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Karádi-Kovács K, Szivák I, Bozóki T, Kovács K, Móra A, Padisák J, Selmeczy GB, Schmera D, Boda P. Long-term recovery dynamics determined by the degree of the disturbance - Ten years tracking of aquatic macroinvertebrate recolonisation after an industrial disaster (Red Sludge Disaster, Hungary). Sci Total Environ 2024; 921:171071. [PMID: 38378064 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
A ten-year-long examination of macroinvertebrate community recovery was conducted following a catastrophic spill of highly alkaline red sludge (pH >13) into lowland streams. Our primary objective was to compare recovery patterns after coarse- and fine-grain disturbances, focusing on two aspects: i) trend analysis to reveal long-term changes of six community parameters, and ii) variation analyses to assess parameter changes over time. We conducted statistical analysis on long-term data series of macroinvertebrates obtained from quantitative samples collected at four sections with varying degrees of disturbance along the impacted stream sections. We developed a comprehensive theoretical framework comprising a series of sequential phases: Ramp-up, Overshoot, and Oscillation Phases. i) A trend analysis revealed that disturbances show a gradual recovery pattern, while variance analyses showed an asymptotic convergence to an equilibrium. ii) Evaluating these trends across phases unveiled that the initial recovery phase exhibited a steep trajectory, lasting 4-9 months, irrespective of disturbance severity. Coarse-grain disturbances induced a remarkable Overshoot phenomenon across all community metrics. The more severe the disturbance, the greater the height and duration of the Overshoot. Our results suggest that the presence or absence of Overshoot can serve as an indicator for coarse-grain disturbances in the context of large and infrequent disturbances (LID). The entire recovery process lasts for 2.5-3 years irrespective of the severity of the LID. In conclusion, a minimum survey duration of two and half years is deemed imperative to capture the phases of recovery, and changes associated with LID are not expected to extend beyond the three-year threshold. The theoretical framework, including Overshoot parameters, may assist future studies in comparing recovery patterns of different LID types. Furthermore, our theoretical framework is likely to be applicable to other groups of organisms given a sufficiently long monitoring of recovery, influenced also by the length of reproductive cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kata Karádi-Kovács
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary.
| | - Ildikó Szivák
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bozóki
- HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Bem tér 18/c, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Kovács
- Laboratory for Environmental Protection, Government Office of Győr-Moson-Sopron County, Tatai út 3, H-9028 Győr, Hungary
| | - Arnold Móra
- University of Pécs, Department of Hydrobiology, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Judit Padisák
- University of Pannonia, Center for Natural Science, Research Group of Limnology, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary; HUN-REN-PE Limnoecology Research Group, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Géza Balázs Selmeczy
- University of Pannonia, Center for Natural Science, Research Group of Limnology, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary; HUN-REN-PE Limnoecology Research Group, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Dénes Schmera
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary; HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, National Laboratory for Water Science and Security, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Pál Boda
- HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Bem tér 18/c, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
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Boda P, Bozóki T, Vásárhelyi T, Bakonyi G, Várbíró G. Revised and annotated checklist of aquatic and semi-aquatic Heteroptera of Hungary with comments on biodiversity patterns. Zookeys 2015:89-108. [PMID: 25987880 PMCID: PMC4432320 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.501.8964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A basic knowledge of regional faunas is necessary to follow the changes in macroinvertebrate communities caused by environmental influences and climatic trends in the future. We collected all the available data on water bugs in Hungary using an inventory method, a UTM grid based database was built, and Jackknife richness estimates and species accumulation curves were calculated. Fauna compositions were compared among Central-European states. As a result, an updated and annotated checklist for Hungary is provided, containing 58 species in 21 genera and 12 families. A total 66.8% of the total UTM 10 × 10 km squares in Hungary possess faunistic data for water bugs. The species number in grid cells numbered from 0 to 42, and their diversity patterns showed heterogeneity. The estimated species number of 58 is equal to the actual number of species known from the country. The asymptotic shape of the accumulative species curve predicts that additional sampling efforts will not increase the number of species currently known from Hungary. These results suggest that the number of species in the country was estimated correctly and that the species accumulation curve levels off at an asymptotic value. Thus a considerable increase in species richness is not expected in the future. Even with the species composition changing the chance of species turn-over does exist. Overall, 36.7% of the European water bug species were found in Hungary. The differences in faunal composition between Hungary and its surrounding countries were caused by the rare or unique species, whereas 33 species are common in the faunas of the eight countries. Species richness does show a correlation with latitude, and similar species compositions were observed in the countries along the same latitude. The species list and the UTM-based database are now up-to-date for Hungary, and it will provide a basis for future studies of distributional and biodiversity patterns, biogeography, relative abundance and frequency of occurrences important in community ecology, or the determination of conservation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pál Boda
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Department of Tisza River Research, Bem tér 18/c., H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bozóki
- Eszterházy Károly College, Eszterházy tér 1., H-3300, Eger, Hungary
| | - Tamás Vásárhelyi
- Hungarian Natural History Museum, Baross u. 13., H-1088, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bakonyi
- Szent István University, Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Gábor Várbíró
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Department of Tisza River Research, Bem tér 18/c., H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
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