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Biran A, Santos TCB, Dingjan T, Futerman AH. The Sphinx and the egg: Evolutionary enigmas of the (glyco)sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159462. [PMID: 38307322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, the de novo synthesis of sphingolipids (SLs) consists of multiple sequential steps which are compartmentalized between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. Studies over many decades have identified the enzymes in the pathway, their localization, topology and an array of regulatory mechanisms. However, little is known about the evolutionary forces that underly the generation of this complex pathway or of its anteome, i.e., the metabolic pathways that converge on the SL biosynthetic pathway and are essential for its activity. After briefly describing the pathway, we discuss the mechanisms by which the enzymes of the SL biosynthetic pathway are targeted to their different subcellular locations, how the pathway per se may have evolved, including its compartmentalization, and the relationship of the pathway to eukaryogenesis. We discuss the circular interdependence of the evolution of the SL pathway, and comment on whether current Darwinian evolutionary models are able to provide genuine mechanistic insight into how the pathway came into being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Biran
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Tania C B Santos
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Tamir Dingjan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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2
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Zelnik ID, Mestre B, Weinstein JJ, Dingjan T, Izrailov S, Ben-Dor S, Fleishman SJ, Futerman AH. Computational design and molecular dynamics simulations suggest the mode of substrate binding in ceramide synthases. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2330. [PMID: 37087500 PMCID: PMC10122649 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38047-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Until now, membrane-protein stabilization has relied on iterations of mutations and screening. We now validate a one-step algorithm, mPROSS, for stabilizing membrane proteins directly from an AlphaFold2 model structure. Applied to the lipid-generating enzyme, ceramide synthase, 37 designed mutations lead to a more stable form of human CerS2. Together with molecular dynamics simulations, we propose a pathway by which substrates might be delivered to the ceramide synthases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris D Zelnik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Beatriz Mestre
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Jonathan J Weinstein
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Tamir Dingjan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Stav Izrailov
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Sarel J Fleishman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
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3
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Fierro F, Peri L, Hübner H, Tabor-Schkade A, Waterloo L, Löber S, Pfeiffer T, Weikert D, Dingjan T, Margulis E, Gmeiner P, Niv MY. Inhibiting a promiscuous GPCR: iterative discovery of bitter taste receptor ligands. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:114. [PMID: 37012410 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04765-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
The human GPCR family comprises circa 800 members, activated by hundreds of thousands of compounds. Bitter taste receptors, TAS2Rs, constitute a large and distinct subfamily, expressed orally and extra-orally and involved in physiological and pathological conditions. TAS2R14 is the most promiscuous member, with over 150 agonists and 3 antagonists known prior to this study. Due to the scarcity of inhibitors and to the importance of chemical probes for exploring TAS2R14 functions, we aimed to discover new ligands for this receptor, with emphasis on antagonists. To cope with the lack of experimental structure of the receptor, we used a mixed experimental/computational methodology which iteratively improved the performance of the predicted structure. The increasing number of active compounds, obtained here through experimental screening of FDA-approved drug library, and through chemically synthesized flufenamic acid derivatives, enabled the refinement of the binding pocket, which in turn improved the structure-based virtual screening reliability. This mixed approach led to the identification of 10 new antagonists and 200 new agonists of TAS2R14, illustrating the untapped potential of rigorous medicinal chemistry for TAS2Rs. 9% of the ~ 1800 pharmaceutical drugs here tested activate TAS2R14, nine of them at sub-micromolar concentrations. The iterative framework suggested residues involved in the activation process, is suitable for expanding bitter and bitter-masking chemical space, and is applicable to other promiscuous GPCRs lacking experimental structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fierro
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lior Peri
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Harald Hübner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alina Tabor-Schkade
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Waterloo
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Löber
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tara Pfeiffer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dorothee Weikert
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tamir Dingjan
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eitan Margulis
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Masha Y Niv
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
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4
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Blumenreich S, Nehushtan T, Barav OB, Saville JT, Dingjan T, Hardy J, Fuller M, Futerman AH. Elevation of gangliosides in four brain regions from Parkinson's disease patients with a GBA mutation. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:99. [PMID: 35933559 PMCID: PMC9357011 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00363-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of genetic risk factors have been identified over the past decade for Parkinson's Disease (PD), with variants in GBA prominent among them. GBA encodes the lysosomal enzyme that degrades the glycosphingolipid, glucosylceramide (GlcCer), with the activity of this enzyme defective in Gaucher disease. Based on the ill-defined relationship between glycosphingolipid metabolism and PD, we now analyze levels of various lipids by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry in four brain regions from age- and sex-matched patient samples, including idiopathic PD, PD patients with a GBA mutation and compare both to control brains (n = 21 for each group) obtained from individuals who died from a cause unrelated to PD. Of all the glycerolipids, sterols, and (glyco)sphingolipids (251 lipids in total), the only lipid class which showed significant differences were the gangliosides (sialic acid-containing complex glycosphingolipids), which were elevated in 3 of the 4 PD-GBA brain regions. There was no clear correlation between levels of individual gangliosides and the genetic variant in Gaucher disease [9 samples of severe (neuronopathic), 4 samples of mild (non-neuronopathic) GBA variants, and 8 samples with low pathogenicity variants which have a higher risk for development of PD]. Most brain regions, i.e. occipital cortex, cingulate gyrus, and striatum, did not show a statistically significant elevation of GlcCer in PD-GBA. Only one region, the middle temporal gyrus, showed a small, but significant elevation in GlcCer concentration in PD-GBA. We conclude that changes in ganglioside, but not in GlcCer levels, may contribute to the association between PD and GBA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Blumenreich
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Tamar Nehushtan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Or B Barav
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Jennifer T Saville
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology at Women's and Children's Hospital and Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Tamir Dingjan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Maria Fuller
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology at Women's and Children's Hospital and Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
- The Joseph Meyerhof Professor of Biochemistry at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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5
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Santos TCB, Dingjan T, Futerman AH. The sphingolipid anteome: implications for evolution of the sphingolipid metabolic pathway. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2345-2363. [PMID: 35899376 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Modern cell membranes contain a bewildering complexity of lipids, among them sphingolipids (SLs). Advances in mass spectrometry have led to the realization that the number and combinatorial complexity of lipids, including SLs, is much greater than previously appreciated. SLs are generated de novo by four enzymes, namely serine palmitoyltransferase, 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase, ceramide synthase and dihydroceramide Δ4-desaturase 1. Some of these enzymes depend on the availability of specific substrates and cofactors, which are themselves supplied by other complex metabolic pathways. The evolution of these four enzymes is poorly understood and likely depends on the co-evolution of the metabolic pathways that supply the other essential reaction components. Here, we introduce the concept of the 'anteome', from the Latin ante ('before') to describe the network of metabolic ('omic') pathways that must have converged in order for these pathways to co-evolve and permit SL synthesis. We also suggest that current origin of life and evolutionary models lack appropriate experimental support to explain the appearance of this complex metabolic pathway and its anteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania C B Santos
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Tamir Dingjan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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6
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Muller JD, Rotenberg E, Tatarinov F, Vishnevetsky I, Dingjan T, Kribus A, Yakir D. 'Dual-reference' method for high-precision infrared measurement of leaf surface temperature under field conditions. New Phytol 2021; 232:2535-2546. [PMID: 34480755 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is a key control over biological activities from the cellular to the ecosystem scales. However, direct, high-precision measurements of surface temperature of small objects, such as leaves, under field conditions with large variations in ambient conditions remain rare. Contact methods, such as thermocouples, are prone to large errors. The use of noncontact remote-sensing methods, such as thermal infrared measurements, provides an ideal solution, but their accuracy has been low (c. 2°C) owing to the necessity for corrections for material emissivity and fluctuations in background radiation Lbg . A novel 'dual-reference' method was developed to increase the accuracy of infrared needle-leaf surface temperature measurements in the field. It accounts for variations in Lbg and corrects for the systematic camera offset using two reference plates. We accurately captured surface temperature and leaf-to-air temperature differences of needle-leaves in a forest ecosystem with large diurnal and seasonal temperature fluctuations with an uncertainty of ± 0.23°C and ± 0.28°C, respectively. Routine high-precision leaf temperature measurements even under harsh field conditions, such as demonstrated here, opens the way for investigating a wide range of leaf-scale processes and their dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Muller
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal Rotenberg
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Fyodor Tatarinov
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Irina Vishnevetsky
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tamir Dingjan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Abraham Kribus
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Dan Yakir
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
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7
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Peri A, Greenstein E, Alon M, Pai JA, Dingjan T, Reich-Zeliger S, Barnea E, Barbolin C, Levy R, Arnedo-Pac C, Kalaora S, Dassa B, Feldmesser E, Shang P, Greenberg P, Levin Y, Benedek G, Levesque MP, Adams DJ, Lotem M, Wilmott JS, Scolyer RA, Jönsson GB, Admon A, Rosenberg SA, Cohen CJ, Niv MY, Lopez-Bigas N, Satpathy AT, Friedman N, Samuels Y. Combined presentation and immunogenicity analysis reveals a recurrent RAS.Q61K neoantigen in melanoma. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:129466. [PMID: 34651586 DOI: 10.1172/jci129466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoantigens are now recognized drivers of the antitumor immune response. Recurrent neoantigens, shared among groups of patients, have thus become increasingly coveted therapeutic targets. Here, we report on the data-driven identification of a robustly presented, immunogenic neoantigen that is derived from the combination of HLA-A*01:01 and RAS.Q61K. Analysis of large patient cohorts indicated that this combination applies to 3% of patients with melanoma. Using HLA peptidomics, we were able to demonstrate robust endogenous presentation of the neoantigen in 10 tumor samples. We detected specific reactivity to the mutated peptide within tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from 2 unrelated patients, thus confirming its natural immunogenicity. We further investigated the neoantigen-specific clones and their T cell receptors (TCRs) via a combination of TCR sequencing, TCR overexpression, functional assays, and single-cell transcriptomics. Our analysis revealed a diverse repertoire of neoantigen-specific clones with both intra- and interpatient TCR similarities. Moreover, 1 dominant clone proved to cross-react with the highly prevalent RAS.Q61R variant. Transcriptome analysis revealed a high association of TCR clones with specific T cell phenotypes in response to cognate melanoma, with neoantigen-specific cells showing an activated and dysfunctional phenotype. Identification of recurrent neoantigens and their reactive TCRs can promote "off-the-shelf" precision immunotherapies, alleviating limitations of personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erez Greenstein
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Joy A Pai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tamir Dingjan
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Eilon Barnea
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Ronen Levy
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and
| | - Claudia Arnedo-Pac
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Bareket Dassa
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ester Feldmesser
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ping Shang
- Melanoma Institute Australia and.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Yishai Levin
- The de Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gil Benedek
- Tissue Typing and Immunogenetics Unit, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David J Adams
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michal Lotem
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - James S Wilmott
- Melanoma Institute Australia and.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia and.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Göran B Jönsson
- Lund University Cancer Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Arie Admon
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Steven A Rosenberg
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cyrille J Cohen
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Masha Y Niv
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nuria Lopez-Bigas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ansuman T Satpathy
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nir Friedman
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Dingjan T, Futerman AH. The role of the 'sphingoid motif' in shaping the molecular interactions of sphingolipids in biomembranes. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2021; 1863:183701. [PMID: 34302797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids can be differentiated from other membrane lipids by the distinctive chemistry of the sphingoid long chain base (LCB), which is generated by the condensation of an amino acid (normally but not always serine) and a fatty acyl CoA (normally palmitoyl CoA) by the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme, serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT). The first five carbon atoms of the sphingoid LCB, herein defined as the 'sphingoid motif', are largely responsible for the unique chemical and biophysical properties of sphingolipids since they can undergo a relatively large number (compared to other lipid species) of molecular interactions with other membrane lipids, via hydrogen-bonding, charge-pairing, hydrophobic and van der Waals interactions. These interactions are responsible, for instance, for the association of sphingolipids with cholesterol in the membrane lipid bilayer. Here, we discuss some of the unique properties of this sphingoid motif, and in addition to outlining how this structural motif drives intra-bilayer interactions, discuss the atomic details of the interactions with two critical players in the biosynthetic pathway, namely SPT, and the ceramide transport protein, CERT. In the former, the selectivity of sphingolipid synthesis relies on a hydrogen bond interaction between Lys379 of SPTLC2 and the l-serine sidechain hydroxyl moiety. In the latter, the entire sphingoid motif is stereoselectively recognized by a hydrogen-bonding network involving all three sphingoid motif heteroatoms. The remarkable selectivity of these interactions, and the subtle means by which these interactions are modified and regulated in eukaryotic cells raises a number of challenging questions about the generation of these proteins, and of their interactions with the sphingoid motif in evolutionary history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Dingjan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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9
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Dingjan T, Futerman AH. The fine-tuning of cell membrane lipid bilayers accentuates their compositional complexity. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2100021. [PMID: 33656770 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cell membranes are now emerging as finely tuned molecular systems, signifying that re-evaluation of our understanding of their structure is essential. Although the idea that cell membrane lipid bilayers do little more than give shape and form to cells and limit diffusion between cells and their environment is totally passé, the structural, compositional, and functional complexity of lipid bilayers often catches cell and molecular biologists by surprise. Models of lipid bilayer structure have developed considerably since the heyday of the fluid mosaic model, principally by the discovery of the restricted diffusion of membrane proteins and lipids within the plane of the bilayer. In reviewing this field, we now suggest that further refinement of current models is necessary and propose that describing lipid bilayers as "finely-tuned molecular assemblies" best portrays their complexity and function. Also see the video abstract here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ddkP-QRZTl8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Dingjan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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10
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Ventura A, Varela A, Dingjan T, Santos T, Fedorov A, Futerman A, Prieto M, Silva L. Lipid domain formation and membrane shaping by C24-ceramide. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 2020; 1862:183400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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11
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Stoeger V, Holik AK, Hölz K, Dingjan T, Hans J, Ley JP, Krammer GE, Niv MY, Somoza MM, Somoza V. Bitter-Tasting Amino Acids l-Arginine and l-Isoleucine Differentially Regulate Proton Secretion via T2R1 Signaling in Human Parietal Cells in Culture. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:3434-3444. [PMID: 31891507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at identifying whether the bitter-tasting amino acids l-arginine (l-ARG) and l-isoleucine (l-ILE) differentially regulate mechanisms of gastric acid secretion in human parietal cells (HGT-1 cells) via activation of bitter taste sensing receptors (T2Rs). In a first set of experiments, involvement of T2Rs in l-ARG and l-ILE-modulated proton secretion was demonstrated by co-treatment of HGT-1 cells with T2R antagonists. Subsequent whole genome screenings by means of cDNA arrays revealed T2R1 as a prominent target for both amino acids. Next, the functional role of T2R1 was verified by means of a T2R1 CRISPR-Cas9 knock-out approach. Here, the effect of l-ARG on proton secretion decreased by 65.7 ± 21.9% and the effect of l-ILE increased by 93.2 ± 24.1% in HGT-1 T2R1 ko versus HGT-1 wt cells (p < 0.05). Overall, our results indicate differential effects of l-ARG and l-ILE on proton secretion in HGT-1 cells and our molecular docking studies predict distinct binding for these amino acids in the binding site of T2R1. Further studies will elucidate whether the mechanism of differential effects involves structure-specific ligand-biased signaling of T2R1 or additional cellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tamir Dingjan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Joachim Hans
- Symrise AG Global Innovation Cosmetic Ingredient Research, Research & Technology Flavors Division, P.O. Box 1253, Holzminden 37603, Germany
| | - Jakob P Ley
- Symrise AG Global Innovation Cosmetic Ingredient Research, Research & Technology Flavors Division, P.O. Box 1253, Holzminden 37603, Germany
| | - Gerhard E Krammer
- Symrise AG Global Innovation Cosmetic Ingredient Research, Research & Technology Flavors Division, P.O. Box 1253, Holzminden 37603, Germany
| | - Masha Y Niv
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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12
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Xue L, Shi DH, Harjani JR, Huang F, Beveridge JG, Dingjan T, Ban K, Diab S, Duffy S, Lucantoni L, Fletcher S, Chiu FCK, Blundell S, Ellis K, Ralph SA, Wirjanata G, Teguh S, Noviyanti R, Chavchich M, Creek D, Price RN, Marfurt J, Charman SA, Cuellar ME, Strasser JM, Dahlin JL, Walters MA, Edstein MD, Avery VM, Baell JB. 3,3'-Disubstituted 5,5'-Bi(1,2,4-triazine) Derivatives with Potent in Vitro and in Vivo Antimalarial Activity. J Med Chem 2019; 62:2485-2498. [PMID: 30715882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A series of 3,3'-disubstituted 5,5'-bi(1,2,4-triazine) derivatives was synthesized and screened against the erythrocytic stage of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 line. The most potent dimer, 6k, with an IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of 0.008 μM, had high in vitro potency against P. falciparum lines resistant to chloroquine (W2, IC50 = 0.0047 ± 0.0011 μM) and artemisinin (MRA1240, IC50 = 0.0086 ± 0.0010 μM). Excellent ex vivo potency of 6k was shown against clinical field isolates of both P. falciparum (IC50 = 0.022-0.034 μM) and Plasmodium vivax (IC50 = 0.0093-0.031 μM) from the blood of outpatients with uncomplicated malaria. Despite 6k being cleared relatively rapidly in mice, it suppressed parasitemia in the Peters 4-day test, with a mean ED50 value (50% effective dose) of 1.47 mg kg-1 day-1 following oral administration. The disubstituted triazine dimer 6k represents a new class of orally available antimalarial compounds of considerable interest for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Hua Shi
- Medicinal Chemistry , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Jitendra R Harjani
- Medicinal Chemistry , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Fei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
| | - Julia G Beveridge
- Medicinal Chemistry , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Tamir Dingjan
- Medicinal Chemistry , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Kung Ban
- Medicinal Chemistry , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Sarah Diab
- Medicinal Chemistry , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Discovery Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Brisbane Innovation Park , Nathan , Queensland 4111 , Australia
| | - Leonardo Lucantoni
- Discovery Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Brisbane Innovation Park , Nathan , Queensland 4111 , Australia
| | - Sabine Fletcher
- Discovery Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Brisbane Innovation Park , Nathan , Queensland 4111 , Australia
| | - Francis C K Chiu
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation , Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Scott Blundell
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation , Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Katherine Ellis
- Drug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Stuart A Ralph
- Bio21 Institute , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Grennady Wirjanata
- Global and Tropical Health Division , Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University , Royal Darwin Hospital Campus, Rocklands Drive , Casuarina , Northern Territory 0810 , Australia
| | - Silvia Teguh
- Medicinal Chemistry , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Rintis Noviyanti
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology , Jalan Diponegoro 69 , Jakarta 10430 , Indonesia
| | - Marina Chavchich
- The Department of Drug Evaluation , Australian Defence Force Malaria and Infectious Disease Institute , Brisbane , Queensland 4052 , Australia
| | - Darren Creek
- Drug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Ric N Price
- Global and Tropical Health Division , Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University , Royal Darwin Hospital Campus, Rocklands Drive , Casuarina , Northern Territory 0810 , Australia.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7LJ , U.K
| | - Jutta Marfurt
- Global and Tropical Health Division , Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University , Royal Darwin Hospital Campus, Rocklands Drive , Casuarina , Northern Territory 0810 , Australia
| | - Susan A Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation , Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Matthew E Cuellar
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development , University of Minnesota , 717 Delaware Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota , United States
| | - Jessica M Strasser
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development , University of Minnesota , 717 Delaware Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota , United States
| | - Jayme L Dahlin
- Department of Pathology , Brigham and Women's Hospital , 75 Francis Street , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Michael A Walters
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development , University of Minnesota , 717 Delaware Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota , United States
| | - Michael D Edstein
- The Department of Drug Evaluation , Australian Defence Force Malaria and Infectious Disease Institute , Brisbane , Queensland 4052 , Australia
| | - Vicky M Avery
- Discovery Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Brisbane Innovation Park , Nathan , Queensland 4111 , Australia
| | - Jonathan B Baell
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nanjing Tech University , No. 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China.,Medicinal Chemistry , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus) , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
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13
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Dingjan T, Gillon É, Imberty A, Pérez S, Titz A, Ramsland PA, Yuriev E. Virtual Screening Against Carbohydrate-Binding Proteins: Evaluation and Application to Bacterial Burkholderia ambifaria Lectin. J Chem Inf Model 2018; 58:1976-1989. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Dingjan
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Émilie Gillon
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Imberty
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Serge Pérez
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Paul A. Ramsland
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
- Department of Surgery Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Yuriev
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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Dingjan T, Imberty A, Pérez S, Yuriev E, Ramsland PA. Molecular Simulations of Carbohydrates with a Fucose-Binding Burkholderia ambifaria Lectin Suggest Modulation by Surface Residues Outside the Fucose-Binding Pocket. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:393. [PMID: 28680402 PMCID: PMC5478714 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia ambifaria is an opportunistic respiratory pathogen belonging to the Burkholderia cepacia complex, a collection of species responsible for the rapidly fatal cepacia syndrome in cystic fibrosis patients. A fucose-binding lectin identified in the B. ambifaria genome, BambL, is able to adhere to lung tissue, and may play a role in respiratory infection. X-ray crystallography has revealed the bound complex structures for four fucosylated human blood group epitopes (blood group B, H type 1, H type 2, and Lex determinants). The present study employed computational approaches, including docking and molecular dynamics (MD), to extend the structural analysis of BambL-oligosaccharide complexes to include four additional blood group saccharides (A, Lea, Leb, and Ley) and a library of blood-group-related carbohydrates. Carbohydrate recognition is dominated by interactions with fucose via a hydrogen-bonding network involving Arg15, Glu26, Ala38, and Trp79 and a stacking interaction with Trp74. Additional hydrogen bonds to non-fucose residues are formed with Asp30, Tyr35, Thr36, and Trp74. BambL recognition is dominated by interactions with fucose, but also features interactions with other parts of the ligands that may modulate specificity or affinity. The detailed computational characterization of the BambL carbohydrate-binding site provides guidelines for the future design of lectin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Dingjan
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne Imberty
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR5301, Université Grenoble AlpesGrenoble, France
| | - Serge Pérez
- Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5063, Université Grenoble AlpesGrenoble, France
| | - Elizabeth Yuriev
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul A Ramsland
- School of Science, RMIT UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Surgery Austin Health, University of MelbourneMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Burnet InstituteMelbourne, VIC, Australia
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15
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Seow J, Morales RAV, MacRaild CA, Krishnarjuna B, McGowan S, Dingjan T, Jaipuria G, Rouet R, Wilde KL, Atreya HS, Richards JS, Anders RF, Christ D, Drinkwater N, Norton RS. Structure and Characterisation of a Key Epitope in the Conserved C-Terminal Domain of the Malaria Vaccine Candidate MSP2. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:836-846. [PMID: 28189425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Merozoite surface protein 2 (MSP2) is an intrinsically disordered antigen that is abundant on the surface of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. The two allelic families of MSP2, 3D7 and FC27, differ in their central variable regions, which are flanked by highly conserved C-terminal and N-terminal regions. In a vaccine trial, full-length 3D7 MSP2 induced a strain-specific protective immune response despite the detectable presence of conserved region antibodies. This work focuses on the conserved C-terminal region of MSP2, which includes the only disulphide bond in the protein and encompasses key epitopes recognised by the mouse monoclonal antibodies 4D11 and 9H4. Although the 4D11 and 9H4 epitopes are overlapping, immunofluorescence assays have shown that the mouse monoclonal antibody 4D11 binds to MSP2 on the merozoite surface with a much stronger signal than 9H4. Understanding the structural basis for this antigenic difference between these antibodies will help direct the design of a broad-spectrum and MSP2-based malaria vaccine. 4D11 and 9H4 were reengineered into antibody fragments [variable region fragment (Fv) and single-chain Fv (scFv)] and were validated as suitable models for their full-sized IgG counterparts by surface plasmon resonance and isothermal titration calorimetry. An alanine scan of the 13-residue epitope 3D7-MSP2207-222 identified the minimal binding epitope of 4D11 and the key residues involved in binding. A 2.2-Å crystal structure of 4D11 Fv bound to the eight-residue epitope NKENCGAA provided valuable insight into the possible conformation of the C-terminal region of MSP2 on the parasite. This work underpins continued efforts to optimise recombinant MSP2 constructs for evaluation as potential vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Seow
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Rodrigo A V Morales
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher A MacRaild
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Bankala Krishnarjuna
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Sheena McGowan
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Tamir Dingjan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Garima Jaipuria
- NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Romain Rouet
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia
| | - Karyn L Wilde
- National Deuteration Facility, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights 2234, Australia
| | - Hanudatta S Atreya
- NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Jack S Richards
- Centre for Biomedical Research, The Burnet Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Robin F Anders
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Daniel Christ
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia
| | - Nyssa Drinkwater
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Raymond S Norton
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Australia.
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16
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Abstract
Carbohydrate-protein recognition is vital to many processes in health and disease. In particular, elucidation of the structural basis of carbohydrate binding is important to the development of oligosaccharides and oligosaccharide mimetics as vaccines for infectious diseases and cancer. Computational structural techniques are valuable for the study of carbohydrate-protein recognition due to the challenges associated with experimental determination of carbohydrate-protein complexes. AutoMap is a computer program that we have developed to study protein-ligand recognition. AutoMap determines the interactions taking place in a set of highly ranked poses obtained from molecular docking and processes these to identify the protein residues most likely to be involved in interactions. In this protocol, we describe the use of AutoMap and illustrate its suitability for studying antibody recognition of the Lewis Y tetrasaccharide, which is a potential cancer vaccine antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Dingjan
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
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17
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Dingjan T, Spendlove I, Durrant LG, Scott AM, Yuriev E, Ramsland PA. Structural biology of antibody recognition of carbohydrate epitopes and potential uses for targeted cancer immunotherapies. Mol Immunol 2015; 67:75-88. [PMID: 25757815 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies represent the most successful class of biopharmaceuticals for the treatment of cancer. Mechanisms of action of therapeutic antibodies are very diverse and reflect their ability to engage in antibody-dependent effector mechanisms, internalize to deliver cytotoxic payloads, and display direct effects on cells by lysis or by modulating the biological pathways of their target antigens. Importantly, one of the universal changes in cancer is glycosylation and carbohydrate-binding antibodies can be produced to selectively recognize tumor cells over normal tissues. A promising group of cell surface antibody targets consists of carbohydrates presented as glycolipids or glycoproteins. In this review, we outline the basic principles of antibody-based targeting of carbohydrate antigens in cancer. We also present a detailed structural view of antibody recognition and the conformational properties of a series of related tissue-blood group (Lewis) carbohydrates that are being pursued as potential targets of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Dingjan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ian Spendlove
- Academic Department of Clinical Oncology, Division of Cancer and Stem cells, University of Nottingham, City Hospital, Nottingham NG5 1PB, United Kingdom
| | - Lindy G Durrant
- Academic Department of Clinical Oncology, Division of Cancer and Stem cells, University of Nottingham, City Hospital, Nottingham NG5 1PB, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Yuriev
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Paul A Ramsland
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Surgery Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
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Agostino M, Velkov T, Dingjan T, Williams SJ, Yuriev E, Ramsland PA. The carbohydrate-binding promiscuity of Euonymus europaeus lectin is predicted to involve a single binding site. Glycobiology 2014; 25:101-14. [PMID: 25209582 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Euonymus europaeus lectin (EEL) is a carbohydrate-binding protein derived from the fruit of the European spindle tree. EEL was first identified for its erythrocyte agglutinating properties and specificity for B and H blood groups. However, a detailed molecular picture of the structural basis of carbohydrate recognition by EEL remains to be developed. In this study, we performed fluorescence titrations of a range of carbohydrates against EEL. Binding of EEL to a wide range of carbohydrates was observed, including a series of blood group-related carbohydrates, mannosides, chitotriose and sialic acid. Affinity was strongest for carbohydrates with H-related structures and the B trisaccharide. A homology model of EEL was produced from templates identified using the HHPred server, which employs hidden Markov models (HMMs) to identify templates. The HMM approach identified that the best templates for EEL were proteins featuring a ricin B-like (R-type) fold. Separate templates were used to model the core and binding site regions of the lectin. Through the use of constrained docking and spatial comparison with a template ligand, binding modes for the carbohydrate ligands were predicted. A relationship between the experimental binding energies and the computed binding energies of the selected docked poses was determined and optimized. Collectively, our results suggest that EEL utilizes a single site for recognition of carbohydrates terminating in a variety of monosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Agostino
- School of Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia Joint BSC-IRB Research Program in Computational Biology, Life Science Department, Barcelona Supercomputing Centre, Barcelona 08034, Spain Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Tamir Dingjan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Spencer J Williams
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Yuriev
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Paul A Ramsland
- School of Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia Department of Surgery Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia Department of Immunology, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
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