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Zuin M, Brombo G, Polastri M, Romagnoli T, Cervellati C, Zuliani G. Variability in Alzheimer's disease mortality from European vital statistics, 2012-2020. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024; 39:e6068. [PMID: 38429957 DOI: 10.1002/gps.6068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Data regarding the trends in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mortality in the modern European Union (EU-27) member states are lacking. We assess the sex- and age-specific trends in AD mortality in the EU-27 member states between years 2012 and 2020. METHODS Data on cause-specific deaths and population numbers by sex for each country of the EU-27 were retrieved through publicly available European Statistical Office (EUROSTAT) dataset from 2012 to 2020. AD-related deaths were ascertained when the ICD-10 code G30 was listed as the primary cause of death in the medical death certificate. To calculate annual trends, we assessed the average annual percent change (AAPC) with relative 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Joinpoint regression. RESULTS During the study period, 751,493 deaths (1.7%, 233,271 males and 518,222 females) occurred in the EU-27 because of AD. Trends in the proportion of AD-related deaths per 1000 total deaths slightly increased from 16.8% to 17.5% (p for trend <0.001). The age-adjusted mortality rate was higher in women over the entire study period. Joinpoint regression analysis revealed a stagnation in age-adjusted AD-related mortality from 2012 to 2020 among EU-27 Member States (AAMR: -0.1% [95% CI: -1.8-1.79], p = 0.94). Stratification by Country showed relevant regional disparities, especially in the Northern and Eastern EU-27 member states. CONCLUSIONS Over the last decade, the age-adjusted AD-related mortality rate has plateaued in EU-27. Important disparities still exist between Western and Eastern European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zuin
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gloria Brombo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Polastri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Romagnoli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Zuliani G, Zuin M, Romagnoli T, Polastri M, Cervellati C, Brombo G. Acetyl-cholinesterase-inhibitors reconsidered. A narrative review of post-marketing studies on Alzheimer's disease. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:23. [PMID: 38321321 PMCID: PMC10847178 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The real efficacy of Acetyl-cholinesterase-inhibitors (AChEI) has been questioned. In this narrative review we evaluated their effect on cognitive decline, measured by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and on total mortality rates in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) recruited into post-marketing open/non-randomized/retrospective studies. In AD patients treated with AChEI, the mean MMSE loss ranged from 0.2 to 1.37 points/years, compared with 1.07-3.4 points/years in non-treated patients. Six studies also reported data about survival; a reduction in total mortality relative risk between 27% and 42% was observed, over a period of 2-8 years. The type of studies and the use of MMSE to assess cognitive decline, may have introduced several biases. However, the clinical effects of AChEI seem to be of the same order of magnitude as the drugs currently used in most common chronic disorders, as regards progression of the disease and total mortality. In the absence of long-term randomized trials on "standard" unselected AD outpatients, open/retrospective studies and health databases represent the best available evidence on the possible effect of AChEI in the real-word setting. Our data support the clinical benefit of AChEI in older patients affected by AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Zuliani
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Zuin
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Romagnoli
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Polastri
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Gloria Brombo
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Preti B, Schenkel L, Cecchini M, Romagnoli T, Sanatani MS, French K, Colquhoun P, Vincent MD. Double Duty: Complete Pathologic Response of Two Colonic Primaries with Mosaicism of a Novel MLH1 Mutation to Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:9039-9048. [PMID: 37887553 PMCID: PMC10605803 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30100653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a fascinating case of a 57-year-old male with a novel mutation in MLH1 (MLH1:c.1288G > T, p.(Glu430*)), who presented with two synchronous colonic tumours, initially deemed unresectable, and experienced a complete pathological response on neoadjuvant pembrolizumab. Extensive genetic testing revealed post-zygotic mosaicism from the novel mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Preti
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (M.S.S.); (M.D.V.)
| | - Laila Schenkel
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
| | - Matthew Cecchini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (M.C.); (T.R.)
| | - Tommaso Romagnoli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (M.C.); (T.R.)
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Michael Susmoy Sanatani
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (M.S.S.); (M.D.V.)
| | - Karissa French
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Patrick Colquhoun
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
| | - Mark David Vincent
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (M.S.S.); (M.D.V.)
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Zuliani G, Gallerani M, Maietti E, Reverberi R, Romagnoli T, Cervellati C, Brombo G. Dementia and Related Comorbidity: Analysis of 2 Years of Admissions to Italian Hospitals. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2022; 36:259-262. [PMID: 35383579 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of dementia, related comorbidities, and mortality rates in hospitalized elderly patients in Italy. METHODS Data were obtained from the Italian Ministry of Health and included all discharge records from Italian hospitals concerning subjects aged 65 years or above admitted to acute Internal Medicine during 2 years (n=3,695,278 admissions). Discharge diagnoses were re-classified into 24 clusters, each including homogeneous diseases by the ICD-9-CM code classification. Dementia was identified by the presence of ICD-9-CM codes 290, 294, or 331 series. RESULTS Patients with dementia represented 7.5% of the sample; compared with those without dementia, they were older and more often female, had a greater length of hospital stay and higher mortality rate. Besides delirium [odds ratio (OR): 54.20], enthesopaties (OR: 2.19), diseases of fluids and electrolytes (OR:1.96), diseases of arteries (OR: 1.69), skin diseases (OR: 1.64), and pneumonia and pleurisy (OR: 1.53) were the diseases more strongly associated with the diagnosis of dementia, independent of other clusters, age, sex, and length of stay. CONCLUSIONS Some comorbidities are specifically associated with the diagnosis of dementia among hospitalized elderly patients. Overall, these comorbidities describe the typical clinical profile of the patient with advanced dementia and could be treated in the context of the primary care, since they do not require specific skills belonging to hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Zuliani
- Section of Internal and Cardiorespiratory Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara
| | - Massimo Gallerani
- Department of Medical Sciences, S. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisa Maietti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Center for Clinical Epidemiology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Reverberi
- Department of Medical Sciences, S. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Romagnoli
- Section of Internal and Cardiorespiratory Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Section of Internal and Cardiorespiratory Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara
| | - Gloria Brombo
- Section of Internal and Cardiorespiratory Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara
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Zuin M, Brombo G, Capatti E, Romagnoli T, Zuliani G. Orthostatic hypotension and vitamin D deficiency in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 34:951-958. [PMID: 34628636 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01994-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the latest years different studies have investigated the possible relationship between D deficiency and occurrence of orthostatic hypotension (OH), often reaching controversial results. We perform an update meta-analysis providing an update overview on the association between hypovitaminosis D and orthostatic hypotension (OH) in older adults. METHODS Data extraction was independently performed by two authors and based upon predefined criteria. The meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Statistical heterogeneity between groups was measured using the Higgins I2 statistic. RESULTS Eight investigations enrolling 16.326 patients (mean age 75.5 years) met the inclusion criteria and were considered for the analysis. Patients with vitamin D deficiency were more likely to have OH compared to those without (OR: 1.36, 95% CI 1.14-1.63, p = 0.0001, I2 = 43.6%). A further sub-analysis, based on three studies, estimating the risk of OH in patients with hypovitaminosis D receiving antihypertensive treatment, did not reach the statistical significance (OR: 1.40, 95% CI 0.61-3.18, p = 0.418, I2 = 53.3%). Meta-regression performed using age (p = 0.12), BMI (p = 0.73) and gender (p = 0.62) as moderators did not reveal any statistical significance in influencing OH. Conversely, physical activity, Vitamin D supplementation and use of radioimmunoassay for the measurement of vitamin D serum levels showed a significant inverse relationship towards the risk of OH (Coeff.-0.09, p = 0.002, Coeff. - 0.12, p < 0.001 and Coeff. - 0.08, p = 0.03, respectively) among patients with hypovitaminosis D. A direct correlation between the administration of antihypertensive treatment and the risk of OH in older patients with low vitamin D level was observed (Coeff. 0.05, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Hypovitaminosis D is significantly associated with OH in older adults and directly influence by the administration of antihypertensive drugs. Conversely, physical activity, vitamin D supplementation and use of radioimmunoassay as analytic method inversely correlated with the risk of OH in older patients.
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Zuliani G, Trentini A, Brombo G, Rosta V, Guasti P, Romagnoli T, Polastri M, Marabini L, Pedrini D, Pistolesi C, Pacifico S, Guerrini R, Seripa D, Cervellati C. Serum beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) activity increases in patients with mild cognitive impairment. J Neurochem 2021; 159:629-637. [PMID: 34534363 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) is considered as the key enzyme in amyloid-β formation. Previous works suggest that high BACE1 activity may be present in brain, cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) as well as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Therefore, we evaluated whether serum BACE1 activity increases in MCI patients and is associated with the progression from MCI to dementia. BACE1 activity was measured in the serum of 259 MCI patients (162 amnestic-aMCI, 97 non-amnestic-naMCI) and 204 healthy Controls. After a median follow-up of 32 months (range: 10-153), 116 MCI progressed to dementia (87 aMCI and 29 naMCI). Serum BACE1 activity was higher in MCI compared with Controls (p < 0.001), and in aMCI with brain atrophy compared with naMCI without brain atrophy (p = 0.04). No difference in BACE1 activity emerged between converter and non-converter MCI, and this was true for both aMCI and naMCI. However, among aMCI with better cognitive performance (n. 163, MMSE score ≥24/30) those converting to dementia had higher BACE1 activity compared to stable ones (p = 0.05). This was not associated with an increased risk to develop dementia (hazard ratio: 1.65; 95% confidence interval: 0.67-4.01). In conclusion, serum BACE1 activity significantly increased in MCI patients (both amnestic and non-amnestic) compared with Controls. Moreover, higher serum BACE1 activity was observed only among aMCI with a better cognitive performance who progressed to dementia, suggesting that a dysregulation of this enzyme might be an early event primarily associated with neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Zuliani
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Trentini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gloria Brombo
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valentina Rosta
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Guasti
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Romagnoli
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Polastri
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lisa Marabini
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dario Pedrini
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Pistolesi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pacifico
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- Research Laboratory, Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Romagnoli T, Ortolani B, Sanz JM, Trentini A, Seripa D, Nora ED, Capatti E, Cervellati C, Passaro A, Zuliani G, Brombo G. Serum Apo J as a potential marker of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. J Neurol Sci 2021; 427:117537. [PMID: 34147956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.117537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein J (ApoJ) is present in both plasma and tissues, including brain. Growing evidence suggest that this protein may play an early role on the development of the two most common forms of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether serum ApoJ levels might be able to predict the progression to AD, VD, or mixed dementia (AD&VD) in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS Serum ApoJ was measured in 196 MCI subjects (aged ≥60 years) with a median follow up of 2.9 years. RESULTS One hundred thirty-two of the enrolled MCI subjects converted to dementia. Among these, 45% developed AD, 33% mixed dementia, 13% VD (VD), and 9% other forms of dementia. A significant trend toward a progressive reduction in the incidence of dementia, regardless of the type, from tertile I (83.1%), to tertile II (63.1%), to tertile III (56.1%) was observed (p = 0.003). After adjustment for potential confounders, a twofold increase in the risk of conversion to dementia was found in subjects belonging to tertile I of Apo J compared with tertile III; the risk increased after two years of follow up, while no differences emerged within the first 2 years. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that in MCI subjects, low APOJ levels may be associated with increased risk of developing dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Romagnoli
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Beatrice Ortolani
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Juana Maria Sanz
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; Department of ROMAGNA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Trentini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; Department of ROMAGNA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Davide Seripa
- Research Laboratory, Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Edoardo Dalla Nora
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Capatti
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gloria Brombo
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Zuliani G, Polastri M, Romagnoli T, Marabini L, Seripa D, Cervellati C, Zurlo A, Passaro A, Brombo G. Clinical and demographic parameters predict the progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia in elderly patients. Aging Clin Exp Res 2020; 33:1895-1902. [PMID: 32918697 PMCID: PMC8249246 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01697-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the possibility of predicting the risk of progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia using a combination of clinical/demographic parameters. METHODS A total of 462 MCI elderly patients (follow-up: 33 months). Variable measured included cognitive functions, age, gender, MCI type, education, comorbidities, clinical chemistry, and functional status. RESULTS Amnestic type (aMCI) represented 63% of the sample, non-amnestic (naMCI) 37%; 190 subjects progressed to dementia, 49% among aMCI, and 28% among naMCI. At Cox multivariate regression analysis, only MMSE (one point increase HR 0.84; 95% CI 0.79-0.90), aMCI (HR 2.35; 95% CI 1.39-3.98), and age (1 year increase HR 1.05; 95% CI 1.01-1.10) were independently associated with progression to dementia. A score was created based on these dichotomized variables (score 0-3): age (≥ or < 78 years), MMSE score (≥ or < 25/30) and aMCI type. The conversion rate progressed from 6% in subjects with score 0 (negative predictive value: 0.94), to 31% in individuals with score 1, to 53% in subjects with score 2, to 72% in individuals with score 3 (positive predictive value: 0.72). ROC curve analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.72 (95% CI 0.66-0.75, p 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS We have described a simple score, based on previously recognized predictors such as age, MMSE, and MCI type, which may be useful for an initial stratification of the risk of progression to dementia in patients affected by MCI. The score might help the clinicians to evaluate the need for more expansive/invasive examinations and for a closer follow-up in MCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Zuliani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery, and Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Anna, 44100, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Michele Polastri
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Romagnoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lisa Marabini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- Research Laboratory, Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Amedeo Zurlo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gloria Brombo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Ghiassian S, Yu L, Gobbo P, Nazemi A, Romagnoli T, Luo W, Luyt LG, Workentin MS. Nitrone-Modified Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Their Potential as 18F-Labeled Positron Emission Tomography Probes via I-SPANC. ACS Omega 2019; 4:19106-19115. [PMID: 31763533 PMCID: PMC6868604 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel bioorthogonal gold nanoparticle (AuNP) template displaying interfacial nitrone functional groups for bioorthogonal interfacial strain-promoted alkyne-nitrone cycloaddition reactions has been synthesized. These nitrone-AuNPs were characterized in detail using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and a nanoparticle raw formula was calculated. The ability to control the conjugation of molecules of interest at the molecular level onto the nitrone-AuNP template allowed us to create a novel methodology for the synthesis of AuNP-based radiolabeled probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ghiassian
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Materials and Biomaterials
Research and Department of Oncology, The University
of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lihai Yu
- London
Regional Cancer Program, 800 Commissioners Rd. E., London N6A 5W9, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pierangelo Gobbo
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Materials and Biomaterials
Research and Department of Oncology, The University
of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali Nazemi
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Materials and Biomaterials
Research and Department of Oncology, The University
of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tommaso Romagnoli
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Materials and Biomaterials
Research and Department of Oncology, The University
of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wilson Luo
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Materials and Biomaterials
Research and Department of Oncology, The University
of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leonard G. Luyt
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Materials and Biomaterials
Research and Department of Oncology, The University
of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Ontario, Canada
- London
Regional Cancer Program, 800 Commissioners Rd. E., London N6A 5W9, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark S. Workentin
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Materials and Biomaterials
Research and Department of Oncology, The University
of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Ontario, Canada
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Illuminati S, Annibaldi A, Romagnoli T, Libani G, Antonucci M, Scarponi G, Totti C, Truzzi C. Distribution of Cd, Pb and Cu between dissolved fraction, inorganic particulate and phytoplankton in seawater of Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica) during austral summer 2011-12. Chemosphere 2017; 185:1122-1135. [PMID: 28764133 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
During the austral summer 2011-2012, the metal quotas of Cd, Pb and Cu in the phytoplankton of Terra Nova Bay (TNB, Antarctica) were measured for the first time. Evolution of all the three metal distributions between dissolved and particulate fractions during the season was also evaluated. Metal concentrations were mainly affected by the dynamic of the pack ice melting and phytoplankton activity. In mid-December when TNB area was covered by a thick pack ice layer and phytoplankton activity was very low, all the three metals were present mainly in their dissolved species. When the pack ice started to melt and the water column characteristics became ideal (i.e. moderate stratification, ice free area), the phytoplankton bloom occurred. Cd showed a nutrient-type behaviour with dissolved and particulate fractions mainly influenced by phytoplankton activity. Cd quota showed a mean value of 0.12 ± 0.07 nmol L-1 (30-100% of the total particulate). Also Cu showed a nutrient-type behaviour, with its quota in phytoplankton varying between 0.08 and 2.1 nmol L-1 (20-100% of the total particulate). Pb features the typical distribution of a scavenged element with very low algal content (0.03 ± 0.02 nmol L-1, representing 20-50% of the total particulate). The vertical distribution of this element was influenced by several factors (e.g. pack ice melting, atmospheric inputs), the phytoplankton activity affecting Pb behaviour only partially. Metal:C ratios provide valuable information on the biological requirements for Cd, Pb and Cu, leading us to better understand their biogeochemical cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Illuminati
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche 60131, Ancona, Italy.
| | - A Annibaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - T Romagnoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - G Libani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Antonucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - G Scarponi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - C Totti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - C Truzzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche 60131, Ancona, Italy
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11
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Gobbo P, Romagnoli T, Barbon SM, Price JT, Keir J, Gilroy JB, Workentin MS. Expanding the scope of strained-alkyne chemistry: a protection–deprotection strategy via the formation of a dicobalt–hexacarbonyl complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:6647-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01522g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A protection–deprotection strategy for strained alkynes is reported. A strained alkyne can be protected with dicobalt–octacarbonyl and we demonstrate for the first time that the a strained alkyne can be re-formed and isolated under mild conditions for further bioorthogonal reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierangelo Gobbo
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Tommaso Romagnoli
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Jacquelyn T. Price
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Jennifer Keir
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Mark S. Workentin
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
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12
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Avila J, Barbaro B, Gangemi A, Romagnoli T, Kuechle J, Hansen M, Shapiro J, Testa G, Sankary H, Benedetti E, Lakey J, Oberholzer J. Intra-ductal glutamine administration reduces oxidative injury during human pancreatic islet isolation. Am J Transplant 2005; 5:2830-7. [PMID: 16302995 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.01109.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress during islet isolation induces a cascade of events injuring islets and hampering islet engraftment. This study evaluated islet isolation and transplantation outcomes after intra-ductal glutamine administration. Human pancreata deemed unsuitable for pancreas or islet transplantation were treated with either a 5 mM solution of l-glutamine (n = 6) or collagenase enzyme alone (n = 6) through the main pancreatic duct. Islet yield, viability, in vitro function; markers of oxidative stress [malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione (GSH)] and apoptosis were assessed. Islet yields were significantly increased in the glutamine group compared to controls (318, 559 +/- 25, 800 vs. 165, 582 +/- 39, 944 mean +/- SEM, p < 0.01). The amount of apoptotic cells per islet was smaller in the glutamine group than the control. The percentage of nude mice rendered normoglycemic with glutamine-treated islets was higher than the controls (83% n = 10/12 vs. 26% n = 6/23; p < 0.01), and the time to reach normoglycemia was decreased in the glutamine group (1.83 +/- 0.4 vs. 7.3 +/- 3 days; p < 0.01). Glutamine administration increased GSH levels (7.6 +/- 1.7 nmol/mg protein vs. 4.03 +/- 0.5 in control, p < 0.05) and reduced lipid-peroxidation (MDA 2.45 +/- 0.7 nmol/mg of protein vs. 6.54 +/- 1.7 in control; p < 0.05). We conclude that intra-ductal administration of glutamine reduces oxidative injury and apoptosis and improves islet yield and islet graft function after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Avila
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Division of Transplantation, Chicago, USA
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13
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Derenzini M, Romagnoli T, Ceccarelli C, Eusebi V. Fixatives and silver stainability of NOR proteins at the light microscopic level. J Histochem Cytochem 1988; 36:1453-4. [PMID: 2459188 DOI: 10.1177/36.11.2459188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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14
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Derenzini M, Romagnoli T, Mingazzini P, Marinozzi V. Interphasic nucleolar organizer region distribution as a diagnostic parameter to differentiate benign from malignant epithelial tumors of human intestine. Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol 1987; 54:334-40. [PMID: 2897741 DOI: 10.1007/bf02899231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of the interphasic nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) has been investigated in five hyperplastic polyps, five adenomatous polyps and fifteen colonic adenocarcinomas. The study was performed using electron microscopy and paraffin-embedded sections stained for Ag-NOR proteins. Malignant tumor cells were characterized by a large number of NORs which were small in size and showed a scattered distribution. Nuclei of both types of polyp had only a small number of large-sized NORs in a clustered distribution. In two adenomatous polyps, cells were also observed with an NOR distribution pattern intermediate between that of frankly benign and malignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Derenzini
- Dipartimento di Patologia Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Italy
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