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Ghosh LD, Mathur T, Tronolone JJ, Chuong A, Rangel K, Corvigno S, Sood AK, Jain A. Angiogenesis-Enabled Human Ovarian Tumor Microenvironment-Chip Evaluates Pathophysiology of Platelets in Microcirculation. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304263. [PMID: 38553940 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes angiogenesis for its growth through the recruitment of multiple cells and signaling mechanisms. For example, TME actively recruits and activates platelets from the microcirculation to facilitate metastasis, but platelets may simultaneously also support tumor angiogenesis. Here, to model this complex pathophysiology within the TME that involves a signaling triad of cancer cells, sprouting endothelial cells, and platelets, an angiogenesis-enabled tumor microenvironment chip (aTME-Chip) is presented. This platform recapitulates the convergence of physiology of angiogenesis and platelet function within the ovarian TME and describes the contribution of platelets in promoting angiogenesis within an ovarian TME. By including three distinct human ovarian cancer cell-types, the aTME-Chip quantitatively reveals the following outcomes-first, introduction of platelets significantly increases angiogenesis; second, the temporal dynamics of angiogenic signaling is dependent on cancer cell type; and finally, tumor-educated platelets either activated exogenously by cancer cells or derived clinically from a cancer patient accelerate tumor angiogenesis. Further, analysis of effluents available from aTME-Chip validate functional outcomes by revealing changes in cytokine expression and several angiogenic and metastatic signaling pathways due to platelets. Collectively, this tumor microphysiological system may be deployed to derive antiangiogenic targets combined with antiplatelet treatments to arrest cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lopamudra D Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Tanmay Mathur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - James J Tronolone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ashley Chuong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Kelly Rangel
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sara Corvigno
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Tronolone JJ, Mathur T, Chaftari CP, Sun Y, Jain A. Machine learning chained neural network analysis of oxygen transport amplifies the physiological relevance of vascularized microphysiological systems. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10582. [PMID: 38023704 PMCID: PMC10658488 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Since every biological system requires capillaries to support its oxygenation, design of engineered preclinical models of such systems, for example, vascularized microphysiological systems (vMPS) have gained attention enhancing the physiological relevance of human biology and therapies. But the physiology and function of formed vessels in the vMPS is currently assessed by non-standardized, user-dependent, and simple morphological metrics that poorly relate to the fundamental function of oxygenation of organs. Here, a chained neural network is engineered and trained using morphological metrics derived from a diverse set of vMPS representing random combinations of factors that influence the vascular network architecture of a tissue. This machine-learned algorithm outputs a singular measure, termed as vascular network quality index (VNQI). Cross-correlation of morphological metrics and VNQI against measured oxygen levels within vMPS revealed that VNQI correlated the most with oxygen measurements. VNQI is sensitive to the determinants of vascular networks and it consistently correlates better to the measured oxygen than morphological metrics alone. Finally, the VNQI is positively associated with the functional outcomes of cell transplantation therapies, shown in the vascularized islet-chip challenged with hypoxia. Therefore, adoption of this tool will amplify the predictions and enable standardization of organ-chips, transplant models, and other cell biosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. Tronolone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Tanmay Mathur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Christopher P. Chaftari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of MedicineTexas A&M Health Science CenterBryanTexasUSA
- Department of Cardiovascular ScienceHouston Methodist Academic InstituteHoustonTexasUSA
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Tronolone JJ, Mathur T, Chaftari CP, Jain A. Evaluation of the Morphological and Biological Functions of Vascularized Microphysiological Systems with Supervised Machine Learning. Ann Biomed Eng 2023:10.1007/s10439-023-03177-2. [PMID: 36913087 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03177-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Vascularized microphysiological systems and organoids are contemporary preclinical experimental platforms representing human tissue or organ function in health and disease. While vascularization is emerging as a necessary physiological organ-level feature required in most such systems, there is no standard tool or morphological metric to measure the performance or biological function of vascularized networks within these models. Further, the commonly reported morphological metrics may not correlate to the network's biological function-oxygen transport. Here, a large library of vascular network images was analyzed by the measure of each sample's morphology and oxygen transport potential. The oxygen transport quantification is computationally expensive and user-dependent, so machine learning techniques were examined to generate regression models relating morphology to function. Principal component and factor analyses were applied to reduce dimensionality of the multivariate dataset, followed by multiple linear regression and tree-based regression analyses. These examinations reveal that while several morphological data relate poorly to the biological function, some machine learning models possess a relatively improved, but still moderate predictive potential. Overall, random forest regression model correlates to the biological function of vascular networks with relatively higher accuracy than other regression models.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Tronolone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell Street, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Tanmay Mathur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell Street, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Christopher P Chaftari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell Street, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell Street, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA.
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, USA.
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Tronolone JJ, Mathur T, Chaftari CP, Jain A. Evaluation of the morphological and biological functions of vascularized microphysiological systems with supervised machine learning. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.12.523755. [PMID: 36711458 PMCID: PMC9882172 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.12.523755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Vascularized microphysiological systems and organoids are contemporary preclinical experimental platforms representing human tissue or organ function in health and disease. While vascularization is emerging as a necessary physiological organ-level feature required in most such systems, there is no standard tool or morphological metric to measure the performance or biological function of vascularized networks within these models. Further, the commonly reported morphological metrics may not correlate to the network's biological function - oxygen transport. Here, a large library of vascular network images was analyzed by the measure of each sample's morphology and oxygen transport potential. The oxygen transport quantification is computationally expensive and user-dependent, so machine learning techniques were examined to generate regression models relating morphology to function. Principal component and factor analyses were applied to reduce dimensionality of the multivariate dataset, followed by multiple linear regression and tree-based regression analyses. These examinations reveal that while several morphological data relate poorly to the biological function, some machine learning models possess a relatively improved, but still moderate predictive potential. Overall, random forest regression model correlates to the biological function of vascular networks with relatively higher accuracy than other regression models.
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Mathur T, Tronolone JJ, Jain A. AngioMT: An in silico platform for digital sensing of oxygen transport through heterogenous microvascular networks. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.09.523275. [PMID: 36711826 PMCID: PMC9881947 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.09.523275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Measuring the capacity of microvascular networks in delivering soluble oxygen and nutrients to its organs is essential in health, disease, and surgical interventions. Here, a finite element method-based oxygen transport program, AngioMT, is designed and validated to predict spatial oxygen distribution and other physiologically relevant transport metrics within both the vascular network and the surrounding tissue. The software processes acquired images of microvascular networks and produces a digital mesh which is used to predict vessel and tissue oxygenation. The image-to-physics translation by AngioMT correlated with results from commercial software, however only AngioMT could provide predictions within the solid tissue in addition to vessel oxygenation. AngioMT predictions were sensitive and positively correlated to spatial heterogeneity and extent of vascularization of 500 different vascular networks formed with variable vasculogenic conditions. The predictions of AngioMT cross-correlate with experimentally-measured oxygen distributions in vivo. The computational power of the software is increased by including calculations of higher order reaction mechanisms, and the program includes defining additional organ and tissue structures for a more physiologically relevant analysis of tissue oxygenation in complex co-cultured systems, or in vivo. AngioMT may serve as a digital performance measuring tool of vascular networks in microcirculation, experimental models of vascularized tissues and organs, and in clinical applications, such as organ transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Mathur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - James J. Tronolone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Singh R, Goswami G, Mathur T, Sirohiya P, Kumar B, Ratre BK. ROX index: A non-invasive tool in monitoring and guiding oxygen therapy in critically ill patients-A narrative review. Trends in Anaesthesia and Critical Care 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tacc.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mathur T, Kumar A, Flanagan JM, Jain A. Vascular Transcriptomics: Investigating Endothelial Activation and Vascular Dysfunction Using Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells, Organ-Chips, and RNA Sequencing. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e582. [PMID: 36300922 PMCID: PMC9627633 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Vascular organ-chip or vessel-chip technology has significantly impacted our ability to model microphysiological vasculature. These biomimetic platforms have garnered significant interest from scientists and pharmaceutical companies as drug screening models. However, these models still lack the inclusion of patient-specific vasculature in the form of patient-derived endothelial cells. Blood outgrowth endothelial cells are patient blood-derived endothelial progenitors that have gained interest from the vascular biology community as an autologous endothelial cell alternative and have also been incorporated with the vessel-chip model. Next-generation sequencing techniques like RNA sequencing can further unlock the potential of personalized vessel-chips in discerning patient-specific hallmarks of endothelial dysfunction. Here we present a detailed protocol for (1) isolating blood outgrowth endothelial cells from patient blood samples, (2) culturing them in microfluidic vessel-chips, (3) isolating and preparing RNA from individual vessel-chips for sequencing, and (4) performing differential gene expression and bioinformatics analyses of vascular dysfunction and endothelial activation pathways. This method focuses specifically on identification of pathways and genes involved in vascular homeostasis and pathology, but can easily be adapted for the requirements of other systems. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Isolation of blood outgrowth endothelial cells from patient blood Basic Protocol 2: Culture of blood outgrowth endothelial cells in microfluidic vessel-chips Basic Protocol 3: Isolation of RNA from autologous vessel-chips Basic Protocol 4: Differential gene expression and bioinformatics analyses of endothelial activation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Mathur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, College Station, USA
| | - Ankit Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, College Station, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Flanagan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, College Station, USA
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, USA
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Sirohiya P, Vig S, Mathur T, Meena JK, Panda S, Goswami G, Gupta R, Konkimalla A, Kondamudi D, Gupta N, Ratre BK, Singh R, Kumar B, Pandit A, Sikka K, Thakar A, Bhatnagar S. Airway management, procedural data, and in-hospital mortality records of patients undergoing surgery for mucormycosis associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). J Mycol Med 2022; 32:101307. [PMID: 35849869 PMCID: PMC9250164 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2022.101307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Although unexpected airway difficulties are reported in patients with mucormycosis, the literature on airway management in patients with mucormycosis associated with Coronavirus disease is sparse. Methods In this retrospective case record review of 57 patients who underwent surgery for mucormycosis associated with coronavirus disease, we aimed to evaluate the demographics, airway management, procedural data, and in-hospital mortality records. Results Forty-one (71.9%) patients had a diagnosis of sino-nasal mucormycosis, fourteen (24.6%) patients had a diagnosis of rhino-orbital mucormycosis, and 2 (3.5%) patients had a diagnosis of palatal mucormycosis. A total of 44 (77.2%) patients had co-morbidities. The most common co-morbidities were diabetes mellitus in 42 (73.6%) patients, followed by hypertension in 21 (36.8%) patients, and acute kidney injury in 14 (28.1%) patients. We used the intubation difficulty scale score to assess intubating conditions. Intubation was easy to slightly difficult in 53 (92.9%) patients. In our study, mortality occurred in 7 (12.3%) patients. The median (range) mortality time was 60 (27–74) days. The median (range) time to hospital discharge was 53.5 (10–85) days. The median [interquartile range] age of discharged versus expired patients was 47.5 [41,57.5] versus 64 [47,70] years (P = 0.04), and median (interquartile range) D-dimer levels in discharged versus expired patients was 364 [213, 638] versus 2448 [408,3301] ng/mL (P = 0.03). Conclusion In patients undergoing surgery for mucormycosis associated with the coronavirus disease, airway management was easy to slightly difficult in most patients. Perioperative complications can be minimized by taking timely and precautionary measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Sirohiya
- Department of Onco-anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Vig
- Department of Onco-anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanmay Mathur
- Department of Onco-anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Meena
- Department of Preventive Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Smriti Panda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gitartha Goswami
- Department of Onco-anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Raghav Gupta
- Department of Onco-anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhilash Konkimalla
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dheeraj Kondamudi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nishkarsh Gupta
- Department of Onco-anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Brajesh Kumar Ratre
- Department of Onco-anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ram Singh
- Department of Onco-anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Balbir Kumar
- Department of Onco-anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anuja Pandit
- Department of Onco-anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Sikka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok Thakar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushma Bhatnagar
- Department of Onco-anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Tronolone JJ, Mathur T, Chaftari CP, Jain A. A machine‐learned microvasculature optimizes physiological insulin secretion in a vascularized pancreas‐chip. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r6103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanmay Mathur
- Biomedical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | | | - Abhishek Jain
- Biomedical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
- Medical PhysiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
- Cardiovascular SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
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Mathur T, Tronolone J, Jain A. Next generation personalized blood vessel‐on‐chip: Mimicking patient‐specific pathophysiology in sickle cell disease through blood‐derived endothelial progenitors. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r6333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Mathur
- Dept. Of Biomedical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
- Biomedical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - James Tronolone
- Dept. Of Biomedical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Dept. Of Biomedical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX
- Medical PhysiologyTexas A&M Health Science CenterBryanTX
- Cardiovascular SciencesHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX
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Singh R, Reddy KS, Mathur T. Tracheobronchial carcinoid tumour causing a complete collapse of the one and compensatory hypertrophy of the other lung, resulting in a postpneumonectomy-like syndrome. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:15/5/e250070. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-250070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Bal JK, Das N, Mathur T, Plaisier JR, Thomas S. Physicochemical Properties of a Bi-aromatic Heterocyclic-Azo/BSA Hybrid System at the Air-Water Interface. ACS Omega 2022; 7:14031-14044. [PMID: 35559205 PMCID: PMC9089336 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of a heterocyclic azo compound with itself and with bovine serum albumin (BSA) is realized by probing the structural modifications in Langmuir (L) monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films. It was found from the pressure-area/molecule isotherms that the elastic, thermodynamic, and hysteretic properties of the pure azo L monolayer were strongly altered due to the variation of temperature and pH of subphase water. In addition to that, the modification of such properties of the azo L monolayer due to mixing with BSA was also studied. The incorporation of BSA within the azo molecular assembly reduced the elasticity of that assembly. Such reduction of in-plane elasticity of the pure azo monolayer can also be achieved by reducing the temperature and pH of subphase water without adding BSA. A reduction in area per molecule of the azo assembly at the air-water interface associated with the conformational change from horizontal to vertical orientation facilitating π-π interaction was observed with increase in temperature and pH of the subphase. Such parameters also affected the interactions between azo and BSA molecules within the azo/BSA binary system. The structures of pure azo and binary films can be determined after they are transferred to hydrophilic and hydrophobic Si surfaces using the LB technique. Their out-of-plane and in-plane structures, as extracted from two complementary surface sensitive techniques, X-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy, were found to be strongly dependent on mixing with BSA, subphase pH, temperature, and substrate nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Kumar Bal
- Abhedananda
Mahavidyalaya, University of Burdwan, Sainthia, 731234, India
| | - Nilanjan Das
- Abhedananda
Mahavidyalaya, University of Burdwan, Sainthia, 731234, India
| | - Tanmay Mathur
- Abhedananda
Mahavidyalaya, University of Burdwan, Sainthia, 731234, India
| | - Jasper R. Plaisier
- Elettra
- Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Sabu Thomas
- International
and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, India
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Abstract
Background Organ‐on‐chip technology has accelerated in vitro preclinical research of the vascular system, and a key strength of this platform is its promise to impact personalized medicine by providing a primary human cell–culture environment where endothelial cells are directly biopsied from individual tissue or differentiated through stem cell biotechniques. However, these methods are difficult to adopt in laboratories, and often result in impurity and heterogeneity of cells. This limits the power of organ‐chips in making accurate physiological predictions. In this study, we report the use of blood‐derived endothelial cells as alternatives to primary and induced pluripotent stem cell–derived endothelial cells. Methods and Results Here, the genotype, phenotype, and organ‐chip functional characteristics of blood‐derived outgrowth endothelial cells were compared against commercially available and most used primary endothelial cells and induced pluripotent stem cell–derived endothelial cells. The methods include RNA‐sequencing, as well as criterion standard assays of cell marker expression, growth kinetics, migration potential, and vasculogenesis. Finally, thromboinflammatory responses under shear using vessel‐chips engineered with blood‐derived endothelial cells were assessed. Blood‐derived endothelial cells exhibit the criterion standard hallmarks of typical endothelial cells. There are differences in gene expression profiles between different sources of endothelial cells, but blood‐derived cells are relatively closer to primary cells than induced pluripotent stem cell–derived. Furthermore, blood‐derived endothelial cells are much easier to obtain from individuals and yet, they serve as an equally effective cell source for functional studies and organ‐chips compared with primary cells or induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cells. Conclusions Blood‐derived endothelial cells may be used in preclinical research for developing more robust and personalized next‐generation disease models using organ‐on‐chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Mathur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX
| | - James J Tronolone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX.,Department of Medical Physiology College of MedicineTexas A&M Health Science Center Bryan TX.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences Houston Methodist Research Institute Houston TX
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Mathur T, Flanagan JM, Jain A. Tripartite collaboration of blood-derived endothelial cells, next generation RNA sequencing and bioengineered vessel-chip may distinguish vasculopathy and thrombosis among sickle cell disease patients. Bioeng Transl Med 2021; 6:e10211. [PMID: 34589594 PMCID: PMC8459595 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most prevalent inherited blood disorder in the world. But the clinical manifestations of the disease are highly variable. In particular, it is currently difficult to predict the adverse outcomes within patients with SCD, such as, vasculopathy, thrombosis, and stroke. Therefore, for most effective and timely interventions, a predictive analytic strategy is desirable. In this study, we evaluate the endothelial and prothrombotic characteristics of blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) generated from blood samples of SCD patients with known differences in clinical severity of the disease. We present a method to evaluate patient-specific vaso-occlusive risk by combining novel RNA-seq and organ-on-chip approaches. Through differential gene expression (DGE) and pathway analysis we find that BOECs from SCD patients exhibit an activated state through cell adhesion molecule (CAM) and cytokine signaling pathways among many others. In agreement with clinical symptoms of patients, DGE analyses reveal that patient with severe SCD had a greater extent of endothelial activation compared to patient with milder symptoms. This difference is confirmed by performing qRT-PCR of endothelial adhesion markers like E-selectin, P-selectin, tissue factor, and Von Willebrand factor. Finally, the differential regulation of the proinflammatory phenotype is confirmed through platelet adhesion readouts in our BOEC vessel-chip. Taken together, we hypothesize that these easily blood-derived endothelial cells evaluated through RNA-seq and organ-on-chips may serve as a biotechnique to predict vaso-occlusive episodes in SCD patients and will ultimately allow better therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Mathur
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Jonathan M. Flanagan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology‐OncologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
- Department of Medical PhysiologyCollege of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science CenterBryanTexasUSA
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Saha B, Mathur T, Tronolone JJ, Chokshi M, Lokhande GK, Selahi A, Gaharwar AK, Afshar-Kharghan V, Sood AK, Bao G, Jain A. Human tumor microenvironment chip evaluates the consequences of platelet extravasation and combinatorial antitumor-antiplatelet therapy in ovarian cancer. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabg5283. [PMID: 34290095 PMCID: PMC8294767 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg5283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Platelets extravasate from the circulation into tumor microenvironment, enable metastasis, and confer resistance to chemotherapy in several cancers. Therefore, arresting tumor-platelet cross-talk with effective and atoxic antiplatelet agents in combination with anticancer drugs may serve as an effective cancer treatment strategy. To test this concept, we create an ovarian tumor microenvironment chip (OTME-Chip) that consists of a platelet-perfused tumor microenvironment and which recapitulates platelet extravasation and its consequences. By including gene-edited tumors and RNA sequencing, this organ-on-chip revealed that platelets and tumors interact through glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and tumor galectin-3 under shear. Last, as proof of principle of a clinical trial, we showed that a GPVI inhibitor, Revacept, impairs metastatic potential and improves chemotherapy. Since GPVI is an antithrombotic target that does not impair hemostasis, it represents a safe cancer therapeutic. We propose that OTME-Chip could be deployed to study other vascular and hematological targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Saha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Tanmay Mathur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - James J Tronolone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Mithil Chokshi
- Department of Bioengineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Giriraj K Lokhande
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Amirali Selahi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Akhilesh K Gaharwar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M University, College Station TX 77840, USA
| | - Vahid Afshar-Kharghan
- Department of Benign Hematology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA.
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Meneguim AC, Rebello L, Das M, Ravi S, Mathur T, Mankar S, Kharate S, Tipre P, Oswal V, Iyer A, Mansoor H, Kalon S, Garone D, Ferlazzo G, Isaakidis P. Adapting TB services during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mumbai, India. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 24:1119-1121. [PMID: 33126951 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Das
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | - S Ravi
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | - T Mathur
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | - S Mankar
- National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, Mumbai, India
| | - S Kharate
- National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, Mumbai, India
| | - P Tipre
- National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, Mumbai, India
| | - V Oswal
- National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, Mumbai, India
| | - A Iyer
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | | | - S Kalon
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | - D Garone
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Ferlazzo
- Southern Africa Medical Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, Cape Town, South Africa, ,
| | - P Isaakidis
- Southern Africa Medical Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, Cape Town, South Africa, ,
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Ahmed I, Mathur T, Islam AKMM, Plaisier JR, Parisse P, Thomas S, Bal JK. Structure and Elastic Properties of an Unsymmetrical Bi-Heterocyclic Azo Compound in the Langmuir Monolayer and Langmuir-Blodgett Film. ACS Omega 2020; 5:21538-21549. [PMID: 32905463 PMCID: PMC7469395 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We
study the structure and elastic properties of the bi-heterocyclic
azo compound at the air–water interface through surface pressure
(π)–area (A) isotherm recording followed
by transferring them on hydrophilic and hydrophobic Si surfaces by
the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) deposition method. A substantial
change in the area/molecule is observed as a function of subphase
pH and temperature. Such parameters strongly influence intramolecular
interactions within azo molecules and the interactions between azo
molecules and water that manifested in higher surface activity at
low temperature and high pH, which in turn modifies the elasticity
of azo assembly at the air–water interface. A large pH-dependent
hysteresis with negative change in entropy, indicating molecular rearrangements,
is observed. Molecular assembly formed at the air–water interface
is then transferred onto hydrophilic and hydrophobic Si surfaces at
two different surface pressures (5 and 30 mN/m) by the LB technique.
The structural analysis performed by X-ray reflectivity and atomic
force microscopy techniques suggests that the LB films exhibit an
abrupt layered structure on hydrophilic Si, whereas an overall rough
film is formed on hydrophobic Si. The coverage and compactness of
individual layers are found to increase with the deposition pressure
(5 to 30 mN/m).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikbal Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Aliah University, Newtown, Kolkata 700156, India
| | - Tanmay Mathur
- Department of Chemistry, Abhedananda Mahavidyalaya, University of Burdwan, Birbhum, Sainthia, West Bengal 731234, India
| | | | - Jasper R. Plaisier
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Pietro Parisse
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabu Thomas
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, 686560 Kottayam, India
| | - Jayanta Kumar Bal
- Department of Physics, Abhedananda Mahavidyalaya, University of Burdwan, Birbhum, Sainthia, West Bengal 731234, India
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Mathur T, Singh KA, R Pandian NK, Tsai SH, Hein TW, Gaharwar AK, Flanagan JM, Jain A. Organ-on-chips made of blood: endothelial progenitor cells from blood reconstitute vascular thromboinflammation in vessel-chips. Lab Chip 2019; 19:2500-2511. [PMID: 31246211 PMCID: PMC6650325 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00469f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of therapeutic approaches to treat vascular dysfunction and thrombosis at disease- and patient-specific levels is an exciting proposed direction in biomedical research. However, this cannot be achieved with animal preclinical models alone, and new in vitro techniques, like human organ-on-chips, currently lack inclusion of easily obtainable and phenotypically-similar human cell sources. Therefore, there is an unmet need to identify sources of patient primary cells and apply them in organ-on-chips to increase personalized mechanistic understanding of diseases and to assess drugs. In this study, we provide a proof-of-feasibility of utilizing blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) as a disease-specific primary cell source to analyze vascular inflammation and thrombosis in vascular organ-chips or "vessel-chips". These blood-derived BOECs express several factors that confirm their endothelial identity. The vessel-chips are cultured with BOECs from healthy or diabetic patients and form an intact 3D endothelial lumen. Inflammation of the BOEC endothelium with exogenous cytokines reveals vascular dysfunction and thrombosis in vitro similar to in vivo observations. Interestingly, our study with vessel-chips also reveals that unstimulated BOECs of type 1 diabetic pigs show phenotypic behavior of the disease - high vascular dysfunction and thrombogenicity - when compared to control BOECs or normal primary endothelial cells. These results demonstrate the potential of organ-on-chips made from autologous endothelial cells obtained from blood in modeling vascular pathologies and therapeutic outcomes at a disease and patient-specific level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Mathur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Kanwar Abhay Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Navaneeth K R Pandian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Shu-Huai Tsai
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Temple, USA
| | - Travis W Hein
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Temple, USA
| | - Akhilesh K Gaharwar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA. and Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
| | - Jonathan M Flanagan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 101 Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Mathur T, Singhal S, Khan S, Bhateja P, Pandya M, Rattan A, Bhatnagar PK, Upadhyay DJ, Fatma T. Effect of oxazolidinone, RBx 7644 (ranbezolid), on inhibition of staphylococcal adherence to plastic surfaces. J Chemother 2008; 20:420-7. [PMID: 18676219 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2008.20.4.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion to biomaterial is assumed to be a crucial step in the pathogenesis of foreign body infection. Slime producing Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus have emerged as a preeminent cause of nosocomial bacteremia and infections of prosthetic medical devices. We evaluated the time-dependent anti-adhesive effect of RBx 7644 (ranbezolid), vancomycin, linezolid and quinupristin/ dalfopristin on two isolates each of S. epidermidis and S. aureus. Linezolid and quinupristin/ dalfopristin showed inhibition only at supra-inhibitory concentrations (2 and 4X MIC) following 2 and 4 h delayed treatment, whereas RBx 7644 demonstrated significant activity against adhesion of staphylococcal cells that had been treated with 2 to 6 h delay. When vancomycin treatment was delayed by 4 to 6 h, even concentrations above the MIC were unable to prevent adherence. This study indicates that RBx 7644 has anti-adhesion potential and may emerge as an important antibiotic for prevention and treatment of device-related infections caused by staphylococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mathur
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ranbaxy Research Laboratories, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.
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20
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Mondal T, Mathur T, Slawin A, Woollins J, Sinha C. Imidazole→imidazolidine. Preparation by reduction of with NaBH4 and characterisation of the products (PyaiR=1-alkyl-2-{3′-(pyridylazo)}imidazole). J Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Khan S, Singhal S, Mathur T, Upadhyay DJ, Rattan A. Antifungal susceptibility testing method for resource constrained laboratories. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006; 24:171-6. [PMID: 16912435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In resource-constrained laboratories of developing countries determination of antifungal susceptibility testing by NCCLS/CLSI method is not always feasible. We describe herein a simple yet comparable method for antifungal susceptibility testing. METHODS Reference MICs of 72 fungal isolates including two quality control strains were determined by NCCLS/CLSI methods against fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B and cancidas. Dermatophytes were also tested against terbinafine. Subsequently, on selection of optimum conditions, MIC was determined for all the fungal isolates by semisolid antifungal agar susceptibility method in Brain heart infusion broth supplemented with 0.5% agar (BHIA) without oil overlay and results were compared with those obtained by reference NCCLS/CLSI methods. RESULTS Comparable results were obtained by NCCLS/CLSI and semisolid agar susceptibility (SAAS) methods against quality control strains. MICs for 72 isolates did not differ by more than one dilution for all drugs by SAAS. CONCLUSIONS SAAS using BHIA without oil overlay provides a simple and reproducible method for obtaining MICs against yeast, filamentous fungi and dermatophytes in resource-constrained laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Khan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ranbaxy Research Laboratories, Gurgaon - 122 001, Haryana, India.
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Mathur T, Singhal S, Khan S, Upadhyay DJ, Fatma T, Rattan A. Detection of biofilm formation among the clinical isolates of Staphylococci: an evaluation of three different screening methods. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006; 24:25-9. [PMID: 16505551 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.19890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate three methods for detection of biofilm formation in staphylococci. METHODS For detection of biofilm formation, 152 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus spp. were screened by tissue culture plate (TCP), Tube method (TM) and Congo red agar (CRA) method. RESULTS Of the 152 Staphylococcus spp. 88(57.8%) displayed a biofilm-positive phenotype under the optimized conditions in the TCP method and strains were further classified as high 22 (14.47 %) and moderate 60 (39.4 %) while in 70 (46.0 %) isolates weak or no biofilm was detected. Though TM correlated well with the TCP test for 18 (11.8 %) strongly biofilm producing strains, weak producers were difficult to discriminate from biofilm negative isolates. Screening on CRA does not correlate well with either of the two methods for detecting biofilm formation in staphylococci. CONCLUSION The TCP method was found to be most sensitive, accurate and reproducible screening method for detection of biofilm formation by staphylococci and has the advantage of being a quantitative model to study the adherence of staphylococci on biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mathur
- New Drug Discovery Research, Ranbaxy Research Laboratories, Gurgaon-122 001, Haryana, India.
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24
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Bhateja P, Mathur T, Pandya M, Fatma T, Rattan A. Activity of blue green microalgae extracts against in vitro generated Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. Fitoterapia 2006; 77:233-5. [PMID: 16556488 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2006.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2005] [Accepted: 01/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Blue green microalgae have been identified as one of the promising groups of organism from which biochemically active natural products have been isolated. Aqueous and organic extracts of nine blue green microalgae strains were screened against in vitro generated vancomycin intermediate resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) strains. Aqueous extracts of all the blue green microalgae cultures were found to be inactive, while all the organic (hexane, chloroform and methanolic) extracts of Anabaena virabilis and Anabaena sp. showed activity against VISA strains with MIC of 32-64 mug/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bhateja
- New Drug Discovery Research, Ranbaxy Research Laboratories, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.
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25
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Mathur T, Singhal S, Khan S, Upadhyay DJ, Fatma T, Rattan A. Detection of biofilm formation among the clinical isolates of Staphylococci: An evaluation of three different screening methods. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.19890 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)02466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Bhateja P, Mathur T, Pandya M, Fatma T, Rattan A. Detection of vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a comparative study of three different phenotypic screening methods. Indian J Med Microbiol 2005; 23:52-5. [PMID: 15928424 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.13875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate screening methodologies, to detect Staphylococcus aureus strains with decreased susceptibility to vancomycin. Three methods were used to screen 160 Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates along with ATCC quality control strains. Subsequently, MIC of all these 160 strains were determined by NCCLS methodology. The MIC of all the 160 clinical isolates was < or = 4 microg/mL and were classified as vancomycin susceptible by NCCLS criteria but 23 strains were positive by Hiramatshu method, two grew on MHA (5 microg/mL vancomycin) while CDC method correctly identified no vancomycin intermediate S.aureus (VISA) or vancomycin resistant S.aureus (VRSA) strains with reference to there MIC. CDC method was found to be the most appropriate screening methodology for detection of VISA or VRSA for diagnostic laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bhateja
- Department of Microbiology, Ranbaxy Research Laboratories, R and D II, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar Industrial Area, Gurgaon 122 001, Haryana, India
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Mathur T, Ray U, Liou JC, Wu J, Lu TH, Sinha C. Manganese(II) complexes of pyridyl-azo-imidazoles. Single crystal X-ray structures of 3′-PyaiH and [Mn(3′- PyaiEt)4](ClO4)2 (3′-PyaiH=2-(3′-pyridylazo)imidazole; 3′-PyaiEt=1-ethyl-2-(3′-pyridylazo)imidazole). Polyhedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2005.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Singhal S, Mathur T, Khan S, Upadhyay DJ, Chugh S, Gaind R, Rattan A. EVALUATION OF METHODS FOR AMPC β-LACTAMASE IN GRAM NEGATIVE CLINICAL ISOLATES FROM TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS. Indian J Med Microbiol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)02652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bhateja P, Mathur T, Pandya M, Fatma T, Rattan A. DETECTION OF VANCOMYCIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THREE DIFFERENT PHENOTYPIC SCREENING METHODS. Indian J Med Microbiol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)02714-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Singhal S, Mathur T, Khan S, Upadhyay DJ, Chugh S, Gaind R, Rattan A. Evaluation of Methods for AmpC Beta-Lactamase in Gram Negative Clinical Isolates from Tertiary Care Hospitals. Indian J Med Microbiol 2005; 23:120-4. [PMID: 15928443 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.16053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to simultaneously screen for Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC beta-lactamases in gram negative clinical isolates from four tertiary care hospitals and further to compare two detection methods three-dimensional extraction method and AmpC disk test for AmpC beta-lactamases. A total of 272 isolates were screened for ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase by modified double disk approximation method (MDDM). Synergy observed between disks of ceftazidime/cefotaxime and clavulanate were considered as ESBL producer. Isolates showing reduced susceptibility to either of the test drugs (ceftazidime or cefotaxime) and cefoxitin were considered as presumptive AmpC producers and further confirmed by three-dimensional extraction method and AmpC disk test. A total of 173 (64%) of the isolates were found to be ESBL positive and 61 (23%) showed resistant to cefoxitin. ESBL was detected in 80 (62%) isolates of E. coli and 71 (73%) of Klebsiella spp. The occurrence of AmpC beta-lactamases was found to be 8% (22) of the total isolates and the two detection methods for AmpC beta-lactamase showed concordant results. Screening for ESBL and AmpC can be simultaneously done by MDDM method and confirmation for AmpC beta-lactamase should be carried out routinely in tertiary care hospitals by AmpC disk test, as it is a simple and rapid procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Singhal
- New Drug Discovery Research, Ranbaxy Research Laboratories, Gurgaon - 122 001, India
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Mathur T, Jasimuddin S, Milton H, Woollins J, Sinha C. First example of mixed azoheterocycles: structural studies of metallo-macrocycle Ag(I) versus tetrahedral Cd(II) complexes of pyridyl-azo-imidazole. Inorganica Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2004.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Scatter and veiling glare are predominant sources of error in videodensitometric iodine quantification. Standard beam stop techniques such as lead strips or an array of lead discs, placed before the patients, have previously been used to measure scatter and veiling glare in digital radiographic images. However, these techniques significantly increase patient x-ray exposure. In order to overcome this limitation, a scatter measurement technique based on sampled primary intensity has been investigated. This technique uses an array of apertures in a lead sheet to sample the primary x-ray intensity. The scatter-glare intensity in these locations is calculated by subtracting the sampled primary intensity from an open field image which contains both primary and scatter-glare. The calculated scatter-glare values can be interpolated or combined with digital filtration to estimate the scatter-glare intensity on a pixel by pixel basis. The technique was evaluated using a Lucite step phantom and an anthropomorphic chest phantom. The average rms percentage errors of scatter and veiling glare estimation using bi-cubic interpolation and digital filtration techniques were 8.02% and 7.53%, respectively. The average rms percentage errors of primary intensity estimation using bi-cubic interpolation and digital filtration techniques were 10.01% and 8.91%, respectively. The x-ray exposure-area product (EAP) from the aperture array was only 4.38% of the EAP from the open field. These results indicate that the scatter-glare intensity can be accurately estimated with minimal x-ray exposure using sampled primary intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhou
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
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Fagan AM, Holtzman DM, Munson G, Mathur T, Schneider D, Chang LK, Getz GS, Reardon CA, Lukens J, Shah JA, LaDu MJ. Unique lipoproteins secreted by primary astrocytes from wild type, apoE (-/-), and human apoE transgenic mice. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:30001-7. [PMID: 10514484 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.42.30001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Composition of central nervous system lipoproteins affects the metabolism of lipoprotein constituents within the brain. The epsilon4 allele of apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease via an unknown mechanism(s). As glia are the primary central nervous system cell type that synthesize apoE, we characterized lipoproteins secreted by astrocytes from wild type (WT), apoE (-/-), and apoE transgenic mice expressing human apoE3 or apoE4 in a mouse apoE (-/-) background. Nondenaturing size exclusion chromatography demonstrates that WT, apoE3, and apoE4 astrocytes secrete particles the size of plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) composed of phospholipid, free cholesterol, and protein, primarily apoE and apoJ. However, the lipid:apoE ratio of particles containing human apoE is significantly lower than WT. ApoE localizes across HDL-like particle sizes. ApoJ localizes to the smallest HDL-like particles. ApoE (-/-) astrocytes secrete little phospholipid or free cholesterol despite comparable apoJ expression, suggesting that apoE is required for normal secretion of astrocyte lipoproteins. Further, particles were not detected in apoE (-/-) samples by electron microscopy. Nondenaturing immunoprecipitation experiments indicate that apoE and apoJ reside predominantly on distinct particles. These studies suggest that apoE expression influences the unique structure of astrocyte lipoproteins, a process further modified by apoE species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Fagan
- Center for the Study of Nervous System Injury, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
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Molloi S, Bednarz G, Tang J, Zhou Y, Mathur T. Absolute volumetric coronary blood flow measurement with digital subtraction angiography. Int J Card Imaging 1998; 14:137-45. [PMID: 9813749 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006059709539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The problems associated with visual interpretation of coronary arteriograms have been well-documented. There is a need for more physiologic means of assessing coronary artery stenosis during routine coronary arteriography. Volumetric coronary blood flow assessed as a function of time can be a valuable aid in the analysis of functional significance of arterial obstruction. A volumetric coronary blood flow measurement technique was investigated in a swine animal model using phase matched temporal subtraction images. The left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery of swine animal models were instrumented with an ultrasound flow probe (US) and a vascular occluder producing stenosis. Contrast material injections (2-4 ml/sec for 3 sec) were made into the left coronary ostium during image acquisition. Phase-matched temporal subtraction (DSA) images were used to measure volumetric coronary blood flow in the LAD. In addition, a technique for automatic estimation of iodine calibration slope was also investigated. In 49 independent comparisons, the mean coronary blood flow (FPA) correlated extremely well with the mean US flow (FPA = 0.92US + 1.42 ml/min, r = 0.99, standard error of estimate (SEE) = 4.32 ml/min). Further more, the automatic iodine calibration technique was shown to be very accurate. In conclusion, accurate volumetric coronary blood flow measurements can be made before the onset of significant changes in coronary blood flow due to contrast injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Molloi
- Department of Radiological Sciences University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
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Mathur T, Mukherjee SN. Signature inversion and change in triaxiality in 159Tm and 159Er. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1994; 49:142-148. [PMID: 9969207 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.49.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Mathur T, Mukherjee S. Interpretation of backbending in 100Mo in a cranked Nilsson model with pairing. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1991; 44:909-911. [PMID: 9967480 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.44.909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Ramakrishnan S, Atodaria V, Kanther DK, Sharma DC, Parihar PS, Mathur T. Iniencephaly with cyclopia and microstomia. J Indian Med Assoc 1990; 88:289, 293. [PMID: 2090688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Murdia A, Dhruva AK, Mathur T, Dube MK. Study of sperm antibodies in the sera of vasectomized males. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 1985; 28:355-61. [PMID: 3833729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Agarwal N, Mathur T, Gupta N, Sharma V, Agarwal RK. Role of intra-amniotic instillation of betamethasone in prolonged pregnancy. Indian J Med Res 1981; 73:335-41. [PMID: 7275229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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