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Davico C, Rossi Ghiglione A, Lonardelli E, Di Franco F, Ricci F, Marcotulli D, Graziano F, Begotti T, Amianto F, Calandri E, Tirocchi S, Carlotti EG, Lenzi M, Vitiello B, Mazza M, Caroppo E. Performing Arts in Suicide Prevention Strategies: A Scoping Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14948. [PMID: 36429666 PMCID: PMC9690866 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is a leading cause of death all over the world. Suicide prevention is possible and should be pursued through a variety of strategies. The importance of the arts for positive health outcomes has been increasingly evidenced. This scoping review aimed to identify the possible role of the performing arts-defined as a type of art performed through actions such as music, dance, or drama executed alive by an artist or other participant in the presence of an audience,-in suicide prevention programs. PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest Psychology Database, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched using terms in English for publications of original studies that included performing arts in suicide prevention programs. Thirty-five studies conducted between 1981 and 2021 were identified, of which only five were randomized clinical trials and four quasi-randomized studies. Interventions used different performing arts to improve awareness, self-efficacy, and soft skills relevant to suicide prevention. Studies were addressed mainly to gatekeepers but also directly to at-risk populations. While the study designs do not allow inferences to be drawn about the effectiveness of performing arts in preventing suicide, the review found that performing arts have been successfully implemented in suicide prevention programs. Research to evaluate the possible therapeutic benefit is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Davico
- Section of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Elena Lonardelli
- Section of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Franco
- Section of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Ricci
- Section of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Marcotulli
- Section of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Tatiana Begotti
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Amianto
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Simona Tirocchi
- Department of Philosophy and Education Sciences, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Lenzi
- Department of Humanities, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | - Benedetto Vitiello
- Section of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | - Marianna Mazza
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Caroppo
- Department of Mental Health, Local Health Authority Roma 2, 00159 Rome, Italy
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Begotti T, Ghigo MA, Acquadro Maran D. Victims of Known and Unknown Cyberstalkers: A Questionnaire Survey in an Italian Sample. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19084883. [PMID: 35457750 PMCID: PMC9029310 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyberstalking is a behavior in which an individual, group, or organization uses information technology to harass one or more people, with possible consequences for the victims. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of cyberstalking in terms of physical and emotional consequences, depression, anxiety symptoms, attitudes toward telling of cyberstalking experiences, and coping strategies, comparing young adult victims of known cyberstalkers with those harassed by strangers. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 689 individuals. Of these, 242 victims were included in the analysis: 115 victims of unknown (UC) and 127 of known cyberstalkers (KC). The results emphasize that victims of KC more often reported fatigue as a physical symptom and sadness and lack of trust in others as emotional symptoms. In addition, scores for depressive symptoms and anxiety did not differ significantly between the two groups, whereas significantly higher scores for trait anxiety were found among victims of KC. Finally, victims of KC were significantly more inclined to use alcohol and drugs, reduce social contact with friends, buy a weapon, and try to reason with the cyberstalker, while victims of UC were more inclined to block online contact and ask a social network administrator to intervene. Implications of the findings were discussed, such as the need to intervene immediately and to promote victims’ ability to seek help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Begotti
- Department of Psychology, Università di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (T.B.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Mariano Alex Ghigo
- Department of Psychology, Università di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (T.B.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Daniela Acquadro Maran
- Department of Psychology, Università di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (T.B.); (M.A.G.)
- WOW-Work and Organizational Wellbeing Research Group, 10124 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Calandri E, Graziano F, Begotti T, Cattelino E, Gattino S, Rollero C, Fedi A. Adjustment to COVID-19 Lockdown Among Italian University Students: The Role of Concerns, Change in Peer and Family Relationships and in Learning Skills, Emotional, and Academic Self-Efficacy on Depressive Symptoms. Front Psychol 2021; 12:643088. [PMID: 34489777 PMCID: PMC8416775 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In Italy strict containment measures against COVID-19 pandemic were implemented from March to May 2020 with home confinement and schools and universities closed. Students shifted to remote learning, experienced a forced isolation from peers and an increased sharing of time and spaces with the family. The influence of these aspects on the psychological adjustment of university students is largely unexplored. This paper was aimed at investigating the role of some correlates of depressive symptoms specific to the lockdown condition experienced by young university students, namely contagion concern, perceived worsening of family, and peer relationships and perceived worsening of learning skills. Moreover, the possible mediating effects of emotional and academic self-efficacy in these relationships were examined. Data were collected from 296 Italian university students (aged 18–25 years; 83% female students) through an online survey by means of a snowball sampling methodology in May 2020. Significant depressive symptoms were reported by 67% of participants. Contagion concerns were related to depressive symptoms through the mediating effect of emotional self-efficacy. Worsening of learning skills was related to depressive symptoms through the mediating effect of academic self-efficacy. Depressive symptoms were directly related to worsening of family relationships but unrelated to worsening of peer relationships. Results are discussed in relation to the need of preventive interventions for this specific population in view of academic activities planning in the post-COVID 19 period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tatiana Begotti
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Cattelino
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Aosta Valley, Aosta, Italy
| | - Silvia Gattino
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Rollero
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Angela Fedi
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Maran DA, Begotti T. Media Exposure to Climate Change, Anxiety, and Efficacy Beliefs in a Sample of Italian University Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18179358. [PMID: 34501946 PMCID: PMC8431103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The climate crisis poses a serious threat to the health and well-being of individuals. For many, climate change knowledge is derived from indirect exposure to information transmitted through the media. Such content can elicit a variety of emotional responses, including anger, sadness, despair, fear, and guilt. Worry and anxiety are especially common responses, usually referred to as “climate anxiety”. The main objectives of this study were to analyze how exposure to climate change through the media relates to climate anxiety and individual and collective self-efficacy, and to evaluate the relationship between climate anxiety and efficacy beliefs. A total of 312 Italian university students (aged 18–26 years) participated in the research by filling out an anonymous questionnaire. Participants reported being exposed several times per week to information about climate change, especially from social media, newspapers, and television programs. Moreover, the results showed that the attention paid to information about climate change was not only positively related to climate anxiety, but also to individual and collective self-efficacy. Most notably, participants’ efficacy beliefs were found to be positively related to climate anxiety. This somewhat controversial finding stresses that, in the context of pro-environmental behavior changes, a moderate level of anxiety could engender feelings of virtue, encouraging people to rethink actions with negative ecological impacts.
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Cattelino E, Testa S, Calandri E, Fedi A, Gattino S, Graziano F, Rollero C, Begotti T. Self-efficacy, subjective well-being and positive coping in adolescents with regard to Covid-19 lockdown. Curr Psychol 2021; 42:1-12. [PMID: 34177208 PMCID: PMC8214713 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The study is aimed at examining the relationship between emotional and self-regulated learning self-efficacy, subjective well-being (SWB) and positive coping among adolescents and youths, during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. 485 Italian students (74% girls; mean age 19.3) filled in an online questionnaire during the lockdown period. The hypothesized model in which both the forms of self-efficacy were predictors of SWB and positive coping, and SWB partially mediated the relation between self-efficacy measures and positive coping was tested by means of Structural equation modeling. Results largely supported the hypothesized relationships and suggested paying special attention to adolescents' self-efficacy in regulating basic negative emotions, in order to promote positive coping strategies to face challenges coming from everyday life and from non-normative events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cattelino
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Valle d’Aosta, strada Cappuccini 2a – 11100, Aosta, Italy
| | - Silvia Testa
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Valle d’Aosta, strada Cappuccini 2a – 11100, Aosta, Italy
| | - Emanuela Calandri
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, via Verdi 10 - 10124, Torino, Italy
| | - Angela Fedi
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, via Verdi 10 - 10124, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Gattino
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, via Verdi 10 - 10124, Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Graziano
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, via Verdi 10 - 10124, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Rollero
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, via Verdi 10 - 10124, Torino, Italy
| | - Tatiana Begotti
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, via Verdi 10 - 10124, Torino, Italy
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Calandri E, Graziano F, Testa S, Cattelino E, Begotti T. Empathy and Depression Among Early Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Parental Support. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1447. [PMID: 31316426 PMCID: PMC6610578 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early adolescence is a period of development of emotional competence, but also of increasing vulnerability for the onset of depressive symptoms. While literature underscored that empathy promotes social relationships and psychological well-being over the life course, the possible role of high empathy levels as a risk factor for depression has been under investigated, especially among early adolescents. Moreover, although parenting practices are known to influence both empathy and depression in adolescence, few studies investigated if parenting moderates the relationship between empathy and depression. Therefore, the aims of the study were: (1) to investigate the relationships between affective and cognitive empathy and depression; (2) to investigate the moderating role of perceived paternal and maternal support on the associations between affective and cognitive empathy and depression; (3) to examine if the relationships among affective and cognitive empathy, maternal and paternal support and depression vary as a function of early adolescents' gender. The study involved 386 Italian students aged between 12 and 14 (M age = 13, SD = 0.3, 47.9% girls) who completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire, including measures of cognitive and affective empathy, paternal and maternal support and depression. Results showed that with a mean level of affective and cognitive empathy, higher maternal support was related to lower depression for girls, whereas higher paternal support was related to lower depression for both boys and girls. Both maternal and paternal support moderated the relation between empathy and depression. In particular, maternal support moderated the non-linear relation between affective empathy and depression and the relation was further moderated by early adolescents' gender: boys with low affective empathy reported lower depression in a context of high maternal support. Paternal support moderated the linear relation between cognitive empathy and depression, independently of early adolescents' gender: boys and girls with high cognitive empathy reported higher depression in a context of low paternal support. The results of the study suggested that high empathy might be a risk factor for depression during early adolescence and mothers and fathers have a differential moderating role in relation to the affective and cognitive dimensions of empathy, also in relation to early adolescents' gender.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Silvia Testa
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Cattelino
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Aosta Valley, Aosta, Italy
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Begotti T, Tirassa M, Acquadro Maran D. Pre-Service Teachers' Intervention in School Bullying Episodes with Special Education Needs Students: A Research in Italian and Greek Samples. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E1908. [PMID: 30200541 PMCID: PMC6165014 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: The aim of the study was to compare the level of self-confidence in dealing with problems at school, the attitude towards bullying situations and the recommended strategies to cope with bullying in two samples of pre-service teachers (PSTs). The PSTs were in training to become teachers with special education needs students (SEN) and came from two different countries (Italy and Greece). Methods: A questionnaire survey was made involving 110 Italian and 84 Greek PSTs. Results: The results about self-confidence showed that Greek PSTs had lower outcome expectations and a higher external locus of causality than Italian PSTs. Teachers' training programs and school preventive intervention were also discussed. Conclusions: Because the participants in this investigation will be teachers in the near future, they require specific training on bullying in general and in students with SEN in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Begotti
- Department of Psychology, Università di Torino, Via Verdi 10⁻10124 Torino I, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Tirassa
- Department of Psychology, Università di Torino, Via Verdi 10⁻10124 Torino I, Italy.
- Center of Cognitive Science, Università di Torino, Via Po 14⁻10123 Torino I, Italy.
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Borca G, Rabaglietti E, Roggero A, Keller P, Haak E, Begotti T. Personal Values as a Mediator of Relations Between Perceived Parental Support and Control and Youth Substance Use. Subst Use Misuse 2017; 52:1589-1601. [PMID: 28524739 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1293103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco and marijuana smoking are very popular in adolescence and there is a high rate of comorbidity between them, even in young adulthood. Parental support and control may hinder involvement in the use of these substances by promoting conventional values among adolescents. OBJECTIVES The present study investigates the relations between family functioning (parental support and control) and psychoactive substance use (tobacco and marijuana smoking) and determines whether these relationships are mediated by personal values (in terms of disapproval of deviance and beliefs about the importance of school, health and religion). METHODS 175 Italian late adolescents (17 to 20 years old) participated in this two-wave longitudinal study. Data were collected at school through an anonymous questionnaire. RESULTS Greater parental control and support were directly associated with lower adolescent tobacco and marijuana use; adolescent acceptance of conventional values mediated the association between parenting and adolescent marijuana use. CONCLUSION Findings emphasize the influence of family relationships throughout adolescence. The transmission of conventional values to adolescents may be a critical mechanism through which parenting protects adolescents from substance use, especially marijuana use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Borca
- a Department of Psychology , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | | | | | - Peggy Keller
- b Department of Psychology , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA
| | - Eric Haak
- b Department of Psychology , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA
| | - Tatiana Begotti
- a Department of Psychology , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
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Rabaglietti E, Roggero A, Begotti T, Borca G, Ciairano S. Family Functioning's Contributions to Values and Group Participation in Italian Late Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study. J Prev Interv Community 2012; 40:37-48. [DOI: 10.1080/10852352.2012.633066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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