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Toyota K, Matsushima H, Osanai R, Okutsu T, Yamane F, Ohira T. Dual roles of crustacean female sex hormone during juvenile stage in the kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 344:114374. [PMID: 37683706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The crustacean female sex hormone (CFSH) has been identified as a female-specific hormone that plays a crucial role in female phenotype developments in the blue crab Callinectes sapidus. To date, its homologous genes have been reported in various decapod species. Additionally, unlike the blue crab, several species have two different CFSH subtypes. The kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus is a representative example species of this phenomenon, having two CFSH subtypes identified from the eyestalk (MajCFSH) and ovary (MajCFSH-ov). Eyestalk-type MajCFSH is expressed predominantly in the eyestalk at the same level in both sexes, indicating no female-specificity. Here, we conducted gene knockdown analysis of eyestalk-type MajCFSH using sexually immature juveniles of kuruma prawn (average body length: ∼10 mm) to elucidate its physiological functions. As a result, MajCFSH-knockdown did not affect the development of sex-specific characteristics such as external reproductive organs, while it induced apparent growth suppression in male juveniles, implying that MajCFSH may play a male-biased juvenile growth role. Moreover, MajCFSH-knockdown female and male juveniles changed their body color to become brighter, indicating that MajCFSH has the ability to change body color by dispersing the pigment granules in the chromatophore. Overall, our present study improved our understanding of the physiological roles of CFSH using kuruma prawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Toyota
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, 2946 Tsuchiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.
| | - Hanako Matsushima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, 2946 Tsuchiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
| | - Rei Osanai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, 2946 Tsuchiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Okutsu
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Yamane
- Mie Prefectural Fish Farming Center, Shima, Mie 517-0404, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ohira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, 2946 Tsuchiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan.
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Sengseng T, Okutsu T, Songnui A, Boonchuay J, Sakunrang C, Wonglapsuwan M. Molecular Markers of Ovarian Germ Cells of Banana Prawn ( Fenneropenaeus merguiensis). Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5708-5724. [PMID: 37504276 PMCID: PMC10378296 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The banana prawn (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) is a valuable prawn in the worldwide market. However, cultivation of this species is limited owing to the difficulty in culture management and limited knowledge of reproduction. Therefore, we studied the gene expression and molecular mechanisms involved in oogenesis for elucidating ovarian germ cell development in banana prawns. The tissue-specific distribution of certain genes identified from previous transcriptome data showed that FmCyclinB, FmNanos, and nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein (FmNASP) were only expressed in gonads. The in situ hybridization (ISH) of these three genes showed different expression patterns throughout oogenesis. FmCyclinB was highly expressed in pre-vitellogenic oocytes. FmNanos was expressed at almost the same level during oogenesis but showed the most expression in late pre-vitellogenic stages. Based on the highest expression of FmCyclinB and FmNanos in mid pre-vitellogenic and late pre-vitellogenic oocytes, respectively, we suggested that FmNanos may suppress FmCyclinB expression before initiation of vitellogenesis. Meanwhile, FmNASP expression was detected only in pre-vitellogenesis. Moreover, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of FmNASP expression was supported by FmNASP ISH analysis based on high expression of FmNASP in sub-adult ovaries, which contain most of pre-vitellogenic oocytes. In this study, we found three reliable ovarian markers for banana prawns and also found a dynamic change of molecular mechanism during the sub-stage of pre-vitellogenesis. We determined the expression levels of these genes involved in oogenesis. Our findings provide information for further studies on banana prawn reproduction which may assist in their cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiyavadee Sengseng
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Tomoyuki Okutsu
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba 305-8686, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Anida Songnui
- Trang Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Center, Department of Fisheries, Trang 92150, Thailand
| | - Jaruwan Boonchuay
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Chanida Sakunrang
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Monwadee Wonglapsuwan
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
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Rakbanjong N, Okutsu T, Chotigeat W, Songnui A, Wonglapsuwan M. Cryopreservation of Germ Cells of Banana Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) and Black Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2021; 23:590-601. [PMID: 34272626 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Germ cell cryopreservation has been used to preserve many fish species. However, this method has not been established for crustaceans; thus, we attempted to do this herein. The efficiency of slow freezing was compared to vitrification methods for germ cell cryopreservation in two types of marine shrimp, Fenneropenaeus merguiensis and Penaeus monodon. In situ hybridization with a vasa probe was used to identify germ cells. The effects of three cryoprotectants, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycerol (GLY), and magnesium chloride (MgCl2), on germ cell viability and recovery rate were compared at three concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15%). The effects of thawing temperature, including 10 and 27 °C, were also investigated. We discovered that 10% DMSO with the vitrification is suitable for preserving the germ cells of F. merguiensis for a long time, whereas 10% GLY with vitrification is suitable for P. monodon. Moreover, the most suitable thawing temperature was 10 °C for both species. This is the first report of germ cell cryopreservation in crustaceans. Thus, we provide evidence that crustacean germ cells can be preserved long-term in liquid nitrogen; this is the first step in the sustainable preservation of crustaceans, especially shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthida Rakbanjong
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Tomoyuki Okutsu
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Wilaiwan Chotigeat
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Anida Songnui
- Trang Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Center, Department of Fisheries, Trang, 92150, Thailand
| | - Monwadee Wonglapsuwan
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand.
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand.
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Bae SH, Okutsu T, Tsutsui N, Kang BJ, Chen HY, Wilder MN. Involvement of second messengers in the signaling pathway of vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone and their effects on vitellogenin mRNA expression in the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 246:301-308. [PMID: 28062305 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We incubated fragments of Litopenaeus vannamei ovary to investigate second messengers involved in the regulation of vitellogenin (vg) mRNA levels. The use of 100nM recombinant vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH) (corresponding to recombinant L. vannamei sinus gland peptide-G: rLiv-SGP-G) significantly reduced vg mRNA expression in sub-adults after 8h incubation to less than 20% of the control. The concentration of intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) increased 3.2-fold relative to the control after 2h incubation with rLiv-SGP-G. However, it reached levels 18-fold relative to the control after 0.5h incubation with rLiv-SGP-G where 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (a phosphodiesterase inhibitor) was also added. Moreover, vg mRNA expression was significantly reduced to less than 50% of the control after 24h incubation with 1μM A23187 (a calcium ionophore). Thus, rLiv-SGP-G and calcium ionophore reduced vg mRNA expression in in vitro-cultured ovary, and cGMP may be involved in the signaling pathway of VIH. Overall, the above results suggest that vg mRNA expression might be inhibited in vitro by increasing intracellular cGMP and Ca2+ in L. vannamei ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hye Bae
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Okutsu
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan
| | - Naoaki Tsutsui
- Ushimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Setouchi, Okayama 701-4303, Japan
| | - Bong Jung Kang
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan
| | - Hsiang-Yin Chen
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan
| | - Marcy N Wilder
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan.
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Yoshizaki G, Takashiba K, Shimamori S, Fujinuma K, Shikina S, Okutsu T, Kume S, Hayashi M. Production of germ cell-deficient salmonids by dead end gene knockdown, and their use as recipients for germ cell transplantation. Mol Reprod Dev 2016; 83:298-311. [PMID: 26860442 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We previously established a spermatogonial transplantation model in fish using triploid recipients. Although triploid salmonids are sterile, they carry a limited number of immature triploid germ cells that potentially compete with the donor-derived germ cells for their niche. We therefore assessed the biological characteristics of germ cell-deficient gonads in rainbow trout for their suitability as recipients for germ cell transplantation in this study. Antisense morpholino oligonucleotides against the dead end gene were microinjected into the fertilized eggs of rainbow trout to eliminate endogenous germ cells, leaving only their supporting cells. Unlike similar approaches performed in zebrafish and medaka, these germ cell-deficient rainbow trout did not show a male-biased sex ratio. Approximately 30,000 spermatogonia were then transplanted into the body cavities of both germ cell-deficient and control recipients. The donor-derived germ cells showed significantly higher proliferation in the gonads of germ cell-deficient recipients than those in the gonads of the control recipients. Finally, the applicability of the germ cell-deficient recipients for xenogeneic transplantation was evaluated by transplanting rainbow trout spermatogonia into germ cell-deficient masu salmon recipients. The resulting recipient salmon matured normally and produced trout gametes, and early survival of the resulting trout offspring was as high as that of the control offspring. Thus, dead end-knockdown salmonids appear to be ideal recipients for the intraperitoneal transplantation of spermatogonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goro Yoshizaki
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Kiyoko Fujinuma
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Shikina
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Okutsu
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachi Kume
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Hayashi
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Kang BJ, Okutsu T, Tsutsui N, Shinji J, Bae SH, Wilder MN. Dynamics of vitellogenin and vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone levels in adult and subadult whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei: relation to molting and eyestalk ablation. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:12. [PMID: 24337313 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.112243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Levels of vitellogenin (VG) and vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH) in the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, were measured by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay in relation to the molting cycle and ovarian maturation induced by eyestalk ablation. During the molt cycle, VG mRNA expression levels and VG concentrations showed similar patterns of fluctuation. VG levels increased significantly at early intermolt (stage C0) in adults, but not in subadults. Unilateral and bilateral eyestalk ablation increased VG levels in adults, whereas only bilateral eyestalk ablation affected subadults. VIH levels showed contrasting patterns between adults and subadults. In adults, levels were high in late postmolt adults (stage B) and then low thereafter, whereas they increased from postmolt (stage A) to intermolt (stage C0) in subadults and remained high. Unilateral eyestalk ablation increased VIH levels 10 days following ablation in adults, after which levels decreased at 20 days. VIH levels decreased from 10 to 20 days after bilateral ablation. Both unilateral and bilateral ablation led to increased VIH levels in subadults. Eyestalk ablation induced ovarian maturation, but did not reduce VIH concentrations in the hemolymph. This phenomenon was perhaps due to other crustacean hyperglycemic hormone peptides having cross-reactivity with VIH antibodies. This is the first report to quantify concentrations of VG and VIH together in L. vannamei hemolymph, and to examine their relative dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Jung Kang
- Fisheries Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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7
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Bae SH, Kim BR, Kang BJ, Tsutsui N, Okutsu T, Shinji J, Jang IK, Han CH, Wilder MN. Molecular cloning of prophenoloxidase and the effects of dietary β-glucan and rutin on immune response in hemocytes of the fleshy shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2012; 33:597-604. [PMID: 22796907 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of dietary β-glucan (0.5 or 1 g kg⁻¹ diet: 0.5-BG, 1-BG) and rutin (0.5 or 1 g kg⁻¹ diet: 0.5-RT, 1-RT) after 10 days in the absence of pathogen challenge on the immune response of Fenneropenaeus chinensis, we determined total hemocyte count (THC) and the expression of four immune-related genes in hemocytes: those for prophenoloxidase (proPO), peroxinectin (PX), lipopolysaccharide and/or β-glucan binding protein (LGBP), and c-type lectin (CL). As a prerequisite for subsequent experiments, cDNA encoding proPO of the fleshy shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis (f-proPO) was obtained from hemocytes; it had a full length of 3023 bp, with an open reading frame (ORF) of 2061bp, a 105-bp 5'-untranslated region, and a 906-bp 3'-untranslated region containing the poly A signal. The THCs of shrimp fed β-glucan of 1 g kg⁻¹ diet, and rutin of 1 g kg⁻¹ diet were significantly higher than that of the control (P < 0.05). The expression of proPO mRNA was slightly downregulated and that of LGBP mRNA was upregulated (except in 1-RT). PX and CL mRNA remained constitutively expressed in all groups. Our results reveal that β-glucan and rutin dietary supplements have minimal effect on immune response in the absence of pathogen challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hye Bae
- Department of Global Agricultural Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Yoshizaki G, Okutsu T, Morita T, Terasawa M, Yazawa R, Takeuchi Y. Biological Characteristics of Fish Germ Cells and their Application to Developmental Biotechnology. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47 Suppl 4:187-92. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02074.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shinji J, Okutsu T, Jayasankar V, Jasmani S, Wilder MN. Metabolism of amino acids during hyposmotic adaptation in the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Amino Acids 2012; 43:1945-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1266-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nagler JJ, Cavileer T, Hunter S, Drew R, Okutsu T, Sakamoto T, Yoshizaki G. Non-sex specific genes associated with the secondary mitotic period of primordial germ cell proliferation in the gonads of embryonic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss
). Mol Reprod Dev 2011; 78:181-7. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.21277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yoshizaki G, Fujinuma K, Iwasaki Y, Okutsu T, Shikina S, Yazawa R, Takeuchi Y. Spermatogonial transplantation in fish: A novel method for the preservation of genetic resources. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2010; 6:55-61. [PMID: 20541987 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 05/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in genome-based breeding has created various fish strains carrying desirable genetic traits; however, methods for the long-term preservation of their genetic resources have not yet been developed, mainly due to the lack of cryopreservation techniques for fish eggs and embryos. Recently, we established an alternative cryopreservation technique for fish spermatogonia using a slow-freezing method. Furthermore, we developed a transplantation system to produce functional eggs and sperm derived from spermatogonia. Spermatogonia isolated from the testes of vasa-green fluorescent protein (Gfp) transgenic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of triploid masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) hatchlings of both genders. The transplanted trout spermatogonia migrated towards the gonadal anlagen of the recipient salmon, into which they were subsequently incorporated. We confirmed that the donor-derived spermatogonia resumed gametogenesis, and produced sperm and eggs in male and female recipient salmon, respectively. Fertilization of the resultant eggs and sperm produced only rainbow trout in the first filial (F₁) generation, suggesting that the sterile triploid recipient salmon produced functional eggs and sperm derived from the trout donors. A combination of spermatogonial transplantation and cryopreservation could be a powerful tool for preserving valuable fish strains with desirable genetic traits and endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goro Yoshizaki
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Japan.
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Yoshizaki G, Ichikawa M, Hayashi M, Iwasaki Y, Miwa M, Shikina S, Okutsu T. Sexual plasticity of ovarian germ cells in rainbow trout. Development 2010. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.051821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yoshizaki G, Ichikawa M, Hayashi M, Iwasaki Y, Miwa M, Shikina S, Okutsu T. Sexual plasticity of ovarian germ cells in rainbow trout. Development 2010; 137:1227-30. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.044982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The sexual plasticity of fish gonads declines after the sex differentiation period; however, information about the plasticity of the germ cells themselves after sex differentiation is limited. Using rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), we recently established a novel germ cell transplantation system that provides a unique platform with which to dissect the developmental and cellular mechanisms underlying gametogenesis. Using this technique, we show here that transplanted ovarian germ cells isolated from 6- to 9-month-old donors can colonize sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonads and resume gametogenesis. Ovarian germ cells containing oogonia and early oocytes isolated from female rainbow trout were transplanted into the peritoneal cavities of hatching-stage fry of both sexes and the behavior of the donor cells was observed. The transplanted ovarian germ cells migrated towards the recipient gonads, interacted with embryonic gonadal somatic cells, proliferated rapidly, and eventually differentiated into eggs in female recipients and sperm in male recipients. Furthermore, the donor-derived eggs and sperm obtained from the recipient fish were functional and were able to produce normal offspring. These findings indicate that mitotic germ cells, the oogonia, possess a high level of sexual plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goro Yoshizaki
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
- SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaki Ichikawa
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Makoto Hayashi
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Iwasaki
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Misako Miwa
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Shinya Shikina
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Okutsu
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
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Cavileer T, Hunter S, Okutsu T, Yoshizaki G, Nagler JJ. Identification of novel genes associated with molecular sex differentiation in the embryonic gonads of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Sex Dev 2009; 3:214-24. [PMID: 19752601 DOI: 10.1159/000228722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 04/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular pathways in embryonic vertebrates leading to gonad formation in each sex are incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to identify novel genes that could be associated with sex-specific gonadal differentiation in a fish, the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). This study was facilitated by a custom microarray based on 7,671 genes derived from embryonic rainbow trout gonad cDNA libraries and public databases. Gonad samples for total RNA isolation were obtained from pvasa-green fluorescent protein (pvasa-GFP) transgenic rainbow between 300 and 700 degree-days of development post-fertilization. The transgenic fish permitted the collection of gonads from embryonic rainbow trout during the period of molecular sex differentiation in advance of any morphologically distinguishable characteristics of sex. A bioinformatic method was used with the microarray data that looked for strong associations in gene expression patterns between known sex differentiation genes (the target genes) and novel genes (the target-associated genes) previously not allied with sex differentiation in fishes. The expression patterns of representative target genes from both sexes and their target-associated genes were independently confirmed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to support the validity of the bioinformatic method employed. Numerous novel genes were identified in the gonads of embryonic female and male rainbow trout that could be involved in sex-specific differentiation pathways in this fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Cavileer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-3051, USA
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Okutsu T, Furuta K, Haruta S, Kuroiwa T, Hiratsuka H. Photochemically induced nucleation of protein. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308098474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Furuta K, Haruta S, Tanizawa Y, Hiratsuka H, Okutsu T. Photochemical neutral radical induced nucleation of proteins. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876730809260x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ishii S, Okutsu T, Ueda S, Takano Y. Transport properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes grown by boron addition method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.200776515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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18
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Yoshizaki G, Takeuchi Y, Okutsu T. [Germ cell in fish: basic biology and biotechnological applications]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 2007; 52:2067-2072. [PMID: 21089273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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19
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Abstract
Many salmonids have become at risk of extinction. For teleosts whose eggs cannot be cryopreserved, developing techniques other than egg cryopreservation to save genetic resources is imperative. In this study, spermatogonia from rainbow trout were intraperitoneally transplanted into newly hatched sterile triploid masu salmon. Transplanted trout spermatogonia underwent spermatogenesis and oogenesis in male and female recipients, respectively. At 2 years after transplantation, triploid salmon recipients only produced trout sperm and eggs. With use of these salmon as parents, we successfully produced only donor-derived trout offspring. Thus, by transplanting cryopreserved spermatogonia into sterile xenogeneic recipients, we can generate individuals of a threatened species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Okutsu
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
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20
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Okutsu T, Suzuki K, Takeuchi Y, Takeuchi T, Yoshizaki G. Testicular germ cells can colonize sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonad and produce functional eggs in fish. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:2725-9. [PMID: 16473947 PMCID: PMC1413788 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0509218103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms that regulate germ-cell development is crucial to reproductive medicine and animal production. Animal gametes originally derive from sexually undifferentiated primordial germ cells (PGCs), which develop into mitotic germ cells (oogonia or spermatogonia) before proceeding to meiosis [Wylie, C. (1999) Cell 96, 165-174]. Spermatogonia are thought to include a population of cells with stem cell activity, which proliferate throughout the lifespan of male animals and produce spermatozoa [Zhao, G. Q. & Garbers, D. L. (2002) Dev. Cell 2, 537-547]. However, the functional differences between PGCs and spermatogonial stem cells are poorly understood. Here we show that transplanted adult testicular germ cells can colonize sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonads and resume gametogenesis. Testicular germ cells containing spermatogonial stem cells isolated from adult male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of newly hatched embryos of both sexes, and the behavior of the donor cells was observed. The testicular germ cells differentiated into spermatozoa in male recipients and fully functional eggs in female recipients. Furthermore, the donor-derived spermatozoa and eggs obtained from the recipient fish were able to produce normal offspring. These findings indicate that fish testicular germ cells, probably spermatogonial stem cells, possess a high level of developmental plasticity and sexual bipotency, even after the animal reaches maturity. Furthermore, our results suggest that spermatogonial stem cells are at least partly functionally similar to PGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Okutsu
- *Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan; and
| | - Kensuke Suzuki
- *Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan; and
| | - Yutaka Takeuchi
- *Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan; and
| | - Toshio Takeuchi
- *Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan; and
| | - Goro Yoshizaki
- *Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan; and
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Okutsu T, Yano A, Nagasawa K, Shikina S, Kobayashi T, Takeuchi Y, Yoshizaki G. Manipulation of Fish Germ Cell: Visualization, Cryopreservation and Transplantation. J Reprod Dev 2006; 52:685-93. [PMID: 17220596 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.18096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Germ-cell transplantation has many applications in biology and animal husbandry, including investigating the complex processes of germ-cell development and differentiation, producing transgenic animals by genetically modifying germline cells, and creating broodstock systems in which a target species can be produced from a surrogate parent. The germ-cell transplantation technique was initially established in chickens using primordial germ cells (PGCs), and was subsequently extended to mice using spermatogonial stem cells. Recently, we developed the first germ-cell transplantation system in lower vertebrates using fish PGCs and spermatogonia. During mammalian germ-cell transplantation, donor spermatogonial stem cells are introduced into the seminiferous tubules of the recipient testes. By contrast, in the fish germ-cell transplantation system, donor cells are microinjected into the peritoneal cavities of newly hatched embryos; this allows the donor germ cells to migrate towards, and subsequently colonize, the recipient genital ridges. The recipient embryos have immature immune systems, so the donor germ cells can survive and even differentiate into mature gametes in their allogeneic gonads, ultimately leading to the production of normal offspring. In addition, implanted spermatogonia can successfully differentiate into sperm and eggs, respectively, in male and female recipients. The results of transplantation studies in fish are improving our understanding of the development of germ-cell systems during vertebrate evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Okutsu
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Japan
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22
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Okutsu T, Kuroiwa Y, Kagitani F, Kai M, Aisaka K, Tsutsumi O, Kaneko Y, Yokomori K, Surani MA, Kohda T, Kaneko-Ishino T, Ishino F. Expression and imprinting status of human PEG8/IGF2AS, a paternally expressed antisense transcript from the IGF2 locus, in Wilms' tumors. J Biochem 2000; 127:475-83. [PMID: 10731720 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A large imprinted gene cluster in human chromosome 11p15.5 has been implicated in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and Wilms' tumor. We have identified a paternally expressed imprinted gene, PEG8/IGF2AS, in this locus. It is transcribed in the opposite direction to the IGF2 transcripts and some genomic regions are shared with the IGF2 gene, as in the case of the mouse imprinted Igf2as gene reported previously by T. Moore et al. As to the relationship between these genomic regions, the human and mouse genes are very similar but there is no homology in their middle parts. Interestingly, PEG8/IGF2AS and IGF2 were found to be overexpressed in Wilms' tumor samples, at levels over ten and a hundred times higher than that in normal kidney tissues neighboring the tumors, respectively. These findings indicate that PEG8/IGF2AS is a good marker of Wilms' tumor and also suggest the possibility of PEG8/IGF2AS being one of the candidate Wilms' tumor genes.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Biomarkers
- Blotting, Northern
- Chorionic Villi/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
- DNA, Antisense/metabolism
- Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism
- Exons
- Fathers
- Genes, Wilms Tumor/genetics
- Genomic Imprinting
- Humans
- Kidney/embryology
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mice
- Models, Genetic
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Proteins/genetics
- Proteins/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Transcription, Genetic
- Wilms Tumor/genetics
- Wilms Tumor/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- T Okutsu
- Gene Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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Okutsu T, Obakata J. [Report on nursing study in Denmark by a nursing student (4). A learning experience in the activities of home and visiting nurses]. Kurinikaru Sutadi 1985; 6:457-62. [PMID: 3847713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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