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Salazar N, Arboleya S, Fernández-Navarro T, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG, Gonzalez S, Gueimonde M. Age-Associated Changes in Gut Microbiota and Dietary Components Related with the Immune System in Adulthood and Old Age: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081765. [PMID: 31370376 PMCID: PMC6722604 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The fecal microbiota plays an important role in human health, and alterations in the microbiota–host interaction seem to be involved in the ageing process. Therefore, it is of interest to develop strategies for promoting a balanced microbiota in old age in order to prevent the physiological and immune decline associated with age. However, the specific microbiota changes in the transition from adulthood to senescence are not yet well understood. Here we assessed the levels of some intestinal microorganisms and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) across different age-groups. In total, 153 adults from four age groups (<50, 50–65, 66–80, and >80 years-old) were recruited; the levels of different bacterial groups in fecal samples were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and those of SCFA by gas chromatography. Dietary information was collected by using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. The presence of the Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides group, and Clostridium cluster XIVa decreased with age up to 66–80 years of age, with differences reaching statistical significance for the latter group. Interestingly, the levels of some of these microorganisms recovered in the very old age group (>80 years), with these older individuals presenting significantly higher counts of Akkermansia and Lactobacillus group than adults and the younger elderly. In addition, ageing was associated with a progressively and statistically significant reduction in the fecal concentrations of SCFAs. Dietary intakes also showed some statistically significant differences among the groups for some macro- and micronutrients. Moreover, associations of some microorganisms with age and macronutrients were also evidenced. Considering the role that fecal microbiota alterations may have in terms of impairing homeostasis and resilience, our results underline the importance of understanding the ageing and immunosenescence processes by including the microbiota perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Salazar
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, 33300 Asturias, Spain
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Silvia Arboleya
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, 33300 Asturias, Spain
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Tania Fernández-Navarro
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, 33300 Asturias, Spain
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sonia Gonzalez
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Miguel Gueimonde
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, 33300 Asturias, Spain.
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
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Fernández-Navarro T, Díaz I, Gutiérrez-Díaz I, Rodríguez-Carrio J, Suárez A, de los Reyes-Gavilán CG, Gueimonde M, Salazar N, González S. Exploring the interactions between serum free fatty acids and fecal microbiota in obesity through a machine learning algorithm. Food Res Int 2019; 121:533-541. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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González S, Fernández-Navarro T, Arboleya S, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG, Salazar N, Gueimonde M. Fermented Dairy Foods: Impact on Intestinal Microbiota and Health-Linked Biomarkers. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1046. [PMID: 31191465 PMCID: PMC6545342 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The intake of fermented foods is gaining increasing interest due to their health-promoting benefits. Among them, fermented dairy foods have been associated with obesity prevention, and reduction of the risk of metabolic disorders and immune-related pathologies. Fermented foods could lead to these health benefits by providing the consumer with both easily metabolizable nutrients and beneficial microorganisms. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the consumption of fermented dairy products and the intestinal microbiota, serum lipid profile, and the pro-oxidant/inflammatory status. 130 healthy adults were evaluated. Dietary fermented food intake was assessed by an annual food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), including 26 fermented dairy products. Levels of the major phylogenetic types of the intestinal microbiota were determined by qPCR, and concentration of fecal short chain fatty acids were assessed by gas chromatography. Serum glucose and lipid profile, as well as serum malondialdehyde (MDA), C-reactive protein (CRP), and leptin levels were determined by standardized protocols. Among fermented dairy foods, natural yogurt, sweetened yogurt and matured/semi-matured cheese were the most consumed. While natural yogurt consumers showed increased fecal levels of Akkermansia with respect to non-consumers, sweetened yogurt intake was associated to lower levels of Bacteroides. Serum levels of CRP were also significantly reduced in yogurt consumers. Our results underline the interest in exploring the potential effects of the different yogurt types and the role the microbiota may play in such effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S González
- Area of Physiology, Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine. University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Group Diet, Microbiota and Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - T Fernández-Navarro
- Area of Physiology, Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine. University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Group Diet, Microbiota and Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - S Arboleya
- Group Diet, Microbiota and Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - C G de Los Reyes-Gavilán
- Group Diet, Microbiota and Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - N Salazar
- Group Diet, Microbiota and Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - M Gueimonde
- Group Diet, Microbiota and Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
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Gutiérrez-Díaz I, Fernández-Navarro T, Salazar N, Bartolomé B, Moreno-Arribas MV, López P, Suárez A, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG, Gueimonde M, González S. Could Fecal Phenylacetic and Phenylpropionic Acids Be Used as Indicators of Health Status? J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:10438-10446. [PMID: 30227707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although most of the health effects attributed to polyphenols may be linked to their phenolic-derived metabolites, the role of the intestinal derived-phenolics in human health is still far from being well understood. We determined the profile of fecal phenolic-derived metabolites, microbiota, biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, and daily intake of bioactive compounds in 71 elderly volunteers. Phenylacetic and phenylpropionic acids were the main phenolic metabolites present in feces. From them, phenylacetic acid was related with a more pro-oxidant and immune stimulated status, and both were negatively associated with fecal propionate, whereas phenylpropionic acid was directly related with the fecal concentration of acetate. Moreover, phenylacetic acid was negatively associated with the Bacteroides group and Clostridium cluster XIVa and positively with Lactobacillus. These results provide a rationale to explore the potential of fecal microbial phenolic-derived metabolites as possible biomarkers of health status in future studies focused on the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Gutiérrez-Díaz
- Department of Functional Biology , University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería s/n Oviedo , 33006 Asturias , Spain
- Group Diet, Microbiota and Health , Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) , Avda. Roma s/n Oviedo , 33011 Asturias , Spain
| | - Tania Fernández-Navarro
- Department of Functional Biology , University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería s/n Oviedo , 33006 Asturias , Spain
- Group Diet, Microbiota and Health , Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) , Avda. Roma s/n Oviedo , 33011 Asturias , Spain
| | - Nuria Salazar
- Group Diet, Microbiota and Health , Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) , Avda. Roma s/n Oviedo , 33011 Asturias , Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products , Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC) , Paseo Río Linares s/n Villaviciosa , 33300 Asturias , Spain
| | - Begoña Bartolomé
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM-CSIC , c/Nicolás Cabrera 9 Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - M Victoria Moreno-Arribas
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM-CSIC , c/Nicolás Cabrera 9 Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Patricia López
- Department of Functional Biology , University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería s/n Oviedo , 33006 Asturias , Spain
- Group Basic and Translational Research in Inflammatory Diseases , Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) , Avda. Roma s/n Oviedo , 33011 Asturias , Spain
| | - Ana Suárez
- Department of Functional Biology , University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería s/n Oviedo , 33006 Asturias , Spain
- Group Basic and Translational Research in Inflammatory Diseases , Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) , Avda. Roma s/n Oviedo , 33011 Asturias , Spain
| | - Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán
- Group Diet, Microbiota and Health , Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) , Avda. Roma s/n Oviedo , 33011 Asturias , Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products , Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC) , Paseo Río Linares s/n Villaviciosa , 33300 Asturias , Spain
| | - Miguel Gueimonde
- Group Diet, Microbiota and Health , Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) , Avda. Roma s/n Oviedo , 33011 Asturias , Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products , Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC) , Paseo Río Linares s/n Villaviciosa , 33300 Asturias , Spain
| | - Sonia González
- Department of Functional Biology , University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería s/n Oviedo , 33006 Asturias , Spain
- Group Diet, Microbiota and Health , Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) , Avda. Roma s/n Oviedo , 33011 Asturias , Spain
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Gutiérrez-Díaz I, Fernández-Navarro T, Salazar N, Bartolomé B, Moreno-Arribas MV, de Andres-Galiana EJ, Fernández-Martínez JL, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG, Gueimonde M, González S. Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Influences the Fecal Metabolic Profile of Microbial-Derived Phenolics in a Spanish Cohort of Middle-Age and Older People. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:586-595. [PMID: 28029051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the evidence regarding the influence of certain polyphenol food sources on the metabolic profile in feces, the association between the different phenolics provided by the diet and the fecal phenolic profile has not been elucidated. In this study, the composition of phenolic metabolites in fecal solutions was analyzed by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS in 74 volunteers. This fecal phenolic profile showed a high interindividual variation of the different compounds analyzed, phenylacetic and phenylpropionic acids being the major classes of phenolic metabolites excreted in feces. Subjects with higher adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern presented greater fecal concentrations of benzoic and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acids, positively correlated with the intake of the principal classes and subclasses of polyphenols and fibers, and higher levels of Clostridium cluster XVIa and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. These results provide a link among the Mediterranean dietary pattern, the bioactive compounds of the diet, and the fecal metabolic phenolic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Gutiérrez-Díaz
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería s/n, Oviedo, 33006 Asturias, Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC) , Paseo Río Linares s/n, Villaviciosa, 33300 Asturias, Spain
| | - Tania Fernández-Navarro
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería s/n, Oviedo, 33006 Asturias, Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC) , Paseo Río Linares s/n, Villaviciosa, 33300 Asturias, Spain
| | - Nuria Salazar
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC) , Paseo Río Linares s/n, Villaviciosa, 33300 Asturias, Spain
| | - Begoña Bartolomé
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM-CSIC , C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Victoria Moreno-Arribas
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM-CSIC , C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC) , Paseo Río Linares s/n, Villaviciosa, 33300 Asturias, Spain
| | - Miguel Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC) , Paseo Río Linares s/n, Villaviciosa, 33300 Asturias, Spain
| | - Sonia González
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería s/n, Oviedo, 33006 Asturias, Spain
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Fernández-Navarro T, Salazar N, Gutiérrez-Díaz I, Sánchez B, Rúas-Madiedo P, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG, Margolles A, Gueimonde M, González S. Bioactive compounds from regular diet and faecal microbial metabolites. Eur J Nutr 2016; 57:487-497. [PMID: 27744545 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) formation by intestinal bacteria is regulated by many different factors, among which dietary fibre is currently receiving most attention. However, since fibre-rich foods are usually good dietary sources of phenolic compounds, which are also known to affect the microbiota, authors hypothesize that the regular intake of these bioactive compounds could be associated with a modulation of faecal SCFA production by the intestinal microbiota. METHODS In this work, food intake was recorded by means of a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Fibres were determined using Marlett food composition tables, and phenolic compounds were obtained from Phenol-Explorer Database. Analysis of SCFA was performed by gas chromatography-flame ionization/mass spectrometry and quantification of microbial populations in faeces by quantitative PCR. RESULTS Klason lignin and its food contributors, as predictors of faecal butyrate production, were directly associated with Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium levels, as well as lignans with Bacteroides. Also, anthocyanidins, provided by strawberries, were associated with faecal propionate and inversely related to Lactobacillus group. CONCLUSIONS These results support the hypothesis we put forward regarding the association between some vegetable foods (strawberries, pasta, lentils, lettuce and olive oil) and faecal SCFA. More studies are needed in order to elucidate whether these associations have been mediated by the bacterial modulatory effect of the bioactive compounds, anthocyanins, lignans or Klason lignin, present in foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Fernández-Navarro
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Nuria Salazar
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Isabel Gutiérrez-Díaz
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Borja Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Patricia Rúas-Madiedo
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Abelardo Margolles
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Miguel Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Sonia González
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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Gutiérrez-Díaz I, Fernández-Navarro T, Sánchez B, Margolles A, González S. Mediterranean diet and faecal microbiota: a transversal study. Food Funct 2016; 7:2347-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00105j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The adherence to Mediterrean Diet pattern is associated with higher abundances of Bacteroidetes and lower of Firmicutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Gutiérrez-Díaz
- Department of Functional Biology
- University of Oviedo
- 33006 Asturias
- Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products
| | | | - B. Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC)
- 33300 Asturias
- Spain
| | - A. Margolles
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC)
- 33300 Asturias
- Spain
| | - S. González
- Department of Functional Biology
- University of Oviedo
- 33006 Asturias
- Spain
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