is a multivalent medicinal plant widely used in conventional medicine. The research reports on bioactive components from C. rotundus L. are scanty. Objective: The objective of the study was to optimize the best solvent system and bioprospect the possible phytochemicals in C. rotundus L. rhizome (CRR). Materials and Methods: The phytochemicals were extracted from the rhizomes of C. rotundus L. by successive Soxhlet technique with solvents of increasing polarity. The resultant extracts were analyzed for their total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), total proanthocyanidin content (TPAC), in vitro antioxidant potential, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The 70% acetone extract of CRR was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for probable phytochemicals. Results and Discussion: The TPC, TFC, and TPAC estimates ranged from 0.036 ± 0.002 to 118.924 ± 5.946 μg/mg extract, 7.196 ± 0.359 to 200.654 ± 10.032 μg/mg extract, and 13.115 ± 0.656 to 45.901 ± 2.295 μg/mg extract, respectively. The quantities of TPC, TFC, and TPAC were found to be the highest in 70% acetone extract. The 70% acetone and 70% methanol extracts revealed best radical scavenging effect. GC-MS analysis of CRR extract revealed the presence of a novel compound 1 (2)-acetyl-3 (5)-styryl-5 (3)-methylthiopyrazole. Conclusion: The study indicated that 70% acetone and 70% methanol extracts of CRRs can be a potential source of antioxidants. SUMMARY The studies suggest 70% methanol and acetone as the suitable solvents for the extraction of phytochemicals Novel compound 1(2)-Acetyl-3(5)-styryl-5(3)-methylthiopyrazole was detected in 70% acetone extract.
Abbreviations used: ACRE: Acetone C. rotundus L. rhizome extract; AlCl3: Aluminum chloride; AQRE: Aqueous C. rotundus L. rhizome extract; CE: Catechin Equivalent; CHRE: Chloroform C. rotundus L. rhizome extract; CRR: C. rotundus L. rhizome; DPPH: 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; ETRE: Ethanolic C. rotundus L. rhizome extract; EARE: Ethyl acetate C. rotundus L. rhizome extract; FRP: Ferric reducing power; GAE: Gallic acid equivalent; GC-MS: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; HERE: Hexane C. rotundus L. rhizome extract; MERE: Methanolic C. rotundus L. rhizome extract; PERE: Petroleum ether C. rotundus L. rhizome extract; QE: Quercetin equivalent; RNS: Reactive nitrogen species; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TFC: Total flavonoid content; TPC: Total phenolic content; TPAC: Total proanthocyanidin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunagiri Kamala
- Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Tumkur University, Tumkur, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Chitra Gopinath
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - H S Sindhura
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandrakant S Karigar
- Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Tumkur University, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Usha T, Shanmugarajan D, Goyal AK, Kumar CS, Middha SK. Recent Updates on Computer-aided Drug Discovery: Time for a Paradigm Shift. Curr Top Med Chem 2018; 17:3296-3307. [PMID: 29295698 DOI: 10.2174/1568026618666180101163651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Computer-Aided Drug Designing (CADD) has gained a wide popularity among biologists and chemists as a part of interdisciplinary drug discovery approach. It plays a vital role in the discovery, design and analysis of drugs in pharmaceutical industry. It is extensively used to reduce cost, time and speed up the early stage development of biologically new active molecules. In the current review we presented a brief review of CADD, merits and demerits, DNA, protein and enzyme as targets, types of CADD: Structure Based Drug Designing (SBDD), Ligand Based Drug Designing (LBDD), Pharmacophore based drug designing (PBDD) and Fragment Based Drug Designing (FBDD), theory behind the types of CADD and their applications. The review also focuses on the in-silico pharmokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicity filters or predictions that play a major role in identifying the drug like molecules. Currently in pharmaceutical sciences computational tools and software are exhibiting imperative role in the different stages of drug discovery hence the review throws light on various commercial and freeware available for each step of CADD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Dhivya Shanmugarajan
- DBT-BIF facility, Department of Biotechnology, Science Research Centre, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni, College for Women, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Centre for Bamboo Studies, Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, Assam, India
| | - Chinaga Suresh Kumar
- Barrix Agro Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Department of Chemistry, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- DBT-BIF facility, Department of Biotechnology, Science Research Centre, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni, College for Women, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Middha SK. Identification of bioactive glucose-lowering compounds of methanolic extract of Hodgsonia heteroclita fruit pulp. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2018; 23:875-888. [DOI: 10.2741/4622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Middha SK. Identification of bioactive glucose-lowering compounds of methanolic extract of Hodgsonia heteroclita fruit pulp. Front Biosci 2018; 23:875-888. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.2741/4622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Usha T, Pradhan S, Goyal AK, Dhivya S, Kumar HPP, Singh MK, Joshi N, Basistha BC, Murthy KRS, Selvaraj S, Middha SK. Molecular Simulation-based Combinatorial Modeling and Antioxidant Activities of Zingiberaceae Family Rhizomes. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:S715-S722. [PMID: 29142438 PMCID: PMC5669121 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_82_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main aim of this scientific report was to investigate a series of phytochemicals in silico and the pharmacology of four plants found at higher altitude in the ginger family, Zingiberaceae (incl. Costaceae) from North-East India, particularly Sikkim. First, the goal was to determine the biological activities of the four herbs (used under Zingiberaceae family) using antioxidant assays to identify the best species. Second, previously reported compounds in litero were subsequently screened for their anticancerous activities using in silico methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the methanolic extracts of herbs, quantitative detection of phytochemicals such as total phenols and total flavonoids was detected, and the free radical scavenging activity was also studied using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Docking process was studied, using Discovery Studio version 3.5, to identify suitable molecules at the protein-binding sites through annealing and genetic simulation algorithms. Grids centered on active sites were obtained with spacing of 54 × 55 × 56, and 0.503 grid spacing was calculated. The methods adopted and used in this study were comparisons of Global and Local Search Methods to determine the parameters such as maximum number of 250,000 energy evaluations as well as generations of 27,000, followed by mutation and crossover rates of 0.02 and 0.80. The number of docking runs was set to 10. Molecular dynamics study was done to check the stability of the complex. RESULTS Among all the genus of Zingiberaceae family investigated in this study, Curcuma angustifolia and Hedychium sp. exhibited the highest 537 ± 12.45; 292 ± 9.16 mg gallic acid equivalent/g total polyphenols and 38 ± 1.54; 75 ± 6.75 mg quercetin equivalent/g flavonoids, respectively. Depending on the concentration, the Hedychium sp. extract exerted the highest scavenging activity on DPPH radical (IC50 36.4 μg/mL). In silico result demonstrated that the synergetic effects of β-phellandrene with other compounds might be responsible for its anticancerous activity. β-phellandrene and farnesene epoxide showed bonding with Leu298, Ala302, Met336, Leu339, Leu343, Phe356, Ala302, Glu305, Met340, Leu343, Arg346, Phe356, Ile373, Ile376, Leu380, His475, Leu476, and Leu491. CONCLUSION Based on the current available literature, this is the first study to understand the interaction of compounds found in the rhizomes of Zingiberaceae family. SUMMARY The aqueous methanolic extract of Zingiberaceae family Curcuma angustifolia and Hedychium sp. has potent antioxidant activity as assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl assaysHedychium sp. is understood to possess more active compounds than other varietiesIn silico studies indicated synergetic effects of β-phellandrene and other compounds for its anticancerous activity. Abbreviations used: CADD: Computer-aided drug designing; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; ADMET: Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion-toxicity; FeCl3: Ferric chloride; DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl; NaNO2: Sodium nitrite; TCA: Trichloroacetic acid; K2HPO4: Di-potassium hydrogen phosphate; H2O2: Hydrogen peroxide; KH2PO4: Potassium di-hydrogen phosphate, K2Fe (CN)6: Potassium ferricyanide; KOH: Potassium hydroxide; NaOH: Sodium hydroxide; Na2CO3: Sodium carbonate; CH3COONa: Sodium acetate; AlCl3: Aluminum chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talambedu Usha
- DBT-BIF Facility, Biotechnology Finishing School, Science Research Centre, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushen Pradhan
- Sikkim State Council of Science and Technology, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Centre for Bamboo Studies, Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, Assam, India
| | - Shanmugarajan Dhivya
- DBT-BIF Facility, Biotechnology Finishing School, Science Research Centre, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - H. P. Prashanth Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neelu Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | | | - Saravanakumar Selvaraj
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- DBT-BIF Facility, Biotechnology Finishing School, Science Research Centre, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Dhivya S, Suresh Kumar C, Bommuraj V, Janarthanam R, Chandran M, Usha T, Middha SK. A study of comparative modelling, simulation and molecular dynamics of CXCR3 receptor with lipid bilayer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:2361-2372. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1354783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugarajan Dhivya
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, DBT-BIF Facility, Biotechnology Finishing School, Research Centre, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, India
| | - Chinaga Suresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Barrix Agro Sciences Pvt. Ltd., 68A, 6th Main, 3rd Phase, Peenya, Bengaluru, India
| | - Vijayakumar Bommuraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Asthagiri Herbal Research Foundation, 162A, Perungudi, Chennai, India
| | - Rethavathi Janarthanam
- Department of Biotechnology, Asthagiri Herbal Research Foundation, 162A, Perungudi, Chennai, India
| | - Meena Chandran
- Department of Biotechnology, Asthagiri Herbal Research Foundation, 162A, Perungudi, Chennai, India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, DBT-BIF Facility, Biotechnology Finishing School, Research Centre, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, DBT-BIF Facility, Biotechnology Finishing School, Research Centre, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, India
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Basumatary A, Middha SK, Usha T, Basumatary AK, Brahma BK, Goyal AK. Bamboo shoots as a nutritive boon for Northeast India: an overview. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:169. [PMID: 28660452 PMCID: PMC5489443 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With about 136 species, India is one among the richest countries in bamboo resources that help mankind in more than 1500 diverse ways. Although the utilization of juvenile shoots of bamboo in tribal diet of Northeast India is a very old observable fact, its numerous health benefits and potentiality remains uncharted. Apart from being delicious, the bamboo shoots are also rich in minerals and nutrient components such as carbohydrates, proteins, fiber and are low in fat and sugar which could be helpful in mitigating the problem of malnutrition. Few studies also revealed the health benefits of bamboo shoots for the treatment of cancer and cardiovascular diseases, weight loss and to improve digestion. Over and above the nutritional values of different species of bamboo shoots, the increasing inclinations towards health awareness among the consumers have emphasized its utilization in modern diet as a health food for boosting the nutritional security. Thus, in the present review, the nutraceutical potentiality of bamboo shoots is explored alongside its various qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusriti Basumatary
- Centre for Bamboo Studies, Bodoland University, Bodoland Territorial Area District, Kokrajhar, Assam, 783370, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Bodoland Territorial Area District, Kokrajhar, Assam, 783370, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Amit Kumar Basumatary
- Centre for Bamboo Studies, Bodoland University, Bodoland Territorial Area District, Kokrajhar, Assam, 783370, India
| | - Birendra Kumar Brahma
- Centre for Bamboo Studies, Bodoland University, Bodoland Territorial Area District, Kokrajhar, Assam, 783370, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Centre for Bamboo Studies, Bodoland University, Bodoland Territorial Area District, Kokrajhar, Assam, 783370, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Bodoland Territorial Area District, Kokrajhar, Assam, 783370, India.
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Goyal AK, Middha SK, Usha T, Sen A. Analysis of toxic, antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Bambusa balcooa Roxb. leaf extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:120. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1007/s13205-017-0776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Bambusa balcooa (Poaceae) is native to India and has been used traditionally by the tribes of Northeast India to treat diabetes. The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the toxicity, anti-diabetic activity along with in vitro antioxidant activity of the leaf of B. balcooa in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and also identify active compounds by using HPLC. The acute toxicity test of aqueous extract of B. balcooa leaf revealed that the median lethal dose (LD50) of B. balcooa aqueous extract (BAQE) was 5.18 g/kg body weight in mice. Administration of BAQE at 100 and 200 mg/kg in alloxan-induced diabetic rats showed significant reduction in fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin while plasma insulin level was elevated compared to diabetic control. Both the doses were effective when compared to diabetic glibenclamide rats. The BAQE treated diabetic rats showed significant increase in the endogenous antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and decrease in malondialdehyde levels. HPLC analysis of BAQE showed the presence of rutin, gallic acid and β sitosterol. Thus, it can be inferred from this study that BAQE possess antidiabetic and in vivo antioxidant activity. The overall activity might be possibly due to the presence of potential antioxidants.
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Goyal AK, Middha SK, Usha T, Sen A. Analysis of toxic, antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Bambusa balcooa Roxb. leaf extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:120. [PMID: 28567632 PMCID: PMC5451367 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bambusa balcooa (Poaceae) is native to India and has been used traditionally by the tribes of Northeast India to treat diabetes. The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the toxicity, anti-diabetic activity along with in vitro antioxidant activity of the leaf of B. balcooa in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and also identify active compounds by using HPLC. The acute toxicity test of aqueous extract of B. balcooa leaf revealed that the median lethal dose (LD50) of B. balcooa aqueous extract (BAQE) was 5.18 g/kg body weight in mice. Administration of BAQE at 100 and 200 mg/kg in alloxan-induced diabetic rats showed significant reduction in fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin while plasma insulin level was elevated compared to diabetic control. Both the doses were effective when compared to diabetic glibenclamide rats. The BAQE treated diabetic rats showed significant increase in the endogenous antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and decrease in malondialdehyde levels. HPLC analysis of BAQE showed the presence of rutin, gallic acid and β sitosterol. Thus, it can be inferred from this study that BAQE possess antidiabetic and in vivo antioxidant activity. The overall activity might be possibly due to the presence of potential antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Bamboo Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, 783370, Assam, India.
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, PG (Science) Research Centre, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bengaluru, 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Arnab Sen
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, 734013, West Bengal, India
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Usha T, Middha SK, Narzary D, Brahma BK, Goyal AK. In silico and in vivo based scientific evaluation of traditional anti-diabetic herb Hodgsonia heteroclita. BANGL J PHARMACOL 2017. [DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v12i2.31122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Prakash L, Middha SK, Mohanty SK, Swamy MK. Micropropagation and validation of genetic and biochemical fidelity among regenerants of Nothapodytes nimmoniana (Graham) Mabb. employing ISSR markers and HPLC. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:171. [PMID: 28330243 PMCID: PMC4987634 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0490-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An in vitro protocol has been established for clonal propagation of Nothapodytes nimmoniana which is an important source of Camptothecin (CPT). Elite source was identified based on the chemical potency to accumulate the optimum level of CPT. Different types and concentrations of plant growth regulators were used to study their effect on inducing multiple shoots from the explants regenerated from embryos of N. nimmoniana. Of these, a combination of N6-benzyladenine (0.2 mg L-1) and Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0.1 mg L-1) proved optimum for differentiating multiple shoots in 90.6 % of the cultures with an average of 10.24 shoots per explant obtained within 8 weeks of inoculation. Nearly, 92 % of the excised in vitro shoots rooted on half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.05 % activated charcoal, supplemented with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid and IBA at 0.1 mg L-1 each. The micropropagated plants were evaluated for their genetic fidelity by employing inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers. Ten individuals, randomly chosen from a population of 145 regenerants, were compared with the donor plant. The regenerated plants were also evaluated for their chemical potency using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of CPT content. The true-to-type nature of the micropropagated plants was confirmed based on their monomorphic banding profiles with that of the mother plants using ISSR markers. Besides, HPLC evaluation of the CPT content confirmed the existence of chemical uniformity among the regenerated plants and the elite mother plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, JNTU Kukatpally, Hyderabad, India.
- Department of Biochemistry, CPGS, Jain University, #18/3, 9th Cross, 3rd Block Jayanagar, Bangalore, 560011, India.
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- DBT-BIF Facility, Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Malleswaram, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Sudipta Kumar Mohanty
- Department of Biotechnology, Padmashree Institute of Management and Sciences, #149, Kommaghatta, Kengeri, Bangalore, 560060, India
| | - Mallappa Kumara Swamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Padmashree Institute of Management and Sciences, #149, Kommaghatta, Kengeri, Bangalore, 560060, India
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Darul Ehsan, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
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Middha SK, Usha T, Babu D, Misra AK, Lokesh P, Goyal AK. Evaluation of antioxidative, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of methanolic extract of Myrica nagi leaves - an animal model approach. Symbiosis 2016; 70:179-184. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1007/s13199-016-0422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Middha SK, Goyal AK, Bhardwaj A, Kamal R, Lokesh P, Prashanth HP, Wadhwa G, Usha T. In silico exploration of cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity of natural compounds found in Myrica nagi using LC-MS. Symbiosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-016-0417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Middha SK, Goyal AK, Lokesh P, Yardi V, Mojamdar L, Keni DS, Babu D, Usha T. Toxicological Evaluation of Emblica officinalis Fruit Extract and its Anti-inflammatory and Free Radical Scavenging Properties. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S427-33. [PMID: 26929577 PMCID: PMC4745213 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.168982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emblica officinalis (Euphorbiaceae), popularly known as Indian gooseberry or "Amla" in India, is used in Ayurveda as "rejuvenating herb" since ancient times. OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to estimate toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative activities of the methanolic extract of Emblica officinalis fruit (MEO) in an animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antioxidative property of MEO was assessed by in vitro assays such as phosphomolybdenum assay (total antioxidant capacity), free radical scavenging assays 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis and 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (DPPH and ABTS method) and lipid peroxidation assay (LPO). The anti-inflammatory property was evaluated by carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in rats by measuring rat paw volume at different time intervals and toxicological analysis using mice. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION High performance liquid chromatography studies revealed the presence of gallic acid (2.10%), mucic acid (4.90%), ellagic acid (2.10%), quercetin (28.00%), rutin (3.89%), and β-glucogallin (1.46%). MEO showed highest antioxidant activities by using DPPH (17.33-89.00%), ABTS (23.03-94.16%), nitric oxide scavenging activity (12.94-70.16%), LPO (56.54%), and phosphomolybdenum assay (142 ± 6.09 μg/ml). The LD50 was found to be approximately 1125 mg/kg (p.o). High dose of MEO showed significant reduction (72.71%) in the inflammation after 4 h of treatment, which was comparable to diclofenac (10 mg/kg) (61.57%) treated group. Significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α) markers were also observed (57.25% and 35.41%, respectively) in serum of MEO treated animals as compared to control. CONCLUSION Taken together, phenolic compounds of MEO may serve as a potential herbal drug for amelioration of acute inflammation due to their modulatory action on free radicals. SUMMARY The methanolic extract of Emblica officinalis fruit (MEO) has potent antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH, ABTS and LPO assaysMEO has potent anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan induced paw edema modelThe phenolic compounds of MEO might be a potential herbal drug for amelioration of acute inflammation. Abbreviations used: ROS, reactive oxygen species; RNS, reactive nitrogen species, LPO, lipid peroxidation, NO, nitric oxide, IL, interleukin; TNF α tumor necrosis factor alpha; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs; AA, ascorbic acid; MEO, methanolic extract of Emblica officinalis fruit; ABTS+; 2,2' azino bis 3 ethylbenzthiazoline 6 sulphonic acid; DPPH, 1,1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl; HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography; MDA, malondialdehyde; DMSO, dimethyl sulphoxide; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Malleswarm, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Bamboo Technology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, BTAD, Assam, India
| | - Prakash Lokesh
- Department of Biochemistry, CPGS, Jain College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Varsha Yardi
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Malleswarm, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Lavanya Mojamdar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Malleswarm, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepthi Sudhir Keni
- Department of Biotechnology, Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Dinesh Babu
- Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Malleswarm, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Usha T, Goyal AK, Lubna S, Prashanth H, Mohan TM, Pande V, Middha SK. Identification of anti-cancer targets of eco-friendly waste Punica granatum peel by dual reverse virtual screening and binding analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:10345-50. [PMID: 25556473 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.23.10345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Punica granatum (family: Lythraceae) is mainly found in Iran, which is considered to be its primary centre of origin. Studies on pomegranate peel have revealed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti- angiogenesis activities, with prevention of premature aging and reducing inflammation. In addition to this it is also useful in treating various diseases like diabetes, maintaining blood pressure and treatment of neoplasms such as prostate and breast cancer. OBJECTIVES In this study we identified anti-cancer targets of active compounds like corilagin (tannins), quercetin (flavonoids) and pseudopelletierine (alkaloids) present in pomegranate peel by employing dual reverse screening and binding analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The potent targets of the pomegranate peel were annotated by the PharmMapper and ReverseScreen 3D, then compared with targets identified from different Bioassay databases (NPACT and HIT's). Docking was then further employed using AutoDock pyrx and validated through discovery studio for studying molecular interactions. RESULTS A number of potent anti-cancerous targets were attained from the PharmMapper server according to their fit score and from ReverseScreen 3D server according to decreasing 3D scores. CONCLUSION The identified targets now need to be further validated through in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talambedu Usha
- DBT-BIF facility, Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College For Women, Bangalore, India E-mail :
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Usha T, Goyal AK, Lubna S, Prashanth H, Mohan TM, Pande V, Middha SK. Identification of Anti-Cancer Targets of Eco-Friendly Waste Punica granatum Peel by Dual Reverse Virtual Screening and Binding Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:10345-10350. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.23.10345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
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Mohanty SK, Swamy MK, Middha SK, Prakash L, Subbanarashiman B, Maniyam A. Analgesic, Anti- inflammatory, Anti- lipoxygenase Activity and Characterization of Three Bioactive Compounds in the Most Active Fraction of Leptadenia reticulata (Retz.)Wight & Arn. - A Valuable Medicinal Plant. Iran J Pharm Res 2015; 14:933-42. [PMID: 26330883 PMCID: PMC4518123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Leptadenia reticulata was reported to be used for several medicinal purposes. The present study was undertaken to evaluate anti-inflammatory, analgesic and lipid peroxidation inhibition activities of L. reticulata. The anti-inflammatory assay was performed by λ-carrageenan and formalin induced paw edema test. Pro inflammatory mediators (IL2, IL6, TNF-α) in serum of treated and control organism were analyzed by quantitative ELISA. Lipid peroxidation inhibition was measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. Analysis of the most active fraction revealed the presence of one phenolic compound (p-coumaric acid), two flavonoids (rutin and quercetin) which also determined quantitatively. The ethyl acetate fraction at 600 mg/Kg significantly inhibited λ-carrageenan and formalin induced paw edema by 60.59% and 59.24% respectively. Notable reduction in percentage of writhing (76.25%), induced by acetic acid signifies the potent analgesic activity. Lower level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α) in serum at the 4(th) hour of λ-Carrageenan injection indicated the inhibition of cyclooxigenase-2 (Cox-2), Nitric oxide (NO) and release of prostaglandin to prevent inflammation. The study also demonstrated the decrease in malonaldehyde (MDA) concentration which revealed the lipid peroxidation inhibition potential of the plant. Our finding provides evidence for potent biological activities in tested model which is supported by its characterized bioactive compounds and ethnomedicinal relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Kumar Mohanty
- Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjunanagar, Guntur, India.,Padmashree Institute of Management and Sciences, Kommagatta, Bangalore-560060, India.,Corresponding author:
| | - Mallappa Kumara Swamy
- Padmashree Institute of Management and Sciences, Kommagatta, Bangalore-560060, India.
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Malleswaram, Bangalore -560012, India.
| | - Lokesh Prakash
- Padmashree Institute of Management and Sciences, Kommagatta, Bangalore-560060, India.
| | | | - Anuradha Maniyam
- Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjunanagar, Guntur, India.,Padmashree Institute of Management and Sciences, Kommagatta, Bangalore-560060, India.
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Usha T, Middha SK, Bhattacharya M, Lokesh P, Goyal AK. Rosmarinic Acid, a New Polyphenol from Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. Leaf: A Probable Compound for Its Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2014; 3:830-42. [PMID: 26785243 PMCID: PMC4665505 DOI: 10.3390/antiox3040830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite several pharmacological applications of Baccaurea ramiflora Lour., studies on the influence of its polyphenol content on pharmacological activity such as anti-inflammatory properties have been scarce. Here we evaluated in vitro antioxidant activity, poyphenolics by HPLC and the anti-inflammatory potential of the methanolic leaf extract of Baccaurea ramiflora (BME) and its protective effects in carrageenan-induced paw edema model of inflammation in rats. The BME extract contained 79.06 ± 0.03 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g total polyphenols, 28.80 ± 0.01 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g flavonoid and 29.42 ± 0.01 μg cathechin equivalent/g proanthocyanidin respectively and rosmarinic acid (8 mg/kg) as a main component was identified by HPLC. Results demonstrate that administration of BME at the dose of 200 mg/kg can reduce paw edema by over 63%, and it exhibits a dose-response effect. Depending on concentration, the extract exerted scavenging activity on DPPH radical (IC50 36.4 μg/mL), significantly inhibited IL-1β (4.4 pg/mg protein) and TNF-α (0.21 ng/μg protein). Therefore, we conclude BME causes a substantial reduction of inflammation in in vivo models. We propose that rosmarinic acid and similar phenolic compounds may be useful in the therapy of inflammation-related injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bangalore-560012, India.
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bangalore-560012, India.
| | | | - Prakash Lokesh
- Padmashree Institute of Management and Science, Bangalore-560060, India.
| | - Arvind Kumar Goyal
- Bamboo Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, India.
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Usha T, Middha SK, Goyal AK, Karthik M, Manoj DA, Faizan S, Goyal P, Prashanth HP, Pande V. Molecular docking studies of anti-cancerous candidates in Hippophae rhamnoides and Hippophae salicifolia. J Biomed Res 2014; 28:406-15. [PMID: 25332713 PMCID: PMC4197392 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.28.20130110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinorhizal plants contain numerous antioxidants that may play a crucial role in preventing the formation of tumors. H-Ras p21, a member of the Ras-GTPase family, is a promising target to treat various kinds of cancers. An in silico docking study was carried out to identify the inhibitory potential of compounds of these plants against H-Ras by using Discovery Studio 3.5 and by using Autodock 4.2. Docking studies revealed that four compounds, isorhamnetin-7-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-glucoside-7-rhamnoside (present in H. rhamnoides), zeaxanthin, and translutein (present in H. salicifolia) significantly bind with binding energies -17.1534, -14.7936, -10.2105 and -17.2217 Kcal/mol, respectively, even though they slightly deviate from Lipinski's rule. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADME/tox) analyses of these compounds and their stereoisomers showed that they were less toxic and non-mutagenic. Amongst them, isorhamntein-7-rhamnoside showed hepatotoxicity. Hence, these compounds can be further investigated in vivo to optimize their formulation and concentration and to develop potential chemical entities for the prevention and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College For Women, Bangalore, India.
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India.
| | | | - Mahesh Karthik
- Department of Biotechnology, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karanataka, India.
| | - DA Manoj
- Department of Biotechnology, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karanataka, India.
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Biotechnology, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karanataka, India.
| | - Peyush Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, New Delhi, India.
| | - HP Prashanth
- Department of Biotechnology, Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bangalore, India.
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India.
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Middha SK, Usha T, Pande V. Pomegranate peel attenuates hyperglycemic effects of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. EXCLI J 2014; 13:223-4. [PMID: 26417256 PMCID: PMC4464388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Sushil Kumar Middha, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, Uttrakhand-263136, India, Phone: (+91)(01594)2248042, Fax: (+91)(01594)2248042, E-mail:
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College For Women, Malleswaram, Bangalore, India
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
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Middha SK, Usha T, Pande V. HPLC Evaluation of Phenolic Profile, Nutritive Content, and Antioxidant Capacity of Extracts Obtained from Punica granatum Fruit Peel. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2013; 2013:296236. [PMID: 23983682 PMCID: PMC3747345 DOI: 10.1155/2013/296236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study revealed polyphenolic content, nutritive content, antioxidant activity, and phenolic profile of methanol and aqueous extracts of Punica granatum peel extract. For this, extracts were screened for possible antioxidant activities by free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The total phenolics and flavonoid recovered by methanolic (MPE) and the water extract (AQPE) were ranged from 185 ± 12.45 to 298.00 ± 24.86 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalents)/gm and 23.05 ± 1.54 to 49.8 ± 2.14 quercetin (QE) mg/g, respectively. The EC50 of herbal extracts ranged from 100 µg/ml (0.38 quercetin equivalents), for AQPE, 168 µg/ml (0.80 quercetin equivalents), for MPE. The phenolic profile in the methanolic extracts was investigated by chromatographic (HPLC) method. About 5 different flavonoids, phenolic acids, and their derivatives including quercetin (1), rutin (2), gallic acid (3), ellagic acid (4), and punicalagin as a major ellagitannin (5) have been identified. Among both extracts, methanolic extract was the most effective. This report may be the first to show nutritive content and correlation analysis to suggest that phenols and flavonoids might contribute the high antioxidant activity of this fruit peel and establish it as a valuable natural antioxidant source applicable in the health food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263136, India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biotechnology & Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Malleswaram, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263136, India
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Middha SK, Usha T, Pande V. A Review on Antihyperglycemic and Antihepatoprotective Activity of Eco-Friendly Punica granatum Peel Waste. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013; 2013:656172. [PMID: 23878603 PMCID: PMC3708418 DOI: 10.1155/2013/656172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, pomegranate (Punica granatum) is entitled as a wonder fruit because of its voluminous pharmacological properties. In 1830, P. granatum fruit was first recognized in United States Pharmacopeia; the Philadelphia edition introduced the rind of the fruit, the New York edition the bark of the root and further 1890 edition the stem bark was introduced. There are significant efforts and progress made in establishing the pharmacological mechanisms of peel (pericarp or rind) and the individual constituents responsible for them. This review provides an insight on the phytochemical components that contribute too antihyperglycemic, hepatoprotective, antihyperlipidemic effect, and numerous other effects of wonderful, economic, and eco-friendly pomegranate peel extract (PP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263136, India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Department of Biotechnology & Biochemistry, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263136, India
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Pande V, Middha SK, Sharma NK, Lohani Y, Pandey M. Ectomychorrizal DB: a symbiotic association database. Bioinformation 2012; 8:104-6. [PMID: 22359444 PMCID: PMC3282265 DOI: 10.6026/97320630008104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal species, a “Symbiotic” relationship between tress and fungi in forest has a great ecological and
economic importance. Here is an attempt to describe database named “EctomycorrhizalDB”, addressing ECM diversity of Central
Himalaya (Kumaun region), with special emphasis on their characterization, physical properties and morphological features along
with specifications. This database would help the scientific community to draw a better understanding of the environmental factors
that affects species diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Pande
- DBT-BIF Facility, Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
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Middha SK, Usha T, Tripathi P, Marathe KY, Jain T, Bhatt B, Masurkar YP, Pande V. An In vitro studies on indigenous ayurvedic plants, having hypoglycemic activity. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bhattacharjee B, Talambedu U, Sadegh S, Goyal AK, Pande V, Nagaveni MB, Patil VM, Jayadev J, Middha SK. Computer aided screening of inhibitors to 5-α reductase type 2 for prostate cancer. Bioinformation 2011; 6:262-5. [PMID: 21738326 PMCID: PMC3124690 DOI: 10.6026/97320630006262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, drugs are discovered by testing compounds synthesized in time consuming multi-step processes against a battery of invivo biological screens. Promising compounds are then further studied in development, where their pharmacokinetic properties, metabolism and potential toxicity were investigated. Here, we present a study on herbal lead compounds and their potential binding affinity to the effectors molecules of major disease like Prostate Cancer. Clinical studies demonstrate a positive correlation between the extent of 5-α reductase type 2 (isoform 2) and malignant progression of precancerous lesions in prostate. Therefore, identification of effective, well-tolerated 5-α reductase inhibitors represents a rational chemo preventive strategy. This study has investigated the effects of naturally occurring nonprotein compounds berberine and monocaffeyltartaric acid that inhibits 5-α reductase type 2. Our results reveal that these compounds use less energy to bind to 5-α reductase and inhibit its activity. Their high ligand binding affinity to 5-α reductase introduces the prospect for their use in chemopreventive applications. In addition, they are freely available natural compounds that can be safely used to prevent prostate cancer.
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Middha SK, Bhattacharjee B, Saini D, Baliga MS, Nagaveni MB, Usha T. Protective role of Trigonella foenum graceum extract against oxidative stress in hyperglycemic rats. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2011; 15:427-435. [PMID: 21608438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES "In all things of nature there is something of the marvelous". In the present study the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-oxidative potential of aqueous extract of Trigonella foenum graceum (TFG), a traditional medicinal herb was assessed in liver and WBC of alloxan induced diabetic rats. Free radicals can cause oxidative damage, which is balanced by the antioxidants. This has been implicated in aging, and diseases such as diabetes and other chronic conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS TFG extract was administered orally [500 (LM) and 1000 mg/kg body weight (HM)] for six weeks. The effect of TFG on blood glucose were studied and the levels of lipid peroxidation [MDA (Malondialdehyde)] and antioxidant enzymes [SOD (Superoxide dismutase), GPx (Reduced Glutathione peroxidase)] were estimated and compared with standard drugs glibenclamide and insulin. RESULTS Treatment with TFG, insulin and glibenclamide resulted in significantly reduced blood glucose in LM (8.71%) and HM (3.87%) in comparison with normal controls. There was a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation in liver and white blood cells (WBC) in both low and high doses [liver LM (49%), HM (57.25%)], [WBC LM (54.28%), HM (62.5%)] and increase in antioxidant enzymes SOD [liver LM (33.59%), HM (58.7%)] [WBC LM (44.9%)] HM (58.7%) and GPx [Liver LM (58.55%), HM (40.20%)], [WBC LM (55.46%), HM (56.4%)] when compared to diabetic controls. DISCUSSION Potency of TFG in restoring several parameters to normal values is comparable to glibenclamide, though not as efficient as insulin, an indication of its antihyperglycemic and antioxidant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Middha
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Malleswarm, Bangalore, India.
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Goyal AK, Middha SK, Sen A. In vitro Antioxidative Profiling of Different Fractions of Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Nees leaf Extracts. Free Radicals and Antioxidants 2011; 1:42-48. [DOI: dx.doi.org/10.5530/ax.2011.2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Bhattacharjee B, M. Jayadeepa R, Talambedu U, Banerjee S, Joshi J, Princy Mole J, Samuel J, Kumar Middha S. Complex Network and Gene Ontology in Pharmacology Approaches:Mapping Natural Compounds on Potential Drug Target Colon Cancer Network. Curr Bioinform 2011. [DOI: 10.2174/157489311795222400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Goyal AK, Middha SK, Usha T, Chatterjee S, Bothra AK, Nagaveni MB, Sen A. Bamboo-infoline: A database for North Bengal Bamboo's. Bioinformation 2010; 5:184-5. [PMID: 21364784 PMCID: PMC3040481 DOI: 10.6026/97320630005184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bamboo, the “Green Gold”, included in the non-timber forest products has both ecological and economic importance. Here is an attempt to describe a
database named “Bambooinfoline” , which provides enumeration of the different species of bamboos found in North Bengal, with special emphasis on
taxonomy, edible properties, chemical constituents, morphological features along with tissue culture specifications, which in turn benefits of scientific
community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar Goyal
- NBU Bioinformatics Facility, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri- 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Middha
- Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College For Women (MLACW), DBT-BIF centre, Banglore-560012,Karnataka, India
| | - Talambedu Usha
- Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College For Women (MLACW), DBT-BIF centre, Banglore-560012,Karnataka, India
| | - Subhojyoti Chatterjee
- Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College For Women (MLACW), DBT-BIF centre, Banglore-560012,Karnataka, India
| | - Asim Kumar Bothra
- Bioinformatics Chemoinformatics laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Raiganj College, Raiganj (W.B), India
| | | | - Arnab Sen
- NBU Bioinformatics Facility, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri- 734013, West Bengal, India
- Arnab Sen
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Middha SK, Mittal Y, Ushal T, Kumar D, Srinivasan R, Vashisth L, Bhattacahrgae B, Nagaveni MB. Phyto-mellitus: a phyto-chemical database for diabetes. Bioinformation 2009; 4:78-9. [PMID: 20198174 PMCID: PMC2823386 DOI: 10.6026/97320630004078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbs are the base used for treatment in Ayurveda. We describe a database named Phyto-Mellitus with information on plants traditionally used
for diabetes with their chemical constituents. The active principles of these plants are antioxidant and free radical scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar Middha
- Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College For Women, DBT-BIF center, Malleswarm, Bangalore -560012, India.
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