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Abdelgawad MA, Bukhari SNA, Musa A, Elmowafy M, Elkomy MH, Nayl AA, El-Ghorab AH, Alsohaimi IH, Abdel-Bakky MS, Althobaiti IO, Altaleb HA, Omar HA, Abdelazeem AH, Zaki MA, Shaker ME, Elshemy HAH. New Sulfamethoxazole Derivatives as Selective Carbonic Anhydrase IX and XII Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity and Molecular Modeling. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091134. [PMID: 36145355 PMCID: PMC9501356 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study new sulphamethoxazole derivatives (S1-S4, S6-S12, and S14-S22) were designed and synthesized and their structures were fully characterized and validated using NMR, mass, and IR spectroscopy, as well as elemental analyses. All new derivatives (S1-S22) were assayed against human carbonic anhydrase (hCAs IX and XII) for their inhibitory activities. hCAs IX and XII were chosen due to the fact that CAIX expression is recognized as a hypoxia marker with a poor prognosis in breast cancer. When compared to Dorzolamide HCl as a standard reference, derivatives S2, S3, S8, S9, and S15 had the most effective inhibition with low IC50 values. The active compounds were further evaluated against hCAs I and II inhibitory activity and compounds S8, S9 and S15 showed the least inhibitory effect compared to the reference standard, acetazolamide, indicating that their effect in normal cells is the lowest. Cell viability tests for the selected compounds were carried out on MCF7 (normoxia and hypoxia) and on the normal breast cell line (MCF10a) with Staurosporine as a standard. The results showed that compound S15 had a highly potent cytotoxic effect. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis results showed that compound S15 triggered cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in G1/S of MCF7 cancer cells. Finally, molecular docking was performed to point out the possible explanation for the vital structural features and key-interactions exerted by our ligands with hCAs IX and XII that might share additional designs and highlight possible leads for a hopeful anticancer agent. Consequently, sulphamethoxazole Derivative S15 could be the potential lead for emerging selective cytotoxic compounds directing h CAs IX and XII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72431, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +96-65-9543-5214
| | - Syed N. A. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H. Elkomy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - AbdElAziz. A. Nayl
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H. El-Ghorab
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed Sadek Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim O. Althobaiti
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamud A. Altaleb
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany A. Omar
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed H. Abdelazeem
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 11681, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Zaki
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Shaker
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba A. H. Elshemy
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
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2
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Abdelgawad MA, Mohamed FEA, Lamie PF, Bukhari SNA, Al-Sanea MM, Musa A, Elmowafy M, Nayl AA, Karam Farag A, Ali SM, Shaker ME, Omar HA, Abdelhameid MK, Kandeel MM. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel pyrido-dipyrimidines as dual topoisomerase II/FLT3 inhibitors in leukemia cells. Bioorg Chem 2022; 122:105752. [PMID: 35339926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Dual inhibition of topoisomerase (topo) II and FLT3 kinase, as in the case of C-1311, was shown to overcome the shortcomings of using topo II inhibitors solely. In the present study, we designed and synthesized two series of pyrido-dipyrimidine- and pseudo-pyrido-acridone-containing compounds. The two series were evaluated against topo II and FLT3 as well as the HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cell line in vitro. Compounds 6, 7, and 20 showed higher potency against topo II than the standard amsacrine (AMSA), whereas compounds 19 and 20 were stronger FLT3 inhibitors than the standard DACA. Compounds 19 and 20 showed to be dual inhibitors of both enzymes. Compounds 6, 7, 19, and 20 were more potent inhibitors of the HL-60 cell line than the standard AMSA. The results of the in vitro DNA flow cytometry analysis assay and Annexin V-FITC apoptosis analysis showed that 19 and 20 induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, significantly higher total percentage of apoptosis, and late-stage apoptosis in HL-60 cell lines than AMSA. Furthermore, 19 and 20 upregulated several apoptosis biomarkers such as p53, TNFα, caspase 3/7 and increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. These results showed that 19 and 20 deserve further evaluation of their antiproliferative activities, particularly in leukemia. Molecular docking studies were performed for selected compounds against topo II and FLT3 enzymes to investigate their binding patterns. Compound 19 exerted dual fitting inside the active site of both enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fatma E A Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Phoebe F Lamie
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Syed N A Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341 Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Nayl
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Karam Farag
- Manufacturing Department, Curachem Inc., Chungcheongbuk-do 28161, Republic of Korea
| | - Sameeha M Ali
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Shaker
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany A Omar
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed K Abdelhameid
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Manal M Kandeel
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Abdelgawad MA, Musa A, Almalki AH, Alzarea SI, Mostafa EM, Hegazy MM, Mostafa-Hedeab G, Ghoneim MM, Parambi DGT, Bakr RB, Al-Muaikel NS, Alanazi AS, Alharbi M, Ahmad W, Bukhari SNA, Al-Sanea MM. Novel Phenolic Compounds as Potential Dual EGFR and COX-2 Inhibitors: Design, Semisynthesis, in vitro Biological Evaluation and in silico Insights. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:2325-2337. [PMID: 34103896 PMCID: PMC8178614 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s310820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition is an imperative therapeutic approach targeting various types of cancer including colorectal, lung, breast, and pancreatic cancer types. Moreover, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is frequently overexpressed in different types of cancers and has a role in the promotion of malignancy, apoptosis inhibition, and metastasis of tumor cells. Combination therapy has been emerged to improve the therapeutic benefit against cancer and curb intrinsic and acquired resistance. Methods Three semi-synthetic series of compounds (C1-4, P1-4, and G1-4) were prepared and evaluated biologically as potential dual epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and COX-2 inhibitors. The main phenolic constituents of Amaranthus spinosus L. (p-coumaric, caffeic and gallic) acids have been isolated and subsequently subjected to diazo coupling with various amines to get novel three chemical scaffolds with potential anticancer activities. Results Compounds C4 and G4 showed superior inhibitory activity against EGFR (IC50: 0.9 and 0.5 µM, respectively) and displayed good COX-2 inhibition (IC50: 4.35 and 2.47 µM, respectively). Moreover, the final compounds were further evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer (HT-29), pancreatic cancer (PaCa-2), human malignant melanoma (A375), lung cancer (H-460), and pancreatic ductal cancer (Panc-1) cell lines. Interestingly, compounds C4 and G4 exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity with average IC50 values of 1.5 µM and 2.8 µM against H-460 and Panc-1, respectively. The virtual docking study was conducted to gain proper understandings of the plausible-binding modes of target compounds within EGFR and COX-2 binding sites. Discussion The NMR of prepared compounds showed characteristic peaks that confirmed the structure of the target compounds. The synthesized benzoxazolyl scaffold containing compounds showed inhibitory activities for both COXs and EGFR which are consistent with the virtual docking study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atiah H Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.,Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa M Hegazy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11371, Egypt
| | - Gomaa Mostafa-Hedeab
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11371, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Della G T Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania B Bakr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nayef S Al-Muaikel
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia.,Health Sciences Research Unit, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syed N A Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
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Bukhari SNA, Alotaibi NH, Ahmad W, Alharbi KS, Abdelgawad MA, Al-Sanea MM, Ahmad MM, Amjad MW, Raja MAG, Hussain MA. Evaluation of Ligustrazine-Based Synthetic Compounds for their Antiproliferative Effects. Med Chem 2020; 17:956-962. [PMID: 32888274 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666200905125038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ligustrazine and chalcones have been reported previously for various biological activities including anticancer effects. OBJECTIVES Based on the multitargeted biological activities approach of ligustrazine-based chalcones, in the current study 18 synthetic ligustrazine-containing α, β-unsaturated carbonyl-based 1, 3- Diphenyl-2-propen-1-one derivatives were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the growth of five different types of cancer cells. METHODS All the compounds were evaluated for anticancer effects on various cancer cell lines by propidium iodide fluorescence assay and various other assays were performed for mechanistic studies. RESULTS A majority of compounds exhibited strong inhibition of cancer cells, especially synthetic compounds 4a and 4b, bearing 1-Pyridin-3-yl-ethanone as a ketone moiety in the main structural backbone were found to be most powerful inhibitors of cancer cell growth. Nine most active compounds among the whole series were selected for further studies related to different cancer targets, including EGFR TK kinases, tubulin polymerization, KAF and BRAFV600E. CONCLUSION Synthetic derivatives, including 4a-b and 5a-b showed a multitarget approach and strong inhibitory effects on EGFR, FAK and BRAF while three compounds, including 3e bearing methoxy substitution, 4a and 4b with 1-pyridin-3-yl-ethanone moiety showed the inhibition of tubulin polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed N A Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser H Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Khalid S Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad M Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad W Amjad
- College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria A G Raja
- College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad A Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
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5
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Saeedi M, Safavi M, Allahabadi E, Rastegari A, Hariri R, Jafari S, Bukhari SNA, Mirfazli SS, Firuzi O, Edraki N, Mahdavi M, Akbarzadeh T. Thieno[2,3-b]pyridine amines: Synthesis and evaluation of tacrine analogs against biological activities related to Alzheimer's disease. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000101. [PMID: 32657467 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In search of safer tacrine analogs, various thieno[2,3-b]pyridine amine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against cholinesterases (ChEs). Among the synthesized compounds, compounds 5e and 5d showed the highest activity towards acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, with IC50 values of 1.55 and 0.23 µM, respectively. The most active ChE inhibitors (5e and 5d) were also candidates for further complementary assays, such as kinetic and molecular docking studies as well as studies on inhibitory activity towards amyloid-beta (βA) aggregation and β-secretase 1, neuroprotectivity, and cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells. Our results indicated efficient anti-Alzheimer's activity of the synthesized compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Safavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Emad Allahabadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rastegari
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Hariri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Jafari
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Syed N A Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Aljouf University, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seyedeh S Mirfazli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omidreza Firuzi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Alkhaldi AAM, De Koning HP, Bukhari SNA. Effects of some natural leads on Trypanosoma and Leishmania strains. Trop Biomed 2019; 36:373-378. [PMID: 33597398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Well-known medical herbal compounds including apigenin, daidzein, phyllanthin and tyramine were assessed against Trypanosoma and Leishmania protozoans. Two strains of the bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei: s427-WT and TbAT1-B48, and Leishmania major and Leishmania mexicana promastigotes were utilised. Among selected natural compounds, apigenin and daidzein displayed moderate activity against African trypanosomes with EC50 16 µM for wild-type sensitive control strain. Tyramine was not found to be very active for trypanosomes strains while all compounds were found to have trivial activity for the inhibition of Leishmania mexicana strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A M Alkhaldi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - H P De Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - S N A Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 2014, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Ravindar L, Bukhari SNA, Rakesh KP, Manukumar HM, Vivek HK, Mallesha N, Xie ZZ, Qin HL. Aryl fluorosulfate analogues as potent antimicrobial agents: SAR, cytotoxicity and docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2018; 81:107-118. [PMID: 30118982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of aryl fluorosulfate analogues (1-37) were synthesized and tested for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal studies, and validated by docking studies. The compounds 9, 12, 14, 19, 25, 26, 35, 36 and 37 exhibited superior antibacterial potency against tested bacterial strains, while compounds 2, 4, 5, 15, 35, 36 and 37 were found to have better antifungal activity against tested fungal strains, compared to standard antibiotic gentamicin and ketoconazole respectively. Among all the synthesized 37 analogs, compounds 25, 26, 35, 36 and 37 displayed excellent anti-biofilm property against Staphylococcus aureus. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) revealed that the antimicrobial activity depends upon the presence of -OSO2F group and slender effect of different substituent's on the phenyl rings. The electron donating (OCH3) groups in analogs increase the antibacterial activity, and interestingly the electron withdrawing (Cl, NO2, F and Br) groups increase the antifungal activity (except compound 35, 36 and 37). The mechanism of potent compounds showed membrane damage on bacteria confirmed by SEM. Compounds 35, 36 and 37 exhibited highest glide g-scores in molecular docking studies and validated the biocidal property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekkala Ravindar
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - S N A Bukhari
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - K P Rakesh
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - H M Manukumar
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - H K Vivek
- Analytical Research and Development, Syngene International Ltd, Biocon Park, Bommasandra Industrial Estate, Bangaluru 560099, Karnataka, India
| | - N Mallesha
- SRI RAM CHEM, R & D Centre, Plot No. 31, JCK Industrial Park, Belagola Industrial Area, Mysore 570016, Karnataka, India
| | - Zhi-Zhong Xie
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Hua-Li Qin
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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8
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Arshad L, Jantan I, Bukhari SNA, Fauzi MB. 3,5-Bis[4-(diethoxymethyl)benzylidene]-1-methyl-piperidin-4-one, a Novel Curcumin Analogue, Inhibits Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses in Male Balb/c Mice. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2018; 19:468-482. [PMID: 29968535 DOI: 10.2174/1389201019666180703092723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3,5-Bis[4-(diethoxymethyl)benzylidene]-1-methyl-piperidin-4-one (BBP), a novel synthetic curcumin analogue has previously been shown to manifest potent immunosuppressive effects on the in vitro phagocytosis process of human neutrophils. OBJECTIVE In the present study, BBP was investigated for it's in vivo innate and adaptive immune responses mediated by different humoral and cellular immune factors. METHODS Male Balb/c mice were orally fed with BBP (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) for a period of 14 days and immunized with sheep red blood cells (sRBC) on day 0 for the determination of adaptive responses. The effects of BBP on phagocytosis process of neutrophils isolated from blood of treated/untreated animals were determined. The ceruloplasmin and lysozyme serum levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) plasma level were also monitored. The mechanism was further explored by assessing its effects on the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes subsets CD4+ and CD8+ and on the secretion of Th1/Th2 cytokines as well as serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM) and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction. RESULTS BBP showed a significant dose-dependent reduction on the migration of neutrophils, Mac-1 expression, phagocytic activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In comparison to the sensitized control group, a dose-dependent inhibition was observed on lymphocyte proliferation along with the downregulation of effector cells expression and release of cytokines. Moreover, a statistically significant decrease was perceived in serum levels of ceruloplasmin, lysozyme and immunoglobulins and MPO plasma level of BBP-treated mice. BBP also dose-dependently inhibited sheep red blood cells (sRBC)-induced swelling rate of mice paw in DTH. CONCLUSION These findings suggest the potential of BBP as a potent immunosuppressive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiba Arshad
- Drug and Herbal Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Drug and Herbal Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,School of Pharmacy, Taylor's University, Lakeside campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syed N A Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Tissue Engineering Centre, 12th Floor Clinical Block, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hussain MA, Ashraf MU, Muhammad G, Tahir MN, Bukhari SNA. Calixarene: A Versatile Material for Drug Design and Applications. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 23:2377-2388. [PMID: 27779081 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666160928143328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The therapy of various diseases by the drugs entrapped in calixarene derivatives is gaining attraction of researchers nowadays. Calixarenes are macrocyclic nano-baskets which belong to cavitands class of host-guest chemistry. They are the marvelous hosts with distinct hydrophobic three dimensional cavities to entrap and encapsulate biologically active guest drugs. Calixarene and its derivatives develop inclusion complexes with various types of drugs and vitamins for their sustained/targeted release. Calixarene and its derivatives are used as carriers for anti-cancer, anti-convulsant, anti-hypertensive, anthelmentic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antipsychotic drugs. They are the important biocompatible receptors to improve solubility, chemical reactivity and decrease cytotoxicity of poorly soluble drugs in supramolecular chemistry. This review focuses on the calixarene and its derivatives as the state-of-the-art in host-guest interactions for important drugs. We have also critically evaluated calixarenes for the development of prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100. Pakistan
| | - Muhammad U Ashraf
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100,. Pakistan
| | - Gulzar Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100. 0
| | - Muhammad N Tahir
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Guttenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz. Germany
| | - Syed N A Bukhari
- Drug and Herbal Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 50300. Malaysia
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Ashraf MU, Muhammad G, Hussain MA, Bukhari SNA. Cydonia oblonga M., A Medicinal Plant Rich in Phytonutrients for Pharmaceuticals. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:163. [PMID: 27445806 PMCID: PMC4914572 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cydonia oblonga M. is a medicinal plant of family Rosaceae which is used to prevent or treat several ailments such as cancer, diabetes, hepatitis, ulcer, respiratory, and urinary infections, etc. Cydonia oblonga commonly known as Quince is rich in useful secondary metabolites such as phenolics, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, sugars, organic acids, and glycosides. A wide range of pharmacological activities like antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular, antidepressant, antidiarrheal, hypolipidemic, diuretic, and hypoglycemic have been ascribed to various parts of C. oblonga. The polysaccharide mucilage, glucuronoxylan extruded from seeds of C. oblonga is used in dermal patches to heal wounds. This review focuses on detailed investigations of high-valued phytochemicals as well as pharmacological and phytomedicinal attributes of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gulzar Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, University of SargodhaSargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed N. A. Bukhari
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ahmad W, Jantan I, Bukhari SNA. Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson: A Review of Its Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Aspects. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:59. [PMID: 27047378 PMCID: PMC4800188 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson (Menispermaceae), found in the rainforests or mixed deciduous forests in Asia and Africa, is used in traditional medicines to treat numerous health conditions. This review summarizes the up-to-date reports about the ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicology, and clinical trials of the plant. It also provides critical assessment about the present knowledge of the plant which could contribute toward improving its prospect as a source of lead molecules for drug discovery. The plant has been used traditionally in the treatment of jaundice, rheumatism, urinary disorders, fever, malaria, diabetes, internal inflammation, fracture, scabies, hypertension, reducing thirst, increasing appetite, cooling down the body temperature, and maintaining good health. Phytochemical analyses of T. crispa revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and flavone glycosides, triterpenes, diterpenes and diterpene glycosides, cis clerodane-type furanoditerpenoids, lactones, sterols, lignans, and nucleosides. Studies showed that the crude extracts and isolated compounds of T. crispa possessed a broad range of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, cytotoxic, antimalarial, cardioprotective, and anti-diabetic activities. Most pharmacological studies were based on crude extracts of the plant and the bioactive compounds responsible for the bioactivities have not been well identified. Further investigations are required to transform the experience-based claims on the use of T. crispa in traditional medicine practices into evidence-based information. The plant extract used in pharmacological and biological studies should be qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed based on its biomarkers. There should be detail in vitro and in vivo studies on the mechanisms of action of the pure bioactive compounds and more elaborate toxicity study to ensure safety of the plant for human use. More clinical trials are encouraged to be carried out if there are sufficient preclinical and safety data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ahmad
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syed N A Bukhari
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ahmad W, Kumolosasi E, Jantan I, Bukhari SNA, Jasamai M. Effects of Novel Diarylpentanoid Analogues of Curcumin on Secretory Phospholipase A2, Cyclooxygenases, Lipo-oxygenase, and Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 83:670-81. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ahmad
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Endang Kumolosasi
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Syed N. A. Bukhari
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Malina Jasamai
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Bukhari SNA, Butt AM, Amjad MWB, Ahmad W, Shah VH, Trivedi AR. Synthesis and evaluation of chalcone analogues based pyrimidines as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. Pak J Biol Sci 2013; 16:1368-1372. [PMID: 24511749 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2013.1368.1372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a widespread and frequently progressive ailment that imparts a foremost threat for cardiovascular and renal disorders. Mammoth efforts are needed for the synthesis of innovative antihypertensive agents to combat this lethal disease. Chalcones have shown antihypertensive activity through inhibition of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE). Hence, a series of chalcone analogues is synthesized and used as precursor for the synthesis of novel series of pyrimidines. Precursor chalcones were prepared by reacting aldehydes and ketones in presence of sodium hydroxide followed by synthesis of corresponding pyrimidines by reaction with urea in presence of potassium hydroxide. Both groups were then evaluated for their effects on ACE. The results depicted that pyrimidines were more active than chalcones with methoxy (C5 and P5) substitution showing best results to inhibit ACE. Given that chalcone analogues and pyrimidines show a potential as the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A M Butt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,50300, Malaysia
| | - M W B Amjad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,50300, Malaysia
| | - W Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,50300, Malaysia
| | - V H Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot- 360 005, Gujarat, India
| | - A R Trivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot- 360 005, Gujarat, India
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Bukhari SNA, Tajuddin Y, Benedict VJ, Lam KW, Jantan I, Jalil J, Jasamai M. Synthesis and Evaluation of Chalcone Derivatives as Inhibitors of Neutrophils' Chemotaxis, Phagocytosis and Production of Reactive Oxygen Species. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 83:198-206. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Syed N. A. Bukhari
- Drugs and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abd. Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Yasmin Tajuddin
- Drugs and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abd. Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Vannessa J. Benedict
- Drugs and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abd. Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Kok W. Lam
- Drugs and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abd. Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Drugs and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abd. Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Drugs and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abd. Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Malina Jasamai
- Drugs and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Jalan Raja Muda Abd. Aziz 50300 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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