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Cheuy VA, Dayton MR, Hogan CA, Graber J, Anair BM, Voigt TB, Nelms NJ, Stevens-Lapsley JE, Toth MJ. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation preserves muscle strength early after total knee arthroplasty: Effects on muscle fiber size. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:787-792. [PMID: 35856287 PMCID: PMC9852352 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Loss of quadriceps strength after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is most pronounced acutely but persists long-term, negatively impacting physical function in daily activities. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) early after surgery is an effective adjuvant to standard of care rehabilitation (SOC) for attenuating strength loss following TKA, but the mechanisms whereby NMES maintains strength are unclear. This work aimed to determine the effects of early NMES on quadriceps strength and skeletal muscle fiber size 2 weeks after TKA compared to SOC. Patients scheduled for primary, unilateral TKA were enrolled and randomized into SOC (n = 9) or NMES plus SOC (n = 10) groups. NMES was started within 48 h of TKA, with 45-min sessions twice a day for 2 weeks. Isometric quadriceps strength was assessed preoperatively and 2 weeks following TKA. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies of the involved leg were performed at the same time points and immunohistochemistry conducted to assess muscle fiber cross-sectional area and distinguish fiber types. Groups did not differ in age, body mass index, sex distribution, or preoperative strength. Both groups got weaker postoperatively, but the NMES group had higher normalized strength. After 2 weeks, the group receiving NMES and SOC had significantly greater MHC IIA and MHC IIA/IIX fiber size compared to SOC alone, with no group differences in MHC I fiber size. These results suggest that NMES mitigates early muscle weakness following TKA, in part, via effects on fast-twitch, type II muscle fiber size. This investigation advances our understanding of how adjuvant, early postoperative NMES aids muscle strength recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor A Cheuy
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael R Dayton
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Craig A Hogan
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeremy Graber
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Eastern Colorado Healthcare System, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Bradley M Anair
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Thomas B Voigt
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Nathaniel J Nelms
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Jennifer E Stevens-Lapsley
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Eastern Colorado Healthcare System, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael J Toth
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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2
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Ricciardi MJ, Rust LN, Pedreño-Lopez N, Yusova S, Biswas S, Webb GM, Gonzalez-Nieto L, Voigt TB, Louw JJ, Laurino FD, DiBello JR, Raué HP, Barber-Axthelm AM, Chun K, Uttke S, Raphael LMS, Yrizarry-Medina A, Rosen BC, Agnor R, Gao L, Labriola C, Axthelm M, Smedley J, Julander JG, Bonaldo MC, Walker LM, Messaoudi I, Slifka MK, Burton DR, Kallas EG, Sacha JB, Watkins DI, Burwitz BJ. Therapeutic neutralizing monoclonal antibody administration protects against lethal yellow fever virus infection. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade5795. [PMID: 36989376 PMCID: PMC10617428 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade5795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a reemerging global health threat, driven by several factors, including increased spread of the mosquito vector and rapid urbanization. Although a prophylactic vaccine exists, vaccine hesitancy, supply deficits, and distribution difficulties leave specific populations at risk of severe YFV disease, as evidenced by recent outbreaks in South America. To establish a treatment for patients with severe YFV infection, we tested 37 YFV-specific monoclonal antibodies isolated from vaccinated humans and identified two capable of potently neutralizing multiple pathogenic primary YFV isolates. Using both hamster and nonhuman primate models of lethal YFV infection, we demonstrate that a single administration of either of these two potently neutralizing antibodies during acute infection fully controlled viremia and prevented severe disease and death in treated animals. Given the potential severity of YFV-induced disease, our results show that these antibodies could be effective in saving lives and fill a much-needed void in managing YFV cases during outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Ricciardi
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- George Washington University, 2121 I St. NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Lauren N. Rust
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Nuria Pedreño-Lopez
- George Washington University, 2121 I St. NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra. del Canyet SN, Badalona 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sofiya Yusova
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Sreya Biswas
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Gabriela M. Webb
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | | | - Thomas B. Voigt
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- George Washington University, 2121 I St. NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Johan J. Louw
- George Washington University, 2121 I St. NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | | | - John R. DiBello
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Raué
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Aaron M. Barber-Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Kimberly Chun
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Samantha Uttke
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Lidiane M. S. Raphael
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Brandon C. Rosen
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Rebecca Agnor
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Lina Gao
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Caralyn Labriola
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Michael Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jeremy Smedley
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Justin G. Julander
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Myrna C. Bonaldo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Mark K. Slifka
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Dennis R. Burton
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Esper G. Kallas
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonah B. Sacha
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - David I. Watkins
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- George Washington University, 2121 I St. NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
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3
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Zhao F, Berndsen ZT, Pedreño-Lopez N, Burns A, Allen JD, Barman S, Lee WH, Chakraborty S, Gnanakaran S, Sewall LM, Ozorowski G, Limbo O, Song G, Yong P, Callaghan S, Coppola J, Weisgrau KL, Lifson JD, Nedellec R, Voigt TB, Laurino F, Louw J, Rosen BC, Ricciardi M, Crispin M, Desrosiers RC, Rakasz EG, Watkins DI, Andrabi R, Ward AB, Burton DR, Sok D. Molecular insights into antibody-mediated protection against the prototypic simian immunodeficiency virus. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5236. [PMID: 36068229 PMCID: PMC9446601 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32783-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SIVmac239 infection of macaques is a favored model of human HIV infection. However, the SIVmac239 envelope (Env) trimer structure, glycan occupancy, and the targets and ability of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to protect against SIVmac239 remain unknown. Here, we report the isolation of SIVmac239 nAbs that recognize a glycan hole and the V1/V4 loop. A high-resolution structure of a SIVmac239 Env trimer-nAb complex shows many similarities to HIV and SIVcpz Envs, but with distinct V4 features and an extended V1 loop. Moreover, SIVmac239 Env has a higher glycan shield density than HIV Env that may contribute to poor or delayed nAb responses in SIVmac239-infected macaques. Passive transfer of a nAb protects macaques from repeated intravenous SIVmac239 challenge at serum titers comparable to those described for protection of humans against HIV infection. Our results provide structural insights for vaccine design and shed light on antibody-mediated protection in the SIV model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhu Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Zachary T Berndsen
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Nuria Pedreño-Lopez
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Alison Burns
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Joel D Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Shawn Barman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Wen-Hsin Lee
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Srirupa Chakraborty
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Sandrasegaram Gnanakaran
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Leigh M Sewall
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Oliver Limbo
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI, New York, NY, 10004, USA
| | - Ge Song
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Peter Yong
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Sean Callaghan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jessica Coppola
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Kim L Weisgrau
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Rebecca Nedellec
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Thomas B Voigt
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Fernanda Laurino
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Johan Louw
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Brandon C Rosen
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Michael Ricciardi
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ronald C Desrosiers
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Eva G Rakasz
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - David I Watkins
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Raiees Andrabi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Andrew B Ward
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Dennis R Burton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Devin Sok
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- IAVI, New York, NY, 10004, USA.
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4
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Toth MJ, Savage PD, Voigt TB, Anair BM, Bunn JY, Smith IB, Tourville TW, Blankstein M, Stevens-Lapsley J, Nelms NJ. Effects of total knee arthroplasty on skeletal muscle structure and function at the cellular, organellar, and molecular levels. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 133:647-660. [PMID: 35900327 PMCID: PMC9467475 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00323.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an important treatment option for knee osteoarthritis (OA) that improves self-reported pain and physical function, but objectively measured physical function typically remains reduced for years after surgery due, in part, to precipitous reductions in lower extremity neuromuscular function early after surgery. The present study examined intrinsic skeletal muscle adaptations during the first 5 weeks post-TKA to identify skeletal muscle attributes that may contribute to functional disability. Patients with advanced stage knee OA were evaluated prior to TKA and 5 weeks after surgery. Biopsies of the vastus lateralis were performed to assess muscle fiber size, contractility, and mitochondrial content, along with assessments of whole muscle size and function. TKA was accompanied by marked reductions in whole muscle size and strength. At the fiber (i.e., cellular) level, TKA caused profound muscle atrophy that was approximately twofold higher than that observed at the whole muscle level. TKA markedly reduced muscle fiber force production, contractile velocity, and power production, with force deficits persisting in myosin heavy chain (MHC) II fibers after expression relative to fiber size. Molecular level assessments suggest reduced strongly bound myosin-actin cross bridges and myofilament lattice stiffness as a mechanism underlying reduced force per unit fiber size. Finally, marked reductions in mitochondrial content were apparent and more prominent in the subsarcolemmal compartment. Our study represents the most comprehensive evaluation of skeletal muscle cellular adaptations to TKA and uncovers novel effects of TKA on muscle fiber size and intrinsic contractility early after surgery that may contribute to functional disability.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We report the first evaluation of the effects of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on skeletal muscle at the cellular and subcellular levels. We found marked effects of TKA to cause skeletal muscle fiber atrophy and contractile dysfunction in older adults, as well as molecular mechanisms underlying impaired contractility. Our results reveal profound effects of TKA on muscle fiber size and intrinsic contractility early after surgery that may contribute to functional disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Toth
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Patrick D Savage
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Thomas B Voigt
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Bradley M Anair
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Janice Y Bunn
- Department of Medical Biostatistics, College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Isaac B Smith
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Timothy W Tourville
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Michael Blankstein
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Jennifer Stevens-Lapsley
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Nathaniel J Nelms
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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5
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Tourville TW, Voigt TB, Choquette RH, Failla MJ, Endres NK, Slauterbeck JR, Beynnon BD, Toth MJ. Skeletal muscle cellular contractile dysfunction after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction contributes to quadriceps weakness at 6-month follow-up. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:727-737. [PMID: 33969521 PMCID: PMC8578585 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Muscle dysfunction following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) may evolve from alterations in muscle contractility at the myofilament protein level. Using a prospective, within-subject case-control design, we evaluated cellular-level contractility, cross-sectional area (CSA), and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression on single muscle fibers 3 weeks post ACLR, and evaluated their relationship to whole muscle strength and patient-oriented outcomes 6 months post operation. Biopsies of the vastus lateralis were performed 3 weeks post ACLR in 11 subjects (5 females, mean age ± SD = 24.7 ± 6.5 years, height = 172.7 ± 8.2 cm, mass = 75.7 ± 12.5 kg) following first-time ACL rupture and whole muscle strength and self-reported pain, function, and quality of life assessed 6 months post ACLR. At 3 weeks post ACLR, force production was reduced (p < 0.01) in MHC I (-36%) and IIA (-48%) fibers compared with the non-injured leg. When force production was expressed relative to CSA to account for fiber atrophy, reductions remained in MHC IIA fibers (-40%; p < 0.001), but MHC I fibers showed only a trend toward being lower (-13%; p = 0.09). Finally, skeletal muscle fiber functional deficits at 3 weeks post ACLR were associated with whole muscle weakness and less favorable patient-reported outcomes at 6-month follow-up. Thus, ACLR promotes early cellular contractile dysfunction that may contribute to decreased whole muscle strength and patient function, and increased patient-reported symptoms, at 6-month follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W. Tourville
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Thomas B. Voigt
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Rebecca H. Choquette
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Mathew J. Failla
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Nathan K. Endres
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - James R. Slauterbeck
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Bruce D. Beynnon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Michael J. Toth
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA,Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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6
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Pedreño-Lopez N, Rosen BC, Flores WJ, Gorman MJ, Voigt TB, Ricciardi MJ, Crosno K, Weisgrau KL, Parks CL, Lifson JD, Alter G, Rakasz EG, Magnani DM, Martins MA, Watkins DI. Non-neutralizing Antibodies May Contribute to Suppression of SIVmac239 Viremia in Indian Rhesus Macaques. Front Immunol 2021; 12:657424. [PMID: 33796119 PMCID: PMC8008062 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.657424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The antiviral properties of broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV are well-documented but no vaccine is currently able to elicit protective titers of these responses in primates. While current vaccine modalities can readily induce non-neutralizing antibodies against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and HIV, the ability of these responses to restrict lentivirus transmission and replication remains controversial. Here, we investigated the antiviral properties of non-neutralizing antibodies in a group of Indian rhesus macaques (RMs) that were vaccinated with vif, rev, tat, nef, and env, as part of a previous study conducted by our group. These animals manifested rapid and durable control of viral replication to below detection limits shortly after SIVmac239 infection. Although these animals had no serological neutralizing activity against SIVmac239 prior to infection, their pre-challenge titers of Env-binding antibodies correlated with control of viral replication. To assess the contribution of anti-Env humoral immune responses to virologic control in two of these animals, we transiently depleted their circulating antibodies via extracorporeal plasma immunoadsorption and inhibition of IgG recycling through antibody-mediated blockade of the neonatal Fc receptor. These procedures reduced Ig serum concentrations by up to 80% and temporarily induced SIVmac239 replication in these animals. Next, we transferred purified total Ig from the rapid controllers into six vaccinated RMs one day before intrarectal challenge with SIVmac239. Although recipients of the hyperimmune anti-SIV Ig fraction were not protected from infection, their peak and chronic phase viral loads were significantly lower than those in concurrent unvaccinated control animals. Together, our results suggest that non-neutralizing Abs may play a role in the suppression of SIVmac239 viremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Pedreño-Lopez
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Brandon C Rosen
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Walter J Flores
- Nonhuman Primate Reagent Resource, MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew J Gorman
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Thomas B Voigt
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Michael J Ricciardi
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Kristin Crosno
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kim L Weisgrau
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Christopher L Parks
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, AIDS Vaccine Design and Development Laboratory, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Eva G Rakasz
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Diogo M Magnani
- Nonhuman Primate Reagent Resource, MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mauricio A Martins
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL, United States
| | - David I Watkins
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
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Toth MJ, Tourville TW, Voigt TB, Choquette RH, Anair BM, Falcone MJ, Failla MJ, Stevens-Lapslaey JE, Endres NK, Slauterbeck JR, Beynnon BD. Utility of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation to Preserve Quadriceps Muscle Fiber Size and Contractility After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries and Reconstruction: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Blinded Trial. Am J Sports Med 2020; 48:2429-2437. [PMID: 32631074 PMCID: PMC7775613 DOI: 10.1177/0363546520933622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and reconstruction (ACLR) promote quadriceps muscle atrophy and weakness that can persist for years, suggesting the need for more effective rehabilitation programs. Whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can be used to prevent maladaptations in skeletal muscle size and function is unclear. PURPOSE To examine whether early NMES use, started soon after an injury and maintained through 3 weeks after surgery, can preserve quadriceps muscle size and contractile function at the cellular (ie, fiber) level in the injured versus noninjured leg of patients undergoing ACLR. STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS Patients (n = 25; 12 men/13 women) with an acute, first-time ACL rupture were randomized to NMES (5 d/wk) or sham (simulated microcurrent electrical nerve stimulation; 5 d/wk) treatment to the quadriceps muscles of their injured leg. Bilateral biopsies of the vastus lateralis were performed 3 weeks after surgery to measure skeletal muscle fiber size and contractility. Quadriceps muscle size and strength were assessed 6 months after surgery. RESULTS A total of 21 patients (9 men/12 women) completed the trial. ACLR reduced single muscle fiber size and contractility across all fiber types (P < .01 to P < .001) in the injured compared with noninjured leg 3 weeks after surgery. NMES reduced muscle fiber atrophy (P < .01) through effects on fast-twitch myosin heavy chain (MHC) II fibers (P < .01 to P < .001). NMES preserved contractility in slow-twitch MHC I fibers (P < .01 to P < .001), increasing maximal contractile velocity (P < .01) and preserving power output (P < .01), but not in MHC II fibers. Differences in whole muscle strength between groups were not discerned 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSION Early NMES use reduced skeletal muscle fiber atrophy in MHC II fibers and preserved contractility in MHC I fibers. These results provide seminal, cellular-level data demonstrating the utility of the early use of NMES to beneficially modify skeletal muscle maladaptations to ACLR. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our results provide the first comprehensive, cellular-level evidence to show that the early use of NMES mitigates early skeletal muscle maladaptations to ACLR. REGISTRATION NCT02945553 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Toth
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA,Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Timothy W. Tourville
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA,Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Thomas B. Voigt
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Rebecca H. Choquette
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Bradley M. Anair
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Michael J. Falcone
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Mathew J. Failla
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Nathan K. Endres
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - James R. Slauterbeck
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Bruce D. Beynnon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Straight CR, Voigt TB, Jala AV, Chase JD, Ringham OR, Ades PA, Toth MJ, Miller MS. Quadriceps Lipid Content Has Sex-Specific Associations With Whole-Muscle, Cellular, and Molecular Contractile Function in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 74:1879-1886. [PMID: 30428006 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased adiposity is associated with reduced skeletal muscle function in older adults, but the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. To explore whether skeletal muscle properties track with adiposity, whole-muscle, cellular, and molecular function were examined in relation to adiposity measured at various anatomical levels in healthy older (60-80 years) men and women. Although women had greater absolute and relative body and thigh fat than men, quadriceps muscle attenuation, an index of intramuscular lipid content, was similar between sexes. At the whole-muscle level, greater quadriceps attenuation was associated with reduced knee extensor function in women, but not men. In women, decreased myosin heavy chain I and IIA fiber-specific force was associated with higher intramuscular lipid content, which may be explained, in part, by the reduced myofilament lattice stiffness found in myosin heavy chain IIA fibers. Longer myosin attachment times in myosin heavy chain I fibers from men and women were associated with greater amounts of adipose tissue, suggesting that fat deposits lead to slower myosin-actin cross-bridge kinetics. Our results indicate greater quantities of adipose tissue alter myofilament properties and cross-bridge kinetics, which may partially explain the adiposity-induced decrements in single-fiber and whole-muscle function of older adults, especially women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad R Straight
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Thomas B Voigt
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Anudeep V Jala
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - John D Chase
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Olivia R Ringham
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Philip A Ades
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Michael J Toth
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Mark S Miller
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
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Toth MJ, Voigt TB, Tourville TW, Prior SM, Guigni BA, Schlosberg AV, Smith IB, Forest TJ, Kaufman PA, Wood ME, Rehman H, Dittus K. Effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on skeletal muscle size and function in patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:1654-1665. [PMID: 32378975 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00203.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise has numerous benefits for patients with cancer, but implementation is challenging because of practical and logistical hurdles. This study examined whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can serve as a surrogate for classic exercise by eliciting an exercise training response in skeletal muscle of women diagnosed with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Patients (n = 22) with histologically confirmed stage I, II, or III breast cancer scheduled to receive neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy were randomized to 8 wk of bilateral neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES; 5 days/wk) to their quadriceps muscles or control. Biopsy of the vastus lateralis was performed at baseline and after 8 wk of intervention to assess muscle fiber size, contractility, and mitochondrial content. Seventeen patients (8 control/9 NMES) completed the trial and were included in analyses. NMES promoted muscle fiber hypertrophy (P < 0.001), particularly in fast-twitch, myosin heavy chain (MHC) IIA fibers (P < 0.05) and tended to induce fiber type shifts in MHC II fibers. The effects of NMES on single-muscle fiber contractility were modest, and it was unable to prevent declines in the function in MHC IIA fibers. NMES did not alter intermyofibrillar mitochondrial content/structure but was associated with reductions in subsarcolemmal mitochondria. Our results demonstrate that NMES induces muscle fiber hypertrophy and fiber type shifts in MHC II fibers but had minimal effects on fiber contractility and promoted reductions in subsarcolemmal mitochondria. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the utility of NMES as an exercise surrogate in cancer patients and other conditions.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to evaluate whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can be used as an exercise surrogate to improve skeletal muscle fiber size or function in cancer patients receiving treatment. We show that NMES promoted muscle fiber hypertrophy and fiber type shifts but had minimal effects on single-fiber contractility and reduced subsarcolemmal mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Toth
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Thomas B Voigt
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Timothy W Tourville
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Shannon M Prior
- Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Blas A Guigni
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | | | - Isaac B Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Taylor J Forest
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Peter A Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Marie E Wood
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Hibba Rehman
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Kim Dittus
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.,Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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10
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Murach KA, Dungan CM, Kosmac K, Voigt TB, Tourville TW, Miller MS, Bamman MM, Peterson CA, Toth MJ. Fiber typing human skeletal muscle with fluorescent immunohistochemistry. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:1632-1639. [PMID: 31697594 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00624.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain (MyHC) fiber type composition is a critical determinant of overall muscle function and health. Various approaches interrogate fiber type at the single cell, but the two most commonly utilized are single-muscle fiber sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (smfSDS-PAGE) and fluorescent immunohistochemistry (IHC). Although smfSDS-PAGE is generally considered the "gold standard," IHC is more commonly used because of its time-effectiveness and relative ease. Unfortunately, there is lingering inconsistency on how best to accurately and quickly determine fiber type via IHC and an overall misunderstanding regarding pure fiber type proportions, specifically the abundance of fibers exclusively expressing highly glycolytic MyHC IIX in humans. We therefore 1) present information and data showing the low abundance of pure MyHC IIX muscle fibers in healthy human skeletal muscle and 2) leverage this information to provide straightforward protocols that are informed by human biology and employ inexpensive, easily attainable antibodies for the accurate determination of fiber type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Murach
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Cory M Dungan
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kate Kosmac
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Thomas B Voigt
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine and College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Timothy W Tourville
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Mark S Miller
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Marcas M Bamman
- Departments of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Medicine, and Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Michael J Toth
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine and College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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11
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Voigt TB, Tourville TW, Falcone MJ, Slauterbeck JR, Beynnon BD, Toth MJ. Resistance training-induced gains in knee extensor strength are related to increased neural cell adhesion molecule expression in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:595. [PMID: 31533814 PMCID: PMC6751848 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4642-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Resistance training (RT) can improve whole muscle strength without increasing muscle fiber size or contractility. Neural adaptations, which lead to greater neural activation of muscle, may mediate some of these improvements, particularly in older adults, where motor neuron denervation is common. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of neural adaptations, as reflected by neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) expression, to improvements in (1) whole muscle strength and (2) muscle fiber size following RT in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. We performed whole muscle strength measurements and immunohistochemical analysis of fiber size, type, and NCAM expression before and after a 14-week RT program. Results RT increased whole-muscle strength as measured by 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) leg press (P = 0.01), leg extension (P = 0.03), and knee extensor peak torque (P = 0.050), but did not alter NCAM expression. Greater NCAM expression in myosin heavy chain (MHC) II fibers was associated with greater whole muscle strength gains (knee extensor peak torque r = 0.93; P < 0.01) and greater MHC II fiber size (r = 0.79; P < 0.01). Our results suggest that training-induced NCAM expression, and neural adaptations more generally, may be important for RT-induced morphological and functional improvements in older adults. Trial registration NCT01190046
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Voigt
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Timothy W Tourville
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Michael J Falcone
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - James R Slauterbeck
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Bruce D Beynnon
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Michael J Toth
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA. .,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Health Science Research Facility 126B, 149 Beaumont Ave, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA. .,Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
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Dougherty RF, Quinn LD, Voigt TB, Barney JN. Response of Naturalized and Ornamental Biotypes ofMiscanthus sinensisto Soil-Moisture and Shade Stress. Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2015. [DOI: 10.1656/045.022.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Ahonsi MO, Agindotan BO, Williams DW, Arundale R, Gray ME, Voigt TB, Bradley CA. First Report of Pithomyces chartarum Causing a Leaf Blight of Miscanthus × giganteus in Kentucky. Plant Dis 2010; 94:480. [PMID: 30754507 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-94-4-0480c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Miscanthus × giganteus is a warm-season perennial grass, native to eastern Asia. Brought into the United States as a landscape plant, it is currently being considered as a potential biomass fuel crop. In August 2009, a newly established and a 2-year-old M. × giganteus field research trial near Lexington, KY were found to have 100% incidence of severe leaf blight. Brown, mosaic-like, coalesced necrotic lesions covered leaf blades and sheaths on every stand, ultimately killing some leaves and tillers. The disease was more destructive in the newly established trial where 4- to 5-month-old M. × giganteus tillers were killed. No fruiting bodies were found immediately on diseased leaves. However, surface-disinfested diseased leaf tissue produced a sooty black mass of conidia after 1 week following incubation in a petri dish moisture chamber at 25°C in the dark. Single conidia isolations were made on half-strength potato dextrose agar (HSPDA) amended with 25 mg/liter of rifamycin and incubated at 25°C. Morphological characteristics of the fungus fit those originally described for Pithomyces chartarum (Berk. & Curt.) M.B. Ellis (2). Colonies were fast growing on HSPDA, at first hyaline, then shortly punctiform, grayish black, up to 1-mm diameter, and then became confluent, producing several dark brown multicellular conidia on small peg-like denticles on branched conidiophores. Every detached conidium had a small piece of the denticle attached to its base. The conidia were echinulate, broadly ellipsoidal, pyriform, 18 to 29 × 11 to 18 μm, with three transverse septa, and a longitudinal septum constricted at the transverse septa. The identity of the fungus was confirmed by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. The 615-bp cloned and sequenced amplicon (Accession No. GU195649) was 99% identical to sequences from multiple isolates of Leptosphaerulina chartarum (anamorph Pithomyces chartarum) in the GenBank. Five potted M. × giganteus plants (45 days old) were spray inoculated with an aqueous conidial suspension (2 × 106 conidia/ml) and incubated in one tier of a two-tiered-growth chamber at 86 to 90% relative humidity. Initial incubation was in the dark at 26°C for 48 h, and thereafter at alternating 15 h of light (320 μmol) at 25°C and 9 h of darkness at 23°C. Control plants were sprayed with sterile water and incubated in the second tier of the same growth chamber. A week after inoculation, leaf blight developed on all inoculated plants, but not the controls. P. chartarum was reisolated from infected leaves 2 weeks after inoculation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. chartarum causing a disease on Miscanthus (3). The fungus is cosmopolitan, usually saprophytic, but can cause diseases on a wide range of plants as well as produce mycotoxins (3). It has been reported to cause a leaf spot of smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis) in Nebraska (1) and a leaf blight of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Hungary (4). The observed disease severity suggests P. chartarum could potentially limit M. × giganteus production as an ethanol feedstock. References: (1) C. Eken et al. Plant Dis. 90:108, 2006. (2) M. B. Ellis. Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, England, 1971. (3) D. F. Farr et al. Fungal Databases, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory. Online publication. ARS, USDA, 2010. (4) B. Tóth et al. J. Plant Pathol. 89:405, 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Ahonsi
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - B O Agindotan
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - D W Williams
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546
| | - R Arundale
- Energy Biosciences Institute and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - M E Gray
- Energy Biosciences Institute and Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - T B Voigt
- Energy Biosciences Institute and Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - C A Bradley
- Energy Biosciences Institute and Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
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