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Bianco G, Boattini M, van Asten SAV, Iannaccone M, Zanotto E, Zaccaria T, Bernards AT, Cavallo R, Costa C. RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V. and NG-Test Carba 5 assays for the rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales from positive blood cultures: a comparative study. J Hosp Infect 2020; 105:162-166. [PMID: 32304724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We prospectively compared the performance of RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V. and NG-Test Carba 5 assays directly from blood cultures spiked with 130 characterized Enterobacterales isolates. Overall, both assays yielded 100% sensitivity to detect KPC-type carbapenemases and OXA-48-like carbapenemases. Both assays failed to detect KPC-31 and KPC-33, D179Y point mutation variants of KPC-3 and KPC-2, that are deprived of carbapenemase activity and confer resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam. On blood culture bacterial pellets, NDM- and VIM-type carbapenemases were detected in 50.0% and 52.2%, respectively, by RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V. vs 100% by NG-Test Carba 5. The sensitivity of RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V. improved to 100% and 95.6%, respectively, by performing the assay on 4-h early subculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bianco
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - M Boattini
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - S A V van Asten
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M Iannaccone
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - E Zanotto
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - T Zaccaria
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - A T Bernards
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R Cavallo
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - C Costa
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
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Rubiola S, Civera T, Ferroglio E, Zanet S, Zaccaria T, Brossa S, Cipriani R, Chiesa F. Molecular differentiation of cattle Sarcocystis spp. by multiplex PCR targeting 18S and COI genes following identification of Sarcocystis hominis in human stool samples. Food Waterborne Parasitol 2020; 18:e00074. [PMID: 32154396 PMCID: PMC7058708 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2020.e00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcocystis spp. are protozoan parasites which can infect a wide range of vertebrates, including humans; the latter can act as definitive hosts for two cattle Sarcocystis spp.: Sarcocystis hominis and Sarcocystis heydorni. Reports of intestinal sarcocystosis are well documented in the literature, but PCR-based methods have been scarcely used to identify Sarcocystis species in human stools, and have been limited to the molecular analysis of 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) gene sequences. Since the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene is one of the most promising tools for distinguishing between closely related Sarcocystis spp., and taking into account the lack of publicly available S. hominis COI sequences, in the present study we obtained the first partial COI sequence of S. hominis from human stool samples of patient with gastrointestinal symptoms. We designed specific COI primers to develop a multiplex PCR method for the identification of Sarcocystis spp. in cattle. The submission of the COI sequence described herein and the unambiguous identification of S. hominis through the application of the new multiplex PCR is important for determining the prevalence of this zoonotic Sarcocystis spp. in meat and the risk for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Rubiola
- University of Turin, Department of Veterinary Science, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
- Corresponding author.
| | - T. Civera
- University of Turin, Department of Veterinary Science, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - E. Ferroglio
- University of Turin, Department of Veterinary Science, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - S. Zanet
- University of Turin, Department of Veterinary Science, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - T. Zaccaria
- S.C. Microbiologia e Virologia U - AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Molinette, Italy
| | - S. Brossa
- S.C. Microbiologia e Virologia U - AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Molinette, Italy
| | - R. Cipriani
- S.C. Microbiologia e Virologia U - AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Molinette, Italy
| | - F. Chiesa
- University of Turin, Department of Veterinary Science, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
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Gallina S, Bianchi DM, Bellio A, Nogarol C, Macori G, Zaccaria T, Biorci F, Carraro E, Decastelli L. Staphylococcal poisoning foodborne outbreak: epidemiological investigation and strain genotyping. J Food Prot 2013; 76:2093-8. [PMID: 24290688 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In June 2011, an outbreak of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin food poisoning gastroenteritis occurred in Turin, Italy, following a catered dinner party at a private home. Within a few hours, 26 of the 47 guests experienced gastrointestinal illness, and 9 were hospitalized. A retrospective cohort study using a standardized questionnaire was carried out, and the risk ratios for each food item were calculated. The analysis indicated consumption of seafood salad as the most probable cause of the outbreak (risk ratio = 11.72; 95 % confidence interval, 1.75 to 78.54). Biological samples were collected from four of the hospitalized guests (stool and vomit), nasal mucosa swabs from three food handlers employed with the caterer, and available food residuals. All stool and vomit samples tested positive for enterotoxigenic S. aureus. As residues of the seafood salad were no longer available for sampling, suspected contamination could not be verified. However, no other food was found contaminated by S. aureus or its enterotoxins. All isolates from the biological samples were characterized at the genomic level by means of two multiplex PCR protocols to determine the presence of genes encoding staphylococcal enterotoxins, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and staphylococcal protein A gene (spa) typing to describe their genetic profiles. All the isolates presented genes encoding SEA and SEI; the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis genetic profiles revealed the same pulsotype in the microorganism isolated from the hospitalized guests as in one of the isolates from a food handler's nasal mucosa, and the spa typing analysis reported two closely related spa types (t701 and t267), implicating the food handler as the most likely outbreak source.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gallina
- National Reference Laboratory Stafilococchi coagulasi positivi compreso S. aureus-Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna, 148-10154 Torino, Italy
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Franzin L, Stella M, Zaccaria T, Cabodi D, Pastoris MC. One-year surveillance of legionellosis in burned patients and Legionella environmental monitoring. Burns 2005; 31:50-4. [PMID: 15639365 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2004.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Burned patients have a theoretically high risk of Legionella infection because burns produce a compromised immune system. Cutaneous surfaces are without protective barriers, and bathing tank water is frequently used for washing and caring. A one-year surveillance study was performed on 65 burned patients by antibody determination and by culture of bronchial aspirates. Environmental culturing for Legionella was done in the patients' care areas every four months during the same period. Low titers ranging from 8 to 32 were found in 30 (46.1%) subjects against 18 antigens including several Legionella species. No increase in antibody titers was shown in 193 patients' sera. Cultures of respiratory samples were negative. L. pneumophila serogroups 4, 5, 6 and 8 and L. rubrilucens were isolated from 55.5% of water samples. Despite no evidence of Legionella infection among patients included in this study, the authors believe it to be advisable to improve control measures in hospital water supplies, used by burned patients, to minimise the risk of legionellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Franzin
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Turin, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Turin, Italy.
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Zaccaria T, Enrietto M, Pittaluga F, Ghisetti V, Marchiaro G. REAL-TIME PCR PER IL VIRAL LOAD DI CITOMEGALOVIRUS NEL TRAPIANTO D’ORGANO: CONFRONTO CON ANTIGENEMIA E PCR END-POINT. Microbiol Med 2004. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2004.3765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Zaccaria T, Franchi I, Zamboni F, Marzano A, Barbui A, Franchello A, Carenzi S, Ghisetti V, Marchiaro G. EPATITE B OCCULTA IN SOGGETTI HBSAG NEGATIVI SOTTOPOSTI A TRAPIANTO DI FEGATO PER CIRROSI SCOMPENSATA. Microbiol Med 2003. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2003.4388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Franchi I, Zaccaria T, Barbui A, Varetto S, Giliberto G, Ghisetti V, Marchiaro G. LA QUANTIZZAZIONE DEL DNA DI HCMV MEDIANTE PCR COME INDICATORE DI PROGRESSIONE DELL’INFEZIONE NEL TRAPIANTO DI ORGANO SOLIDO. Microbiol Med 2003. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2003.4366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Del Sindaco D, Pulignano G, Maggioni A, Greco C, Iannucci A, Alabisio M, Pasotti R, Zaccaria T, Zampieri E, Opasich C. Functional, cognitive and socio-environmental determinants of hospital admission in elderly outpatients with heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-9842(00)80359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - C. Greco
- On Behalf INCHF-Nursing Investigators; Rome Italy
| | - A. Iannucci
- On Behalf INCHF-Nursing Investigators; Rome Italy
| | - M. Alabisio
- On Behalf INCHF-Nursing Investigators; Rome Italy
| | - R. Pasotti
- On Behalf INCHF-Nursing Investigators; Rome Italy
| | - T. Zaccaria
- On Behalf INCHF-Nursing Investigators; Rome Italy
| | - E. Zampieri
- On Behalf INCHF-Nursing Investigators; Rome Italy
| | - C. Opasich
- On Behalf INCHF-Nursing Investigators; Rome Italy
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Sategna-Guidetti C, Grosso SB, Grosso S, Mengozzi G, Aimo G, Zaccaria T, Di Stefano M, Isaia GC. The effects of 1-year gluten withdrawal on bone mass, bone metabolism and nutritional status in newly-diagnosed adult coeliac disease patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14:35-43. [PMID: 10632643 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00671.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of a 1-year gluten-free diet on bone metabolism and nutritional status in coeliac disease. METHODS Bone mineral density, serum indices of bone remodelling, clinical and biochemical nutritional assessment were evaluated in 86 consecutive newly-diagnosed, biopsy proven, coeliac disease patients (untreated). A complete reevaluation, including intestinal biopsy, was repeated within 1 year of dietary treatment (treated). RESULTS Untreated: according to WHO criteria, 34% of patients had a normal bone mineral density, 40% had osteopenia and 26% osteoporosis. Between males and females there were no statistical differences in bone metabolism or in most of the nutritional indices, while, between fertile and postmenopausal women, bone mineral density and several bone metabolism markers were significantly different. Compared to subjects with a normal bone mineral density, osteopenics had higher bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and Bone-Gla-protein (BGP) values. In patients with a concomitant BAP increase and 25OH vitamin D serum level reduction, bone mineral density and several bone turnover markers were statistically different compared to patients without such a serological pattern. Treated: notwithstanding intestinal biopsy which showed a mucosal recovery in only 57%, gluten-free diet led, even in postmenopausal women, to a significant improvement in bone mineral density, bone metabolism and nutrition, except for folic acid, albumin and pre-albumin serum levels which persisted as abnormal in patients with obdurate mucosal impairment. CONCLUSIONS Coeliac disease patients are at high risk for developing a low bone mineral density and bone turnover impairment. A gluten-free diet can improve this situation even in postmenopausal women and in patients with incomplete mucosal recovery.
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Sureau P, Rollin P, Portnoï D, de Lalun E, Servigne J, Lavault R, Grosset-Grange R, Mattei J, Coudrier D, Gillet J, Zaccaria T. Les vaccinations antirabiques en France en 1982. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0769-2617(83)80032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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