1
|
de Jesus AA, Deng Z, Brooks S, Kim H, Montealegre G, Chapelle D, Liu Y, Marrero B, Malle L, O'Brien M, Goodspeed W, Huang Y, Hashkes P, Nasrullayeva G, Terreri MT, Silva C, Arabshahi B, O'Neill K, Punaro M, Moorthy L, Reinhardt A, Lilleby V, Niemela J, Rosenzweig S, Fleisher T, Goldbach-Mansky R. Stratification of patients with autoinflammatory phenotypes by interferon (IFN) score suggests a new group of IFN mediated autoinflammatory diseases with overlapping clinical phenotypes. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2015. [PMCID: PMC4597000 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-13-s1-o35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
2
|
Illei GG, Yarboro CH, Kuroiwa T, Schlimgen R, Austin HA, Tisdale JF, Chitkara P, Fleisher T, Klippel JH, Balow JE, Boumpas DT. Long-term effects of combination treatment with fludarabine and low-dose pulse cyclophosphamide in patients with lupus nephritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007; 46:952-6. [PMID: 17317716 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the safety and efficacy of a short course of fludarabine combined with cyclophoshamide in lupus nephritis. METHODS A phase I/II open label pilot study. Thirteen patients with active proliferative lupus nephritis received monthly oral boluses of low-dose cyclophoshamide (0.5 gm/m(2) on day 1) and subcutaneous fludarabine (30 mg/m(2) on days 1-3) for 3-6 cycles. Concomitant prednisone was aggressively tapered from 0.5 mg/kg/day to a low-dose, alternate-day schedule. Patients were followed for at least 24 months after therapy. The primary outcome was the number of patients achieving renal remission defined as stable creatinine, proteinuria <1 gm/day and inactive urine sediment for at least 6 months. RESULTS The study was terminated early because of bone marrow toxicity. Eleven patients who received at least three cycles were evaluated for efficacy. Ten patients improved markedly with seven patients achieving complete remission and three patients achieving partial remission. There were three serious haematological adverse events during the treatment with one death due to transfusion-associated graft vs host disease. Profound and prolonged CD4 (mean CD4: 98/microl at 7 months and 251/microl at 12 months) and CD20 lymphocytopenia was noted in most patients. Three patients developed Herpes zoster infections. CONCLUSIONS A short course of low-dose fludarabine and cyclophoshamide can induce long-lasting remissions in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis, but severe myelosuppression limits its widespread use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G G Illei
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sportes C, Hakim F, Krumlauf M, Babb R, Fleisher T, Brown M, Engel J, Buffet R, Mackall C, Gress R. Effects of rhIL-7 administration in humans on in vivo expansion of naïve, memory and effector subsets of CD4+ & CD8+ T-cells. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.2504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2504 Background: IL-7 has a critical and non-redundant role in T-cell lymphopoiesis and peripheral T-cell homeostasis. IL-7 administration may prove clinically valuable in conditions of disease induced (HIV) or iatrogenic T-cell depletion and for modulation of vaccine immune responses. In the first phase I study in humans, recombinant human interleukin-7 (“CYT 99–007”, Cytheris Inc., Rockville, MD) was administered subcutaneously every other day for two weeks in adults with refractory malignancies at 3, 10, 30 and 60 μg/kg/dose. Biologic activity, defined as a 50% increase over baseline of peripheral blood CD3+ T-cells, was seen at and above the 10μg/kg/dose in all patients. The kinetics of proliferation and expansion of peripheral blood T-cell subsets were analyzed. Methods: Multicolor flow cytometry was performed at baseline, 1, 2 and 3 weeks. Among CD4+ cells, the most naïve were defined as CD45RA+ /CD31+. Among CD4+ & CD8+ cells, the main naïve, memory and effector populations were defined respectively as CD45RA+/CD27+, CD45RA-/CD27+ and CD45RA-/CD27-. Within each subset, the number of cells in cycle was defined by Ki67 staining. Results: Following IL-7 therapy, there was marked proliferation of all T-cells subsets, peaking at week 1, most striking for the naive subsets with 30–70% of circulating cells induced to cycle. Proliferation rates were halved by week 2 despite continuation of treatment, coincident with the observed down-regulation of the IL-7 receptor. Cycling returned to baseline by week 3. Significant proliferation was also induced in effector and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells but to a lesser magnitude, resulting in a greater net expansion of the naïve subsets, still ongoing one week after the end of treatment. Conclusions: IL-7 administration induces marked expansion of naïve, memory and effector CD4+ & CD8+ T-cells in humans. Consistent with the known down-regulation of the IL-7 receptor upon IL-7 exposure, proliferation rates decrease during the second week of treatment. rhIL-7 induced T-cell expansion may prove clinically valuable in adoptive immunotherapy as an adjunct to tumor vaccination and / or immunorestorative agent. [Table: see text]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Sportes
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; Cytheris, Inc., Rockville, MD
| | - F. Hakim
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; Cytheris, Inc., Rockville, MD
| | - M. Krumlauf
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; Cytheris, Inc., Rockville, MD
| | - R. Babb
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; Cytheris, Inc., Rockville, MD
| | - T. Fleisher
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; Cytheris, Inc., Rockville, MD
| | - M. Brown
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; Cytheris, Inc., Rockville, MD
| | - J. Engel
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; Cytheris, Inc., Rockville, MD
| | - R. Buffet
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; Cytheris, Inc., Rockville, MD
| | - C. Mackall
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; Cytheris, Inc., Rockville, MD
| | - R. Gress
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; Cytheris, Inc., Rockville, MD
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Means-Markwell M, Burgess T, deKeratry D, O'Neil K, Mascola J, Fleisher T, Lucey D. Eosinophilia with aberrant T cells and elevated serum levels of interleukin-2 and interleukin-15. N Engl J Med 2000; 342:1568-71. [PMID: 10824075 DOI: 10.1056/nejm200005253422104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Means-Markwell
- Department of Medicine, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dunbar C, Chang L, Mullen C, Ramsey WJ, Carter C, Kohn D, Parkman R, Lenarsky C, Weinberg K, Wara D, Culver KW, Anderson WF, Leitman S, Fleisher T, Klein H, Shearer G, Clerici M, McGarrity G, Bastian J, Hershfield MS. Amendment to Clinical Research Project. Project 90-C-195. April 1, 1993. Treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) due to adenosine deaminase deficiency with autologous lymphocytes transduced with a human ADA gene. Hum Gene Ther 1999; 10:477-88. [PMID: 10048399 DOI: 10.1089/10430349950018913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Dunbar
- Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, U.S.C. School of Medicine, CA 90027, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Adams EM, Pucino F, Yarboro C, Hicks JE, Thornton B, McGarvey C, Sonies BC, Bartlett ML, Villalba ML, Fleisher T, Plotz PH. A pilot study: use of fludarabine for refractory dermatomyositis and polymyositis, and examination of endpoint measures. J Rheumatol 1999; 26:352-60. [PMID: 9972969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effects of the adenine analog, fludarabine, on patients with refractory dermatomyositis and polymyositis, and to assess variables used in following myositis patients during medical intervention. METHODS Patients whose myositis was not controlled by prednisone and at least one other immunosuppressive medication were entered into a pilot study during which they received 6 monthly cycles of intravenous fludarabine. Patients were assessed at baseline, every other month, and at month 7 for primary outcome measures of strength and function. Other measurements including peripheral blood cell subsets, muscle enzymes, and various assessments of disease activity were followed monthly during the fludarabine infusion period and for up to 6 months post therapy. RESULTS Of 16 patients who entered the study, 4 patients were classified as improved, and 7 patients were classified as unchanged. Five patients who withdrew before month 7 were classified as treatment failures. Fludarabine caused a significant and prolonged lymphopenia without an increase in infectious complications over that seen with other immunosuppressive agents used for myositis. A sudden death of one patient at the end of the study was not thought to be drug related. Variables followed during the study emphasized the distinction between patient functional improvement and disease remission. CONCLUSION A subset of patients with refractory myositis may benefit from fludarabine therapy and controlled trials are indicated. Refinement and validation of variables useful for following myositis patients await larger studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E M Adams
- Arthritis Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Infante AJ, Britton HA, DeNapoli T, Middelton LA, Lenardo MJ, Jackson CE, Wang J, Fleisher T, Straus SE, Puck JM. The clinical spectrum in a large kindred with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome caused by a Fas mutation that impairs lymphocyte apoptosis. J Pediatr 1998; 133:629-33. [PMID: 9821419 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(98)70102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is characterized by chronic, histologically benign splenomegaly and generalized lymphadenopathy, hypergammaglobulinemia, and autoantibody formation. ALPS has been attributed to defective programmed cell death of lymphocytes, most often arising as a result of mutations in the gene encoding the lymphocyte apoptosis receptor Fas/APO-l/CD95. We identified a novel mutation in the intracellular apoptosis signaling domain of Fas in 11 members of a family, individual members of which have been monitored for up to 25 years, with 1 or more features of ALPS. This study of a large number of family members carrying the same Fas defect demonstrates that ALPS is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion but with a high degree of variability in clinical expression. Although 1 affected individual died of postsplenectomy sepsis and 1 has been treated for lymphoma, the Fas mutation in this family has been compatible with a healthy adulthood, as clinical features of ALPS have receded with increasing age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Infante
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7810, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
A 52 kDa islet protein has recently been identified as the target of autoantibodies in the NOD mouse model of IDDM and humans with IDDM. However, the presence of T cell immunity against the 52 kDa islet protein in IDDM has not been reported. We report the establishment and characterization of a T cell line (19KW) that reacts to purified 52 kDa islet protein (purified p52) from a subject with IDDM. The purified p52 induced a proliferative response as measured by thymidine incorporation in the 19KW T cell line with a stimulating index of up to 48. The proliferative responses were greater with increasing doses of purified p52 (0.1, 0.5, 2.0, and 6.0 microg/well). No reactivity was found to a liver fraction purified in the same manner as 52 kDa protein, BSA, ovalbumin, extracts of rat muscle, fibroblast, adrenal, or pituitary tissue and to a rat exocrine cell tumor. Irradiated PBMC were required as antigen presenting cells (APC) for 19KW reactivity to the purified p52. The addition of anti-HLA DR or anti-HLA DQ antibodies significantly decreased the islet antigen-induced proliferative response. The addition of antibodies to HLA DP and class I MHC had no effect. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the majority of T cells expressed CD4 and CD45RO molecules. T cell receptors Vbeta6 and Vbeta5.1 were found on 30 and 14% of the CD3+ (T cells) 19KW cells, respectively. In conclusion, a purified p52-reactive human T cell line predominantly consisting of TCR Vbeta6+ and Vbeta5.1+ cells has been established from a subject with IDDM. Reactivity to the purified p52 is antigen dose-dependent, tissue specific, requires irradiated PBMC as antigen presenting cells, and is HLA DR- and HLA DQ-restricted. T cell lines specifically reactive to p52 may be useful for investigating further the role of this antigen in the pathogenesis of IDDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D O Sobel
- Department of Pediatrics and Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007-2197, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Blaese RM, Culver KW, Miller AD, Carter CS, Fleisher T, Clerici M, Shearer G, Chang L, Chiang Y, Tolstoshev P, Greenblatt JJ, Rosenberg SA, Klein H, Berger M, Mullen CA, Ramsey WJ, Muul L, Morgan RA, Anderson WF. T lymphocyte-directed gene therapy for ADA- SCID: initial trial results after 4 years. Science 1995; 270:475-80. [PMID: 7570001 DOI: 10.1126/science.270.5235.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 885] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In 1990, a clinical trial was started using retroviral-mediated transfer of the adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene into the T cells of two children with severe combined immunodeficiency (ADA- SCID). The number of blood T cells normalized as did many cellular and humoral immune responses. Gene treatment ended after 2 years, but integrated vector and ADA gene expression in T cells persisted. Although many components remain to be perfected, it is concluded here that gene therapy can be a safe and effective addition to treatment for some patients with this severe immunodeficiency disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Blaese
- National Center for Human Genome Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Willy ME, Koziol DE, Fleisher T, Koo S, McFarland H, Schmitt J, Wesley R, Hurwitz ES, Henderson DK. Measles immunity in a population of healthcare workers. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994; 15:12-7. [PMID: 8133003 DOI: 10.1086/646811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate measles seroprevalence among cohorts of new employees and to evaluate vaccine responses of susceptible adult healthcare workers. DESIGN New employees were screened for measles susceptibility as part of employee evaluations. Anti-IgG measles antibody tests were completed on 2,473 workers. Demographic, measles history, and measles vaccination information was collected using a short questionnaire. Susceptible workers were vaccinated and screened for vaccine responses following vaccination. RESULTS Ninety-three workers (4%) were seronegative, and 56 (2%) were equivocal. Individuals in the youngest cohort (born after 1956) were significantly more likely to be susceptible than those in the middle cohort (born 1951 to 1956) and those in the oldest cohort (born before 1951) (P < 0.01). The middle cohort included eight (5%) of the 149 seronegative or equivocal workers. Among the members of the youngest cohort, those from the United States were more likely to be susceptible (P < 0.01) than those from outside the United States. Of the 106 vaccinated susceptible workers whose follow-up serologies were determined, 90 (85%) developed positive IgG serologies, six had equivocal results, and 10 were seronegative. Eleven of the 16 non- or hyporesponders were revaccinated and re-evaluated; nine developed low positive IgG antimeasles levels, one exhibited an equivocal response, and one failed to respond. CONCLUSIONS A small but important proportion of healthcare workers are susceptible to measles. Whenever feasible, measles immunity programs for healthcare workers should include workers born before 1957. Of workers born after 1956, those from outside the United States are more likely to be immune than workers from inside the United States. Using the currently available vaccine, revaccination of initial non- or hyporesponders appears to be effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M E Willy
- Hospital Epidemiology Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lopez M, Fleisher T, deShazo RD. Use and interpretation of diagnostic immunologic laboratory tests. JAMA 1992; 268:2970-90. [PMID: 1433717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
12
|
Carter PH, Resto-Ruiz S, Washington GC, Ethridge S, Palini A, Vogt R, Waxdal M, Fleisher T, Noguchi PD, Marti GE. Flow cytometric analysis of whole blood lysis, three anticoagulants, and five cell preparations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992; 13:68-74. [PMID: 1372204 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.990130111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effects of anticoagulants and cell preparation methods on lymphocyte forward-angle scatter (FSC), autofluorescence, and immunofluorescent staining for CD45, CD14, and CD13. Blood samples collected in ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA), heparin, and acid citrate dextrose (ACD) were processed by using conventional Hypaque-Ficoll (HF) separation and four whole blood (WB) lysis techniques: Immuno-lyse, Q-Prep, FACS Lyse, and Gen Trak Lysis. Lymphocytes prepared by using three of the four whole blood methods gave FCS values comparable to those isolated by HF, while one method (FACS Lyse) gave consistently lower values. Autofluorescence values were comparable by all methods except Immuno-lyse, which showed consistently higher values in blood stored for 24 h with any anticoagulant. Immunofluorescent values for CD45-stained cells were quite consistent across all methods, and among the whole blood methods, FACS Lyse and Q-Prep uniformly gave the highest purity of CD45-positive cells in the lymphocyte light scatter gates. Additionally, propidium iodide (PI) analyses of CD45-stained whole blood, and analyzed without lysis, confirmed that ACD and heparin were superior to EDTA for maintaining viable leucocytes overnight. Future studies should focus on other commonly used reagents, a wide variety of abnormal samples, and cell viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P H Carter
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Food and Drug Administration, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tendler CL, Greenberg SJ, Blattner WA, Manns A, Murphy E, Fleisher T, Hanchard B, Morgan O, Burton JD, Nelson DL. Transactivation of interleukin 2 and its receptor induces immune activation in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy: pathogenic implications and a rationale for immunotherapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87:5218-22. [PMID: 2367534 PMCID: PMC54293 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.13.5218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A state of T-cell activation, reflected by a marked degree of spontaneous proliferation in vitro, exists among patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) but not in those with retroviral-induced adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). We wished to define the mechanism by which the immune activation of circulating cells from HAM/TSP is driven, thus gaining insight into the pathogenesis of this HTLV-I-associated disease. By using a modification of the polymerase chain reaction, we compared the levels of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and IL-2 receptor alpha chain (IL-2R alpha) mRNA expression to the transcription of the HTLV-I transactivator gene, pX, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HAM/TSP and ATL patients as well as seropositive carriers. Up-regulation of IL-2 and IL-2R alpha transcripts was detected in HAM/TSP and seropositive carriers that paralleled the coordinate mRNA expression of the pX transactivator. In addition, IL-2 and soluble IL-2R alpha serum levels in HAM/TSP and seropositive carriers were elevated. Despite markedly elevated levels of soluble IL-2R alpha in ATL, transcripts for IL-2 and pX were not demonstrable in the circulating cells. Finally, the marked degree of in vitro spontaneous proliferation present in HAM/TSP was profoundly inhibited by specific anti-IL-2R or anti-IL-2 blocking antibodies. Collectively, these results suggest that immune activation in HAM/TSP, in contrast to ATL, is virally driven by the transactivation and coordinate expression of IL-2 and IL-2R alpha. This deregulated autocrine process may contribute to the evolution of inflammatory nervous system damage in HAM/TSP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C L Tendler
- Metabolism Branche, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Golding B, Tsokos GC, Fleisher T, Muchmore AV, Blaese RM. The role of nonactivated and interferon-gamma activated monocytes in regulating normal and SLE patient B cell responses to TNP-Brucella abortus. J Immunol 1986; 137:103-7. [PMID: 3086443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We have previously characterized the human B cell response to trinitrophenol (TNP)-Brucella abortus (Ba) response as being T cell independent. In this report we examine the role of monocytes in the TNP-Ba antibody response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Depletion of monocytes by sequential adherence to plastic and Sephadex G-10 passage did not result in decreased plaque-forming cell responses to TNP-Ba, suggesting that monocytes were not required. On the contrary monocytes were probably inhibitory because their removal resulted in enhanced responses. This was confirmed by showing that adding monocytes back reconstituted the inhibition. When interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), a potent activator of monocytes, was added to TNP-Ba-driven PBMC cultures, marked inhibition (greater than 90%) of the responses ensued. This IFN-gamma-mediated suppression was monocyte dependent because it was completely abrogated by monocyte, but not T cell depletion. Previously, we described a concanavalin A (Con A), T cell inhibition pathway of the TNP-Ba response. Both the Con A and IFN-gamma pathways were tested for their ability to inhibit systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patient responses to TNP-Ba. The B cell response of SLE patients was inhibitable by both pathways. In all of the patients, the inhibition was complete (greater than 95%) when IFN-gamma was added to the cultures. In the presence of Con A, greater than 95% inhibition was observed in six of 10 patients, the remainder being inhibited to a lesser extent. Thus the hyperactive B cells from SLE patients can be down-regulated, particularly in the presence of IFN-gamma.
Collapse
|
15
|
Golding B, Tsokos GC, Fleisher T, Muchmore AV, Blaese RM. The role of nonactivated and interferon-gamma activated monocytes in regulating normal and SLE patient B cell responses to TNP-Brucella abortus. The Journal of Immunology 1986. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.137.1.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
We have previously characterized the human B cell response to trinitrophenol (TNP)-Brucella abortus (Ba) response as being T cell independent. In this report we examine the role of monocytes in the TNP-Ba antibody response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Depletion of monocytes by sequential adherence to plastic and Sephadex G-10 passage did not result in decreased plaque-forming cell responses to TNP-Ba, suggesting that monocytes were not required. On the contrary monocytes were probably inhibitory because their removal resulted in enhanced responses. This was confirmed by showing that adding monocytes back reconstituted the inhibition. When interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), a potent activator of monocytes, was added to TNP-Ba-driven PBMC cultures, marked inhibition (greater than 90%) of the responses ensued. This IFN-gamma-mediated suppression was monocyte dependent because it was completely abrogated by monocyte, but not T cell depletion. Previously, we described a concanavalin A (Con A), T cell inhibition pathway of the TNP-Ba response. Both the Con A and IFN-gamma pathways were tested for their ability to inhibit systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patient responses to TNP-Ba. The B cell response of SLE patients was inhibitable by both pathways. In all of the patients, the inhibition was complete (greater than 95%) when IFN-gamma was added to the cultures. In the presence of Con A, greater than 95% inhibition was observed in six of 10 patients, the remainder being inhibited to a lesser extent. Thus the hyperactive B cells from SLE patients can be down-regulated, particularly in the presence of IFN-gamma.
Collapse
|
16
|
Attallah AM, Fleisher T, Khalil R, Noguchi PD, Urritia-Shaw A. Proliferative and functional aspects of interferon-treated human normal and neoplastic T and B cells. Br J Cancer 1980; 42:423-9. [PMID: 6158973 PMCID: PMC2010401 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1980.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that normal as well as neoplastic B-cell lines vary substantially in their response to the antiproliferative effects of human interferon (HIF). In this study we took advantage of a recent method to generate long-term continuous normal T-cell cultures (CTC) to investigate the effects of HIF on proliferating lymphoid cells. Normal CTC proved to be resistant to inhibition of proliferation; up to 1000 u HIF had little effect on [3H] TdR uptake, and up to 2000 u HIF had little effect on cell-cycle progression, measured by flow cytometry. Proliferating normal B cells were also resistant to the antiproliferative effect. Nor did up to 500 m HIF inhibit RNA synthesis or immunoglobulin biosynthesis of normal B cells. In contrast, a neoplastic myeloma B cell, a Burkitt's lymphoma cell and a neoplastic leukaemic T cell showed marked inhibition of [3H] TdR uptake and cell cycle progression with as little as 5 u HIF. These results suggest that amounts of HIF sufficient to inhibit proliferation of some neoplastic lymphoid cells have little effect on T- and B-cell proliferation and differentiation of normal B lymphocytes.
Collapse
|